Manned spacecraft assembly ventilation flow field test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly, which comprises the following steps of: constructing a tested spacecraft assembly by using a small scale cabin instead of a plurality of real cabins, simulating a ventilation relationship between the tested cabin and an actual spacecraft assembly formed by the plurality of real cabins, and testing the ventilation flow field by using CO2 as a subject matter of a ventilation flow field test. Setting modes of the CO2 metabolism simulation device, the CO2 removal device and the CO2 sensor in the tested spacecraft assembly are determined respectively, and the transportation capacity of the ventilation system is verified by monitoring CO2 partial pressure in the tested spacecraft assembly under different ventilation flow field test working conditions. According to the method, on the premise of not changing the effectiveness and coverage of the ventilation flow field test of the manned spacecraft assembly, the scale and cost of the whole test system are remarkably reduced, the test period is shortened, and the reliability of the test system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of overall design of spacecraft, in particular to a ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly. Background Art

[0002] Manned spacecraft supports astronauts to stay in orbit, and the air environment control system needs to create an air environment suitable for astronauts to live and work in the sealed cabin, including the control of total pressure, oxygen partial pressure, CO2 partial pressure, air temperature, relative humidity (water vapor partial pressure) and the concentration of dozens of trace harmful gases. Except for total pressure and air temperature, other parameters belong to air composition control. Since there is no natural convection in the microgravity environment on orbit, manned spacecraft must be equipped with a ventilation system to transport the air in the human activity area to the inlet of each air composition control system at the designed flow rate, and then send the processed air to the human activity area. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the air composition is distributed as evenly as possible in the entire human activity area.

[0003] With the development of manned space technology, the overall scale of manned models is getting larger and larger. Near-Earth space stations represented by the Mir Space Station, the International Space Station, and my country's Tiangong Space Station, and deep space exploration manned models represented by manned lunar landings, are all complex configurations. Since air flow has a strong mass transfer capacity, in order to simplify the system scale, complex manned models at home and abroad are equipped with one or more cabins as the main air environment control cabins, and the air composition of the complex is centrally controlled by cabin ventilation.

[0004] The functional performance of various air composition control systems can usually be verified through single-machine or subsystem level tests. However, the transport capacity of the ventilation system and the concentration distribution of air components are closely related to factors such as the pipeline layout of the ventilation system in the human area, the spatial layout of the human activity area, the human metabolic level and the resident position. They cannot be verified through single-machine or subsystem level tests. Both domestic and foreign manned models need to carry out ventilation flow field tests at the whole system level. Due to the high requirements for the cabin state, the large number of test products and the long test cycle, the ventilation flow field test has always been one of the largest system-level tests for manned models. Due to the involvement of multiple cabins, as well as the ventilation and mass transfer relationship between cabins, the difficulty and cost of conducting ventilation flow field tests for combined units are significantly greater than those for single-cabin models.

[0005] At present, the ventilation flow field test method widely used in manned models of complexes at home and abroad is to build a 1:1 complex simulation test system, including a simulated cabin with a real spatial layout, a cabin ventilation duct with a real state, an air composition control system and supporting facilities, and a crew metabolism simulation device. For example, the International Space Station has built an ECLSS / TCS (environmental control and life support system / thermal control system) test system to simulate some of the main cabins in the United States. The manned environmental control system and thermal control system in each simulated cabin are consistent with the actual design state, including temperature and humidity control system, pressure control system, air composition control system, active temperature control loop system, cabin and cabin ventilation system, etc. A crew metabolism simulation device is also set up in the simulation cabin to simulate the heat production, humidity production, CO2 production, oxygen consumption, etc. of the crew at different metabolic levels. During the development of my country's Tiangong space station, a similar 1:1 complex simulation test system was also built.

[0006] Although this simulation test system can accurately verify the transport capacity and concentration field distribution of the combined ventilation system for air components, it also has obvious drawbacks, including:

[0007] (1) The cost is high. It requires the commissioning of multiple simulation cabins, as well as a large number of equipment such as ventilation systems, a full set of air environment control systems, and supporting equipment such as vacuum simulation devices and ground cooling sources that are essential for the normal operation of the air environment control system. In addition, a full set of occupant metabolism simulation devices, including moisture production, CO2 production, oxygen consumption, etc., are required. The cost is extremely high.

[0008] (2) The system has a long production cycle and low reliability. Due to the large scale of the test system and the large number of equipment, a long production cycle and debugging cycle are required, which has a great impact on the entire assembly, integration, and testing process of the model. In addition, due to the complexity of the test system, the failure rate is high;

[0009] (3) Poor versatility. The 1:1 combination simulation test system is designed for production of a certain model. Due to differences in cabin space layout, equipment status, etc., it is difficult to apply to other manned models. The test system has poor versatility.

[0010] Another idea for the combined ventilation flow field test is to directly use each prototype cabin of the combined cabin as a test cabin, thus avoiding the production simulation cabin. However, it is still necessary to configure the vacuum simulation device, ground cold source and other supporting equipment that are necessary for the normal operation of the air environment control system, as well as a full set of occupant metabolism simulation devices, and the test system is still complex. In addition, this test method requires the coordination and matching of the actual development process and development progress of each participating prototype cabin, which can create opportunities for encounters and has many constraints. Summary of the invention

[0011] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly, thereby solving the problems of high test cost, long test cycle, low reliability and poor versatility of the ventilation system of a manned spacecraft with an assembly configuration.

[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is: a ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly, comprising:

[0013] S1. Analyze and determine the distribution form of the test spacecraft assembly; the test spacecraft assembly is composed of a test cabin and a number of scaled-down cabins, and the ventilation relationship is consistent with the actual spacecraft assembly composed of the test cabin and a number of real cabins;

[0014] S2. Taking CO2 as the subject of the ventilation flow field test, determine the installation methods of the CO2 metabolism simulation device, CO2 removal device, and CO2 sensor in the test spacecraft assembly;

[0015] S3. Under different ventilation flow field test conditions, the transport capacity of the ventilation system is verified by monitoring the CO2 partial pressure inside the participating spacecraft assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, in S1, the distribution form of the participating manned spacecraft assembly is analyzed and determined, specifically:

[0017] Establish ventilation system model I of the actual spacecraft assembly. The model elements include the space envelope of the human activity area of ​​the test cabin, the ventilation system inside the cabin, and the space envelope of the human activity area and the ventilation system between cabins of several real cabins connected to the test cabin.

[0018] Establish ventilation system model II of the test spacecraft assembly, and use scaled-down cabins to replace several real cabins connected to the test cabin in ventilation system model I;

[0019] The characteristic dimensions, connection relationships and number of the scaled cabins were gradually changed, and the flow field simulation results of ventilation system model I and ventilation system model II were compared from the axial and cross-sectional dimensions. When the flow field difference area of ​​the test cabins in the two models was limited to the non-human activity area, the characteristic dimensions, connection relationships and number of the scaled cabins at this time were used as the distribution form of the test manned spacecraft assembly.

[0020] Furthermore, in S2, the CO2 metabolism simulation device is set up in two ways according to the ventilation flow field test conditions:

[0021] Test conditions for crew staying in the test cabin: at least one CO2 metabolism simulation device is arranged in the sleeping area of ​​the test cabin, and the remaining CO2 metabolism simulation devices are arranged in the human activity area of ​​the test cabin;

[0022] Test conditions for crew staying in other cabins: several CO2 metabolism simulation devices are arranged in the scaled-down cabin;

[0023] Regardless of the operating conditions, the CO2 output rate adjustment range of a single CO2 metabolism simulation device covers the CO2 metabolic output rate of a single astronaut, and the maximum CO2 output rate is greater than the maximum metabolic output rate of a single astronaut; the total CO2 output rate accumulated by all CO2 metabolism simulation devices covers the total CO2 metabolic output rate during crew rotation.

[0024] Furthermore, the CO2 metabolism simulation device includes a human envelope simulation part, a CO2 gas cylinder, a hose and a flow regulating valve; the CO2 gas cylinder and the flow regulating valve are arranged outside the test cabin, one end of the hose air inlet is connected to the flow regulating valve, and the other end passes through the wall of the test cabin, and the exhaust port is placed in the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part.

[0025] Furthermore, in S2, the air inlet and outlet pipes of the CO2 removal device are connected to the cabin ventilation system of the test cabin.

[0026] Furthermore, the CO2 removal device is a consumable CO2 removal device, which is composed of a LiOH purification tank, a ventilation pipeline and an adjustable speed fan. After the gas enters the CO2 removal device, it passes through the LiOH purification tank, the ventilation pipeline and the adjustable speed fan in sequence and flows out of the CO2 removal device.

[0027] Furthermore, in S2, the CO2 sensor is configured as follows:

[0028] In the test cabin, the human activity area of ​​the test cabin is divided into several sections along the main axis direction. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the middle position of each section, and in the upper, lower, left, and right positions close to the boundary of the human activity area. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device. In the sleeping area of ​​the test cabin, at least one CO2 sensor is arranged in the head and face area, waist position, and foot position of the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device.

[0029] In the scaled cabin, the scaled cabin is divided into several sections along the main axis direction. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the middle of each section and in the upper, lower, left and right positions near the boundary of the human activity area. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device.

[0030] Furthermore, each section in the test cabin or the scaled-down cabin is spaced 1.0±0.3m apart, and within each section, the distance between the CO2 sensor installation position and the boundary of the human activity area is 0.1 to 0.2m.

[0031] Furthermore, in S3, the transport capacity of the ventilation system is verified by monitoring the CO2 partial pressure in the test spacecraft assembly under different ventilation flow field test conditions, specifically:

[0032] Test conditions for crew staying in the test cabin: start the cabin ventilation system and inter-cabin ventilation system of the test cabin, turn on the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the test cabin, turn off the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the scaled-down cabin, and monitor the CO2 partial pressure distribution in the human activity area and sleeping area of ​​the test cabin to see if it meets the requirements;

[0033] Test conditions for crew staying in other cabins: start the cabin ventilation system and inter-cabin ventilation system of the test cabin, turn on the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the scaled-down cabin, turn off the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the test cabin, monitor the CO2 partial pressure distribution in the human activity area, sleeping area and scaled-down cabin of the test cabin to see if it meets the requirements;

[0034] Regardless of the working conditions, the CO2 output rate of the CO2 metabolism simulation device covers different levels of the crew's average metabolism, the crew's highest metabolism, and the crew's rotation metabolism.

[0035] Furthermore, in the test condition where the occupants are staying in the test cabin, the ventilation volume and the layout of the supply / return air vents of the test cabin's in-cabin ventilation system are adjusted as needed based on the test results so that the CO2 partial pressure distribution meets the requirements; in the test condition where the occupants are staying in other cabins, the ventilation volume of the inter-cabin ventilation system is adjusted as needed based on the test results so that the CO2 partial pressure distribution meets the requirements.

[0036] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0037] (1) The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly of the present invention proposes to construct a test spacecraft assembly by replacing a number of real cabins with a scaled-down cabin, thereby simulating the ventilation relationship of an actual spacecraft assembly composed of a test cabin and a number of real cabins. Without changing the effectiveness, accuracy, and coverage of the ventilation flow field test of the assembly, the scale and cost of the entire test system are significantly reduced, the test cycle is shortened, and the reliability of the test system is improved.

[0038] (2) The present invention selects only a single air component, CO2, as the target object among multiple air components based on comprehensive consideration of the control range of various gas components to characterize the distribution and transport of various air components, thereby further simplifying the test system and process without reducing the effectiveness and accuracy of the test, and improving the reliability of the test system.

[0039] (3) The present invention adopts a simplified consumable CO2 removal device to replace the CO2 removal device that is actually equipped with the cabin, which reduces the complexity of the test system without reducing the effectiveness and accuracy of the test, and improves the reliability of the test system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of analyzing the influence of the distribution form of the scaled small cabin on the flow field of the test cabin through the CFD simulation model of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inter-cabin ventilation relationship using a test cabin + a scaled-down cabin simulating a test cabin + other real cabins in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the CO2 metabolism simulation device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the consumable CO2 removal device used in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the CO2 sensor of the present invention in the test cabin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Step 1: Analyze and determine the distribution of the participating spacecraft assembly

[0047] Use a scaled-down cabin to simulate the inter-cabin ventilation relationship between the test cabin and other connected cabins in the assembly. Based on CFD simulation analysis, ensure that the flow field distribution in the test cabin's human activity area and the inter-cabin mass transfer effect under the test cabin + scaled-down cabin state are consistent with those under the test cabin + other real cabin states. The key point is to determine the number, connection position, and characteristic size of the scaled-down cabins. The specific steps include:

[0048] (1) Establish a CFD simulation analysis model of the real combination. The model should be able to calculate the flow field distribution in the human activity area of ​​the test cabin. The elements include the spatial envelope of the human activity area of ​​the test cabin, the location and number of air supply / return vents, the ventilation volume in the cabin, the spatial envelope of the human activity areas of other real cabins connected to the test cabin, and the ventilation duct form and ventilation volume of the inter-cabin ventilation system;

[0049] (2) Establish a CFD simulation analysis model for the simulated assembly. The model should be able to calculate the flow field distribution in the human activity area of ​​the test cabin. The elements include the spatial envelope of the human activity area of ​​the test cabin, the location and number of supply / return air vents, and the ventilation volume in the cabin. Different from the CFD simulation analysis model of the real assembly, the CFD simulation analysis model of the simulated assembly uses a scaled-down cabin with an envelope size smaller than the real cabin to replace other real cabins connected to the test cabin. The ventilation form between the test cabin and the scaled-down cabin is the same as that of the real assembly;

[0050] (3) Gradually change the characteristic size, connection relationship and number of the scaled cabins in the CFD simulation analysis model of the simulated assembly, and compare the flow field distribution differences in the human activity area of ​​the test cabins in the two groups of models. Specifically, the flow field comparison needs to be carried out from the axial and cross-sectional dimensions. Please refer to the attached Figure 1 ; When the flow field difference area of ​​the human activity area of ​​the test cabin corresponding to the two sets of CFD simulation analysis models is limited to the non-human activity area, the minimum allowable characteristic size, connection relationship and number of the scaled cabin can be determined. Based on this, the test scale is simplified from several real cabins to 1 real cabin + several scaled cabins, which can be seen in the attached Figure 2 During the test, the state of the inter-cabin ventilation duct between the scaled-down cabin and the test cabin is set to be consistent with the actual state, and the scaled-down cabin and the test cabin should be airtightly connected.

[0051] Step 2: Select CO2 as the target for ventilation flow field test

[0052] The air components whose concentration fields need to be controlled in the sealed cabin of a manned spacecraft include oxygen partial pressure, CO2 partial pressure, water vapor partial pressure and dozens of trace harmful gases. Since the purpose of the combined ventilation flow field test is to verify the transport capacity of the ventilation systems within and between cabins for air components, in order to optimize the scale of the test system, one of the air components can be selected as the target to characterize the transport capacity of the ventilation system. That is, during the combined ventilation flow field test, only the production, transport and removal process of one air component is simulated in the sealed cabin, and the transport capacity of the ventilation system for air components is verified by detecting the partial pressure / concentration of the air component in each area of ​​the sealed cabin.

[0053] The main criteria for selecting air composition targets include: narrow control range and easy detection. Among various air components, the concentration of trace harmful gases is very low, which is difficult to detect accurately in real time. Its concentration field distribution is not suitable for characterizing the overall transport capacity of the ventilation system for air components. The oxygen partial pressure control range is usually 20-24kPa, the water vapor partial pressure control range is usually 0.7-1.4kPa, and the CO2 partial pressure control range is usually 0.2-0.8kPa. Considering the control range of various gas components, CO2 partial pressure control has higher requirements on the ventilation system's transport capacity, so CO2 is selected as the sealed cabin air component target.

[0054] Step 3: Determine the parameters of the CO2 metabolism simulation device and its layout within the test spacecraft assembly

[0055] The CO2 metabolism simulation device is used to simulate the metabolic production of CO2 by the occupants, and includes: a human envelope simulation part, a CO2 cylinder, a hose and a flow regulating valve.

[0056] The CO2 gas cylinder and flow regulating valve are arranged outside the test cabin to facilitate gas cylinder replacement and valve operation. The test cabin is equipped with a special blind plate with a hole for the hose to pass through and enter the test cabin. The human envelope simulation is placed in the test cabin to simulate the human body's space occupation. The hose exhaust port is set near the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation, as shown in the attached Figure 3 shown.

[0057] The CO2 output rate adjustment range of a single CO2 metabolism simulation device should be able to cover the CO2 metabolic output rate of a single astronaut, and the maximum output rate should be greater than the maximum metabolic output rate of a single astronaut.

[0058] According to the test conditions, the layout of CO2 metabolism simulation device is divided into two categories:

[0059] (1) Simulating the occupants staying in the test cabin: at least one CO2 metabolism simulation device is arranged in the sleeping area of ​​the test cabin, and the remaining CO2 metabolism simulation devices are arranged in the human activity area, such as the attached Figure 3 As shown in (a), the total cumulative CO2 production rate of the CO2 metabolism simulation device should be able to cover the total CO2 metabolism production rate during crew rotation;

[0060] (2) Simulating the occupants staying in other cabins: Several CO2 metabolism simulation devices are arranged in the scaled cabin. There is no strict requirement for the specific arrangement location. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the total CO2 production rate accumulated by the CO2 metabolism simulation device should be able to cover the total CO2 metabolism production rate during crew rotation.

[0061] Step 4: Select the CO2 removal device and determine its connection with the ventilation system

[0062] The consumable CO2 removal device was selected as the CO2 removal device in the test to reduce the complexity of the test and improve the reliability of the test. Figure 4 As shown, the consumable CO2 removal device includes: a LiOH purification tank, a ventilation pipeline and an adjustable speed fan, and the inlet and outlet pipelines of the device are connected to the cabin ventilation system of the test cabin.

[0063] The CO2 removal rate of the LiOH purification tank is proportional to the intake volume. Before the test begins, the fan speed of the consumable CO2 removal device needs to be adjusted. During the test, in order to avoid the depletion of LiOH in the purification tank affecting the normal progress of the test, the cumulative use time of the LiOH purification tank should be calculated. If the purification tank is near the end of its life, a new purification tank should be replaced during the switching process.

[0064] Step 5: Determine the placement of the CO2 sensor within the test spacecraft assembly

[0065] In order to fully understand the CO2 concentration distribution in each area of ​​the human activity area of ​​the test cabin, the human activity area of ​​the test cabin and the scaled-down cabin are divided into several sections along the main axis direction. Each section is 1.0±0.3m apart. The section interval can be flexibly adjusted according to the layout of the equipment in the human activity area. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the middle position of each section, and near the boundary of the human activity area above, below, left and right. The distance between the CO2 sensor and the boundary is 0.1~0.2m, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the layout of the interface equipment. A CO2 sensor should be arranged near the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown in (a).

[0066] In the sleeping area of ​​the test cabin where the CO2 metabolism simulation device is placed, at least one CO2 sensor should be arranged at the head and face area, waist position, and foot position of the human body envelope simulation piece when the person is resting, as shown in Figure 5(b).

[0067] Step 6: Verify the ventilation system's transport capacity under different ventilation flow field test conditions

[0068] The manned spacecraft assembly includes multiple sealed cabins. The crew members reside in different cabins and are at different metabolic levels. The concentration / partial pressure distribution of air components in each sealed cabin of the assembly also changes accordingly. In addition, the manned spacecraft assembly supports the crew members to stay in orbit for a long time. Most of the time, one crew member will stay in orbit. When the new and old crew members rotate, two crew members will stay in orbit. The total human metabolic output rate will increase by 1 times compared with a single crew. In all the above cases, the ventilation systems in and between cabins should ensure that the air component transport capacity meets the requirements. Therefore, the ventilation flow field test of the assembly should include two working conditions: the ventilation flow field test of the manned spacecraft assembly includes two working conditions: the crew members reside in the test cabin and the crew members reside in other cabins.

[0069] The crew stays in the test cabin working condition test: start the inter-cabin ventilation system and the cabin ventilation system of the test cabin normally, turn on the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the test cabin, and the metabolism level covers the average metabolism of the crew, the highest metabolism of the crew, and the different gears of the crew rotation metabolism. The CO2 metabolism simulation device in the scaled cabin is not started, and the CO2 partial pressure distribution in the activity area and sleeping area of ​​the test cabin is monitored, and the CO2 partial pressure level in each area meets the index requirements. According to the test results, if the CO2 partial pressure in a local area exceeds the standard, adjust the ventilation volume of the cabin ventilation system of the test cabin, the layout of the return air outlet and other parameters as needed.

[0070] The test of crew staying in other cabins: the inter-cabin ventilation system and the cabin ventilation system of the test cabin are started normally, the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the scaled cabin is turned on, and the metabolic level covers the average metabolism of the crew, the highest metabolism of the crew, and the different gears of the crew rotation metabolism. The CO2 metabolism simulation device in the test cabin is not started, and the distribution of CO2 partial pressure in the activity area, sleeping area, and scaled cabin of the test cabin is monitored, and the CO2 partial pressure level in each area meets the index requirements. The data of each CO2 sensor in the scaled cabin and the test cabin are averaged to represent the average CO2 partial pressure level in the scaled cabin and the test cabin, and the CO2 partial pressure difference between the two is confirmed. If the average CO2 partial pressure level in the scaled cabin exceeds the standard, the ventilation volume of the inter-cabin ventilation system needs to be increased to reduce the CO2 partial pressure difference between the two cabins.

[0071] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by way of embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and embodiments that can fall within the scope of the claims of this application all fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0072] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly, characterized in that: include: S1. Analyze and determine the distribution form of the test spacecraft assembly; the test spacecraft assembly is composed of a test cabin and a number of scaled-down cabins, and the ventilation relationship is consistent with the actual spacecraft assembly composed of the test cabin and a number of real cabins; S2. Taking CO2 as the subject of the ventilation flow field test, determine the installation methods of the CO2 metabolism simulation device, CO2 removal device, and CO2 sensor in the test spacecraft assembly; S3. Under different ventilation flow field test conditions, the transport capacity of the ventilation system is verified by monitoring the CO2 partial pressure inside the participating spacecraft assembly.

2. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the distribution form of the participating manned spacecraft assembly is analyzed and determined, specifically: Establish ventilation system model I of the actual spacecraft assembly. The model elements include the space envelope of the human activity area of ​​the test cabin, the ventilation system inside the cabin, and the space envelope of the human activity area and the ventilation system between cabins of several real cabins connected to the test cabin. Establish ventilation system model II of the test spacecraft assembly, and use scaled-down cabins to replace several real cabins connected to the test cabin in ventilation system model I; The characteristic dimensions, connection relationships and number of the scaled cabins were gradually changed, and the flow field simulation results of ventilation system model I and ventilation system model II were compared from the axial and cross-sectional dimensions. When the flow field difference area of ​​the test cabins in the two models was limited to the non-human activity area, the characteristic dimensions, connection relationships and number of the scaled cabins at this time were used as the distribution form of the test manned spacecraft assembly.

3. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the CO2 metabolism simulation device is set up in two ways according to the ventilation flow field test conditions: Test conditions for crew staying in the test cabin: at least one CO2 metabolism simulation device is arranged in the sleeping area of ​​the test cabin, and the remaining CO2 metabolism simulation devices are arranged in the human activity area of ​​the test cabin; Test conditions for crew staying in other cabins: several CO2 metabolism simulation devices are arranged in the scaled-down cabin; Regardless of the operating conditions, the CO2 output rate adjustment range of a single CO2 metabolism simulation device covers the CO2 metabolic output rate of a single astronaut, and the maximum CO2 output rate is greater than the maximum metabolic output rate of a single astronaut; the total CO2 output rate accumulated by all CO2 metabolism simulation devices covers the total CO2 metabolic output rate during crew rotation.

4. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The CO2 metabolism simulation device includes a human envelope simulation part, a CO2 gas cylinder, a hose and a flow regulating valve; the CO2 gas cylinder and the flow regulating valve are arranged outside the test cabin, one end of the hose air inlet is connected to the flow regulating valve, and the other end passes through the cabin wall of the test cabin, and the exhaust port is placed in the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part.

5. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the air inlet and outlet pipes of the CO2 removal device are connected to the cabin ventilation system of the test cabin.

6. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The CO2 removal device is a consumable CO2 removal device, which is composed of a LiOH purification tank, a ventilation pipeline and an adjustable speed fan. After the gas enters the CO2 removal device, it passes through the LiOH purification tank, the ventilation pipeline and the adjustable speed fan in sequence and flows out of the CO2 removal device.

7. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the CO2 sensor is configured as follows: In the test cabin, the human activity area of ​​the test cabin is divided into several sections along the main axis direction. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the middle position of each section, and in the upper, lower, left, and right positions close to the boundary of the human activity area. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device. In the sleeping area of ​​the test cabin, at least one CO2 sensor is arranged in the head and face area, waist position, and foot position of the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device. In the scaled cabin, the scaled cabin is divided into several sections along the main axis direction. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the middle of each section and in the upper, lower, left and right positions near the boundary of the human activity area. A CO2 sensor is arranged in the mouth and nose area of ​​the human envelope simulation part of the CO2 metabolism simulation device.

8. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each section in the test cabin or the scaled-down cabin is spaced 1.0±0.3m apart. In each section, the distance between the CO2 sensor installation position and the boundary of the human activity area is 0.1~0.2m.

9. The ventilation flow field test method for a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the transport capacity of the ventilation system is verified by monitoring the CO2 partial pressure in the test spacecraft assembly under different ventilation flow field test conditions, specifically: Test conditions for crew staying in the test cabin: start the cabin ventilation system and inter-cabin ventilation system of the test cabin, turn on the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the test cabin, turn off the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the scaled-down cabin, and monitor the CO2 partial pressure distribution in the human activity area and sleeping area of ​​the test cabin to see if it meets the requirements; Test conditions for crew staying in other cabins: start the cabin ventilation system and inter-cabin ventilation system of the test cabin, turn on the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the scaled-down cabin, turn off the CO2 metabolism simulation device in the test cabin, monitor the CO2 partial pressure distribution in the human activity area, sleeping area and scaled-down cabin of the test cabin to see if it meets the requirements; Regardless of the working conditions, the CO2 output rate of the CO2 metabolism simulation device covers different levels of the crew's average metabolism, the crew's highest metabolism, and the crew's rotation metabolism.

10. The ventilation flow field test method of a manned spacecraft assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the test condition where the occupants are staying in the test cabin, the ventilation volume and the layout of the supply / return air vents of the test cabin's in-cabin ventilation system are adjusted as needed based on the test results so that the CO2 partial pressure distribution meets the requirements; in the test condition where the occupants are staying in other cabins, the ventilation volume of the inter-cabin ventilation system is adjusted as needed based on the test results so that the CO2 partial pressure distribution meets the requirements.

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