Near-net forming process method for new energy automobile engine crankshaft

Abstract

According to the new energy automobile engine crankshaft near-net-shape forming process method, a placing mechanism comprises a placing box, two opening and closing doors are installed on the front side of the placing box, the two opening and closing doors are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, and observation windows are arranged on the opening and closing doors; through mutual cooperation of the L-shaped fixing plate, the clamping gear, the central gear, a rocking handle, a fixing plate, an annular plate, a guide plate, a sliding plate, a clamping plate, an attaching rod, a driven groove wheel, a belt, a driving groove wheel, a motor, a bottom plate and the like, when a crank needs to be dyed, the crank can be clamped and fixed, meanwhile, the crank can be driven to rotate, and the crank can be conveniently and rapidly dyed. According to the crank dyeing device, through mutual cooperation of the vertical plate, the lifting plate, the transverse plate, the vertical pipe, the connecting rod, the circular plate, the pretreatment box, the cleaning agent box, the coloring agent box and other parts, the crank can be pretreated, colored and cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engine crankshafts, and in particular to a near-net-shape forming process method for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft. Background Art

[0002] The crank is a key component in the connecting rod mechanism. It is responsible for converting the reciprocating linear motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the connecting rod, thereby driving the crankshaft to rotate. During the rotation process, the crank converts the force acting on the piston into the torque output by the crankshaft. This is the source of power for the engine to drive the movement of a car or other mechanical equipment.

[0003] Near Net Shape Forming is a forming technology that can be used as a mechanical component after a part is formed and only requires a small amount of processing or no processing. In the manufacturing process of the crankshaft, near net forming technology may involve precision forging and net shape forging.

[0004] Precision forging: By optimizing forging process parameters and die design, the shape and size of the crankshaft blank after forging are closer to the requirements of the final product, reducing the allowance for subsequent machining, and improving material utilization and production efficiency. For example, advanced simulation software is used to simulate and analyze the forging process, and the structure of the pre-forging and final forging dies is optimized, such as reducing the height of the middle tongue part of the pre-forging die balance block, increasing the convex fillet of the edge die, optimizing the shape and position of the flash around the balance block, and raising the height of the flash bridge part of the peripheral die of the final forging die balance block, so as to improve the filling of the balance block and improve the forging quality and qualified rate.

[0005] Net shape forging: Net shape forging is a near-net forming technology that aims to make the shape and size of the forged parts as close as possible to the requirements of the final product and minimize the subsequent processing allowance. This requires more precise die design, stricter process control, and advanced equipment and technical support. Although it may be difficult to fully realize net shape forging in actual production, it is an important direction for the development of crankshaft forging technology.

[0006] It includes a variety of processes such as laser remelting. Laser cladding technology uses a high-energy-density laser beam to melt materials with special properties and cover them on the crankshaft surface. By precisely controlling the thickness and speed of the cladding layer, accurate repair of the crankshaft surface can be achieved.

[0007] Before laser cladding the outer surface of the crankshaft, the oil stains on the crankshaft surface need to be treated. After the oil stains are treated, the cracks, pores and sand holes on the outer surface of the crankshaft need to be checked. However, it is inconvenient to judge only by the naked eyes of the staff. Therefore, it is necessary to apply colorant on the outer surface of the crank. However, the existing coloring method only relies on the staff to manually paint the crank, which is inconvenient to operate and has low coloring efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] 1. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1: First, the staff puts the cleaning agent and colorant into the unloading mechanism and waits for the dyeing process. Then the staff places the crankshaft between the two clamping mechanisms and fixes the crankshaft through the two clamping mechanisms.

[0011] S2: When the crankshaft is fixed, the placement mechanism can be closed, and the rotating mechanism can be started to drive the crankshaft to rotate. When the crankshaft rotates, the cleaning agent is discharged through the unloading mechanism and falls on the surface of the crankshaft. The rotation of the crankshaft allows the cleaning agent to completely contact the outer side of the crankshaft. After the oil stains on the outer side of the crankshaft are cleaned, the colorant is discharged through the unloading mechanism and falls on the surface of the crankshaft, thereby dyeing the cracks, pores and sand holes on the surface of the crankshaft. After dyeing is completed, the cleaning agent can be discharged again, and the excess colorant on the outer side of the crankshaft can be washed to avoid excessive cleaning, so as not to wash away the colorant that has penetrated into the defects;

[0012] S3: When the cleaning work is completed, the drying fan can be started to dry the crankshaft surface, so that the staff can repair the defects on the crankshaft surface. When the defects on the crankshaft surface are stained, the staff can repair the defects on the crankshaft surface accordingly according to the staining points. The rinsed cleaning agent and colorant will be collected by the collector box.

[0013] 2. A near-net forming process method for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 1: in step 2, the placement mechanism includes a placement box, two opening and closing doors are installed on the front side of the placement box, and the two opening and closing doors are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and an observation window is arranged on the opening and closing door. A placement plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement box, and a collection box is fixedly connected to the top of the placement plate. Openings are opened on the left and right sides of the placement box, a crank is provided in the inner cavity of the placement box, a discharge pipe is inserted on the right side of the collection box, and the right end of the discharge pipe passes through the inner cavity of the placement box, and drying fans are arranged on the inner wall of the placement box near the left and right sides.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the unloading mechanism includes a pretreatment box, a colorant box is provided on the right side of the pretreatment box, a cleaning agent box is provided on the right side of the colorant box, feed pipes are connected to the tops of the pretreatment box, the colorant box and the cleaning agent box, vertical pipes are connected to the bottoms of the pretreatment box, the colorant box and the cleaning agent box, and valves are provided inside the pretreatment box, the colorant box and the cleaning agent box.

[0015] Furthermore, a lifting plate is provided near the top end of the inner cavity of the vertical tube, and two flip plates are installed in the inner cavity of the lifting plate, and the two flip plates are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, and a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, and a vertical plate is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the horizontal plate, and vertical grooves are opened near the left and right sides of the inner wall of the vertical tube, and two movable blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting plate, and the two movable blocks are slidably connected to adjacent vertical grooves, and a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block, and the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the vertical groove, and two L-shaped top rods are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical tube, and two connecting rods are fixedly connected to the outer side of the vertical tube, and the bottom ends of the two connecting rods are jointly fixedly connected to a circular plate, a filter groove is opened on the circular plate, and a starter is fixedly connected at the center of the top circle of the filter groove.

[0016] Further, in step 1, the clamping mechanism includes an annular plate, and the corresponding sides of the two annular plates are fixedly connected with a plurality of fixed plates, and the plurality of fixed plates are arranged in an annular array with the center of the annular plate as the center, and the corresponding sides of the plurality of fixed plates are slidably connected with a slide plate, and the corresponding sides of the plurality of slide plates are fixedly connected with a clamp plate, and the corresponding sides of the plurality of clamp plates are fitted with the outer side of the crank, and the corresponding sides of the two annular plates are provided with a guide plate, and the inner cavity of the guide plate is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped openings, and the plurality of arc-shaped openings are arranged in an annular array with the center of the guide plate as the center, and the inner cavities of the plurality of arc-shaped openings are fitted with fitting rods, and the fitting rods are fixedly connected to adjacent slides.

[0017] Furthermore, a first rotating shaft passes through the center of the guide plate and is fixedly connected thereto, the other end of the first rotating shaft passes through the annular plate, a rotating gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is sleeved on a bearing on the outer side of the rotating gear away from the placement box, and the end of the second rotating shaft close to the placement box is fixedly connected to the annular plate, a driven sheave is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the annular plate, an active sheave is provided at the bottom of the driven sheave, a belt is commonly sleeved between the active sheave and the driven sheave, a motor is provided on the left side of the active sheave, a power output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the center of the active sheave, a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor, and the right side of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the placement plate.

[0018] Further, in step 2, the rotating mechanism includes a clamping gear, and the side of the clamping gear away from the placement box is movably connected to a mounting ring, the top of the mounting ring is fixedly connected to an L-shaped fixing plate, the other side of the L-shaped fixing plate is fixedly connected to the placement box, the inner wall of the mounting ring is hinged with a limiting plate, the rear side of the limiting plate is fitted with a spring, the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring, the inner cavity of the mounting ring has a center gear, the limiting plate is fitted with the center gear, a center shaft is passed through the center of the center gear and is fixedly connected to it, the other end of the center shaft is plugged into the placement box, a crank handle is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the center shaft, and the bottom of the clamping gear is meshed with the rotating gear.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention can realize that when the crank needs to be dyed, the crank can be clamped and fixed, and the crank can be driven to rotate at the same time, so that the outer surface of the crank can be dyed in all directions, thereby improving the dyeing efficiency. The present invention can realize that when the crank needs to be dyed, the crank can be pretreated, dyed and cleaned through the mutual cooperation between the vertical plate, lifting plate, horizontal plate, vertical tube, connecting rod, circular plate, pretreatment box, cleaning agent box, colorant box and other components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a right view of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the component placement box of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the crank structure of the component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the annular plate structure of the component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a disassembled view of the annular plate structure of the component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the pretreatment box structure of the component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0031] Numbers in the figure: 1. Placement box; 2. Pretreatment box; 3. Feed pipe; 4. Crank; 5. L-shaped fixing plate; 6. Mounting ring; 7. Center gear; 8. Rotating gear; 9. Driven groove wheel; 10. Belt; 11. Motor; 12. Bottom plate; 13. Ring plate; 14. Placement plate; 15. Opening and closing door; 16. Center axis; 17. Clamping gear; 18. Discharge pipe; 19. Drying fan; 20. Crank; 21. Collecting box; 22. Guide plate; 23. Fixed plate; 24. Slide plate; 25. Clamping plate; 26. Reed; 27. Limiting plate; 28. Lifting plate; 29. ​​Turning plate; 30. Horizontal plate; 31. Vertical plate; 32. Vertical tube; 33. L-shaped top rod; 34. Round plate; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Colorant box; 37. Cleaning agent box; 38. Laminating rod; 39. Active groove wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] See also Figure 1-9 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0034] 1. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1: First, the staff puts the cleaning agent and colorant into the unloading mechanism and waits for the dyeing process. Then the staff places the crankshaft between the two clamping mechanisms and fixes the crankshaft through the two clamping mechanisms.

[0036] S2: When the crankshaft is fixed, the placement mechanism can be closed, and the rotating mechanism can be started to drive the crankshaft to rotate. When the crankshaft rotates, the cleaning agent is discharged through the unloading mechanism and falls on the surface of the crankshaft. The rotation of the crankshaft allows the cleaning agent to completely contact the outer side of the crankshaft. After the oil stains on the outer side of the crankshaft are cleaned, the colorant is discharged through the unloading mechanism and falls on the surface of the crankshaft, thereby dyeing the cracks, pores and sand holes on the surface of the crankshaft. After dyeing is completed, the cleaning agent can be discharged again, and the excess colorant on the outer side of the crankshaft can be washed to avoid excessive cleaning, so as not to wash away the colorant that has penetrated into the defects;

[0037] S3: When the cleaning work is completed, the drying fan can be started to dry the crankshaft surface, so that the staff can repair the defects on the crankshaft surface. When the defects on the crankshaft surface are stained, the staff can repair the defects on the crankshaft surface accordingly according to the staining points. The rinsed cleaning agent and colorant will be collected by the collector box.

[0038] 2. A near-net-shape forming process method for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the near-net-shape forming process method for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft of the present embodiment of claim 1, in step 2, the placement mechanism includes a placement box 1, two opening and closing doors 15 are installed on the front side of the placement box 1, and the two opening and closing doors 15 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and an observation window is arranged on the opening and closing door 15, a placement plate 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement box 1, and a collection box 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the placement plate 14, openings are opened on the left and right sides of the placement box 1, a crank 20 is provided in the inner cavity of the placement box 1, a discharge pipe 18 is inserted on the right side of the collection box 21, and the right end of the discharge pipe 18 passes through the inner cavity of the placement box 1, and a drying fan 19 is arranged on the inner wall of the placement box 1 near the left and right sides.

[0039] In step 1, the unloading mechanism includes a pretreatment box 2, a colorant box 36 is provided on the right side of the pretreatment box 2, a cleaning agent box 37 is provided on the right side of the colorant box 36, a feed pipe 3 is plugged into the top of the pretreatment box 2, the colorant box 36 and the cleaning agent box 37, a vertical pipe 32 is plugged into the bottom of the pretreatment box 2, the colorant box 36 and the cleaning agent box 37, valves are provided inside the pretreatment box 2, the colorant box 36 and the cleaning agent box 37, a lifting plate 28 is provided near the top of the inner cavity of the vertical pipe 32, two flip plates 29 are installed in the inner cavity of the lifting plate 28, and the two flip plates 29 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the bottom of the lifting plate 28 is fixedly connected with A horizontal plate 30 is fixedly connected to a vertical plate 31 at the bottom center of the horizontal plate 30. Vertical grooves are provided on the inner walls of the vertical tube 32 near the left and right sides. Two movable blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting plate 28. The two movable blocks are slidably connected to the adjacent vertical grooves. A spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block. The bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the vertical groove. Two L-shaped top rods 33 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical tube 32. Two connecting rods 35 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the vertical tube 32. The bottom ends of the two connecting rods 35 are fixedly connected to a circular plate 34. A filter groove is provided on the circular plate 34. A starter is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the filter groove.

[0040] In step 1, the clamping mechanism includes an annular plate 13, and the corresponding sides of the two annular plates 13 are fixedly connected to a plurality of fixed plates 23, and the plurality of fixed plates 23 are arranged in an annular array with the center of the annular plate 13 as the center, and the corresponding sides of the plurality of fixed plates 23 are slidably connected to a slide plate 24, and the corresponding sides of the plurality of slide plates 24 are fixedly connected to a clamp plate 25, and the corresponding sides of the plurality of clamp plates 25 are all fitted with the outer side of the crank 20, and the corresponding sides of the two annular plates 13 are provided with a guide plate 22, and the inner cavity of the guide plate 22 is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped openings, and the plurality of arc-shaped openings are arranged in an annular array with the center of the guide plate 22 as the center, and the inner cavities of the plurality of arc-shaped openings are all fitted with fitting rods 38, and the plurality of fitting rods 38 are fixedly connected to the adjacent slide plates 24 Then, a first rotating shaft is passed through the center of the guide plate 22 and is fixedly connected thereto, the other end of the first rotating shaft passes through the annular plate 13, a rotating gear 8 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft is sleeved on the bearing on the outer side of the rotating gear 8 away from the placement box 1, and one end of the second rotating shaft close to the placement box 1 is fixedly connected to the annular plate 13, a driven groove wheel 9 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the annular plate 13, a driving groove wheel 39 is provided at the bottom of the driven groove wheel 9, a belt 10 is sleeved between the driving groove wheel 39 and the driven groove wheel 9, a motor 11 is provided on the left side of the driving groove wheel 39, a power output shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the center of the driving groove wheel 39, a bottom plate 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor 11, and the right side of the bottom plate 12 is fixedly connected to the left side of the placement plate 14.

[0041] In step 2, the rotating mechanism includes a clamping gear 17, and the side of the clamping gear 17 away from the placement box 1 is movably connected to the mounting ring 6, the top of the mounting ring 6 is fixedly connected to an L-shaped fixing plate 5, and the other side of the L-shaped fixing plate 5 is fixedly connected to the placement box 1. The inner wall of the mounting ring 6 is hinged with a limit plate 27, and the rear side of the limit plate 27 is fitted with a spring 26, and the spring 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring 6. The inner cavity of the mounting ring 6 has a center gear 7, and the limit plate 27 is fitted with the center gear 7. A center shaft 16 passes through the center of the center gear 7 and is fixedly connected to it. The other end of the center shaft 16 is inserted into the placement box 1, and a crank handle 4 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the center shaft 16. The bottom of the clamping gear 17 is meshed with the rotating gear 8.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] See also Fig.10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0044] 2. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1: Cutting: According to the design requirements of the crankshaft, select suitable raw materials, such as medium carbon steel, medium carbon alloy steel, and cut them into the required size and weight.

[0046] S2: Heating, heating the blank after cutting to the appropriate forging temperature range. Generally speaking, the forging temperature should be carried out at the upper limit temperature as much as possible, and the minimum forging temperature should not be lower than 1100℃ to ensure that the metal material has good plasticity and forgeability.

[0047] S3: Pre-forging. In the pre-forging die, the billet is preliminarily forged to allow the metal material to further flow and distribute, approaching the final shape of the crankshaft. However, the crankshaft still has a certain processing allowance after pre-forging.

[0048] S4: Final forging: placing the pre-forged billet into the final forging die for final forging to make the shape and size of the crankshaft meet the design requirements and obtain the crankshaft blank.

[0049] S5: trimming and shaping, cutting off the excess flash on the crankshaft blank, and trimming the shape of the crankshaft to improve dimensional accuracy and surface quality.

[0050] S6: Temperature controlled cooling, using appropriate cooling methods, such as cooling on a temperature controlled cooling line, to control the cooling rate of the crankshaft to obtain a good organizational structure and performance. For some crankshafts with specific requirements, tempering heat treatment may also be performed.

[0051] S7: Shot peening. Through shot peening, a certain compressive stress is formed on the crankshaft surface to improve the fatigue strength and surface quality of the crankshaft.

[0052] S8: Flaw detection: Use flaw detection equipment, such as ultrasonic flaw detection, magnetic particle flaw detection, etc., to inspect the crankshaft to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and inclusions inside.

[0053] S9: Cleaning and packaging: Clean the crankshaft after NDT to remove oil stains, impurities, etc. on the surface, and then package it for storage, transportation and subsequent processing.

[0054] Working principle: First, the staff can put the raw materials into the pretreatment box 2, the colorant box 36 and the cleaning agent box 37 through the feeding pipe 3, and put the crank 20 into the inner cavity of the placement box 1, and then shake the crank 4 to drive the central shaft 16 to rotate. When the central shaft 16 rotates, it can drive the central gear 7 to rotate. When the central gear 7 rotates counterclockwise, it can drive the clamping gear 17 to rotate by meshing with the limit plate 27. When the clamping gear 17 rotates, it can drive the rotating gear 8 to rotate. When the rotating gear 8 rotates, it can drive the guide plate 22 to rotate. When the guide plate 22 rotates, it can drive the slide plate 24 to move through the fitting rod 38. The slide plate 24 can limit the moving trajectory by fitting with the fixed plate 23. When several slide plates 24 move in opposite directions, the crank 20 can be moved. The pretreatment box 2 is clamped in a limited position. When the clamping is completed, the valve inside the pretreatment box 2 can be started to allow the detergent inside the pretreatment box 2 to flow into the inner cavity of the vertical pipe 32. When the detergent accumulates on the top of the lifting plate 28, the lifting plate 28 moves downward and can contact the two L-shaped top rods 33. The L-shaped top rods 33 contact the bottom of the flip plate 29, so that the flip plate 29 is fitted to flip the flip plate 29, so that the detergent on the top of the lifting plate 28 flows out and falls on the surface of the crank 20. When the crank 20 is cleaned, the valve inside the colorant box 36 can be started to make the colorant repeat the above movement process and fall on the surface of the crank 20. When the coloring is completed, the valve inside the cleaning agent box 37 can be started to make the cleaning agent fall on the surface of the crank 20 again to complete the cleaning of the colorant.

Claims

1. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: First, the staff puts the cleaning agent and colorant into the unloading mechanism and waits for the dyeing process. Then the staff places the crankshaft between the two clamping mechanisms and fixes the crankshaft through the two clamping mechanisms. S2: When the crankshaft is fixed, the placement mechanism can be closed, and the rotating mechanism can be started to drive the crankshaft to rotate. When the crankshaft rotates, the cleaning agent is discharged through the unloading mechanism and falls on the surface of the crankshaft. The rotation of the crankshaft allows the cleaning agent to completely contact the outer side of the crankshaft. After the oil stains on the outer side of the crankshaft are cleaned, the colorant is discharged through the unloading mechanism and falls on the surface of the crankshaft, thereby dyeing the cracks, pores and sand holes on the surface of the crankshaft. After dyeing is completed, the cleaning agent can be discharged again, and the excess colorant on the outer side of the crankshaft can be washed to avoid excessive cleaning, so as not to wash away the colorant that has penetrated into the defects; S3: When the cleaning work is completed, the drying fan can be started to dry the crankshaft surface, so that the staff can repair the defects on the crankshaft surface. When the defects on the crankshaft surface are stained, the staff can repair the defects on the crankshaft surface accordingly according to the staining points. The rinsed cleaning agent and colorant will be collected by the collector box.

2. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the placement mechanism includes a placement box (1), two opening and closing doors (15) are installed on the front side of the placement box (1), and the two opening and closing doors (15) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and an observation window is arranged on the opening and closing door (15). The bottom of the placement box (1) is fixedly connected to a placement plate (14), and the top of the placement plate (14) is fixedly connected to a collection box (21). The placement box (1) has openings on both sides, and the inner cavity of the placement box (1) is provided with a crank (20). A discharge pipe (18) is inserted on the right side of the collection box (21), and the right end of the discharge pipe (18) passes through the inner cavity of the placement box (1). Drying fans (19) are arranged on the inner wall of the placement box (1) near the left and right sides.

3. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the unloading mechanism comprises a pretreatment box (2), a colorant box (36) is provided on the right side of the pretreatment box (2), a cleaning agent box (37) is provided on the right side of the colorant box (36), a feed pipe (3) is plugged into the top of the pretreatment box (2), the colorant box (36) and the cleaning agent box (37), a vertical pipe (32) is plugged into the bottom of the pretreatment box (2), the colorant box (36) and the cleaning agent box (37), and valves are provided inside the pretreatment box (2), the colorant box (36) and the cleaning agent box (37).

4. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: A lifting plate (28) is provided near the top of the inner cavity of the vertical tube (32), and two flip plates (29) are installed in the inner cavity of the lifting plate (28), and the two flip plates (29) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. A horizontal plate (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (28), and a vertical plate (31) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the horizontal plate (30). Vertical grooves are provided on the inner side walls of the vertical tube (32) near the left and right sides. Two movable blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the lifting plate (28), and two The movable blocks are all slidably connected to adjacent vertical slots. A spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable block. The bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the vertical slot. Two L-shaped top rods (33) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical tube (32). Two connecting rods (35) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the vertical tube (32). The bottom ends of the two connecting rods (35) are commonly fixedly connected to a circular plate (34). A filter groove is provided on the circular plate (34). A starter is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the filter groove.

5. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1, the clamping mechanism comprises an annular plate (13), and the corresponding sides of the two annular plates (13) are fixedly connected with a plurality of fixed plates (23), and the plurality of fixed plates (23) are arranged in an annular array with the center of the annular plate (13) as the center. The corresponding sides of the plurality of fixed plates (23) are slidably connected with a slide plate (24), and the corresponding sides of the plurality of slide plates (24) are fixedly connected with a clamp plate (25), and the corresponding sides of the plurality of clamp plates (25) are all fitted with the outer side of the crank (20), and the corresponding sides of the two annular plates (13) are provided with a guide plate (22), and the inner cavity of the guide plate (22) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped openings, and the plurality of arc-shaped openings are arranged in an annular array with the center of the guide plate (22) as the center, and the inner cavities of the plurality of arc-shaped openings are fitted with fitting rods (38), and the plurality of fitting rods (38) are fixedly connected with adjacent slide plates (24).

6. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first rotating shaft is provided through the center of the guide plate (22) and is fixedly connected thereto; the other end of the first rotating shaft passes through the annular plate (13); a rotating gear (8) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first rotating shaft; a second rotating shaft is sleeved on a bearing on the outer side of the rotating gear (8) away from the placement box (1); an end of the second rotating shaft close to the placement box (1) is fixedly connected to the annular plate (13); a driven sheave (9) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the annular plate (13); a driving sheave (39) is provided at the bottom of the driven sheave (9); a belt (10) is sleeved between the driving sheave (39) and the driven sheave (9); a motor (11) is provided on the left side of the driving sheave (39); a power output shaft of the motor (11) is fixedly connected to the center of the driving sheave (39); a bottom plate (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor (11); the right side of the bottom plate (12) is fixedly connected to the left side of the placement plate (14).

7. A near-net-shape forming process for a new energy vehicle engine crankshaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the rotating mechanism comprises a clamping gear (17), a side of the clamping gear (17) away from the placement box (1) is movably connected to a mounting ring (6), a top of the mounting ring (6) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped fixing plate (5), the other side of the L-shaped fixing plate (5) is fixedly connected to the placement box (1), an inner side wall of the mounting ring (6) is hingedly connected to a limit plate (27), a rear side of the limit plate (27) is attached to a spring (26), and the spring (26) ) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting ring (6), the inner cavity of the mounting ring (6) has a central gear (7), the limit plate (27) is in contact with the central gear (7), a central shaft (16) is passed through the center of the central gear (7) and is fixedly connected thereto, the other end of the central shaft (16) is plugged into the placement box (1), a crank handle (4) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the central shaft (16), and the bottom of the clamping gear (17) is meshed with the rotating gear (8).

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