Needle coke calcining device

Abstract

The invention discloses a needle coke calcining device and relates to the technical field of needle coke calcining, the needle coke calcining device comprises a low-temperature zone peripheral wall and a high-temperature zone peripheral wall, the bottom of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall is connected with the upper end of the high-temperature zone peripheral wall, a furnace top cover plate is buckled on the top of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall, and flame paths are built in the front, middle and rear positions of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall respectively; two preheating areas are formed among the front flame path, the middle flame path and the rear flame path, a firing area is formed on the peripheral wall of the high-temperature area corresponding to the lower parts of the preheating areas, and electrodes are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the left side wall and the right side wall of the firing area; on the basis of an original traditional calcining furnace, a conductive electrode is arranged in a high-temperature calcining area, the high-temperature calcining process is completed through heat generated by resistance heating of materials, meanwhile, the masonry structure form of the high-temperature area is optimized, and the temperature of a furnace wall is reduced in an air cooling mode; the problems of serious deformation and collapse of masonry in a high-temperature area of a traditional calcining furnace are solved, and the service life of the furnace is effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of needle coke calcining, in particular to a needle coke calcining device. Background Art

[0002] The calcined needle coke products are mainly used as raw materials for producing high-quality lithium battery negative electrodes, ultra-high power graphite electrodes and other high-quality carbon and graphite products.

[0003] At present, the calcination of needle coke mainly adopts two kinds of equipment: rotary kiln and calcining furnace. Since the rotary kiln directly heats the material, the carbon loss is large, resulting in low actual yield, low product true density, unstable indicators, and high equipment operation costs. Although the traditional pot calcining furnace is used to calcine needle coke, it solves the problem of carbon loss to a certain extent, but because the calcination temperature is close to the softening temperature of silica bricks, the furnace life is too short, the material box is severely deformed during production, the fire channel collapses, and the maintenance cost of the furnace is too high. Therefore, a needle coke calcining device that can solve the above problems is urgently needed to be developed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a needle coke calcining device. On the basis of the original traditional calcining furnace, a conductive electrode is arranged in the high-temperature calcining area, and the heat generated by the material's own resistance heat is used to complete the high-temperature calcination process. At the same time, the masonry structure of the high-temperature zone is optimized, and the furnace wall temperature is reduced by air cooling, which solves the serious problems of deformation and collapse of the masonry in the high-temperature zone of the traditional calcining furnace, effectively prolongs the service life of the furnace, and overcomes the biggest drawback of the traditional furnace for calcining needle coke.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a needle coke calcining device, comprising a low-temperature zone peripheral wall and a high-temperature zone peripheral wall, the bottom of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall is connected to the upper end of the high-temperature zone peripheral wall, and a furnace top cover plate is buckled on the top, fire channels are respectively laid at the front, middle and rear positions of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall, and two preheating zones are formed between the front, middle and rear fire channels, a firing zone is formed below the high-temperature zone peripheral wall corresponding to the preheating zone, and electrodes are respectively arranged at the positions corresponding to the left and right side walls of the firing zone, and the electrodes are connected to an external power supply system, a discharge hopper is connected to the lower end of the high-temperature zone peripheral wall, and a valve is arranged on the discharge hopper, an air interface is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall corresponding to the fire channel, and the air interface is connected to the external air supply system, an escape channel connected to the preheating zone is arranged at the inner wall of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall corresponding to the top of the fire channel, a plurality of ventilation holes are opened in the high-temperature zone peripheral wall along the front and rear directions of the furnace, and the ventilation holes are connected to the external air cooling system, and a charging bin is arranged at the position of each preheating zone on the furnace top cover plate.

[0006] Preferably, a middle partition wall is provided at the center of each preheating zone, and two ends of the middle partition wall are respectively fixedly connected to the center positions of two adjacent fire channels.

[0007] Preferably, the fire channel is designed to be multi-layered and connected up and down through an escape channel.

[0008] Preferably, a water jacket is provided between the lower end of the peripheral wall of the high temperature zone and the discharge hopper, and the water jacket is connected to an external water cooling system.

[0009] Preferably, the peripheral wall of the low temperature zone is made of silicon bricks.

[0010] Preferably, the furnace roof cover plate is prefabricated with refractory castables.

[0011] The present invention provides a needle coke calcining device, which has the following beneficial effects: On the basis of the original traditional calcining furnace, the present invention sets a conductive electrode in the high-temperature calcining area, utilizes the material's own resistance heating to generate heat to complete the high-temperature calcining process, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid high-temperature calcination, and at the same time optimizes the masonry structure of the high-temperature zone, reduces the furnace wall temperature by air cooling, solves the serious problems of deformation and collapse of the masonry in the high-temperature zone of the traditional calcining furnace, effectively prolongs the service life of the furnace, and overcomes the biggest drawback of the traditional furnace calcining needle coke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of a needle coke calcining device of the present invention at the preheating zone; Figure 2 It is a left-side cross-sectional view of a needle coke calcining device of the present invention at the preheating zone; Figure 3 It is a top view of the cross-section of the preheating zone of a needle coke calcining device of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 1. Charging bin; 2. Furnace top cover; 3. Escape channel; 4. Material; 5. Middle partition wall; 6. Low-temperature zone peripheral wall; 7. High-temperature zone peripheral wall; 8. Electrode; 9. Water jacket; 10. Discharge hopper; 11. Air interface; 12. Fire channel; 13. Preheating zone; 14. Ventilation hole; 15. Firing zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] like Figure 1-3As shown, a needle coke calcining device comprises a low-temperature zone peripheral wall 6 and a high-temperature zone peripheral wall 7, wherein the bottom of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall 6 is connected to the upper end of the high-temperature zone peripheral wall 7, and a furnace roof cover plate 2 is buckled on the top, and fire channels 12 are respectively laid at the front, middle and rear positions of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall 6, and two preheating zones 13 are formed between the front, middle and rear fire channels 12, and a firing zone 15 is formed below the high-temperature zone peripheral wall 7 corresponding to the preheating zone 13, and electrodes 8 are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the left and right side walls of the firing zone 15, and the electrodes 8 are connected to an external power supply system, and the lower end of the high-temperature zone peripheral wall 7 is connected to a discharge hopper 10, and a valve is arranged on the discharge hopper 10, and an air interface 11 is opened at a position corresponding to the fire channel 12 at the bottom of the outer wall of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall 6, and the air interface 11 is connected to an external air supply system, An escape channel 3 connected to the preheating zone 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall 6 corresponding to the top position of the fire channel 12, a plurality of ventilation holes 14 are opened in the high-temperature zone peripheral wall 7 along the front-rear direction of the furnace, the ventilation holes 14 are connected to the external air cooling system, and a charging bin 1 is arranged on the furnace top cover plate 2 corresponding to the position of each preheating zone 13; an intermediate partition wall 5 is arranged at the center of each preheating zone 13, and the two ends of the intermediate partition wall 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the center positions of two adjacent fire channels 12; the fire channel 12 is designed to be multi-layered and connected up and down through the escape channel 3; a water jacket 9 is arranged between the lower end of the high-temperature zone peripheral wall 7 and the discharge hopper 10, and the water jacket 9 is connected to the external water cooling system; the low-temperature zone peripheral wall 6 is made of silicon bricks; and the furnace top cover plate 2 is prefabricated with refractory castables.

[0016] The detailed connection means are well-known in the art. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, which are as follows: According to the instruction manual Figure 1-3It can be seen that the present invention is divided into two heating zones, one is the preheating zone 13 formed by the low temperature zone surrounding wall 6, and the other is the firing zone 15 formed by the high temperature zone surrounding wall 7. During operation, the material 4 enters through the charging bin 1 on the furnace top cover plate 2, and falls into the preheating zone 13 by gravity. During the preheating process, the volatile matter generated by the material 4 enters the fire channel 12 through the escape channel 3. The volatile matter in the fire channel 12 is mixed with the air entering from the air interface 11 and then burns to release heat, which is conducted to the material 4 through the low temperature zone surrounding wall 6, and heat exchange is performed with the material 4 to complete the preheating process of the material 4. The air here can be provided by connecting to an external air supply system, or by natural aspiration. The fire channel 12 here is located at the front, middle, and rear positions of the low temperature zone surrounding wall 6, and two preheating zones 13 are formed between the fire channels 12, so as to increase the heating area of ​​the preheating zone 13 and improve the preheating effect. The preheating zone 13 generally heats the material 4 to a maximum of 1250°C. At this temperature, the stability and long life of the upper furnace structure can be guaranteed. After preheating, the material 4 descends into the sintering zone 15. An electrode 8 is provided on the left and right side walls of the sintering zone 15. The electrode 8 can be a conductive graphite electrode 8. The electrode 8 is connected to an external power supply system. A direct current flows through the material 4 from one electrode 8 and then flows out from the other electrode 8. The material 4 is heated by its own resistance to complete the final calcination temperature rise process, reaching a final calcination temperature of 1500-1600°C, and completing rapid heating and calcination of the material 4. During production, the power supply and calcination temperature are adjusted by adjusting the voltage parameters of the external power supply system, and the entire process can be automatically controlled. Since the average temperature of the high temperature zone surrounding wall 7 also increases, it is difficult to ensure the service life of the masonry. Therefore, multiple rows of through ventilation holes 14 are set in the high temperature zone surrounding wall 7 in the furnace width direction. On the basis of ensuring the stability of the wall, 8 groups of ventilation holes 14 are generally set. The ventilation holes 14 are blown by the external air cooling system. Under the action of temperature difference, cold air flows through the ventilation holes 14, taking away part of the heat of the high temperature zone surrounding wall 7, reducing the working temperature of the high temperature zone surrounding wall 7 and forming an internal and external temperature gradient, thereby extending the life of the furnace body. After completing high temperature calcination, the material 4 continues to descend through the discharge hopper 10 to enter the next process. The discharge hopper 10 is provided with a valve to control the discharge. Based on the original traditional calcining furnace, the present invention sets a conductive electrode 8 in the high-temperature calcining area, uses the material 4's own resistance heating to generate heat to complete the high-temperature calcining process, and achieves the purpose of rapid high-temperature calcination. At the same time, the masonry structure of the high-temperature zone is optimized, and the furnace wall temperature is reduced by air cooling, which solves the serious problems of masonry deformation and collapse in the high-temperature zone of the traditional calcining furnace, effectively prolongs the service life of the furnace, and overcomes the biggest drawback of the traditional furnace calcining needle coke. The two heating zones of the preheating zone 13 and the sintering zone 15 strive to achieve the purpose of maximizing heat utilization and minimizing the burning loss of the material 4.

[0017] Among them, a middle partition wall 5 is set in the center of each preheating zone 13, and the two ends of the middle partition wall 5 are fixedly connected to the center positions of two adjacent fire channels 12, that is, each preheating zone 13 is divided into two, the purpose is to ensure the overall strength of the preheating zone 13 and extend the service life of the furnace body.

[0018] The fire channel 12 is designed to be multi-layered and connected up and down through the escape channel 3 to increase the effect of heat conduction and ensure the overall strength of the fire channel 12.

[0019] A water jacket 9 is provided between the lower end of the high temperature zone peripheral wall 7 and the discharge hopper 10 , and the water jacket 9 is connected to an external water cooling system. After the material 4 is cooled to a suitable furnace discharge temperature, it is discharged through the discharge hopper 10 .

[0020] The low temperature zone peripheral wall 6 is made of silica bricks, which have good thermal conductivity and good thermal shock stability.

[0021] The furnace top cover plate 2 is prefabricated with refractory castables and mainly bears the load of the furnace surface.

[0022] The external power supply system, external air supply system connection, external air cooling system connection and external water cooling system in the present invention are all prior art and will not be described in detail. When the present invention is working, the preheating zone 13 and the firing zone 15 work simultaneously, the firing zone 15 is completed, the material 4 in the preheating zone 13 descends, and the charging bin 1 is charged. The whole device is in a continuous working state, and the fire channel 12 is also in a continuous combustion state.

[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A needle coke calcining device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a low temperature zone peripheral wall (6) and a high temperature zone peripheral wall (7), wherein the bottom of the low temperature zone peripheral wall (6) is connected to the upper end of the high temperature zone peripheral wall (7), and a furnace top cover plate (2) is buckled on the top, and fire channels (12) are respectively built at the front, middle and rear positions of the low temperature zone peripheral wall (6), and two preheating zones (13) are formed between the front, middle and rear fire channels (12), and the high temperature zone peripheral wall (7) forms a firing zone (15) below the corresponding preheating zone (13), and electrodes (8) are respectively arranged at the positions corresponding to the left and right side walls of the firing zone (15), and the electrodes (8) are connected to an external power supply system, and the lower end of the high temperature zone peripheral wall (7) is connected to the A discharge hopper (10) is connected, and a valve is arranged on the discharge hopper (10). An air interface (11) is provided at a position corresponding to the fire channel (12) at the bottom of the outer side wall of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall (6), and the air interface (11) is connected to an external air supply system. An escape channel (3) communicating with the preheating zone (13) is provided at a position corresponding to the top of the fire channel (12) on the inner side wall of the low-temperature zone peripheral wall (6). A plurality of ventilation holes (14) are provided in the high-temperature zone peripheral wall (7) along the front-rear direction of the furnace, and the ventilation holes (14) are connected to an external air cooling system. A charging bin (1) is provided at a position corresponding to each preheating zone (13) on the furnace top cover plate (2).

2. The needle coke calcining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle partition wall (5) is arranged at the center of each preheating zone (13), and two ends of the middle partition wall (5) are respectively fixedly connected to the center positions of two adjacent fire channels (12).

3. The needle coke calcining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire channel (12) is designed to be multi-layered and connected up and down through the escape channel (3).

4. The needle coke calcining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water jacket (9) is provided between the lower end of the high temperature zone peripheral wall (7) and the discharge hopper (10), and the water jacket (9) is connected to an external water cooling system.

5. The needle coke calcining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low temperature zone peripheral wall (6) is built with silicon bricks.

6. The needle coke calcining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace top cover plate (2) is prefabricated with refractory castable material.

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