Wind and light module for plant factory and use method of wind and light module

Abstract

The wind and light module comprises a mounting frame, a light module and a plurality of wind modules, the light module comprises a side illumination type light reflecting part and a light source, and the side illumination type light reflecting part comprises a first light reflecting part, a second light reflecting part and a third light reflecting part; the first light reflecting component and the second light reflecting component are connected to the left side and the right side of the third light reflecting component, and the light source is connected to the lower end of the third light reflecting component; each wind module comprises a wind scooper, blades and a fan, the wind scooper is arranged at the lower end of the fan, the blades are arranged in the wind scooper, and the blades comprise at least one group of blades which are vertically arranged and at least one group of blades which are obliquely arranged. The wind and light module realizes uniform ventilation of a planting area, is matched with a side illumination lamp module for use, combines light and ventilation, provides light energy and a ventilation environment matched with photosynthesis for plant growth, and has a great application market.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plant factories, and in particular to a wind and solar module for a plant factory and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the air flow field and temperature field inside the plant factory are mostly regulated by air conditioning systems, that is, the air flow circulation method of the plant factory indoors is mostly used for regulation. Due to the unreasonable distribution of air inlets and outlets, and the obstruction of the cultivation racks, LED side lighting fixtures, and related measuring instruments inside the plant factory, the air flow field inside the plant factory is unevenly distributed, resulting in reduced photosynthesis and transpiration intensity of crops. In artificial light plant factories, the position and cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet and outlet have a significant impact on the internal temperature field and air flow field distribution. The multi-layer frame structure makes the water, heat, and air in the plant factory uneven, and the plant lamps will also generate a certain amount of heat. In this case, the water and heat distribution of different spatial structures in the plant factory will be uneven, resulting in uneven plant growth; poor local ventilation will also cause heartburn in plants such as lettuce in the plant factory, affecting the quality of plants such as lettuce.

[0003] The overall solution adopted by the traditional ventilation mode cannot adjust the ventilation strategy of local and small modules. In most cases, either horizontal ventilation or vertical duct ventilation is used. Horizontal ventilation will cause uneven ventilation. Although vertical duct straight ventilation can solve the problem of ventilation uniformity, it requires the layout of a large number of ducts, which is a huge amount of engineering. Since different plants have different requirements for air volume and frequency of passage at different growth stages, it is unscientific to adopt the same passage strategy for all plants at different growth stages in the plant factory. It is also impossible to implement refined management and adopt personalized ventilation strategies for different plants at different growth stages. Traditional plant lights are installed on planting racks, which makes it difficult to achieve wind and light coordination. They are installed on the top of the planting area and emit light 120 degrees downward. Some light shines outside the planting area, resulting in energy waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a wind-solar module for a plant factory and a method of use. The wind-solar module combines lighting and ventilation to provide light energy and a ventilation environment that matches photosynthesis for plant growth.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: First, the present invention provides a wind and solar module for a plant factory, comprising: Mounting frame; A light module is arranged on both sides of the mounting frame, the light module comprises a side-illuminated reflector and a light source, the side-illuminated reflector comprises a first reflective component, a second reflective component and a third reflective component, the first reflective component and the second reflective component are connected to the left and right sides of the third reflective component, and the light source is connected to the lower end of the third reflective component; And multiple groups of wind modules, which are arranged in the middle of the mounting frame, each of the multiple groups of wind modules includes an air guide cover, blades and a fan, the air guide cover is arranged at the lower end of the fan, the blades are arranged inside the air guide cover, and the blades include at least one group of vertically placed blades and at least one group of inclined blades.

[0006] Furthermore, the front surface of the first reflective component is a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, a free-form reflective surface, or a combination of several thereof; The front side of the second reflective component is a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, a free-form reflective surface, or a combination of the two; The front side of the third reflective component is a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, a free-form reflective surface, or a combination of the above.

[0007] Furthermore, the first reflecting component is vertically arranged on one side of the third reflecting component, and the second reflecting component is obliquely arranged on the other side of the third reflecting component; the length of the first reflecting component in the vertical direction is greater than the projection length of the second reflecting component in the vertical direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the horizontal emission angle of the optical module ranges from: m=270°-arctan(Ca / a) to n=360°-arctan [(b*sin(180-k)°) / (Cb+b*cos(180-k)°)], and m is greater than or equal to 260 degrees, and n is less than or equal to 335 degrees, wherein k is the angle between the third reflective component and the second reflective component, c is the length of the third reflective component, a is the length of the first reflective component, b is the length of the second reflective component, Ca is the distance from the rightmost end of the light source to the first reflective component, and Cb is the distance from the leftmost end of the light source to the leftmost end of the second reflective component.

[0009] Furthermore, the back surfaces of the first reflective component, the second reflective component and the third reflective component all have array-type rough protrusions; the thermal conductivity of the first reflective component, the second reflective component and the third reflective component is ≥10w·m -1 ·k -1 .

[0010] Furthermore, the first reflective component is connected to the third reflective component in a detachable manner, the second reflective component is connected to the third reflective component in a detachable manner, and the angle between the second reflective component and the third reflective component is adjustable.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the vertically placed blades is greater than or equal to two groups, and the number of the obliquely placed blades is greater than or equal to two groups.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind module further comprises an angle adjustment component, through which the angle of the inclined blades is adjusted.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned wind-solar module, which specifically includes: During pollination, the blowing angle of the wind module is adjusted to adjust the wind direction, thereby shaking the plants and allowing them to complete self-pollination; When the fruit grows, the blowing angle of the wind module is adjusted to adjust the direction of the wind, thereby shaking the plant, allowing the fruit to be colored by the light module, or allowing the leaves within 10 cm of the fruit to be illuminated by the light module to supplement the fruit with nutrients.

[0014] Furthermore, during pollination, the wind direction of the wind module blows from the center to the edge, or from the edge to the center; during fruit growth, the wind direction of the wind module blows from the center of the fruit to the edge of the fruit, or from the edge of the fruit to the center of the fruit.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The light module in the present invention achieves uniform light in the planting area by precisely distributing light and adjusting the light output angle to maximize the energy efficiency of light. The side-illuminated reflector emits light from the side, and both sides provide supplementary light at the same time, avoiding stress and burning of plants by the heat effect in the middle, and achieving control of the light output angle of the lamp and the uniformity of the illuminated surface. The light module saves energy, uses an integrated reflective heat dissipation device to enhance heat dissipation, and has a good heat dissipation effect.

[0016] The wind module of the present invention reflects the vertical wind to the wind at a specific angle by installing a specific number of blades at different angles. The vertically placed blades guide the wind hanging down from the upper fan to the lower part, and the inclined blades guide the wind hanging down from the upper fan to the inclined direction, thereby achieving a uniform ventilation effect on the planting area.

[0017] The present invention uses the wind from the fan to shake the plants, automatically pollinates the plants, and provides supplementary light to the fruit part of the plants through the wind shaking of the fan. When used in conjunction with a side-illumination lamp module, the light and ventilation are combined to provide light energy and a ventilation environment that match photosynthesis for plant growth, and has a huge application market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram of the wind and solar module used in the plant factory of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wind and solar module of the plant factory of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the optical module; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the optical path of the optical module of the present invention; Figure 5 The light path design diagram of the reflective surface in the optical module of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the optical path design parameters of the reflective surface in the optical module of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the light path of the arc-shaped reflective surface in the optical module of the present invention; Figure 8 Far-field light distribution of the optical module of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the wind module of the present invention from one perspective; Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the wind module of the present invention from another perspective.

[0019] Reference numerals: 10-Mounting frame; 20-light module; 21-first reflective component; 22-second reflective component; 23-third reflective component; 24-light source; 30 - wind module; 31 - wind guide cover; 32 - blades; 33 - fan; 321 - vertically placed blades; 322 - inclined blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical direction", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection, it can be connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 10 The embodiment of the present invention provides a wind and light module for a plant factory, including: a mounting frame 10, an optical module 20 and a plurality of wind modules 30, wherein the optical modules 20 are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 10, and the plurality of wind modules 30 are arranged in the middle of the mounting frame 10.

[0024] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the light module 20 includes a first reflective component 21, a second reflective component 22 and a third reflective component 23. The first reflective component 21 and the second reflective component 22 are connected to the left and right sides of the third reflective component 23, and the light source 24 is connected to the lower end of the third reflective component 23. Specifically, the first reflective component 21 is vertically arranged on one side of the third reflective component 23, and the second reflective component 22 is obliquely arranged on the other side of the third reflective component 23. The length of the first reflective component 21 in the vertical direction is greater than the projection length of the second reflective component 22 in the vertical direction, forming a side-illuminated reflector. After the side-illuminated reflector is added with the light source 24, light is emitted from the first reflective component 21 to the plane below, thereby realizing side-illuminated lighting.

[0025] In this embodiment, the backs of the first reflective member 21, the second reflective member 22 and the third reflective member 23 all have array-type rough protrusions, which can be formed by laser processing or casting. The thermal conductivity of the first reflective member 21, the second reflective member 22 and the third reflective member 23 is ≥10w·m -1 ·k -1 , made of aluminum, it can both reflect light and dissipate heat.

[0026] In the present invention, the light source 24 is a SMD LED lamp bead, a ceramic base lamp bead or an imitation lumen lamp bead, and the light source 24 is connected to the third reflective component 23 through thermal grease or thermal conductive silicone or welding. Specifically, in this embodiment, the light source 24 is a SMD LED lamp bead, and the SMD LED lamp bead is welded on the third reflective component 23.

[0027] In this embodiment, a plurality of through holes are provided on the third reflective component 23, which can allow hot air to rise, thereby increasing the heat dissipation efficiency of the lamp, improving the heat dissipation capacity, reducing the junction temperature of the lamp bead chip, and increasing the life of the lamp.

[0028] In this embodiment, during the assembly process, the first reflective component 21 and the third reflective component 23 are connected by plugging and pulling, the second reflective component 22 and the third reflective component 23 are hinged, and the angle between the second reflective component 22 and the third reflective component 23 can be adjusted.

[0029] In this embodiment, the included angle k between the third reflective component 23 and the second reflective component 22 is: The length of the first reflecting member 21 is a. The length of the second reflective member 22 is b, The length of the third reflective component 23 is c, The distance between the rightmost end of the light source 24 and the first light reflecting component 21 is Ca. The distance between the leftmost end of the light source 24 and the leftmost end of the second reflective component 22 is Cb. Then the horizontal emission angle of the optical module 20 is in the range of: m=270°-arctan(Ca / a) to n=360°-arctan[(b*sin(180-k)°) / (Cb+b*cos(180-k)°)].

[0030] In the present invention, the front surfaces of the first reflective component 21, the second reflective component 22, and the third reflective component 23 are all one or a combination of a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, and a free-form curved reflective surface. When the front surface of the first reflective component 21 is a curved reflective surface or the front surface of the second reflective component 22 is a curved reflective surface, the curved reflective surface only changes the vertical direction of the LED emitted light, and does not change the horizontal direction of the LED emitted light. The curved reflective surface changes the direction of the reflected light by changing the curvature.

[0031] Figure 5 As shown, the light emitted by the LED lamp bead is OT i and OT i+1, All of them are directly irradiated onto the target surface; the other part is incident on the target surface after being reflected by the reflective surface, such as OP i and OP i+1 That's it.

[0032] The distribution of LED luminous intensity is Lambertian. The light directly irradiated on the target surface has high irradiance in the area under the lamp bead, while the irradiance towards the center of the target surface is relatively low. Therefore, the light reflected by the reflective surface must make up for the uneven irradiance distribution of the light directly incident on the target surface. The area with relatively strong luminous intensity distribution is from the center to the edge of the target surface, and the area with weak luminous intensity is under the lamp bead. In this way, the light directly incident on the target surface is superimposed with the light incident on the target surface through the reflective surface, and finally a uniform irradiance distribution is generated on the target surface. In this embodiment, the front side of the first reflective component 21 is an arc-shaped reflective surface, and the front sides of the second reflective component 22 and the third reflective component 23 are both mirror reflective surfaces. The design method of the reflective surface of the first reflective component 21 includes: First, determine the position parameters of the light source 24, the position parameters of the illuminated plane, the boundary parameters and the light emission angle, and calculate the position parameters of the light reflection point on the reflective surface of the first reflective component 21, and the vector parameters of the incident light and the reflected light; Secondly, based on the data from the previous step and in combination with the law of vector reflection, the normal vector of the starting reflection point on the reflective surface of the first reflective component 21 is obtained, the step size of the exit angle of the illuminated plane light is set, and the position of the next reflection point on the reflective surface of the first reflective component 21 is calculated according to the law of reflection. Then, the above steps are repeated to calculate the normal vectors of different reflection points and the positions of the reflection points in turn, and the calculation is ended according to the above boundary conditions; the first reflection surface is generated according to the positions of different reflection points and their normal vectors.

[0033] The design process of the arc-shaped reflecting surface of the first reflecting member 21 is as follows: Determine the exit angle of the sampling light incident on the reflective surface; like Figure 6 As shown, before calculating the coordinates of the reflective surface, the boundary conditions of the side light bar must be set first. Assuming that the horizontal distance from the light bar emitting point (the center of the light source 24) to the reflective surface is d, the horizontal distance from the edge of the target surface is D, and the vertical distance is H, we can get: (1-1), and (1-2), h is the vertical height of the reflective surface; The angle of incidence of light on the reflective surface θ out for: (1-3), Its range is θ s -π / 2, this is the boundary angle condition.

[0034] Since it is known , we can get the coordinates of the edge points of the reflective surface P n ( x n ，y n ） ,in x n =d, y n = , with the center of the light source as the coordinate origin, the light emitted from the light source point O passes through P n Point after reflection T n The incident and outgoing ray vectors are OP n and P n T n , according to the vector form of the reflection law: (1-4).

[0035] like Figure 7 , Out and In are the vectors of the incident light and the outgoing light respectively, so we can get P n The normal vector N n ,Pass P n The slope of can be expressed as: (1-5), Light OP n-1 The corresponding exit angle is θ n-1 ,have (1-6).

[0036] By combining equations 1-5 and 1-6, we can get the secondary reflection point of the first reflection surface: P n-1 ( x n-1 ，y n-1 ） , and so on, there is the following relationship between any two adjacent points: (1-7), (1-8), The iteration relationship is: (1-9), (1-10).

[0037] Matlab can be used to obtain the coordinates of the reflective surface according to the formula, and the modeling software Solidworks can be used to obtain the stp file, thereby realizing the design of the specific curved reflective surface in the 3D software.

[0038] In the present invention, the wind module 30 includes an air guide cover 31, blades 32, an angle adjustment component and a fan 33, wherein the air guide cover 31 is arranged at the lower end of the fan 33, the blades 32 are arranged inside the air guide cover 31, the blades 32 include at least one group of vertically placed blades 321, and at least one group of vertically placed blades 322, the angle adjustment component is connected to the vertically placed blades 322, and the angle of the vertically placed blades 322 can be adjusted by the angle adjustment component. Specifically, the number of the vertically placed blades 321 is greater than or equal to two groups, and the number of the vertically placed blades 322 is greater than or equal to two groups.

[0039] In this embodiment, the number of the vertically placed blades 321 is four groups, and the number of the vertically placed blades 322 is two groups. The angle adjustment component can be implemented by a DC motor, which is connected to the vertically placed blades 322. When the angle needs to be adjusted, the DC motor is powered to rotate the blades 32. When the angle is appropriate, the power supply is stopped. If reverse adjustment is required, a reverse current is passed to rotate the angle in the reverse direction.

[0040] How to use the above-mentioned scenery and solar modules: During pollination, the blowing angle of the wind module 30 is adjusted over time, and the wind direction blows from the center to the edge, or from the edge to the center, so as to shake the plants and allow the plants to complete self-pollination; When the fruit grows, the blowing angle of the wind module 30 is adjusted to adjust the direction of the wind. The wind blows from the center of the fruit to the edge of the fruit, or from the edge of the fruit to the center of the fruit, thereby shaking the plant so that the fruit can be illuminated and colored by the light module 20, or the leaves within 10 cm of the fruit can be illuminated by the light module 20 to supplement the fruit with nutrients.

[0041] Examples: The test variety is butter lettuce, and the nutrient solution is a special lettuce formula. The nutrient solution concentration is: EC: 2.5ms / cm, and the nutrient solution element ratio is: N 10mmol / L, P 2mmol / L, K 6mmol / L, Ca 4mmol / L, Mg 1mmol / L, S 3mmol / L. A special side-emitting plant spectrum is used, the supplementary light duration is 16 hours, and the PPFD is 250umol / m 2 / s; The planting method was modular hydroponic planting method, with 3 treatments designed, each treatment was repeated 3 times, and the number of seedlings planted in each treatment was 12.

[0042] Treatment 1: Control: No ventilation Treatment 2: The wind speed during the whole growth period is 0.2-0.4m / s, the ventilation time is 50 minutes, and the ventilation is stopped for 10 minutes.

[0043] Treatment 3: 1-5 days after transplanting, the ventilation speed during the light period is 0.01-0.1m / s, the ventilation time is 50 minutes, the ventilation is stopped for 10 minutes, and no ventilation is adopted during the harvest period. 6-10 days after transplanting, the ventilation speed during the light period is 0.05-0.15m / s, the ventilation time is 55 minutes, the ventilation is stopped for 5 minutes, and the ventilation is stopped during the dark period; 11-20 days after transplanting, the ventilation speed during the light period is 0.1-0.3m / s, the ventilation time is 55 minutes, the ventilation is stopped for 5 minutes, and the ventilation speed during the dark period is 0.01-0.1m / s, the ventilation time is 50 minutes, and the ventilation is stopped for 10 minutes.

[0044] The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1

[0046] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the yield of treatment 2 increased by 11% compared with the control, the water consumption increased by 16%, and the lettuce did not burn. The yield of treatment 3 increased by 17% compared with the control, the water consumption increased by 13%, and the lettuce did not burn. The results show that the refined ventilation management mode is conducive to increasing yield, preventing lettuce from burning, and reducing water consumption.

[0047] The above only expresses the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A wind and solar module for a plant factory, characterized by: include: Mounting frame; A light module is arranged on both sides of the mounting frame, the light module comprises a side-illuminated reflector and a light source, the side-illuminated reflector comprises a first reflective component, a second reflective component and a third reflective component, the first reflective component and the second reflective component are connected to the left and right sides of the third reflective component, and the light source is connected to the lower end of the third reflective component; And multiple groups of wind modules, which are arranged in the middle of the mounting frame, each of the multiple groups of wind modules includes an air guide cover, blades and a fan, the air guide cover is arranged at the lower end of the fan, the blades are arranged inside the air guide cover, and the blades include at least one group of vertically placed blades and at least one group of inclined blades.

2. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the first reflective component is a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, a free-form reflective surface, or a combination of the above; The front side of the second reflective component is a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, a free-form reflective surface, or a combination of the two; The front side of the third reflective component is a mirror reflective surface, a curved reflective surface, a multi-segment curved reflective surface, a free-form reflective surface, or a combination of the above.

3. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reflecting component is vertically arranged on one side of the third reflecting component, and the second reflecting component is obliquely arranged on the other side of the third reflecting component; the length of the first reflecting component in the vertical direction is greater than the projection length of the second reflecting component in the vertical direction.

4. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal emission angle of the optical module ranges from m=270°-arctan (Ca / a) to n=360°-arctan [(b*sin(180-k)°) / (Cb+b*cos(180-k)°)], and m is greater than or equal to 260 degrees, and n is less than or equal to 335 degrees, wherein k is the angle between the third reflective component and the second reflective component, c is the length of the third reflective component, a is the length of the first reflective component, b is the length of the second reflective component, Ca is the distance from the rightmost end of the light source to the first reflective component, and Cb is the distance from the leftmost end of the light source to the leftmost end of the second reflective component.

5. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 2, characterized in that: The backs of the first reflective component, the second reflective component and the third reflective component all have array-type rough protrusions; the thermal conductivity of the first reflective component, the second reflective component and the third reflective component is ≥10w·m -1 ·k -1 .

6. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reflective component is detachably connected to the third reflective component, the second reflective component is detachably connected to the third reflective component, and the angle between the second reflective component and the third reflective component is adjustable.

7. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the vertically placed blades is greater than or equal to two groups, and the number of the obliquely placed blades is greater than or equal to two groups.

8. The wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind module further comprises an angle adjustment component, through which the angle of the inclined blades is adjusted.

9. The method for using the wind-solar module for a plant factory according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: During pollination, the blowing angle of the wind module is adjusted to adjust the wind direction, thereby shaking the plants and allowing them to complete self-pollination; When the fruit grows, the blowing angle of the wind module is adjusted to adjust the direction of the wind, thereby shaking the plant, allowing the fruit to be colored by the light module, or allowing the leaves within 10 cm of the fruit to be illuminated by the light module to supplement the fruit with nutrients.

10. The method for using the wind and solar module for a plant factory according to claim 9, characterized in that: During pollination, the wind direction of its wind module blows from the center to the edge, or from the edge to the center; When the fruit is growing, the wind direction of the wind module blows from the center of the fruit to the edge of the fruit, or from the edge of the fruit to the center of the fruit.

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