A railway tunnel invert excavation device and excavation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavation device and an excavation method for an inverted arch of a railway tunnel, comprising: a semi-inner gear ring is connected to an inverted arch trestle, a movable part is slidably mounted on the semi-inner gear ring, a gear 1 is rotatably mounted on the movable part and meshes with the semi-inner gear ring; a driving machine 1 is fixed on the movable part and fixed coaxially with the gear; a telescopic part 1 is mounted on the movable part and a drill 1 is mounted on its telescopic end, and a drill 1 can open a horizontal circular hole on the vertical surface of a lower step; a telescopic part 2 is connected to the inverted arch trestle, a telescopic part 3 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic part 2, a drill 2 is mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic part 3, and a drill 2 can open a vertical circular hole on the horizontal surface of the lower step; a splitting rod can be inserted into the vertical circular hole. The excavation device can open a horizontal circular hole and a vertical circular hole on the lower step at the same time and has high drilling accuracy; the splitting rod is inserted into the vertical circular hole, and the splitting rod can split the lower step into multiple pieces and move it out of the tunnel through a transport vehicle, and no dust is generated when the lower step is excavated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment, and more particularly to an excavation device and an excavation method for an invert of a railway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel excavation generally adopts the step method. After the upper step is excavated a certain distance in advance, the lower step begins to be excavated. The conventional excavation method of the lower step adopts directional blasting. This excavation method of the lower step has safety risks and the pre-excavation preparation time is long. The dust and particulate matter generated during blasting affect the subsequent construction. During the blasting period, vehicles cannot pass on the trestle and construction operations cannot be carried out. The long excavation time affects the construction period. In addition, when using the blasting excavation method, due to the uncertain factors in the blasting process, the lower step may be over-excavated or incompletely excavated. The excavation area needs to be repaired or excavated again by manpower later, and the excavation effect of the lower step cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an excavation device and an excavation method for a railway tunnel invert so as to overcome the above problems is an issue that needs to be urgently resolved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an excavation device for an invert arch of a railway tunnel.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An excavation device for an inverted arch of a railway tunnel is used to excavate the lower step of a tunnel constructed by a step method, wherein an inverted arch trestle is arranged in the tunnel, comprising:

[0007] A horizontal drilling assembly, the horizontal drilling assembly comprising a semi-inner gear ring, a movable part, a gear 1, a driving machine 1, a telescopic part 1, a drilling machine 1 and a drill bit 1, the semi-inner gear ring is located below the inverted arch trestle, both ends of the semi-inner gear ring are connected to the inverted arch trestle, the axis of the semi-inner gear ring is parallel to the length direction of the inverted arch trestle, and the axis of the semi-inner gear ring can define a vertical plane together with the center line of the tunnel; the movable part is slidably mounted on the semi-inner gear ring, and the movable part can slide along the circumference of the semi-inner gear ring; the gear 1 is rotatably mounted on the movable part, and the gear 1 is connected to the inverted arch trestle. The semi-inner gear ring is meshed; the driving machine 1 is fixed on the movable part, and the output shaft of the driving machine 1 is fixed coaxially with the gear; the telescopic part 1 is installed on the movable part, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic part 1 is parallel to the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring; the drilling machine 1 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic part 1; the drill bit 1 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drilling machine 1, and the axis center line of the drill bit 1 is parallel to the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring, and the end of the drill bit 1 away from the drilling machine 1 can abut against the vertical surface of the lower step, and the drill bit 1 can open a transverse circular hole on the vertical surface of the lower step;

[0008] A vertical drilling assembly, the vertical drilling assembly comprising a telescopic member 2, a telescopic member 3, a drilling rig 2 and a drill bit 2, the telescopic member 2 is connected to the inverted arch trestle, the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2 is the same as the width direction of the inverted arch trestle; the telescopic member 3 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3 is arranged vertically; the drilling rig 2 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3; the drill bit 2 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drilling rig 2, the axis center line of the drill bit 2 is arranged vertically, the drill bit 2 can be located above the horizontal plane of the lower step, and the drill bit 2 can open a vertical circular hole on the horizontal plane of the lower step;

[0009] A splitting rod is connected to an external hydraulic power station through an oil pipe, and the splitting rod can be inserted into the vertical circular hole.

[0010] It can be known from the above technical scheme that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an excavation device for an inverted arch of a railway tunnel, wherein a semi-inner gear ring is connected to an inverted arch trestle, a telescopic member 1 is connected to a movable member, and the movable member can move along the circumferential direction of the semi-inner gear ring, thereby realizing the circumferential movement of a drilling rig 1 along the semi-inner gear ring, a drill bit 1 connected to the drilling rig 1 can accurately adjust the drilling position on the vertical surface of the lower step, and by designing the telescopic member 1, the drill bit 1 can smoothly drill a transverse circular hole on the vertical surface of the lower step; the telescopic member 2 is connected to the inverted arch trestle, and the telescopic member 3 is connected to the telescopic member 2. The telescopic ends are connected, and the drilling rig two is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic part three. This design ensures that the drill bit two can accurately adjust the drilling position, and the drill bit two can smoothly drill vertical circular holes on the horizontal plane of the lower step; the excavation device can simultaneously open horizontal circular holes and vertical circular holes on the lower step, and the drilling accuracy of the horizontal circular holes and the vertical circular holes is high, thereby ensuring that the lower step will not be over-excavated or under-excavated; by designing a splitting rod, the splitting rod is inserted into the vertical circular hole, the splitting rod can split the lower step into multiple pieces and move it out of the tunnel through a transport vehicle, and no dust will be generated when excavating the lower step.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an adjusting member 1, the adjusting member 1 includes a mounting seat 1, a screw rod 1, a slider 1 and a motor 1, the mounting seat 1 is fixed to both ends of the semi-inner gear ring at the same time; the screw rod 1 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 1, and the length direction of the screw rod 1 is the same as the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2; the slider 1 is provided with a threaded hole 1, the slider 1 is threadedly screwed with the screw rod 1, the mounting seat 1 is provided with two slide grooves, the groove length direction of the slide groove is the same as the rod length direction of the screw rod 1, the screw rod 1 is located between the two slide grooves, two sliding bars are integrally formed on the slider 1, the two sliding bars are slidably embedded in the two slide grooves respectively, the slider 1 is fixed to the inverted arch trestle; the motor 1 is fixed on the mounting seat 1, and the output shaft of the motor 1 is coaxially fixed with the screw rod. When the inverted arch trestle moves along the width direction of the tunnel, the semi-inner gear ring can always be arranged in the center of the tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes an adjusting member 2, which includes a mounting seat 2, a guide rod, a plug and a telescopic cylinder 1. The mounting seat 2 is connected to the inverted arch trestle, and the mounting seat 2 is provided with a through hole 1 and a through hole 2; the guide rod is slidably arranged in the through hole 1, and the length direction of the guide rod is the same as the length direction of the inverted arch trestle, one end of the guide rod is connected to the telescopic member 2, and the other end of the guide rod is fixed with the plug, and the outer contour diameter of the plug is larger than the aperture of the through hole 1; the telescopic cylinder 1 is fixed on the mounting seat 2, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 is connected to the telescopic member 2 after passing through the through hole 2, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 is the same as the length direction of the guide rod. The distance between the drill bit 2 and the vertical surface of the lower step is adjustable.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a telescopic cylinder 2, the telescopic cylinder 2 is fixed on the mounting seat 2, the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 2 is arranged vertically, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the inverted arch trestle. The distance between the mounting seat 2 and the horizontal plane of the lower step is adjustable.

[0014] Preferably, the transverse drilling assembly further comprises a telescopic member 4, the telescopic member 4 comprises a telescopic cylinder 3, a sleeve and an insertion rod, the telescopic cylinder 3 is fixed to the movable member, the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 3 is connected to the telescopic member 1; one end of the sleeve is fixed to the movable member, the insertion rod is slidably inserted inside the other end of the sleeve; the end of the insertion rod away from the sleeve is connected to the telescopic member 1. The drill bit 1 can reliably drill holes uniformly in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic member 1 includes a mounting frame 1, an optical axis 1, a screw rod 2, a motor 2 and a slider 2, the end of the insertion rod away from the sleeve and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 3 are both fixed to the mounting frame 1; both ends of the optical axis 1 are fixed to the mounting frame 1, and the length direction of the optical axis 1 is parallel to the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring; the screw rod 2 is rotatably supported on the mounting frame 1, and the length direction of the screw rod 2 is the same as the length direction of the optical axis 1; the motor 2 is fixed to the mounting frame 1, and the output shaft of the motor 2 is coaxially fixed with the screw rod 2; the slider 2 is provided with a sliding hole 1 and a threaded hole 2, the optical axis 1 is slidably penetrated in the sliding hole 1, the screw rod 2 is screwed in the threaded hole 2, and the drill 1 is fixedly connected to the slider 2. During the drilling process, the drill 1 can feed reliably.

[0016] Preferably, the telescopic member 2 includes a mounting frame 2, an optical axis 2, a slider 3, a driving machine 2, a gear 2 and a rack. The mounting frame 2 is fixed to one end of the guide rod and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 at the same time; both ends of the optical axis 2 are fixed to the mounting frame 2 at the same time, and the axis of the optical axis 2 is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rod; the slider 3 is provided with a sliding hole 2, and the optical axis 2 is slidably penetrated in the sliding hole 2; the mounting frame 2 is provided with a strip contact surface, which is arranged vertically and has the same length direction as the length direction of the optical axis 2; one end face of the slider 3 slides and tightly contacts the strip contact surface, and the telescopic member 3 is connected to the slider 3; the driving machine 2 is fixed to the slider 3; the gear 2 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the driving machine 2; the rack is fixed to the mounting frame 2, and the length direction of the rack is the same as the length direction of the optical axis 2, and the rack is meshed with the gear 2. The telescopic member 3 can move along the width direction of the tunnel.

[0017] Preferably, the telescopic member 3 includes a mounting frame 3, an optical axis 3, a screw rod 3, a motor 3 and a slider 4, wherein the mounting frame 3 is fixedly connected to the slider 3; both ends of the optical axis 3 are fixed to the mounting frame 3, and the axis center line of the optical axis 3 is arranged vertically; the mounting frame 3 is rotatably supported by the screw rod 3, and the length direction of the screw rod 3 is the same as the length direction of the optical axis 3; the motor 3 is fixed to the mounting frame 3, and the output shaft of the motor 3 is coaxially fixed to the screw rod 3; the slider 4 is provided with a sliding hole 3 and a threaded hole 3, the optical axis 3 is slidably penetrated in the sliding hole 3, the screw rod 3 is screwed in the threaded hole 3, and the drill 2 is fixedly connected to the slider 4. During the drilling process, the drill 2 can feed reliably.

[0018] Preferably, the two end walls of the semi-inner gear ring are coaxially integrally formed with a semi-ring, the two ends of the semi-ring are aligned with the two ends of the semi-inner gear ring, the movable part is provided with an arc groove penetrating the two end walls thereof, the arc center corresponding to the groove center line of the arc groove coincides with the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring, the two groove side walls of the arc groove are provided with an arc limiting groove penetrating the two end walls of the movable part, the arc center corresponding to the groove center line of the arc limiting groove coincides with the axis center line of the semi-ring, the semi-inner gear ring is slidably arranged in the arc groove, and the two semi-rings are slidably embedded in the two arc limiting grooves. The movable part can reliably move along the circumferential direction of the semi-inner gear ring.

[0019] A method for excavating a railway tunnel invert, using the above-mentioned excavation device for the railway tunnel invert, the method is as follows:

[0020] ① After the inverted arch trestle is arranged in place, the semi-inner gear ring and the telescopic member 2 are installed on the inverted arch trestle. In the initial state, there is a gap between the end of the drill bit 1 away from the drilling rig 1 and the vertical surface of the lower step, and there is a gap between the end of the drill bit 2 away from the drilling rig 2 and the horizontal surface of the lower step;

[0021] ② Start the driving machine 1 to adjust the position of the drill bit 1, and start the telescopic member 2 to adjust the position of the drill bit 2;

[0022] ③ After the positions of the drill bit 1 and the drill bit 2 are adjusted, the driving machine 1 and the telescopic member 2 are stopped, and the telescopic member 1, the drilling rig 1, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling rig 2 are started, and the drill bit 1 and the drill bit 2 respectively open the horizontal circular hole and the vertical circular hole on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step. After the drilling of the horizontal circular hole and the vertical circular hole is completed, the drill bit 1 and the drill bit 2 are respectively removed from the horizontal circular hole and the vertical circular hole;

[0023] ④ Repeat step ③, so that the drill bit 1 opens a plurality of the transverse circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step, the plurality of the transverse circular holes are sequentially arranged along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, and the center distance between each two adjacent transverse circular holes is smaller than the aperture of the transverse circular hole; so that the drill bit 2 opens a plurality of the vertical circular holes on the horizontal surface of the lower step, the plurality of the vertical circular holes are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the tunnel, and the plurality of the vertical circular holes are connected with the plurality of the transverse circular holes;

[0024] ⑤ Insert the splitting rod into the vertical circular hole, then start the splitting rod, the splitting rod splits the lower step into multiple pieces, and the lower step split into multiple pieces is transported out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

[0025] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for excavating an invert of a railway tunnel, which can achieve the following technical effects:

[0026] The above-mentioned excavation device can be used to drill transverse circular holes on the vertical surface of the lower step, and vertical circular holes can be drilled on the horizontal surface of the lower step. Since there are multiple transverse circular holes and they are interconnected, and the vertical circular holes are connected to the transverse circular holes, the splitting rod can reliably split the lower step into multiple pieces when it is in motion, thereby facilitating the transportation of the broken lower step out of the tunnel. The excavation method is simple and reliable, has high excavation accuracy, has no major safety risks during the excavation process, and does not affect the passage of vehicles in the tunnel and construction in other tunnels during the excavation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of an excavation device for an invert of a railway tunnel in a tunnel;

[0029] Figure 2 It is an overall axonometric diagram of an excavation device for a railway tunnel invert;

[0030] Figure 3 A partial axonometric view of an excavation device for a railway tunnel invert Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 A partial axonometric view of an excavation device for a railway tunnel invert Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5A partial axonometric view of an excavation device for a railway tunnel invert Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 6 A partial axonometric view of an excavation device for a railway tunnel invert Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 7 A partial axonometric view of an excavation device for a railway tunnel invert Figure 5 .

[0035] In the figure: 01 is the lower step, 010 is the horizontal circular hole, 011 is the vertical circular hole, 02 is the inverted arch trestle, 03 is the semi-inner gear ring, 030 is the semi-ring, 04 is the movable part, 040 is the arc groove, 041 is the arc limit groove, 05 is the gear 1, 06 is the driving machine 1, 07 is the mounting frame 1, 08 is the optical axis 1, 09 is the screw rod 2, 10 is the motor 2, 11 is the slider 2, 12 is the drilling machine 1, 13 is the drill bit 1, 14 is the telescopic cylinder 3, 15 is the casing, 16 is the plug rod, 17 is the mounting frame 2, 18 is the optical axis 2, 19 is a slider 3, 20 is a driving machine 2, 21 is a gear 2, 22 is a rack, 23 is a mounting frame 3, 24 is an optical axis 3, 25 is a screw rod 3, 26 is a motor 3, 27 is a slider 4, 28 is a drilling rig 2, 29 is a drill bit 2, 30 is a splitting rod, 31 is a mounting seat 1, 310 is a slide groove, 32 is a screw rod 1, 33 is a slider 1, 330 is a sliding bar, 34 is a motor 1, 35 is a mounting seat 2, 36 is a guide rod, 37 is a plug, 38 is a telescopic cylinder 1, 39 is a telescopic cylinder 2, and 40 is a controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention discloses an excavation device for an inverted arch of a railway tunnel and an excavation method thereof. A semi-inner gear ring 03 is connected to an inverted arch trestle 02, a telescopic member 1 is connected to a movable member 04, and the movable member 04 can move along the circumference of the semi-inner gear ring 03, thereby realizing the circumferential movement of a drilling machine 12 along the semi-inner gear ring 03. A drill bit 13 connected to the drilling machine 12 can accurately adjust the drilling position on the vertical surface of a lower step 01. By designing the telescopic member 1, the drill bit 13 can smoothly drill a horizontal circular hole 010 on the vertical surface of the lower step 01.

[0038] The telescopic member 2 is connected to the inverted trestle 02, the telescopic member 3 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, and the drilling machine 28 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3. This design ensures that the drill bit 29 can accurately adjust the drilling position, and the drill bit 29 can smoothly drill the vertical circular hole 011 on the horizontal surface of the lower step 01;

[0039] The excavation device can simultaneously open a horizontal circular hole 010 and a vertical circular hole 011 on the lower step 01, and the drilling accuracy of the horizontal circular hole 010 and the vertical circular hole 011 is high, thereby ensuring that the lower step 01 will not be over-excavated or under-excavated; by designing a splitting rod 30, the splitting rod 30 is inserted into the vertical circular hole 011, and the splitting rod 30 can split the lower step 01 into multiple pieces and move it out of the tunnel through a transport vehicle, so that no dust will be generated when the lower step 01 is excavated;

[0040] Since there are multiple transverse circular holes 010 and they are interconnected, and the vertical circular hole 011 is connected to the transverse circular hole 010, the splitting rod 30 can reliably split the lower step 01 into multiple pieces when it is in motion, so that the broken lower step 01 can be easily transported out of the tunnel. The excavation method of the lower step 01 is simple and reliable, with high excavation accuracy, no major safety risks during the excavation process, and no impact on the passing of vehicles in the tunnel or other construction in the tunnel during the excavation process;

[0041] The design of the semi-inner gear ring 03, the movable part 04, the gear 105 and the driving machine 106 in the transverse drilling assembly ensures that the telescopic part 1, the drilling machine 12 and the drill bit 13 can reliably move along the circumferential direction of the semi-inner gear ring 03, thereby realizing the precise position adjustment of the drill bit 13; the telescopic part 1 can drive the drill bit 13 to realize reliable feeding;

[0042] The telescopic member 2 can drive the telescopic member 3, the drilling machine 28 and the drill bit 29 to move along the width direction of the tunnel, thereby realizing the precise adjustment of the drill bit 29; the telescopic member 3 can drive the drill bit 29 to realize reliable feeding;

[0043] By designing the adjusting member 1, when the inverted arch trestle 02 moves along the width direction of the tunnel, the adjusting member 1 can also ensure that the axis line of the semi-inner gear ring 03 and the center line of the tunnel jointly define a vertical plane, that is, the semi-inner gear ring 03 can be arranged in the center along the width direction of the tunnel;

[0044] By designing the second adjusting member, the distance between the second drill bit 29 and the vertical surface of the lower step 01 can be adjusted to ensure that the horizontal circular hole 010 and the vertical circular hole 011 can be connected;

[0045] By designing the telescopic cylinder 2 39 , on the one hand, the distance between the mounting seat 2 35 and the horizontal plane of the lower step 01 can be adjusted, and on the other hand, when the inverted trestle 02 is installed unevenly, the mounting seat 2 35 can be leveled using the two telescopic cylinders 2 39 .

[0046] Embodiment: see attached Figure 1-7 The overall and partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention specifically discloses a railway tunnel invert excavation device, which excavates the lower step 01 of a tunnel constructed by the step method, and an invert trestle 02 is arranged in the tunnel. The device comprises:

[0047] The transverse drilling assembly comprises a semi-inner gear ring 03, a movable part 04, a gear 05, a driving machine 06, a telescopic part 1, a drilling machine 12 and a drill bit 13; the semi-inner gear ring 03 is located below the inverted arch bridge 02, both ends of the semi-inner gear ring 03 are connected to the inverted arch bridge 02, the axis of the semi-inner gear ring 03 is parallel to the length direction of the inverted arch bridge 02, the axis of the semi-inner gear ring 03 can define a vertical plane together with the center line of the tunnel, that is, along the width direction of the tunnel, the semi-inner gear ring 03 can be arranged in the center of the tunnel; the movable part 04 is slidably installed on the semi-inner gear ring 03, and the movable part 04 can slide along the circumference of the semi-inner gear ring 03; the gear 05 is rotatably installed on the movable part 04, and the gear 05 is meshed with the semi-inner gear ring 03; the driving machine 06 is fixed at On the movable part 04, the output shaft of the driving machine 06 is coaxially fixed with the gear 05, and the driving machine 06 drives the gear 05 to rotate, so that the movable part 04 can move along the circumferential direction of the semi-inner gear ring 03; the telescopic part 1 is installed on the movable part 04, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic part 1 is parallel to the axial center line of the semi-inner gear ring 03; the drilling machine 12 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic part 1, and the telescopic part 1 can drive the drilling machine 12 to move back and forth, thereby realizing the feeding of the drill bit 13; the drill bit 13 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drilling machine 12, and the axial center line of the drill bit 13 is parallel to the axial center line of the semi-inner gear ring 03, and the end of the drill bit 13 away from the drilling machine 12 can abut against the vertical surface of the lower step 01, and the drill bit 13 can open a horizontal circular hole 010 on the vertical surface of the lower step 01;

[0048] A vertical drilling assembly, which includes a telescopic member 2, a telescopic member 3, a drilling rig 28 and a drill bit 29; the telescopic member 2 is connected to the inverted arch trestle 02, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2 is the same as the width direction of the inverted arch trestle 02; the telescopic member 3 is connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3 is arranged vertically, and the telescopic member 2 can drive the telescopic member 3 to move along the width direction of the tunnel; the drilling rig 28 is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3, and the telescopic member 3 can drive the drilling rig 28 to move vertically, thereby realizing the feeding of the drill bit 29; the drill bit 29 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drilling rig 28, and the axis center line of the drill bit 29 is arranged vertically, and the drill bit 29 can be located above the horizontal plane of the lower step 01, and the drill bit 29 can open a vertical circular hole 011 on the horizontal plane of the lower step 01;

[0049] A splitting rod 30, which is connected to an external hydraulic power station through an oil pipe. The splitting rod 30 can be inserted into the vertical circular hole 011. The splitting rod 30 is a prior art. When the splitting rod 30 is working, it can split the lower step 01 into multiple pieces, so that the transport vehicle can transport the broken lower step 01 out of the tunnel;

[0050] Controller 40, controller 40 is fixed on mounting base 1 31, controller 40 can control the actions of driving machine 1 06, telescopic member 1, drilling machine 1 12, telescopic member 2, telescopic member 3 and drilling machine 2 28, position adjustment of drill bit 1 13 and drill bit 2 29 and drilling process do not require manual adjustment and have high drilling accuracy.

[0051] More specifically, it also includes an adjusting member 1, which includes a mounting seat 131, a screw rod 132, a slider 133 and a motor 134; the mounting seat 131 is fixed to both ends of the semi-inner gear ring 03; the screw rod 132 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 131, and the length direction of the screw rod 132 is the same as the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2; a threaded hole 1 is provided on the slider 133, and the slider 133 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 132, and two slide grooves 310 are provided on the mounting seat 131, and the groove length direction of the slide groove 310 is the same as the rod length direction of the screw rod 132, and the screw rod 132 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 132. The rod 32 is located between the two slide grooves 310, and two sliding bars 330 are integrally formed on the slider 33. The two sliding bars 330 are respectively slidably embedded in the two slide grooves 310, and the slider 33 is fixed to the inverted arch trestle 02; the motor 34 is fixed on the mounting seat 31, the motor 34 is electrically connected to the controller 40, and the output shaft of the motor 34 is coaxially fixed with the screw rod 32; the motor 34 can drive the screw rod 32 to rotate, and when the screw rod 32 rotates, it can drive the slider 33 to slide, that is, the slider 33 can reciprocate along the length direction of the screw rod 32;

[0052] Since the slider 33 is fixed to the inverted arch trestle 02, when the motor 34 rotates, the semi-inner gear ring 03 can move left and right relative to the inverted arch trestle 02; the purpose of this design is that the width of the inverted arch trestle 02 is smaller than the width of the tunnel. When the inverted arch trestle 02 needs to be moved left and right due to construction or other reasons, in order to ensure that the axis line of the semi-inner gear ring 03 and the center line of the tunnel jointly define a vertical plane, the relative movement between the semi-inner gear ring 03 and the inverted arch trestle 02 can be achieved by adjusting the first adjustment member to ensure that the semi-inner gear ring 03 is centrally arranged in the tunnel along the width direction of the tunnel; the above design ensures that the drill bit 29 can reliably open the transverse circular hole 010 on the vertical surface of the lower step 01, and the drilling accuracy of the transverse circular hole 010 is high.

[0053] More specifically, it also includes an adjusting member 2, which includes a mounting seat 2 35, a guide rod 36, a plug 37 and a telescopic cylinder 1 38; the mounting seat 2 35 is connected to the inverted arch trestle 02, and a through hole 1 and a through hole 2 are provided on the mounting seat 2 35; the guide rod 36 is slidably arranged in the through hole 1, and the length direction of the guide rod 36 is the same as the length direction of the inverted arch trestle 02, one end of the guide rod 36 is connected to the telescopic member 2, and the other end of the guide rod 36 is fixed with a plug 37, and the outer contour diameter of the plug 37 is larger than the aperture of the through hole 1; the telescopic cylinder 1 38 is fixed on the mounting seat 2 35, and the telescopic cylinder 1 38 is electrically connected to the controller 40, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 38 is connected to the telescopic member 2 after passing through the through hole 2, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 38 is the same as the length direction of the guide rod 36;

[0054] The telescopic cylinder 1 38 can drive the telescopic part 2 to move along the length direction of the inverted arch trestle 02, thereby realizing the movement of the drill bit 29 along the length direction of the inverted arch trestle 02. This design can adjust the distance between the drill bit 29 and the vertical surface of the lower step 01, ensuring that the vertical circular hole 011 can be connected with the horizontal circular hole 010; the guide rod 36 plays a guiding role, ensuring that the telescopic cylinder 1 38 drives the telescopic part 2 to move stably.

[0055] To be more specific, it also includes a telescopic cylinder 39, which is fixed on the mounting seat 35, the telescopic cylinder 39 is electrically connected to the controller 40, the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 39 is arranged vertically, the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 39 is fixedly connected to the inverted arch trestle 02, and there are two telescopic cylinders 39 in the present application, and the semi-inner gear ring 03 is centrally arranged between the two telescopic cylinders 39; by designing the telescopic cylinder 39, on the one hand, the distance between the mounting seat 35 and the horizontal plane of the lower step 01 can be adjusted, and on the other hand, when the inverted arch trestle 02 is unevenly installed, the two telescopic cylinders 39 can be used to achieve leveling of the mounting seat 35.

[0056] To be more specific, the transverse drilling assembly also includes a telescopic part four, which includes a telescopic cylinder three 14, a sleeve 15 and an insertion rod 16. The telescopic cylinder three 14 is fixed to the movable part 04, and the telescopic cylinder three 14 is electrically connected to the controller 40. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder three 14 is connected to the telescopic part one; one end of the sleeve 15 is fixed to the movable part 04, and the insertion rod 16 is slidably inserted inside the other end of the sleeve 15; the end of the insertion rod 16 away from the sleeve 15 is connected to the telescopic part one; when the drilling rig 12 moves along the circumferential direction of the semi-inner gear ring 03, since the inner contour of the tunnel invert is arc-shaped but not a standard circular arc shape, by designing the telescopic part four, it can be ensured that the drill bit 13 can reliably and evenly drill holes in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, that is, it is ensured that the distances between the multiple transverse circular holes 010 and the contour of the tunnel invert are the same; the sleeve 15 and the insertion rod 16 mainly play a guiding role, ensuring that the telescopic cylinder three 14 can drive the telescopic part one to move reliably.

[0057] The telescopic member 1 includes a mounting frame 107, an optical axis 108, a screw rod 209, a motor 210 and a slider 211. The end of the plug rod 16 away from the sleeve 15 and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 3 14 are fixed to the mounting frame 107; both ends of the optical axis 108 are fixed to the mounting frame 107, and the length direction of the optical axis 108 is parallel to the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring 03; the mounting frame 107 is rotatably supported by a screw rod 209, and the length direction of the screw rod 209 is parallel to the axis center line of the optical axis 108. The length direction is the same; the motor 10 is fixed on the mounting frame 107, and the output shaft of the motor 10 is coaxially fixed with the screw rod 209; the slider 11 is provided with a sliding hole 1 and a threaded hole 2, an optical axis 108 is slidably passed through the sliding hole 1, and a screw rod 209 is rotatably arranged in the threaded hole 2, and the drilling rig 12 is fixedly connected to the slider 11; the motor 10 can drive the screw rod 209 to rotate, and when the screw rod 209 rotates, it can drive the slider 11 to move, and then drive the drilling rig 12 to move.

[0058] The telescopic member 2 includes a mounting frame 2 17, an optical axis 2 18, a slider 3 19, a driving machine 20, a gear 21 and a rack 22. The mounting frame 2 17 is fixed to one end of the guide rod 36 and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 38 at the same time; both ends of the optical axis 2 18 are fixed to the mounting frame 2 17 at the same time, and the axis of the optical axis 2 18 is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rod 36; the slider 3 19 is provided with a sliding hole 2, and the optical axis 2 18 is slidably penetrated in the sliding hole 2, and the mounting frame 2 17 is provided with a strip contact surface, which is arranged vertically and has the same length direction as the length direction of the optical axis 2 18. The slider 3 1 One end face of 9 slides tightly against the strip contact surface, and the telescopic member three is connected to the slider three 19; the driving machine two 20 is fixed on the slider three 19; the gear two 21 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the driving machine two 20; the rack 22 is fixed on the mounting frame two 17, and the length direction of the rack 22 is the same as the length direction of the optical axis two 18, and the rack 22 is meshed with the gear two 21; the driving machine two 20 can drive the gear two 21 to rotate, and the gear two 21 is meshed with the rack 22, so the slider three 19 fixed to the driving machine two 20 can move along the length direction of the rack 22, thereby realizing the movement of the telescopic member three along the width direction of the tunnel.

[0059] Telescopic member three includes mounting frame three 23, optical axis three 24, screw rod three 25, motor three 26 and slider four 27, mounting frame three 23 is fixedly connected to slider three 19; both ends of optical axis three 24 are fixed on mounting frame three 23, and the axis center line of optical axis three 24 is arranged vertically; screw rod three 25 is rotatably supported on mounting frame three 23, and the length direction of screw rod three 25 is the same as the length direction of optical axis three 24; motor three 26 is fixed on mounting frame three 23, and the output shaft of motor three 26 is coaxially fixed with screw rod three 25; slider four 27 is provided with sliding hole three and threaded hole three, optical axis three 24 is slidably penetrated in sliding hole three, screw rod three 25 is rotatably arranged in threaded hole three, and drilling rig two 28 is fixedly connected to slider four 27; motor three 26 can drive screw rod three 25 to rotate, and when screw rod three 25 rotates, it can drive slider four 27 to move, thereby realizing the movement of drilling rig two 28.

[0060] The two end walls of the semi-inner gear ring 03 are each coaxially integrally formed with a semi-ring 030, and the two ends of the semi-ring 030 are respectively aligned with the two ends of the semi-inner gear ring 03. An arc groove 040 is provided on the movable part 04 to pass through its two end walls, and the arc center corresponding to the groove center line of the arc groove 040 coincides with the axial center line of the semi-inner gear ring 03. The two groove side walls of the arc groove 040 are provided with an arc limiting groove 041 that passes through the two end walls of the movable part 04, and the arc center corresponding to the groove center line of the arc limiting groove 041 coincides with the axial center line of the semi-ring 030. The semi-inner gear ring 03 is slidably arranged in the arc groove 040, and the two semi-rings 030 are respectively slidably embedded in the two arc limiting grooves 041; the movable part 04 can reliably move along the circumferential direction of the semi-inner gear ring 03.

[0061] A method for excavating an invert of a railway tunnel, the method being as follows:

[0062] ① After the inverted arch trestle 02 is arranged in place, the semi-inner gear ring 03 and the telescopic member 2 are installed on the inverted arch trestle 02. In the initial state, there is a gap between the end of the drill bit 13 away from the drilling rig 12 and the vertical surface of the lower step 01, and there is a gap between the end of the drill bit 29 away from the drilling rig 28 and the horizontal surface of the lower step 01;

[0063] ② Start the driving machine 06 to adjust the position of the drill bit 13, and start the telescopic member 2 to adjust the position of the drill bit 29;

[0064] ③ After the positions of the drill bit 13 and the drill bit 29 are adjusted, the driving machine 106 and the telescopic member 2 are stopped, and the telescopic member 1, the drilling machine 12, the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 28 are started. The drill bit 13 and the drill bit 29 respectively open the horizontal circular hole 010 and the vertical circular hole 011 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step 01. After the drilling of the horizontal circular hole 010 and the vertical circular hole 011 is completed, the drill bit 13 and the drill bit 29 are respectively removed from the horizontal circular hole 010 and the vertical circular hole 011;

[0065] ④ Repeat step ③, so that the drill bit 13 is provided with a plurality of transverse circular holes 010 on the vertical surface of the lower step 01, the plurality of transverse circular holes 010 are arranged in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, and the center distance between each two adjacent transverse circular holes 010 is less than the aperture of the transverse circular hole 010, that is, the plurality of transverse circular holes 010 are connected to each other; the drill bit 29 is provided with a plurality of vertical circular holes 011 on the horizontal surface of the lower step 01, the plurality of vertical circular holes 011 can be arranged in sequence into a plurality of rows along the length direction of the tunnel, each row includes a plurality of vertical circular holes 011, and the plurality of vertical circular holes 011 in each row are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tunnel, and the plurality of vertical circular holes 011 are connected to the plurality of transverse circular holes 010;

[0066] ⑤ Insert the splitting rod 30 into the vertical circular hole 011, and then start the splitting rod 30, so that the splitting rod 30 splits the lower step 01 into multiple pieces, and the split lower step 01 is transported out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

[0067] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0068] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A railway tunnel invert excavation device for excavating a lower step (01) of a tunnel constructed by a step method, wherein an invert trestle (02) is arranged in the tunnel, characterized in that: include: A transverse drilling assembly, the transverse drilling assembly comprising a semi-inner gear ring (03), a movable part (04), a gear (05), a driving machine (06), a telescopic part, a drilling machine (12) and a drill bit (13), wherein the semi-inner gear ring (03) is located below the inverted arch bridge (02), both ends of the semi-inner gear ring (03) are connected to the inverted arch bridge (02), the axis of the semi-inner gear ring (03) is parallel to the length direction of the inverted arch bridge (02), and the axis of the semi-inner gear ring (03) can define a vertical plane together with the center line of the tunnel; the movable part (04) is slidably mounted on the semi-inner gear ring (03), and the movable part (04) can slide along the circumference of the semi-inner gear ring (03); the gear (05) is rotatably mounted on the movable part (04), and the gear (05) ) is meshed with the semi-inner gear ring (03); the driving machine 1 (06) is fixed on the movable part (04), and the output shaft of the driving machine 1 (06) is coaxially fixed with the gear 1 (05); the telescopic part 1 is installed on the movable part (04), and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic part 1 is parallel to the axis of the semi-inner gear ring (03); the drilling machine 1 (12) is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic part 1; the drill bit 1 (13) is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drilling machine 1 (12), and the axis of the drill bit 1 (13) is parallel to the axis of the semi-inner gear ring (03), and the end of the drill bit 1 (13) away from the drilling machine 1 (12) can abut against the vertical surface of the lower step (01), and the drill bit 1 (13) can open a transverse circular hole (010) on the vertical surface of the lower step (01); A vertical drilling assembly, the vertical drilling assembly comprising a telescopic member 2, a telescopic member 3, a drilling rig 2 (28) and a drill bit 2 (29), the telescopic member 2 being connected to the inverted arch trestle (02), the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2 being the same as the width direction of the inverted arch trestle (02); the telescopic member 3 being connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2, the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3 being arranged vertically; the drilling rig 2 (28) being mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic member 3; the drill bit 2 (29) being coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the drilling rig 2 (28), the axis of the drill bit 2 (29) being arranged vertically, the drill bit 2 (29) being able to be located above the horizontal plane of the lower step (01), and the drill bit 2 (29) being able to open a vertical circular hole (011) on the horizontal plane of the lower step (01); A splitting rod (30), wherein the splitting rod (30) is connected to an external hydraulic power station via an oil pipe, and the splitting rod (30) can be inserted into the vertical circular hole (011).

2. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an adjusting member 1, wherein the adjusting member 1 comprises a mounting seat 1 (31), a screw rod 1 (32), a slider 1 (33) and a motor 1 (34); the mounting seat 1 (31) is fixed to both ends of the semi-inner gear ring (03); the screw rod 1 (32) is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 1 (31); the length direction of the screw rod 1 (32) is the same as the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic member 2; a threaded hole 1 is provided on the slider 1 (33); the slider 1 (33) is threadedly connected to the screw rod 1 (32); and two slide grooves are provided on the mounting seat 1 (31). (310), the groove length direction of the slide groove (310) is the same as the rod length direction of the screw rod one (32), the screw rod one (32) is located between the two slide grooves (310), two sliding bars (330) are integrally formed on the slider one (33), the two sliding bars (330) are respectively slidably embedded in the two slide grooves (310), the slider one (33) is fixed to the inverted arch trestle (02); the motor one (34) is fixed on the mounting seat one (31), and the output shaft of the motor one (34) is coaxially fixed with the screw rod one (32).

3. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an adjusting member 2, the adjusting member 2 comprising a mounting seat 2 (35), a guide rod (36), a plug (37) and a telescopic cylinder 1 (38). The mounting seat 2 (35) is connected to the inverted arch trestle (02), and a through hole 1 and a through hole 2 are provided on the mounting seat 2 (35); the guide rod (36) is slidably arranged in the through hole 1, and the length direction of the guide rod (36) is the same as the length direction of the inverted arch trestle (02); one end of the guide rod (36) is connected to the telescopic member 2, and the plug (37) is fixed to the other end of the guide rod (36), and the outer contour diameter of the plug (37) is larger than the aperture of the through hole 1; the telescopic cylinder 1 (38) is fixed to the mounting seat 2 (35), and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 (38) is connected to the telescopic member 2 after passing through the through hole 2, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 (38) is the same as the length direction of the guide rod (36).

4. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a second telescopic cylinder (39), the second telescopic cylinder (39) is fixed on the second mounting seat (35), the telescopic direction of the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder (39) is arranged vertically, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic cylinder (39) is fixedly connected to the inverted arch trestle (02).

5. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse drilling assembly also includes a telescopic part four, and the telescopic part four includes a telescopic cylinder three (14), a sleeve (15) and an insertion rod (16). The telescopic cylinder three (14) is fixed to the movable part (04), and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder three (14) is connected to the telescopic part one; one end of the sleeve (15) is fixed to the movable part (04), and the insertion rod (16) is slidably inserted into the inner side of the other end of the sleeve (15); and the end of the insertion rod (16) away from the sleeve (15) is connected to the telescopic part one.

6. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic member 1 comprises a mounting frame 1 (07), an optical axis 1 (08), a screw rod 2 (09), a motor 2 (10) and a slider 2 (11); the end of the insertion rod (16) away from the sleeve (15) and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 3 (14) are both fixed to the mounting frame 1 (07); both ends of the optical axis 1 (08) are fixed to the mounting frame 1 (07); the length direction of the optical axis 1 (08) is parallel to the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring (03); the rotating support on the mounting frame 1 (07) is The second screw rod (09) has a length direction that is the same as the length direction of the first optical axis (08); the second motor (10) is fixed on the first mounting frame (07), and the output shaft of the second motor (10) is coaxially fixed with the second screw rod (09); the second slider (11) is provided with a sliding hole (1) and a threaded hole (2), the first sliding hole slidably penetrates the first optical axis (08), and the second screw rod (09) is screwed into the second threaded hole; the first drilling machine (12) is fixedly connected to the second slider (11).

7. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic member 2 comprises a mounting frame 2 (17), an optical axis 2 (18), a slider 3 (19), a driving machine 2 (20), a gear 2 (21) and a rack (22); the mounting frame 2 (17) is fixed to one end of the guide rod (36) and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1 (38); both ends of the optical axis 2 (18) are fixed to the mounting frame 2 (17); the axis of the optical axis 2 (18) is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rod (36); the slider 3 (19) is provided with a sliding hole 2, the optical axis 2 (18) is slidably penetrated in the sliding hole 2, and the mounting frame 2 (17) is provided with a There is a strip contact surface, the strip contact surface is arranged vertically and its length direction is the same as the length direction of the optical axis 2 (18), one end surface of the slider 3 (19) is slidably and tightly attached to the strip contact surface, and the telescopic member 3 is connected to the slider 3 (19); the driving machine 2 (20) is fixed on the slider 3 (19); the gear 2 (21) is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the driving machine 2 (20); the rack (22) is fixed on the mounting frame 2 (17), the length direction of the rack (22) is the same as the length direction of the optical axis 2 (18), and the rack (22) is meshed with the gear 2 (21).

8. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 7, characterized in that: The telescopic member 3 comprises a mounting frame 3 (23), an optical axis 3 (24), a screw rod 3 (25), a motor 3 (26) and a slider 4 (27); the mounting frame 3 (23) is fixedly connected to the slider 3 (19); both ends of the optical axis 3 (24) are fixed on the mounting frame 3 (23), and the axis of the optical axis 3 (24) is arranged vertically; the screw rod 3 (25) is rotatably supported on the mounting frame 3 (23), and the length of the screw rod 3 (25) is The direction is the same as the length direction of the optical axis three (24); the motor three (26) is fixed on the mounting frame three (23), and the output shaft of the motor three (26) is coaxially fixed with the screw rod three (25); the slider four (27) is provided with a sliding hole three and a threaded hole three, the optical axis three (24) is slidably passed through the sliding hole three, and the screw rod three (25) is screwed in the threaded hole three, and the drilling machine two (28) is fixedly connected to the slider four (27).

9. The excavation device for railway tunnel invert according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two end walls of the semi-inner gear ring (03) are each coaxially integrally formed with a semi-ring (030), the two ends of the semi-ring (030) are respectively aligned with the two ends of the semi-inner gear ring (03), an arc groove (040) penetrating the two end walls thereof is provided on the movable part (04), the arc center corresponding to the groove center line of the arc groove (040) coincides with the axis center line of the semi-inner gear ring (03), the two groove side walls of the arc groove (040) are provided with an arc limiting groove (041) penetrating the two end walls of the movable part (04), the arc center corresponding to the groove center line of the arc limiting groove (041) coincides with the axis center line of the semi-ring (030), the semi-inner gear ring (03) is slidably arranged in the arc groove (040), and the two semi-rings (030) are each slidably embedded in the two arc limiting grooves (041).

10. A method for excavating an invert of a railway tunnel, characterized in that: Using the railway tunnel invert excavation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method is as follows: ① After the inverted arch trestle (02) is arranged in place, the semi-inner gear ring (03) and the telescopic member 2 are installed on the inverted arch trestle (02). In an initial state, an end of the drill bit 1 (13) away from the drilling rig 1 (12) has a gap with the vertical surface of the lower step (01), and an end of the drill bit 2 (29) away from the drilling rig 2 (28) has a gap with the horizontal surface of the lower step (01); ② Start the driving machine 1 (06) to adjust the position of the drill bit 1 (13), and start the telescopic member 2 to adjust the position of the drill bit 2 (29); ③ After the positions of the drill bit 1 (13) and the drill bit 2 (29) are adjusted, the driving machine 1 (06) and the telescopic member 2 are stopped, and the telescopic member 1, the drilling machine 1 (12), the telescopic member 2 and the drilling machine 2 (28) are started. The drill bit 1 (13) and the drill bit 2 (29) respectively open the transverse circular hole (010) and the vertical circular hole (011) on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface of the lower step (01). After the drilling of the transverse circular hole (010) and the vertical circular hole (011) is completed, the drill bit 1 (13) and the drill bit 2 (29) are respectively removed from the transverse circular hole (010) and the vertical circular hole (011); ④ Repeat step ③, so that the drill bit 1 (13) is provided with a plurality of the transverse circular holes (010) on the vertical surface of the lower step (01), the plurality of the transverse circular holes (010) are arranged in sequence along the inner contour of the tunnel invert, and the center distance between each two adjacent transverse circular holes (010) is smaller than the aperture of the transverse circular hole (010); so that the drill bit 2 (29) is provided with a plurality of the vertical circular holes (011) on the horizontal surface of the lower step (01), the plurality of the vertical circular holes (011) are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the tunnel, and the plurality of the vertical circular holes (011) are connected with the plurality of the transverse circular holes (010); ⑤ Inserting the splitting rod (30) into the vertical circular hole (011), and then starting the splitting rod (30), so that the splitting rod (30) splits the lower step (01) into multiple pieces, and the split lower step (01) is transported out of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

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