Fresh corn multi-crop rotation planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh corn multi-crop rotation planting method. The method comprises the following steps of soil preparation and fertilization, seed selection and drying, transplanting and field planting, field management, ecological prevention and control of diseases, weeds and weeds, and timely harvesting and packaging. According to the fresh corn multi-crop rotation planting method, through the reasonable steps of soil preparation and fertilization, seed selection and drying, transplanting and field planting, field management and the like, the soil environment can be optimized, the growth speed and stress resistance of corn can be improved, and therefore the yield of fresh corn can be remarkably increased; meanwhile, diseases, weeds and pests are prevented and controlled by adopting an ecological prevention and control means, and prevention measures, comprehensive prevention and control and ecological prevention and control are combined, so that the incidence rate and the harm degree of the diseases and pests are effectively reduced, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced, the disease and pest resistance of the fresh corn is improved, and the yield of the fresh corn is increased by intercropping other high-added-value vegetable varieties in autumn and winter. The land utilization rate and economic benefits are further improved, and income is increased and sources are widened for farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and in particular to a multi-crop rotation planting method for fresh corn. Background Art

[0002] As a nutritious agricultural product with a unique taste, fresh corn has been very popular in the market in recent years. However, the traditional single-crop planting model has problems of low yield and low efficiency, which is difficult to meet the growing market demand. In order to improve the yield and quality of fresh corn and increase farmers' income, multi-crop rotation planting technology has emerged.

[0003] The traditional method of growing fresh corn is often affected by multiple factors such as soil fertility, pests and diseases, and climate, resulting in unstable yields. The single-crop planting model makes land utilization rate low. In addition, due to the seasonal fluctuations in the market demand for fresh corn, traditional planting methods are difficult to flexibly respond to changes in market demand. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a multi-crop rotation planting method for fresh corn. The technical scheme adopted includes the following steps: land preparation and fertilization, seed selection and drying, transplanting and planting, field management, ecological prevention and control of pests and diseases, and timely harvesting and packaging.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the multi-crop rotation planting method of fresh corn of the present invention, in the land preparation and fertilization step, a terrace or slope land that is sheltered from the wind, facing the sun, has good drainage and no flood risk is selected, and 1-2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer and 100 kilograms of compound fertilizer are applied per mu as base fertilizer, and the strip ditch application method is adopted, and ridges are formed and film covering is used for planting.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the fresh corn multi-crop rotation planting method of the present invention, in the seed selection and drying step, broken, shriveled and incomplete seeds are picked out, and the seeds are dried for 2-3 days on a sunny day.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the multi-crop rotation planting method of fresh corn of the present invention, in the transplanting and planting step, the beds are opened at 1.6 meters, 4 rows are planted in each bed, the nest spacing is 0.28-0.3 meters, the row spacing is 0.4 meters, the per-acre density reaches 5500-6000 plants, and water is poured after transplanting to establish rooting.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for the multi-crop rotation planting method of fresh corn of the present invention, the field management steps include topdressing, irrigation and intertillage weeding. After topdressing, irrigation is carried out in time according to the weather and soil moisture conditions to ensure the moisture required for corn growth. At the same time, regular intertillage weeding is planned to improve the soil aggregate structure and reduce water evaporation.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the multi-crop rotation planting method of fresh corn of the present invention, during the topdressing process, the seedlings are led in 5-10 days after transplanting or 5 days after direct seeding, and topdressing is carried out on sunny days. At the seedling stage, 20 kg / mu of urea is applied to promote the growth of seedlings; 25 kg / mu of urea and 40 kg / mu of compound fertilizer are applied as ear fertilizer, and 50 kg of bud fertilizer is applied to promote the growth of thick ears and full grains.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the multi-crop rotation planting method of fresh corn of the present invention, the ecological prevention and control steps of diseases, insects and weeds include preventive measures, integrated prevention and control, and ecological prevention and control. By selecting disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties, cultivating strong seedlings, and taking preventive measures for healthy soil management, a method combining agricultural prevention and control, biological prevention and control, and chemical prevention and control is adopted to comprehensively prevent and control corn large and small leaf spot, rust, sheath blight, aphids, borers, fall armyworm, and ear rot, and ecological prevention and control means such as natural enemies, sex attractants, and biological pesticides are used for prevention and control.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the multi-crop rotation planting method of fresh corn of the present invention, in the timely harvesting and packaging steps, the fresh corn must be harvested within the milky stage of corn, and the harvesting time should be based on the weather, variety and market demand. After harvesting, it should be pre-cooled in time and packaged for sale.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the fresh corn multi-crop rotation planting method of the present invention, after the timely harvest, suitable vegetable varieties are selected for intercropping according to the local climate and market demand, and corresponding field management measures are taken.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can optimize the soil environment, improve the growth rate and stress resistance of corn, and thus significantly increase the yield of fresh corn through reasonable steps such as land preparation and fertilization, seed selection and drying, transplanting and planting, and field management; at the same time, through agricultural measures, integrated prevention and control, and ecological prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, the incidence and degree of harm of diseases and insect pests are effectively reduced, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the disease and insect pest resistance of fresh corn is improved; by intercropping other high-value-added vegetable varieties in autumn and winter, the land utilization rate and economic benefits are further improved, and the income source is increased and broadened for farmers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Example 1

[0015] The invention discloses a method for planting fresh corn in a multi-crop rotation. The technical scheme adopted is as follows: land preparation and fertilization, selecting a terrace or sloping land that is sheltered from wind, facing the sun, has good drainage and has no flood risk, and applying 1 ton of decomposed organic fertilizer and 100 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, adopting a strip ditch application method, ridge formation, and film covering for planting; selecting and sun-drying seeds, picking out broken grains, shriveled grains, and seeds with incomplete grains, and sun-drying seeds for 2 days on a sunny day; transplanting and planting, according to a 1.6-meter opening, planting 4 rows in each row, with a nest spacing of 0.28 meters, a row spacing of 0.4 meters, and a density of 5,500 plants per mu, and watering for rooting after transplanting; field management, including topdressing, irrigation, and intertillage weeding. After topdressing, timely irrigation is carried out according to weather and soil moisture conditions to ensure the moisture required for corn growth, and intertillage weeding is planned regularly to improve soil aggregate structure and reduce water evaporation. In the process of topdressing, 5 days after transplanting or 5 days after direct sowing, the seeds are planted in a row. After 14 days, start to pull the seedlings in and choose a sunny day for topdressing. Apply 20kg / mu of urea at the seedling stage to promote the growth of seedlings; apply 25kg / mu of urea and 40kg / mu of compound fertilizer as ear fertilizer, and apply 50kg of bud fertilizer to promote thick ears and full grains; ecological prevention and control of pests and diseases, including agricultural measures, integrated prevention and control, and ecological prevention and control, by selecting disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties, cultivating strong seedlings, disinfecting the soil and other measures, comprehensively prevent and control corn large and small leaf spot, rust, sheath blight, aphids, borers, fall armyworm and ear rot, and use ecological prevention and control methods such as natural enemies, sex attractants and biological pesticides for prevention and control; timely harvest and packaging. Fresh corn must be harvested during the milky stage of corn, and the harvesting time should be based on weather, variety and market demand. After harvesting, it should be pre-cooled in time and packaged for sale. After the timely harvest, choose suitable vegetable varieties for intercropping according to local climate and market demand, and take corresponding field management measures.

[0016] Example 2

[0017] The method comprises the following steps: land preparation and fertilization, selecting a terrace or sloping land that is sheltered from the wind, facing the sun, with good drainage and no risk of flooding, and applying 1.5 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer and 100 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, adopting the strip ditch application method, ridge formation, and film covering for planting; seed selection and seed drying, picking out broken, shriveled, and incomplete seeds, and choosing a sunny day to dry the seeds for 2.5 days; transplanting and planting, according to a 1.6-meter opening, 4 rows are planted in each bed, with a nest spacing of 0.29 meters, a row spacing of 0.4 meters, and a density of 5,750 plants per mu, and watering the plants after transplanting to establish roots; field management, including topdressing, irrigation, and intertillage and weeding. After topdressing, timely irrigation is carried out according to the weather and soil moisture conditions to ensure the moisture required for corn growth. At the same time, regular intertillage and weeding are planned to improve the soil aggregate structure and reduce water evaporation. During the topdressing process, the seedlings are introduced 7 days after transplanting or 5 days after direct seeding, and topdressing is carried out on a sunny day , apply 20kg / mu of urea at the seedling stage to promote seedling growth; apply 25kg / mu of urea, 40kg / mu of compound fertilizer and 50kg of bud fertilizer as ear fertilizer to promote thick ears and full grains; ecological prevention and control of pests and diseases, including agricultural measures, integrated prevention and control and ecological prevention and control, through the selection of disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties, cultivation of strong seedlings, soil disinfection and other measures, comprehensive prevention and control of corn large and small leaf spot, rust, sheath blight, aphids, borers, fall armyworm and ear rot, use natural enemies, sex attractants and biological pesticides for ecological prevention and control; timely harvest and packaging, fresh corn must be harvested during the milky stage of corn, and the harvesting time should be based on weather, variety and market demand. After harvesting, it should be pre-cooled in time and packaged for sale. After the timely harvest, according to the local climate and market demand, select suitable high-value-added vegetable varieties for intercropping, and take corresponding field management measures.

[0018] Example 3

[0019] The method comprises the following steps: land preparation and fertilization, selecting a terrace or slope that is sheltered from the wind, facing the sun, with good drainage and no risk of flooding, and applying 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer and 100 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, adopting the strip ditch application method, ridge formation and film covering for planting; seed selection and seed drying, picking out broken, shriveled and incomplete seeds, and drying the seeds on a sunny day for 3 days; transplanting and planting, with a 1.6-meter opening, 4 rows per box, a nest spacing of 0.3 meters, a row spacing of 0.4 meters, and a density of 6,000 plants per mu, and watering after transplanting to establish roots; field management, including topdressing, irrigation and intertillage and weeding. After topdressing, timely irrigation is carried out according to the weather and soil moisture conditions to ensure the moisture required for corn growth. At the same time, regular intertillage and weeding are planned to improve the soil aggregate structure and reduce water evaporation. During the topdressing process, the seedlings are introduced 10 days after transplanting or 5 days after direct sowing, and topdressing is carried out on a sunny day. Apply 20kg / mu of urea at the seedling stage to promote the growth of seedlings; apply 25kg / mu of urea and 40kg / mu of compound fertilizer as ear fertilizer, and apply 50kg of bud fertilizer to promote thick ears and full grains; ecological prevention and control of pests and diseases, including agricultural measures, integrated prevention and control, and ecological prevention and control. By selecting disease-resistant and pest-resistant varieties, cultivating strong seedlings, and disinfecting the soil, comprehensive prevention and control of corn large and small leaf spot, rust, sheath blight, aphids, borers, fall armyworm, and ear rot are carried out. Ecological prevention and control methods such as natural enemies, sex attractants, and biological pesticides are used for prevention and control; timely harvest and packaging. Fresh corn must be harvested during the milky stage of corn, and the harvesting time should be based on weather, variety, and market demand. After harvesting, it should be pre-cooled in time and packaged for sale. After the timely harvest, according to the local climate and market demand, suitable high-value-added vegetable varieties should be selected for intercropping, and corresponding field management measures should be taken.

[0020] The circuit connection involved in the present invention is a common method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments, and it belongs to the widely used existing technology.

[0021] Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0022] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and modifications or deformations without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotations, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Land preparation and fertilization, seed selection and drying, transplanting and planting, field management, ecological prevention and control of pests and diseases, timely harvesting and packaging.

2. A method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotations according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the land preparation and fertilization step, a terrace or slope that is sheltered from the wind, facing the sun, has good drainage and is free of flood risks is selected, and 1-2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer and 100 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu as base fertilizer. The strip ditch application method is adopted, and ridges are formed and film-covered planting is carried out.

3. A method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotations according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the seed selection and drying step, broken seeds, shriveled seeds, and seeds with incomplete seeds are picked out, and the seeds are dried for 2-3 days on a sunny day.

4. The method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the transplanting and planting steps, the beds are opened at a distance of 1.6 meters, 4 rows are planted in each bed, the nest spacing is 0.28-0.3 meters, the row spacing is 0.4 meters, the density per mu reaches 5500-6000 plants, and water is poured after transplanting to ensure rooting.

5. The method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The field management steps include topdressing, irrigation and intertillage weeding. After topdressing, timely irrigation is carried out according to the weather and soil moisture conditions to ensure the moisture required for corn growth. At the same time, regular intertillage weeding is planned to improve soil aggregate structure and reduce water evaporation.

6. A method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotations according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the topdressing process, the seedlings are pulled in 5-10 days after transplanting or 5 days after direct sowing, and topdressing is carried out on sunny days. 20 kg / mu of urea is applied at the seedling stage to promote the growth of seedlings; 25 kg / mu of urea and 40 kg / mu of compound fertilizer are applied as ear fertilizer, and 50 kg of bud fertilizer is applied to promote the growth of large ears and full grains.

7. The method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of ecological prevention and control of diseases, insects and weeds include preventive measures, integrated prevention and control, and ecological prevention and control. By selecting disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties, cultivating strong seedlings, and taking preventive measures for healthy soil management, a method combining agricultural prevention, biological prevention, and chemical prevention is adopted to comprehensively prevent and control corn large and small leaf spot, rust, sheath blight, aphids, borers, fall armyworm, and ear rot, and ecological prevention and control methods such as natural enemies, sex attractants, and biological pesticides are used for prevention and control.

8. The method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the timely harvesting and packaging steps, fresh corn must be harvested during the milky stage of corn, and the harvesting time should be based on weather, variety and market demand. After harvesting, it should be pre-cooled in time and packaged for sale.

9. A method for planting fresh corn in multiple crop rotations according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the timely harvest, suitable vegetable varieties are selected for intercropping according to local climate and market demand, and corresponding field management measures are taken.