107 results about "Insulin injection" patented technology

A diabetes management system adapted to determine adherence for a subject in treatment according to a basal insulin regimen, the system being adapted to receive regimen data. BG data and insulin injection data. If one or more insulin injections have not been received in accordance with the prescribed regimen and thus are missing, the system is adapted to calculate for each missing injection an expected dose response BG value. By comparing received BG data, corresponding to the missing insulin injections, it can be determined for a given confidence interval whether or not the subject has been in adherence with the basal insulin regimen.

The utility model relates to an auxiliary fixing device for injection, which comprises a fixing frame, two sides of the fixing frame are respectively provided with a binding belt, one end of one binding belt is provided with a locking buckle matched with the other binding belt, and the other end of the other binding belt is provided with a locking buckle matched with the other binding belt. Two corresponding kneading rollers are installed on the side, close to the abdomen, of the interior of the fixing frame, in the using process, after a part needing injection is confirmed, the abdomen can be squeezed under the action of the two kneading rollers, and the skin in the corresponding area is made to protrude towards the rubber cover; meanwhile, under the action of a plurality of elastic mechanisms, the rubber cover is tightly attached to the upheaval part of the abdomen, then a user inserts an insulin injection pen into the upheaval part from the interior of a limiting barrel, in this way, insulin can be correctly injected into the body of a patient, and the situation that the patient is pricked askew during injection is reduced; and a patient can accurately pierce into a part needing to be injected, so that more convenience is brought to people.

An insulin needle extractor is characterized in that a sleeve-shaped shell is designed, the inner cavity of the sleeve is used as a channel, a claw sleeve composed of at least two elastic claws is designed for the channel, a slope or a taper is arranged between the inner wall of the channel of the shell and the outer side of the claw sleeve, the claw sleeve is inserted into the channel of the shell, and the elastic claws are forced to present two working states of opening and contraction relative to the center of the channel during the sliding of the claw sleeve before and after the channel. When the needle is removed, the insulin needle is inserted from the needle removal port in the open state of the elastic claws, and the claw sleeve is moved to the other end in the channel, the elastic claws are forced to contract to the center during the movement due to the effect of the slope or the taper, and the insulin needle is clamped, at this time, the needle extractor can be rotated in the reverse direction until it is separated, and the insulin needle can be removed from the head of the insulin injection pen. The present scheme only has the cooperation of the shell and the needle extraction sleeve (the claw sleeve), has few parts, simple structure, and reliable work.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent diabetes treatment instruments, in particular to a closed-loop non-invasive insulin detection and precise infusion system which is characterized by comprising a blood glucose monitoring regulator, a non-invasive injector and a closed-loop control mechanism. The closed-loop control mechanism comprises a real-time blood glucose detection module, a temperature detection module, a blood glucose data processing module, a dose decision module, an injection pressure adjusting module, an injection channel control module, an insulin injection module and a closed-loop feedback module; noninvasive and high-sensitivity real-time blood glucose monitoring is achieved, the accuracy and timeliness of insulin administration are improved through trend prediction and individualized dose decision, meanwhile, multi-nozzle array piezoelectric needleless injection is combined with temperature compensation pressure regulation and a closed loop feedback correction mechanism, local tissue burden is effectively reduced, and the insulin administration efficiency is improved. And through multiple safety protection and wireless data transmission, remote monitoring and intelligent management are realized, so that the convenience, accuracy and reliability of blood glucose management of diabetic patients are greatly improved.

The utility model relates to the technical field of insulin injection, in particular to a disposable sterile insulin syringe. The disposable sterile insulin syringe comprises a syringe barrel, a connecting pipe, a needle head, a stress plate, a piston, a push rod and a push plate, the left end of the syringe barrel is connected with the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is connected with the needle head, the right end of the syringe barrel is connected with the stress plate, the push rod is connected into the syringe barrel in a sliding mode, and the piston is connected with the push rod. The left end of the push rod is connected with a piston, the right end of the push rod is connected with a push plate, a groove is formed in the lower side of the right end of the push rod, the connecting block is placed in the groove, and the left side of the lower portion of the stress plate is connected with the limiting block and the elastic piece. Through the arrangement of the connecting block, the limiting block and the elastic piece, the push rod can be braked through simple operation, it is ensured that the push rod is not prone to being pulled after an injector is used, medical workers are prompted that the injector is used, and the risk of repeated use is reduced.

The images related to this design are used, for example, to monitor, display, or track measurement data such as blood glucose levels, as well as exercise, insulin administration, and food intake. These images can be operated by tapping, pressing, swiping, or scrolling the display screen, or via other devices associated with the display device.

The injection pump comprises an insulin pump body and further comprises a medicine storage device, a medicine changing assembly, an exhaust device and a medicine pushing assembly, the medicine storage device is detachably connected with the insulin pump body, a plurality of medicine bags are placed in the medicine storage device, the medicine changing assembly is arranged in the medicine storage device, the medicine changing assembly is pressed, and the medicine pushing assembly is arranged in the medicine storage device. The medicine changing assembly automatically changes the medicine bag, the exhaust device is arranged in the insulin pump body and automatically exhausts air after the medicine bag is replaced, the medicine pushing assembly is arranged in the insulin pump body and pushes the medicine bag, and insulin injection in the medicine bag is completed. The device has the advantages that the medicine storage device is used for storing multiple tubes of insulin, the storage amount of the insulin is increased, the medicine changing assembly is used for achieving automatic medicine changing, the medicine changing process is simplified, the medicine changing time is shortened, the exhaust device is used for achieving automatic exhaust of the insulin after changing, the situation that an indwelling needle needs to be pulled out in the insulin changing process is avoided, and repeated needle inserting is avoided; and the comfort of the patient is improved.

The invention discloses an insulin injection data management system, which relates to the technical field of medical health information and comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring injection operation data and blood sugar data from an insulin injection pen and lifestyle data input by a user; the intelligent analysis module is used for generating insulin dose recommendation information through a predefined dose calculation model on the basis of the injection operation data, the blood glucose data and the life style data, and generating injection site rotation recommendation information on the basis of injection site information in the injection operation data; the early warning prompt module is used for generating and outputting a dose early warning and a failure early warning based on dose information and temperature information in the injection operation data; and the medical care collaboration module is used for providing a data access interface for authorized medical care personnel and adjusting parameters of the dose calculation model based on remote instructions of the medical care personnel. And accurate and dynamic recommendation of dosage, scientific alternating guidance of injection parts and active early warning of dosage and failure are realized.

A kind of pen core screw rod pump for insulin injection, shell, pen core injection mechanism, primary screw rod telescopic mechanism, secondary screw rod telescopic mechanism, power device, power module and intelligent control module, power device is connected with primary screw rod telescopic mechanism transmission, secondary screw rod telescopic mechanism is installed in primary screw rod telescopic mechanism and is connected with primary screw rod telescopic mechanism transmission, pen core injection mechanism is set in the upper portion of secondary screw rod telescopic mechanism, key operation module is equipped on the shell, sensor assembly is set on primary screw rod telescopic mechanism, power module provides power to power device and intelligent control module respectively, and intelligent control module is connected with power device, key operation module and sensor assembly signal respectively.This application can accurately control the injection amount of insulin liquid, realize high-precision drug delivery, significantly reduce the overall size, the rotation torque and speed of intelligent control power motor, reduce the impact degree, reduce the energy consumption of electric energy, also have anti-lock function.

This application discloses an insulin pen packaging box, relating to the field of pharmaceutical packaging technology. Its key technical features are: an outer box body composed of a box body and a freely opening and closing lid; a paper tray embedded inside the box body, the projection of the paper tray on the horizontal plane coinciding with the bottom of the box body; the paper tray includes a pad, on which multiple insulin pen placement frames are arranged side-by-side, and each placement frame is fixedly connected to the pad; each end of a placement frame has a slot along its length, and when an insulin pen is placed in a slot, the slot provides support and restraint to the end of the insulin pen. This allows for the simultaneous storage of multiple insulin pens within a single packaging box, thus improving packaging efficiency and patient convenience.

The utility model relates to the field of medical auxiliary devices, in particular to an insulin injection site alternation prompting device, which is characterized in that four graphic sheets of a graphic sheet assembly on which four different regional patterns of a human body are drawn are fixedly connected to four side surfaces of a box body, and respective insulin injection permitting sites are drawn in the regions drawn by the four graphic sheets; setting a plurality of injection point positions with unique identification character codes in respective injection parts; the plurality of lamp beads are respectively arranged on the plurality of injection point positions; a plurality of injection positioning holes with identification character codes are respectively formed in four groups of positioning cards of the positioning clamping piece, the plurality of injection positioning holes are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of injection point positions of the graphic sheet combined piece, and the identification character codes of the plurality of injection positioning holes are the same as the identification character codes of the respective corresponding injection point positions; by means of automatic prompting of the device, a patient can be helped to timely master injection time and injection positions and injection points needing to be changed each time, and risks affecting the treatment effect can be reduced.

1. The name of the design product: insulin injection simulation artificial skin. 2. The use of the design product: the product is mainly used to demonstrate injection site selection and injection process in subcutaneous injection education process. 3. The design points of the design product: the combination of shape, pattern and color. 4. The picture or photo that best indicates the design points: perspective view. 5. The design for which protection is sought contains color. 6. The back of the design product is a part that is not easy to see or cannot be seen during use, and the rear view is omitted.

The utility model discloses a novel portable insulin injection pen cold storage device, which relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and comprises a heat preservation cylinder, a plurality of storage cylinders, a plurality of storage cylinders, a plurality of storage cylinders and a plurality of storage cylinders, the semiconductor refrigeration part is connected into the heat preservation cylinder, and the refrigeration end of the semiconductor refrigeration part is attached to the storage cylinder and used for refrigerating insulin; the heat dissipation plate is connected into the heat preservation cylinder, and one side of the heat dissipation plate is attached to the heat dissipation end of the semiconductor refrigeration part; insulin injection pens in the storage barrels distributed in a circumferential array mode can be refrigerated at the same time, it is ensured that all the pens are in a suitable low-temperature environment, insulin is effectively stored, heat of the semiconductor refrigeration parts is conducted through the heat dissipation plate, the heat dissipation fan promotes air to flow to take away the heat, stable work of the refrigeration parts is maintained, and the continuous refrigeration capacity is ensured; the device is convenient to store, a patient can conveniently place the injection pen to be cooled, and insulin can be conveniently stored when the injection pen is daily used and carried outdoors.

The utility model discloses an insulin injection pen, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. Comprising a main body shell, a connecting sleeve and a medicine bin, and the main body shell is connected with the medicine bin through the connecting sleeve; the adjusting mechanism comprises a dosage rotating cylinder and a transmission pipe, the dosage rotating cylinder is arranged in the main body shell and is in threaded connection with the main body shell, and the transmission pipe is arranged in the dosage rotating cylinder and is in clutch connection with the dosage rotating cylinder; the driving mechanism is arranged in the transmission pipe, and the driving mechanism is matched with the connecting sleeve to form an injection sound production structure; the insulin injection pen is switched from a dose adjusting state to an injection state through up-down separation and reunion of the transmission tube, and injection administration is performed through the driving mechanism. The connecting sleeve is made of a plastic part with high hardness, even if the medicament bottle gives reactive force to the driving mechanism during injection, the matching precision between the driving mechanism and the connecting sleeve is not affected, the reliability of the injection sound production structure is improved, and the problem of deformation or failure possibly occurring after the reactive force during long-term injection administration is avoided.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a prediction model for subcutaneous fat hyperplasia caused by insulin injection. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a plurality of participants for questionnaire survey according to inclusion standards; s2, performing ultrasonic inspection on all participants; s3, performing feature screening on the predicted variables by adopting LASSO regression; s4, developing a fat hyperplasia prediction model by using three algorithms of random forest, extreme gradient lifting and logistic regression, and selecting the fat hyperplasia prediction model with the optimal performance for research; and S5, explaining the influence of the predictive variables on the fat hyperplasia prediction model through an SHAP method. According to the method, a machine learning-based insulin injection-induced fat hyperplasia prediction model is created, the constructed extreme gradient lifting machine learning model shows relatively high efficiency in the aspect of predicting the occurrence of fat hyperplasia of the diabetic patient, and the diabetic patient with high-risk fat hyperplasia can be accurately identified.

The invention relates to a small-dose automatic metering, subpackaging and storing device and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of medical medication configuration and intravenous infusion dosing assistance. The intelligent metering injection unit is arranged in the shell and is used for fixedly mounting a disposable syringe; the piston displacement detection assembly is used for detecting piston displacement in real time; the piston driving and locking mechanism is used for driving the piston of the disposable syringe to automatically shift and be locked at a target dose position; the main control module is used for calculating the actual dose according to the piston displacement; wherein the intelligent metering injection unit provides axial guidance for the disposable syringe, the main control module controls the piston driving and locking mechanism according to the actual dose calculated by the piston displacement detection assembly, and closed-loop metering is achieved. High-precision control over insulin small-dose intravenous dosing can be achieved, the pollution risk caused by pumpback or repeated puncture is avoided, and the actual use loss of insulin injection is reduced on the whole.

The utility model discloses auxiliary equipment convenient for insulin injection, which relates to the technical field of medical assistance and comprises an equipment main body, a through hole is arranged above the back of the equipment main body, and a color distinguishing strip is connected above the outer surface of the equipment main body. Through the arrangement of the color distinguishing strip, the first distinguishing plate, the second distinguishing plate and the date distinguishing block, the seven iridescent colors on the color distinguishing strip correspond to the characters from the weekly one to the weekly day on the date distinguishing block respectively, and therefore the position needing to be injected on the day is determined, for example, insulin injection needs to be conducted in the weekly one; if not, a red color distinguishing strip is arranged or a date distinguishing block in a round-line shape is arranged, and insulin injection should be carried out on the left upper abdomen; according to the insulin injection device, mistaken injection, missed injection and mistaken injection of insulin injection can be reduced, subcutaneous induration caused by improper insulin injection of a diabetic patient is reduced, and complications such as infection, bruise and subcutaneous lipoatrophy of an injection part are reduced.

The application discloses a kind of sterile insulin injection devices for diabetic patients in the field of insulin injection, including two the installation frame mutually close one side upper portion It is provided with side support on each, it is provided with middle support between two side supports, the left and right ends of the middle support are connected with corresponding side support respectively via a height adjusting assembly, it is provided with the movable seat that can move transversely on the middle support, it is provided with the injection positioning mechanism that can swing position forward and backward on the movable seat, the injector is installed on the injection positioning mechanism;The outside of two the installation frame is connected with several transverse coupling belts, the outward end of each coupling belt on left side is fixed with fixed part one, the outward end of each coupling belt on right side is fixed with fixed part two.The application can realize sterile insulin injection, avoid the infection of injection site caused by non-standard operation.

The utility model provides a multifunctional refrigeration box which comprises a box body, a box cover and a box cover. An upper cover; a bracket; the heat preservation device is supported on the bracket and is used for supporting and placing an insulin injection pen; the needle head fixing piece is arranged in the box body and located below the heat preservation device, and the needle head fixing piece is used for fixing a needle head; the temperature detection element is arranged in the heat preservation device and used for detecting the temperature in the heat preservation device and sending the temperature to the control module; the alarm element is arranged in the box body and is used for giving an alarm prompt under the control of the control module; the charging panel is arranged in the box body, and a charging interface is formed in the charging panel; and the power storage module is arranged in the box body, is used for supplying power to the alarm element and the temperature detection element, and is connected with the charging panel. According to the multifunctional refrigeration box, the insulin injection pen and a plurality of insulin needles can be placed in the refrigeration box at the same time, the insulin injection pen in the refrigeration box can carry one insulin needle and one refill, the limited space in the box body is fully utilized to store a whole set of articles needed by insulin injection, and the multifunctional refrigeration box is compact in structure and convenient to carry. The heat preservation device is arranged in the cold storage box, and cold storage and heat preservation can be conducted on medicine in an insulin needle carried by the insulin injection pen.

The utility model provides a refrigeration box which comprises a box body, a box cover and a box cover. The bracket is arranged in the box body and is close to the upper end opening; the heat preservation device is supported on the support, and the insulin injection pen is arranged in the heat preservation device; the heat preservation device comprises a vacuum bin fixing piece which is rotationally connected with the support through a rotary connecting part, the vacuum bin fixing piece is provided with an inner cavity, and the end, away from the rotary connecting part, of the vacuum bin fixing piece is provided with an opening communicating with the inner cavity; and the vacuum bin is inserted into the inner cavity from the opening of the vacuum bin fixing piece, and a lining shell is fixedly arranged in the vacuum bin. According to the cold storage box, the heat preservation device comprising the vacuum bin fixing piece and the vacuum bin is arranged in the cold storage box, heat transfer is slowed down through the vacuum bin, the lining shell arranged in the vacuum bin is located in a relatively constant-temperature environment, and cold storage and heat preservation can be conducted on medicine in an insulin needle carried by an insulin injection pen.

The application belongs to the technical field of medicine production and relates to responsive sustained / controlled release microspheres and a preparation method and application thereof.The responsive sustained / controlled release microspheres comprise, by weight fraction, 160-200 parts of acetalized dextran, 40-80 parts of polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer, 10-30 parts of a drug, 3-7 parts of glucose oxidase and 0.5-1.5 parts of catalase; the mass ratio of the acetalized dextran and the polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer is 3-5:1.The microspheres can release insulin responsively according to blood glucose, once administration can stabilize blood glucose for 20 hours, and can ensure safety while effectively reducing blood glucose, and will not cause a series of life-threatening symptoms such as hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin injection.The blood glucose maintenance cycle can be adjusted according to the dose of the microspheres, and the purpose of long-term stable blood glucose is achieved.At the same time, the size and performance of the microspheres are uniform and stable.

A method of improving insulin delivery includes detecting a dosing event of an upcoming insulin dose, identifying a next injection site to recommend to a user for the upcoming insulin dose, and transmitting a recommended injection site to a delivery device to be displayed on the delivery device. The method further includes receiving a user selection of a plurality of injection sites to include within an injection site recommendation profile, receiving a user selection of an injection cycle to utilize within the injection site recommendation profile, and generating an injection site recommendation profile.

The present application relates to the technical field of insulin injection, in particular to a moon phase insulin syringe, which comprises a syringe body, a protective cover, a connecting chuck, a connecting clasp, a connecting ring, a connecting threaded ring, a connecting threaded groove, a connecting head and a needle, the connecting chuck is fixedly connected at the bottom of the syringe body, the connecting clasp is fixedly connected at the bottom end of the connecting chuck, the protective cover is clamped and fixedly connected at the bottom end of the connecting chuck through the connecting clasp, the connecting threaded ring is fixedly connected at the middle of the bottom end of the syringe body, the connecting ring is fixedly connected at the bottom end of the connecting chuck, the connecting threaded ring is located inside the connecting ring, and the connecting threaded groove is arranged between the connecting threaded ring and the connecting ring. The connecting adjusting part and the stamping part can leave a decorative pattern around the injection needle hole during the process of inserting the needle into the skin to inject insulin, the pattern can shield the needle hole, and the position and the number of needle pricking can be known by observing the pattern.

The invention discloses adjustable insulin injection positioning equipment which comprises a contact plate, a blood sampling cylinder, a piston rod, a sliding plate, a sliding plate, a matching piece, an inserting piece, a sliding block, a first adjusting piece and a rotating plate. A power part for driving the rotating plate to operate is arranged on the contact plate, the sliding plate is fixed to the blood sampling cylinder, the sliding block is matched with the piston rod through a matching part, and a second adjusting part is arranged between the sliding plate and the contact plate and used for adjusting the inclination angle of the sliding plate; the matching piece is used for being matched with the sliding block which slides in a reciprocating mode and the first adjusting piece to act, so that the blood sampling barrel and the piston rod move and are inserted into the body of a patient, then the piston rod is automatically pulled to complete blood sampling, and finally the blood sampling barrel and the piston rod are synchronously pulled out of the body of the patient. The device is simple in structure and convenient to use, needle inserting, blood sampling and separation after blood sampling can be completed without additional operation and device, the inserting inclination and the inserting depth of a blood sampling tube can be adaptively adjusted, and the device is high in applicability.

The application provides an insulin injection treatment vehicle, which comprises an operation table top and a first drawer arranged at the lower side of the operation table top; the rear part of the operation table top is formed as an elongated insertion hole; a sharp container is arranged in the first drawer, and the cross section of the sharp container is rectangular; the sharp container comprises a container body and an insertion plate, and the insertion plate is used for closing the upper end opening of the container body; when the first drawer is in a pushed-in state, the container body corresponds to the rear part of the operation table top and is arranged directly below the insertion hole, the insertion plate of the sharp container is in a pulled-out state, the upper end opening of the container body is open, and the sharp inserted through the insertion hole falls into the container body through the rear part of the operation table top; when the first drawer is in a pulled-out state, the container body corresponds to the front part of the operation table top and deviates from the insertion hole, the insertion plate of the sharp container is in a pushed-in state, and the sharp container is closed.

1. Name of the product in this design: Standardized Insulin Injection Education Rotary Canister. 2. Purpose of this design: This product is mainly used in educational settings for disposable injection needles. This article mainly introduces the selection of disposable needles and the dangers of reusing needles. At the same time, it provides a way to observe the needle through microscopic magnification. 3. The key design elements of this product are the combination of shape, pattern, and color. 4. The image or photograph that best illustrates the design highlights: 3D view of component 3. 5. The design for which protection is sought includes color. 6. The bottom surface of this design product is a part that is not easily seen or not visible during use, so the bottom view of component 1 is omitted; the bottom surface of this design product is a part that is not easily seen or not visible during use, so the bottom view of component 2 is omitted; the bottom surface of this design product is a part that is not easily seen or not visible during use, so the bottom view of component 4 is omitted. 7. Other situations requiring explanation: Component description: Component 1 and Component 2 are display modules, Component 3 is a needle observation module, and Component 4 is a power supply module for Component 1, Component 2, and Component 3.

The utility model provides an interactive multifunctional insulin injection prompt box which comprises a box body, a cavity structure is arranged in the box body, the middle of the interior of the box body is divided into a recovery chamber and a storage chamber in the vertical direction, the recovery chamber is located at the top of the storage chamber, and a needle feeding hole communicated with the recovery chamber is formed in the upper end of the box body. A needle head separating device is arranged at the upper end of the box body and comprises a needle head separating button and a telescopic rod connected with the needle head separating button, the needle head separating button comprises a push rod and a needle head fixing seat, the needle head fixing seat is clamped with the needle head, and the push rod is slidably connected with the needle head fixing seat to push the needle head into the needle head feeding hole; by arranging the intelligent controller, old diabetics can follow their treatment plans better, and by arranging the needle separating button, the needle feeding hole, the recovery chamber, the push rod and the needle fixing seat, automatic separation of the needle and the injector can be achieved conveniently.

The invention relates to an automatic subcutaneous insulin injection device for the endocrinology department. The automatic subcutaneous insulin injection device comprises a rack, an arm fixing module, an automatic injection module, a driving module and a main control module. The arm fixing module is provided with an adjustable supporting seat and a fixing belt and is used for being matched with arms of different patients. The automatic injection module adopts a pneumatic design, and a negative pressure hole in a needle can adsorb skin to form wrinkles, so that intramuscular injection is avoided; the first pneumatic telescopic piece drives the needle cylinder to pierce subcutaneously, and the second pneumatic telescopic piece pushes the piston to complete injection. The driving module controls overall lifting, and the main control module coordinates all actions. The device realizes automation and standardization of arm insulin injection, is safe and efficient to operate, and is suitable for a clinical environment.

The invention relating to a thermostatically-storable smart insulin injection device is configured to include: a casing, a syringe installed inside the casing and with a guide installed at a lower end to be in contact with the skin during the insulin injection; a cartridge housed inside the syringe in a state of insulin being stored and with a piston installed at an upper side and with a needle surrounded by the guide provided at a lower side; an insulin injection unit pushing the piston of the cartridge to inject the insulin into the skin through the needle; and a Peltier module supplying cold or warm air to the syringe to maintain temperature of the interior of the syringe with the cartridge housed inside the syringe within a set temperature range.

A method, system, and computer readable medium for a dual mode closed loop control (CLC) system is provided that integrates each of (i) an adaptive, individualized model predictive control (MPC) control law that adjusts the control strength of insulin infusion as a function of recent past control actions, glucose measurements, and derivatives thereof, (ii) an automatic bolus priming system (BPS) that commands an extra insulin injection upon detection of a viable metabolic condition (e.g., an unannounced meal), and (iii) a hyperglycemia mitigation system (HMS) to avoid pervasive hyperglycemia.