Friction high-voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device

Abstract

The invention provides a neck electrostatic protection device driven by friction high voltage. The neck electrostatic protection device comprises a power source, a friction power supply unit, a neckerchief body, a circuit management unit and a control unit. The friction power supply unit is driven by the power source to output high-voltage alternating current; the circuit management unit is connected between the friction power supply unit and the neckerchief body and outputs direct current needed for generating electrostatic adsorption; the neckerchief body comprises an electrostatic adsorption unit, and the electrostatic adsorption unit is composed of a plurality of first adsorption pieces and second adsorption pieces which are arranged in an array mode. The first adsorption pieces and the second adsorption pieces in the same row are sequentially and alternately arranged and overlapped, and every two adjacent adsorption pieces of the same kind in the same row and the same column do not make contact with each other. The first adsorption sheet and the second adsorption sheet which are overlapped generate an electrostatic adsorption effect under the driving of the direct current, so that the overall rigidity of the neckerchief body is changed, and the neck of a wearer is protected; the control unit is used for controlling the rotor rotating speed of the friction power supply unit and / or the direct current output by the circuit management unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high voltage applications of friction nanogenerators, and in particular to a friction high voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device. Background Art

[0002] Among many parts of the human body, the neck is a key hub connecting the head and torso, and its safety is particularly important. In scenarios such as high-speed driving, strenuous exercise or emergency braking, the human neck is extremely susceptible to sudden acceleration impacts, leading to cervical spine injuries or even more serious consequences. Although traditional protective equipment such as neck braces and neck protectors can reduce injuries to a certain extent, they often have limitations such as heavy weight, discomfort to wear, and dependence on external power sources. It is difficult to meet the modern people's demand for lightweight, intelligent and sustainable safety protection equipment. In this context, it is particularly important to design a new type of wearable neck electrostatic protection device.

[0003] Electrostatic adhesion (EA), as a highly potential electrically controllable adsorption technology, has been widely studied and applied in the fields of active adsorption, clamping and robotics. In general, an electrostatic adsorption system includes a set of conductive electrodes and an insulating layer. This technology mainly generates an electrostatic adsorption force between the electrode and the adsorbed object based on the electrostatic induction and polarization mechanism by applying a high voltage (about several thousand volts) to the conductor electrode, thereby achieving the effect of adsorbing or grasping the object. The advantage of electrostatic adsorption technology is that it is applicable to different materials and environments. For example, electrostatic adsorption forces of corresponding magnitude can be generated on the surfaces of materials such as smooth glass or rough steel. Secondly, according to the basic principle of electrostatic adsorption, a multilayer thin film electrostatic adsorption system can usually be prepared by combining flexible electrode materials (conductive silicone grease, silver nanowires, etc.) and thin film soft materials (ITO, PI, etc.), so that it can better adapt to objects on flat, curved or irregular complex surfaces. In addition, electrostatic adsorption technology has low energy consumption. Electrostatic adsorption usually requires a high voltage of several thousand volts, but because the electrodes are insulated and not conductive, the actual operating energy consumption is usually between μW and mW, which is much lower than other adsorption technologies such as negative pressure vacuum adsorption technology. Compared with some existing controllable adsorption technologies such as negative pressure adsorption, magnetic adsorption, gecko-like or other bionic adsorption, electrostatic adsorption has the advantages of simple structure, convenient production, wide material adaptability, can be used in special environments (low voltage, vacuum, etc.) and low energy consumption. However, in order to ensure effective adsorption, a reliable and stable high-voltage power supply is absolutely essential for the electrostatic adsorption system. Commercial high-voltage power supplies are generally bulky, which also leads to an increase in system space, complexity and manufacturing costs, thereby limiting the application and development of electrostatic adsorption technology. In addition, even if there is a protection mechanism in the internal circuit of the power supply, there are safety hazards in the process of manually operating high-voltage electricity of thousands of volts. Therefore, exploring a safe, reliable, efficient, environmentally friendly, lightweight and portable advanced power supply solution for electrostatic adsorption technology will be an important idea to further expand its application.

[0004] In addition, the emergence of a nano friction generator (Triboelectric nanogenerator, referred to as TENG) technology provides a new idea for the power supply solution of many low-power devices. Due to its high voltage, simple production, low cost, portability, environmental protection and high efficiency of low-frequency energy collection, it is considered to be a highly potential innovative technology for converting mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy. Therefore, it has received extensive attention and continuous exploration from many scientists. Its research purpose is to recycle the micro-nano high-entropy mechanical energy widely distributed in the environment. Based on the displacement current of the modified Maxwell equations, high-entropy mechanical energy can be effectively converted into electrical energy or electrical signals.

[0005] The current representative electrostatic adsorption system driven by triboelectric high voltage is described in the 2018 international journal ACS Nano, Vol. 12, No. 10, pp. 10262-10271. [1] A voltage enhancement circuit for a self-powered electrostatic adsorption system based on a friction charge supplementation channel was reported in the journal Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 31, No. 38, p. 2104770, which mainly uses an enhanced TENG to power the electrostatic adsorption system. By introducing a friction charge supplementation channel, the open circuit voltage of TENG is increased by 10 times, thereby generating a higher electrostatic adsorption force. [2] A triboelectric soft robot (TESR) system with mechanical energy as the power source was reported in the paper. It mainly generates power source through triboelectric effect, controls the foot parts of a soft and deformable body, generates electrostatic adsorption and performs crawling motion, and finally can crawl on the surfaces of different materials and slopes of different angles, and successfully achieves a maximum crawling speed of 14.9mm / s on the surface of acrylic material. Although the above triboelectric electrostatic adsorption systems all use friction nanogenerator technology to successfully generate electrostatic adsorption, they do not use the electrostatic adsorption generated by triboelectricity as an electrostatic protection device to achieve kinetic energy consumption and absorption effects, and do not change the electrostatic adsorption effect by changing the electrical output characteristics of the friction nanogenerator and achieve precise control of the equivalent stiffness of the electrostatic protection device.

[0006] Existing technology:

[0007] [1]Xu L.,Wu H.,Yao G.,et al.Giant Voltage Enhancement viaTriboelectric ChargeSupplement Channel for Self-Powered Electroadhesion[J].ACS Nano,2018,12(10):

[0008] 10262-10271.https: / / doi.org / 10.1021 / acsnano.8b05359

[0009] [2]Liu Y.,Chen B.,Li W.,et al.Bioinspired Triboelectric Soft RobotDriven by MechanicalEnergy[J].Advanced Functional Materials, 2021,31(38):2104770.

[0010] https: / / onlinelibrary.wiley.com / doi / abs / 10.1002 / adfm.202104770 Summary of the invention

[0011] The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0012] To this end, the present invention provides a friction high-voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device, which combines TENG technology with the electrostatic adsorption mechanism of a neckband, and uses the high voltage output by TENG to generate electrostatic adsorption, which can realize self-powering of the neckband and increase the portability and practicality of the protective neckband; further, the neck electrostatic protection device will provide a certain degree of protection when the human neck is subjected to a large acceleration. The neckband body is driven by a friction nanogenerator, and the instantaneous acceleration of the neck is sensed by an accelerometer. When the acceleration exceeds a certain threshold, a friction high voltage is input to drive the neckband body, thereby instantly adjusting the overall stiffness of the neckband body, thereby realizing intelligent real-time regulation of the stiffness of the neckband body.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0014] The present disclosure provides a friction high-voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device, comprising a power source, a friction power supply unit, a neck collar body, a circuit management unit and a control unit;

[0015] The power source is used to drive the rotor of the friction power supply unit to rotate;

[0016] The friction power supply unit is used to output high-voltage alternating current based on the principles of friction power generation and electrostatic induction under the drive of the power source;

[0017] The circuit management unit is connected between the friction power supply unit and the neckband body, and is used to rectify the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit and then output the direct current required for generating electrostatic adsorption;

[0018] The neck girdle body comprises a neck girdle base and an electrostatic adsorption unit arranged on its outer peripheral surface, wherein the electrostatic adsorption unit is composed of a plurality of first adsorption sheets and second adsorption sheets arranged in an array; the first adsorption sheets and the second adsorption sheets in the same row are arranged alternately in sequence and overlap, and two adjacent adsorption sheets of the same type in the same row do not contact each other, and two adjacent adsorption sheets in the same column do not contact each other; the first adsorption sheets and the second adsorption sheets that overlap each other generate an electrostatic adsorption effect under the drive of the direct current output by the circuit management unit, thereby changing the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body and protecting the neck of the wearer;

[0019] The control unit is used to control the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit and / or the magnitude of the direct current output by the circuit management unit, so as to adjust the overall stiffness of the neck guard body to meet different protection requirements.

[0020] In some embodiments, the energy source of the power source includes electrical energy, wind energy, solar energy, water energy, vibration energy and collected biomechanical energy.

[0021] In some embodiments, the friction power supply unit is a rotary friction nanogenerator, the stator of the friction power supply unit includes a first electrode substrate, a first electrode and a friction layer 1 stacked in sequence, the mover of the friction power supply unit includes a friction layer 2 and a driving plate, the friction layer 2 is in the shape of a fan blade, one end of which is fixed to the driving plate, and the other end is bent to a certain degree and uses its own rebound to be in close contact with the friction layer 1, and the rotor of the friction power supply unit is fixedly connected to the power source through a flange connector.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first electrode is formed by two unconnected electrodes to form an interdigitated electrode in a circular ring shape.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first adsorption sheet and the second adsorption sheet respectively include a dielectric layer, a second electrode and a base layer stacked in sequence, the dielectric layer should completely cover the second electrode, and the dielectric layers in the overlapping first adsorption sheet and the second adsorption sheet are arranged relatively to each other; each second electrode has a terminal connected through a wire, and the wires of each first adsorption sheet converge to a first main wire and then connect to the first output terminal of the circuit management unit, and the wires of each second adsorption sheet converge to a second main wire and then connect to the second output terminal of the circuit management unit.

[0024] In some embodiments, each adsorption sheet is in the shape of fish scales.

[0025] In some embodiments, the circuit management unit includes at least one rectifier circuit, each rectifier circuit is respectively equipped with at least one control switch, and each control switch is controlled by the control unit so that a corresponding rectifier circuit is connected between the friction power supply unit and the neckband body.

[0026] In some embodiments, types of rectifier circuits in the circuit management unit include full-wave rectifier circuits and voltage doubler rectifier circuits.

[0027] In some embodiments, the neck electrostatic protection device further comprises an accelerometer, and a lining is provided on the side of the neckband base facing the wearer's neck;

[0028] The accelerometer is fixed between the lining and the base of the neck girdle, and is used to collect acceleration signals from the wearer's neck and transmit them to the control unit; the control unit adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit according to the acceleration signals collected by the accelerometer and / or controls the rectification amplitude of the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit by the circuit management unit according to the acceleration signals collected by the accelerometer, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the direct current input into the neck girdle body, thereby realizing intelligent adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body.

[0029] In some embodiments, the neck electrostatic protection device also includes an adjustment button connected to the control unit, and the working mode of the neck electrostatic protection device is selected by the adjustment button, and the working mode includes an intelligent working mode and a constant working mode; when the intelligent working mode is selected, the control unit realizes intelligent adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neck collar body according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer; when the constant working mode is selected, the control unit adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit and / or controls the rectification amplitude of the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit by the circuit management unit according to the gear of the selected working mode, so that the DC power input to the neck collar body is at the DC power corresponding to the corresponding gear, thereby realizing the adjustment of different gears of the overall stiffness of the neck collar body.

[0030] The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The disclosed embodiment proposes a friction high-voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device, which uses a friction nanogenerator to realize the driving function of the neck electrostatic protection collar device and the adjustment function of its equivalent stiffness. The main function realization module includes a power source, a friction power supply unit, a circuit management unit, an electrostatic protection collar body and a control unit. The power source drives the rotor of the friction power supply unit to rotate and generate high-voltage alternating current. Then, the alternating current output by the friction power supply unit is adjusted by the circuit management unit to drive the electrostatic protection collar to generate electrostatic adsorption force, thereby changing the overall stiffness of the electrostatic protection collar to resist part of the external impact and play a protective role. The friction nanogenerator (TENG) adopts a disc-type design, making it a rotating friction nanogenerator. It can be controlled by a motor to output stable alternating current, and it can also be rotated by manual hand-cranking to realize self-power supply. In addition, the driving source can also be other TENGs used to collect human motion energy, such as using a TENG that collects human motion energy to drive a smart collar. At the same time, an accelerometer is provided in the device, which is used to collect the acceleration signal of the wearer's neck and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit directly adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer and / or controls the rectification amplitude of the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit by the circuit management unit according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the direct current input into the neckband body, thereby realizing intelligent dynamic adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neckband body to meet different needs in actual application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a friction high voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The side view of the structure of the neck electrostatic protection device is shown, wherein the neck guard body is in an unfolded state;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural explosion of the friction power supply unit in the neck electrostatic protection device shown;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of the stator of the friction power supply unit in the neck electrostatic protection device;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure explosion of the neck gaiter body in the neck electrostatic protection device after it is unfolded in a plane;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 1The neck anti-static protection device is shown in a top view after the neck guard body is unfolded in a plane;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural explosion of a single adsorption sheet in the neck electrostatic protection device shown;

[0039] Figure 8 Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific circuit connection structure of the neck electrostatic protection device shown;

[0040] Fig. 9 (a) and (b) are respectively the open circuit voltage curve and the short circuit current curve output by the friction power supply unit at different rotor speeds in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Fig.10 (a) and (b) are driving voltage curves of the friction power supply unit in the embodiment of the present disclosure driving the collar body after passing through a full wave rectifier circuit and a dual voltage rectifier circuit at different rotor speeds;

[0042] Fig.11 (a) and (b) are respectively the electrostatic adsorption force curves generated by the friction power supply unit of the embodiment of the present disclosure driving the collar body after passing through a full wave rectifier circuit (Full wave rectifier) ​​and a dual voltage rectifier circuit (Dual voltage rectifier) ​​at different rotor speeds;

[0043] Fig.12 (a) and (b) are respectively the equivalent stiffness coefficient λ curves of the friction power supply unit of the embodiment of the present disclosure driving the collar body after passing through a full wave rectifier circuit (Full wave rectifier) ​​and a dual voltage rectifier circuit (Dual voltage rectifier) ​​at different rotor speeds.

[0044] In the figure:

[0045] 100. Friction power supply unit; 101. First electrode substrate; 102. First electrode; 103. Friction layer 1; 104. Friction layer 2; 105. Driving plate; 106. Flange connector;

[0046] 200. Neck girdle body; 210. Lining; 220. Electrostatic adsorption unit; 221. First adsorption sheet; 222. Second adsorption sheet; 22a. Dielectric layer; 22b. Second electrode; 22c. Base layer; 22d. Fixing hole; 230. Neck girdle base;

[0047] 300. Circuit management unit; 311a. First diode; 311b. Second diode; 312. Capacitor; 313 Zener diode; S1. First control switch; S2. Second control switch;

[0048] 400. Accelerometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0050] On the contrary, the present application covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present application as defined by the claims. Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding of the present application, some specific details are described in detail in the detailed description of the present application below. Those skilled in the art can fully understand the present application without the description of these details.

[0051] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , a friction high-voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a power source (not shown in the figure), a friction power supply unit 100, a neck gaiter body 200, a circuit management unit 300 and a control unit (the control unit is not shown in the figure);

[0052] A power source, used to drive the rotor of the friction power supply unit 100 to rotate;

[0053] The friction power supply unit 100 is used to output high voltage alternating current based on the principles of friction power generation and electrostatic induction under the drive of a power source;

[0054] The circuit management unit 300 is connected between the friction power supply unit 100 and the membrane body 200, and is used to rectify the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit 100 and output the direct current required for generating electrostatic adsorption;

[0055] The neck girdle body 200 comprises a neck girdle base 230 and an electrostatic adsorption unit 220 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the neck girdle base 230. The electrostatic adsorption unit 220 is composed of a plurality of first adsorption sheets 221 and second adsorption sheets 222 arranged in an array. The first adsorption sheets 221 and second adsorption sheets 222 in the same row are alternately arranged in sequence and overlap. Two adjacent adsorption sheets of the same type in the same row do not contact each other (i.e., two adjacent first adsorption sheets 221 in the same row do not contact each other, and two adjacent second adsorption sheets 222 in the same row do not contact each other), and two adjacent adsorption sheets in the same column do not contact each other. The first adsorption sheets 221 and the second adsorption sheets 222 that overlap each other generate an electrostatic adsorption effect under the direct current drive output by the circuit management unit 300, thereby changing the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body 200 and protecting the neck of the wearer.

[0056] The control unit is used to control the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 and / or the magnitude of the direct current output by the circuit management unit 300 to adjust the overall stiffness of the neck guard body 200 to meet different protection requirements.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 4The friction power supply unit 100 is a rotary friction nanogenerator, and the working mode is the independent friction layer mode of the friction nanogenerator. The rotation of the electric output of the driving motor or the rotation generated by manually shaking the handle is used as the power source to drive the rotor of the rotary friction nanogenerator. The friction nanogenerator converts the mechanical energy input by the power source into high-voltage AC output. The friction power supply unit 100 includes a stator and a rotor. Among them, the stator includes a first electrode substrate 101, a first electrode 102 and a friction layer 1 103 stacked in sequence, and the mover includes a friction layer 2 104 and a driving plate 105. Among them, the first electrode substrate 101, the first electrode 102, the friction layer 1 103 and the driving plate 105 are all provided with circular holes in the center, which are mainly used to install the bearings at the output end of the driving motor or the handle shaft. The first electrode 102 is deposited on the surface of the first electrode substrate 101 as a conductive electrode of the friction nanogenerator to output alternating current to the outside. The friction layer 103 is bonded to the surface of the first electrode 102 facing the friction layer 103. The friction layer 103 needs to completely cover the surface of the first electrode 102 to prevent leakage during operation. Further, the first electrode 102 is formed by two unconnected electrodes a and b to form a forked electrode in the shape of a circular ring as a whole, so as to improve the charge output efficiency of the friction power supply unit 100. The friction layer 2 104 is in the shape of a fan blade, one end of which is fixed to the driving plate 105, and the other end is bent to a certain extent, so that it is in close contact with the friction layer 103 due to the rebound of the material itself. In order to meet the power generation principle of the friction nanogenerator, the friction layer 103 and the friction layer 2 104 are selected from two thin film materials with different electronegativity. The rotor of the friction power supply unit 100 is fixedly connected to the power source through a flange connector 106. When the power source drives the rotor of the friction power supply unit 100 to rotate, the friction power supply unit 100 converts the kinetic energy of the rotor of the friction power supply unit 100 into electrical energy based on the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, and the friction power supply unit 100 outputs the AC power to the outside through the first electrode 102. Specifically, the friction layer 2 104 and the friction layer 1 103 contact and rub against each other, and the contact interface carries an equal amount of heterogeneous charges due to the different electronegativity of the materials, forming an electrostatic field at the interface of the two friction layers. Based on the principles of electrostatic induction and friction electrification, the charge on the surface of the first electrode 102 is redistributed and continuously follows the movement of the rotor, and the two output ends of the unconnected electrodes a and b on the first electrode substrate 101 serve as the AC output ends of the friction power supply unit 100 to output an equal amount of heterogeneous charges to the outside. Finally, under the continuous movement of the rotor, the friction power supply unit 100 will continuously output high-voltage AC power to the outside.

[0058] It should be noted that the energy source of the power source in this embodiment, in addition to the electric energy of the above-mentioned drive motor and the friction power supply unit 100 driven by the rotation of the manual handle, can also adopt other forms of friction nanogenerators (TENG), such as TENG that collects biomechanical energy, wind energy, solar energy, water energy, vibration energy, etc., which are applicable to the neck electrostatic protection device described in this embodiment.

[0059] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 to Figure 7The neck girdle body 200 is a multi-layer flexible film stiffness adjustable device, which mainly uses electrostatic adsorption to increase its own structural stiffness, and consumes external kinetic energy under the hindrance of electrostatic adsorption force, thereby protecting the wearer's neck. Electrostatic adsorption mainly produces adsorption phenomenon under electrostatic induction or polarization by applying high voltage of hundreds of volts or thousands of volts to metal electrodes. Through electrostatic induction and polarization of charges, equal amounts of heterogeneous charges will accumulate on the surfaces of the electrodes and the adsorbed objects. According to the principle that like charges repel each other and heterogeneous charges attract each other, an electrostatic adsorption force can be generated between the conductive electrode and the adsorbed object, thereby achieving an adsorption effect. The neck girdle base 230 of the neck girdle body 200 of this embodiment is made of soft cloth, such as cotton, silk, polyester, cashmere, flannel, etc., to ensure comfort when worn and fit the neck, and is also used to assemble the electrostatic adsorption unit 220. The electrostatic adsorption unit 220 is composed of a plurality of adsorption sheets arranged in an array, and each row is composed of a plurality of first adsorption sheets 221 located at the lower layer and a second adsorption sheet 222 located at the lower layer. Adjacent first adsorption sheets 221 and second adsorption sheets 222 in the same row partially overlap, and a certain distance must be maintained between the adsorption sheets in each row and column of the same layer so that they do not overlap with each other, so as to prevent warping and ensure the overall flatness of the adsorption sheet layer. Among them, the first adsorption sheet 221 and the second adsorption sheet 222 have the same structure, and both include a dielectric layer 22a, a second electrode 22b and a base layer 22c stacked in sequence, and the dielectric layers 22a in the overlapping first adsorption sheet 221 and the second adsorption sheet 222 are arranged relatively, and the dielectric layer 22a serves as an insulating layer of the electrostatic adsorption unit 220, and mainly plays an insulating role between the overlapping first adsorption sheet 221 and the second adsorption sheet 222. The second electrode 22b is formed in an insulating state between the two, thereby protecting the circuit and preventing high voltage from breaking through the second electrode 22b. The dielectric layers 22a in the first adsorption sheet 221 and the second adsorption sheet 222 can be made of the same or different dielectric materials, as long as they are insulated from each other and their surface roughness is small. The second electrode 22b is used as the conductive layer of the electrostatic adsorption unit 220, mainly used to connect the electrons transmitted from the output end of the circuit management unit 300 and generate polarized charges to form a potential difference. The second electrode 22b in each adsorption sheet is led out through a wire. The wires of each first adsorption sheet 221 converge on the same wire for subsequent power supply. The wires of each second adsorption sheet 222 are similar. Finally, all the first adsorption sheets 221 are concentrated on the same wire and connected to the first output end of the circuit management unit 300, and all the second adsorption sheets 222 are concentrated on the same wire and connected to the second output end of the circuit management unit 300. The base layer 22c is used as the supporting layer of the electrostatic adsorption unit 220, mainly to provide support for the second electrode 22b. The second electrode 22b with a set geometric shape is printed on the surface of the base layer 22c, and then the dielectric layer 22a is completely covered on the surface of the second electrode 22b to form an insulating layer.The dielectric layer 22a, the second electrode 22b and the base layer 22c together form an adsorption sheet, one end of each adsorption sheet is provided with a fixing hole 22d, and the other end of each adsorption sheet is a free end. The fixing wire is sequentially passed through the fixing holes 22d on the adsorption sheet and fixed to the neck base 230 to achieve the connection between the adsorption sheet and the neck base 230. The equivalent stiffness of the neck body 200 is directly related to the electrostatic adsorption force it generates, and the magnitude of the electrostatic adsorption force is directly related to the output voltage of the friction power supply unit 100 and / or the output voltage of the circuit management unit 300. Therefore, the equivalent stiffness of the neck body 200 can be directly changed by changing the output voltage (or rotor speed) of the friction power supply unit 100 and / or the output voltage of the circuit management unit 300 to achieve the adjustment of the protective effect.

[0060] Furthermore, each adsorption sheet in the electrostatic adsorption unit 220 is in the shape of fish scales, the dielectric layer 22a is made of other dielectric materials such as polyimide (PI) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the second electrode 22b is made of a copper electrode, and the base layer 22c is made of other plastic films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and the manufacturing process of the adsorption sheet includes:

[0061] Conductive copper paste (resistance value 1mΩ~8mΩ) is poured into one end of the surface of the screen printing plate with a set fish scale pattern, and a certain pressure is applied to the copper paste part on the screen printing plate with a scraper, while moving toward the other end of the screen printing plate. The copper paste is squeezed from the mesh of the mesh part to the base layer 22c by the scraper during movement. Due to the viscosity of the copper paste, the imprint is fixed within a certain range. During the printing process, the scraper is always in line contact with the screen printing plate and the substrate, and the contact line moves with the movement of the scraper. Then the screen printing plate is removed to form a fish scale-shaped conductive layer, that is, the second electrode 22b. Then, the dielectric layer 22a is completely covered on the surface of the second electrode 22b to ensure that there is no contact between the two second electrodes 22b, prevent short circuit, and realize charge storage.

[0062] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 In this embodiment, a circuit management unit 300 is provided in the neck electrostatic protection device driven by friction high voltage, and its main function is to rectify the high voltage AC output by the friction power supply unit 100 into DC. The circuit management unit 300 is installed between the AC output end of the friction power supply unit 100 and the second electrode 22b of the neck girdle body 200. The circuit management unit 300 includes at least one rectifier circuit, each rectifier circuit is respectively equipped with at least one control switch, and each control switch is controlled by the control unit so that a corresponding rectifier circuit is connected between the friction power supply unit 100 and the neck girdle body 200.

[0063] In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the circuit management unit 300 is provided with two types of rectifier circuits, namely a full-wave rectifier circuit (FWR) and a dual voltage rectifier circuit (DVR). Each type of rectifier circuit is equipped with three control switches (a first control switch S1 is provided at the input end of the FWR, and two first control switches S1 are provided at the output end of the FWR; a second control switch S2 is provided at the input end of the DVR, and two second control switches S2 are provided at the output end of the DVR) for controlling the on and off of different rectifier circuits. Among them, the full-wave rectifier circuit is mainly composed of four first diodes 311a, and the four first diodes 311a are connected in series in the same direction to form a classic full-wave rectifier bridge; the voltage doubler rectifier circuit is composed of at least two second diodes 311b and the same number of capacitors 312, wherein the second diodes 311b are connected in series in the same direction, and each capacitor 312 is staggered in series between two second diodes 311b, so the boost rectifier circuit can add or delete a certain number of second diodes and capacitors according to the output circuit requirements, but before actual use, it must be ensured that the number of second diodes 311b and capacitors 312 is equal. Due to the current unidirectional conduction characteristics of the second diode 311b, the capacitor 312 plate on the same side as the positive pole direction of the series second diode 311b is also the positive pole. In the DVR circuit, in order to stabilize the output voltage, a Zener diode 313 can be connected in parallel at the two output ends for voltage stabilization. At the same time, due to the series-parallel characteristics of multiple capacitors 312 in the voltage doubler rectifier circuit, the voltage doubler rectifier circuit can simultaneously achieve the dual functions of boosting and rectification. The first control switch S1 and the second control switch S2 are connected to the input and output ends of the two rectifier circuits. All control switches are controlled by the control unit. In the initial state, all control switches are in the off state. When the first control switch S1 is closed and the second control switch S2 is disconnected, the full-wave rectifier circuit (FWR) is turned on. At this time, the main function circuit of the circuit management unit 300 is FWR, which rectifies the AC power from the friction power supply unit 100 and outputs DC power to drive the neck girdle body 200; when the second control switch S2 is closed and the first control switch S1 is disconnected, the voltage doubler rectifier circuit (DVR) is turned on. At this time, the main function circuit of the circuit management unit 300 is DVR, which rectifies the AC power from the friction power supply unit 100 and outputs DC power to drive the neck girdle body 200. Since the electrical output of the friction power supply unit 100 after full-wave rectification and voltage doubler rectification is different, the control unit can adjust the on and off of the first control switch S1 and the second control switch S2 to select the function circuit of the circuit management unit 300 to meet different protection requirements.

[0064] In some embodiments, in order to increase the practicality of the neck electrostatic protection device, the neck electrostatic protection device disclosed in the present invention also includes an accelerometer 400 and an adjustment button (the adjustment button is not shown in the figure). A lining 210 of the same size and shape as the neck base 230 is provided on the side (i.e., the inner side) of the neck base 230 facing the wearer's neck. The accelerometer 400 is fixed between the lining 210 and the neck base 230. The lining 210 is also made of soft cloth. On the one hand, the fit between the accelerometer 400 and the wearer's neck can be ensured to accurately obtain the acceleration signal of the neck, thereby ensuring the effective collection of the signal. On the other hand, it can ensure the comfort of wearing. The accelerometer 400 transmits the detected acceleration signal of the wearer's neck to the control unit. The accelerometer 400 can use the Witte smart Bluetooth three-axis accelerometer WT9011DCL or other accelerometers with suitable size and performance. The adjustment button is connected to the control unit, and the wearer selects the working mode of the neck electrostatic protection device of this embodiment through the adjustment button. The working modes include intelligent working mode and constant working mode. When the intelligent working mode is selected, the control unit adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer 400 and / or controls the on and off of the switch according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer 400 to connect to the corresponding rectifier circuit in the circuit management unit 300, thereby adjusting the DC power input to the second electrode 22b in the neck girdle body 200, thereby realizing intelligent adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body 200; when the constant working mode is selected, the control unit adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 and / or controls the on and off of the switch according to the gear of the selected working mode to connect to the corresponding rectifier circuit in the circuit management unit 300, thereby adjusting the DC power input to the second electrode 22b in the neck girdle body 200 to the DC power corresponding to the corresponding gear, thereby realizing the adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body 200 at different gears.

[0065] In some embodiments, the control unit and the adjustment button are integrated on a PCB circuit board, and the control unit communicates with the accelerometer 400 via Bluetooth or other wireless connection methods. The control unit mainly includes key components such as a CPU, a memory, a digital-to-analog converter DAC, and a controller. Among them, the connection between the CPU and the memory is usually realized through the wiring on the circuit board or the internal connection of the integrated circuit (IC). The CPU is mainly used to execute program instructions and process data, and the memory is mainly used to store firmware, programs, and runtime data; the digital-to-analog converter DAC is wirelessly connected to the accelerometer 400, which mainly converts digital signals into analog signals for controlling analog devices; the controller is connected to the digital-to-analog converter DAC, and is mainly responsible for executing program codes, processing input data, performing calculations and logical judgments, and making control decisions. The controller stores the functional relationship between the acceleration signal and the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 and / or the relationship between the acceleration signal and the control instructions of each control switch in the circuit management unit 300, so as to adjust the stiffness of the neck collar body 200 according to the relationship and the acceleration signal measured in real time. When the control unit detects that the change of the acceleration signal exceeds the set threshold, it will output a control instruction to drive the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit 100 to drive the neck girdle body 200 to generate an electrostatic adsorption force after passing through the circuit management unit 300, and the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body 200 is increased under the action of the electrostatic adsorption force. At the same time, using the functional relationship between the equivalent stiffness of the neck girdle body 200 and its electrostatic adsorption force, the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the neck girdle body 200 can be calculated based on the electrostatic adsorption force and the deformation. In addition, the magnitude of the electrostatic adsorption force is directly related to the voltage output of the friction power supply unit 100, so the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the neck girdle body 200 can be directly changed by changing the output voltage (or rotor speed) of the friction power supply unit 100, so as to achieve the adjustment of the electrostatic protection effect.

[0066] In order to verify the protective effect of the neck electrostatic protection device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the following test is now conducted:

[0067] See also Fig. 9 In (a), the open circuit voltage output by the friction power supply unit 100 does not increase substantially with the increase of the driving frequency or the rotation speed. When the rotor speed is 100 rpm, the maximum open circuit voltage can reach 2.4 kV; see Fig. 9 In (b), the short-circuit current output by the friction power supply unit 100 increases with the increase of the driving frequency. When the rotor speed is 300 rpm, the maximum short-circuit current can reach 240 μA.

[0068] See also Fig.10In (a), the output AC voltage of the friction power supply unit 100 is rectified by the full-wave rectifier circuit to become DC power, thereby driving the neck girdle body 200. At this time, the voltage between the second electrodes 22b of the neck girdle body 200 increases first and then decreases as the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 increases; see Fig.10 In (b), the output AC voltage of the friction power supply unit 100 will be converted into DC after rectification by the voltage doubling rectifier circuit, thereby driving the neck collar body 200. At this time, the voltage between the second electrodes 22b of the neck collar body 200 increases first and then slightly decreases as the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 increases, indicating that the voltage driving the second electrode 22b increases linearly with the increase of the rotor speed, mainly showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

[0069] See also Fig.11 In (a) and (b), the output AC voltage of the friction power supply unit 100 will be converted into DC after passing through the circuit management unit 300 (including a full-wave rectifier circuit Full wave rectifier, FWR and a dual voltage rectifier circuit Dual voltage rectifier, DVR), thereby driving the neck collar body 200. At this time, the electrostatic adsorption force (EAforce) generated by the neck collar body 200 is related to the rotation speed of the rotor of the friction power supply unit 100 and the type of the rectifier circuit, which means that the specific value of the adsorption force is directly related to the voltage between the second electrode 22b. Therefore, the stiffness of the neck collar 200 can be precisely controlled by changing the rotation speed or selecting different rectifier types.

[0070] See also Fig.12 In (a) and (b), the output AC voltage of the friction power supply unit 100 drives the neck collar body 200 after passing through the circuit management unit 300 (including the full wave rectifier circuit Full wave rectifier, FWR and the voltage doubler rectifier circuit Dual voltage rectifier, DVR). At this time, the equivalent stiffness coefficient λ of the neck collar body 200 is defined as a parameter of the neck collar's ability to resist deformation when subjected to external force, which is used to characterize the overall stiffness of the neck collar. The equivalent stiffness coefficient λ in the figure changes with the change of the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100, indicating that the equivalent stiffness coefficient λ of the neck collar body 200 can be directly adjusted by adjusting the rotor speed, so as to realize the real-time stiffness control of the neck collar body 200. Under the relationship between the pre-calibrated acceleration and the equivalent stiffness coefficient λ of the neck collar body 200, the specific stiffness of the neck collar body 200 and its protective function can be intelligently adjusted according to the feedback signal of the accelerometer 400.

[0071] The working principle of the embodiment of the present disclosure is described as follows:

[0072] When using the neck electrostatic protection device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the friction power supply unit 100 can be controlled by driving the motor to output stable AC power, or it can be manually cranked or other types of TENG as the source of power for the neckband body 200. When the driving motor rotates, the rotor of the friction power supply unit 100 is driven to rotate, and the friction layer 2 104 and the friction layer 1 103 contact and rub against each other. The contact interface carries equal amounts of heterogeneous charges due to the different electronegativity of the materials, and a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed at the interface of the two friction layers. Based on the principles of electrostatic induction and friction electrification, the charge on the surface of the first electrode 102 is redistributed and continuously follows the movement of the rotor of the friction power supply unit 100. The two output ends of the unconnected electrodes a and b on the first electrode substrate 101 serve as the AC output ends of the friction power supply unit 100 to output equal amounts of heterogeneous charges to the outside. Finally, under the continuous movement of the rotor, the friction power supply unit 100 will continuously output high-voltage AC power to the outside. The main rectifier circuit of the circuit management unit 300 is selected by controlling the first switch S1 and the second switch S2. The electric energy output by the friction power supply unit 100 will be input into the circuit management unit 300, and enter the neckband body 200 after being rectified by the circuit management unit 300, and provide voltage to the second electrode 22b in the overlapping first adsorption sheet 221 and the second adsorption sheet 222 respectively. The neckband body 200 generates an electrostatic adsorption force based on electrostatic induction and polarization. At this time, the overall stiffness of the neckband body 200 increases, and its equivalent stiffness coefficient increases, and the corresponding protective effect also changes accordingly.

[0073] Furthermore, the control unit communicates with the accelerometer 400 via a Bluetooth connection, and the controller stores the functional relationship between the acceleration signal and the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit 100 and / or the relationship between the acceleration signal and the control instructions of each control switch in the circuit management unit 300, so as to adjust the stiffness of the neck collar body 200 according to the relationship and the acceleration signal measured in real time. Since the voltage generated by the friction power supply unit 100 is different under different rotor speeds and different rectifier units, the specific value can be measured by instruments such as electrometers and high-voltage probes. At the same time, the protective effect generated by the neck collar is directly related to the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second electrode 22b. Therefore, the output voltage of the friction power supply unit 100 under different working conditions (different rotor speeds and different rectifier units) and the equivalent stiffness coefficient λ of the neck collar body 200 under different voltage drives can be measured in advance to calibrate the neck collar stiffness. Subsequently, when the control unit detects that the change in the acceleration signal exceeds the set threshold, it will output a control instruction to cause the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit 100 to drive the neckband body 200 to generate an electrostatic adsorption force after passing through the circuit management unit 300. Under the action of the electrostatic adsorption force, the overall stiffness of the neckband body 200 is increased, thereby achieving precise real-time regulation of the equivalent stiffness of the neckband, thereby making it an intelligent device with adaptive stiffness regulation that can adapt to different working scenarios and needs.

[0074] In summary, the disclosed embodiment proposes a friction high-voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device, which combines the friction nanogenerator (TENG) technology with the electrostatic adsorption mechanism of the neckband, and uses the high voltage output by the TENG to generate electrostatic adsorption, which can realize the self-powering of the neckband and increase the portability and practicality of the protective neckband. In addition, the friction nanogenerator is used to realize the driving function of the neckband body and the adjustment function of its equivalent stiffness, and the actual stiffness of the neckband body is intelligently adjusted according to the feedback signal of the accelerometer at the wearer's neck, or the corresponding working mode is selected according to the adjustment button to adapt to different protection needs. The neck electrostatic protection device of this embodiment can not only provide a comfortable wearing experience, but also can adjust the overall electrostatic adsorption force of the neckband according to the acceleration change through the intelligent response mechanism of the accelerometer feedback at critical moments, give the neck different degrees of protection, and effectively protect the neck from the impact of acceleration.

[0075] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is necessary to understand that the terms "top", "bottom", "up and down", "left and right", "coplanar", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "fixed connection", "fixed connection", "adhesion", "gluing", "bonding", "coating", "locking" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, etc. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A friction high voltage driven neck electrostatic protection device, characterized in that: It includes a power source, a friction power supply unit, a collar body, a circuit management unit and a control unit; The power source is used to drive the rotor of the friction power supply unit to rotate; The friction power supply unit is used to output high-voltage alternating current based on the principles of friction power generation and electrostatic induction under the drive of the power source; The circuit management unit is connected between the friction power supply unit and the neckband body, and is used to rectify the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit and then output the direct current required for generating electrostatic adsorption; The neck girdle body comprises a neck girdle base and an electrostatic adsorption unit arranged on its outer peripheral surface, wherein the electrostatic adsorption unit is composed of a plurality of first adsorption sheets and second adsorption sheets arranged in an array; the first adsorption sheets and the second adsorption sheets in the same row are arranged alternately in sequence and overlap, and two adjacent adsorption sheets of the same type in the same row do not contact each other, and two adjacent adsorption sheets in the same column do not contact each other; the first adsorption sheets and the second adsorption sheets that overlap each other generate an electrostatic adsorption effect under the drive of the direct current output by the circuit management unit, thereby changing the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body and protecting the neck of the wearer; The control unit is used to control the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit and / or the magnitude of the direct current output by the circuit management unit, so as to adjust the overall stiffness of the neck guard body to meet different protection requirements.

2. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy sources of the power source include electrical energy, wind energy, solar energy, water energy, vibration energy and collected biomechanical energy.

3. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction power supply unit is a rotary friction nanogenerator. The stator of the friction power supply unit includes a first electrode substrate, a first electrode and a friction layer 1 stacked in sequence. The mover of the friction power supply unit includes a friction layer 2 and a drive plate. The friction layer 2 is in the shape of a fan blade, one end of which is fixed to the drive plate, and the other end is bent to a certain extent and uses its own rebound to be in close contact with the friction layer 1. The rotor of the friction power supply unit is fixedly connected to the power source through a flange connector.

4. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first electrode is an interdigitated electrode formed by two unconnected electrodes and having an overall circular ring shape.

5. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adsorption sheet and the second adsorption sheet respectively include a dielectric layer, a second electrode and a base layer stacked in sequence, the dielectric layer should completely cover the second electrode, and the dielectric layers in the overlapping first adsorption sheet and the second adsorption sheet are arranged relatively to each other; each second electrode has a terminal connected by a wire, and the wires of each first adsorption sheet converge to a first main wire and then connect to the first output end of the circuit management unit, and the wires of each second adsorption sheet converge to a second main wire and then connect to the second output end of the circuit management unit.

6. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each adsorption sheet is in the shape of fish scales.

7. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit management unit includes at least one rectifier circuit, each rectifier circuit is respectively equipped with at least one control switch, and each control switch is controlled by the control unit so that a corresponding rectifier circuit is connected between the friction power supply unit and the neck girdle body.

8. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The types of rectifier circuits in the circuit management unit include full-wave rectifier circuits and voltage doubler rectifier circuits.

9. The neck electrostatic protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Also comprising an accelerometer, and a lining is provided on the side of the neckband base facing the wearer's neck; The accelerometer is fixed between the lining and the base of the neck gaiter, and the accelerometer is used to collect acceleration signals of the wearer's neck and transmit them to the control unit; The control unit adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer and / or controls the rectification amplitude of the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit by the circuit management unit according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the direct current input into the neckband body, thereby realizing intelligent adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neckband body.

10. The neck electrostatic protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustment button connected to the control unit, through which the working mode of the neck electrostatic protection device is selected, and the working mode includes an intelligent working mode and a constant working mode; when the intelligent working mode is selected, the control unit realizes intelligent adjustment of the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body according to the acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer; when the constant working mode is selected, the control unit adjusts the rotor speed of the friction power supply unit and / or controls the rectification amplitude of the high-voltage alternating current output by the friction power supply unit by the circuit management unit according to the gear of the selected working mode, so that the magnitude of the direct current input into the neck girdle body is at the magnitude of the direct current corresponding to the corresponding gear, thereby realizing the adjustment of different gears of the overall stiffness of the neck girdle body.

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