202 results about "Hydrogen selectivity" patented technology

A sensor instrument system for detecting and identifying analytes in fluids of a region comprising a local sensor instrument and remote central station. The instrument is comprised of a core technology employing a single sensor having two electrodes operated by an electrical frequency sweeping to generate two sets of patterned electrical information from a single measurement, a data transmission module and a GPS receiver module. The central station connects to a network means connected to a plurality of local receiving sites equipped with including the respective transceivers, so that the local analyte electrical information and geographic position information transmitted by the instrument can be wirelessly and remotely received and processed by the central station. The core technology is further comprised of a reference sensor for eliminating background influence, a temperature programming to control adsorption and desorption of analytes, and usage of all kinds of adsorbent materials having chemical selectivity including the hydrogen selectivity to enhance detection and identification of analytes in fluids.

The invention relates to a low-carbon hydrocarbon hydrogen production device, in particular to a hydrogen production device through reforming methane by using collaborative drive rotation sliding arc discharge plasma. The device comprises a reactor with a reaction hood and an insulated base. The electrode of the reactor is arranged on the insulated base and is connected with a high-voltage DC power supply. A reactor outlet is arranged on the reaction hood. One end of a mixed gas pipeline is connected with a gas inlet on the external side of the insulated base and the other end of the mixed gas pipeline is connected with an air pump and a methane gas source. The electrode comprises a conical internal electrode and a tubular external electrode, wherein the internal electrode is arranged in the center of the insulated base and the external electrode is arranged around the internal electrode. A spiral gas flow passage is arranged in the insulated base. The invention has the advantages that the effect of hydrogen production through methane reformation can be greatly improved, the methane conversion rate is higher, the hydrogen selectivity is higher, the energy consumption is lower and the methane treatment capacity is larger; and the device is simple, the cost is low and the device is particularly suitable for medium and small scale hydrogen production through methane reformation.

The process of preparing high purity hydrogen with liquid hydrocarbon in a palladium film reactor adopts Ni base catalyst with high activity at low temperature to obtain liquid hydrocarbon converting rate near 100 % at the conditions of 450-550 deg.c temperature and carbon space velocity as high as 30,000/hr, and uses high performance composite metal palladium film simultaneously at the conditions of 500-600 deg.c temperature and carbon space velocity as high as 2000/hr for timely separating hydrogen generated through water vapor reformation of liquid hydrocarbon to avoid methanation reaction, so as to obtain methane selectivity lower than 3 % and hydrogen selectivity higher than 97 % and obtain high pure hydrogen in the permeation side of the palladium film. The present invention has low hydrogen producing cost and may be used widely in hydrogen refilling station and small dispersed power station.

The invention discloses a biomass carbon-based material high-load nano-metal catalyst, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is prepared by soaking shaddock peel powderin a nitrate solution having a certain concentration, drying and calcining, metal simple component serves as the active component, and organic carbon serves as the carrier; the nitrate is ferric nitrate, cobalt nitrate, nickel nitrate or copper nitrate; and the metal simple component is iron, cobalt, nickel or copper. The catalyst has the characteristics of environment-friendly raw materials, simple preparation process and high hydrogenation selectivity, has a good effect when being applied to a hydrogenation reaction of biomass derivatives, for instance, the furfuryl alcohol yield at a relatively low temperature of 170 DEG C can be 98,9 percent when the furfuryl alcohol is prepared by a furfuryl alcohol selective hydrogenation reaction.

The invention provides a light hydrocarbon sweetening catalyst based on aluminum oxide crystal face regulation and control and a preparation method of the light hydrocarbon sweetening catalyst. The light hydrocarbon sweetening catalyst is prepared by taking gamma-aluminum oxide after hydro-thermal treatment regulation and control as a carrier and nickel and molybdenum and active metals. The light hydrocarbon sweetening catalyst provided by the invention is a high-activity and high-selectivity catalyst, can be used for catalyzing thiol and alkadiene in light hydrocarbon to act to generate large-molecular sulfide, can be also used for catalyzing selective hydrogenation saturation of diolefin, is high in sweetening activity and high in diolefin hydrogenation selectivity when being compared with a conventional catalyst and is long in circulation period and relatively good in industrial application prospect as active components are not lost and low in probability of inactivation.

The present invention belongs to the field of chemical technology, and especially one kind of copper base catalyst with nanometer carbon material as co-catalyst for vapor reformation of methanol to prepare hydrogen and its preparation process. The catalyst is prepared through the process including the steps of: compounding 0.1 M solution of Cu/Zn/Al nitrate; compounding 0.1 M solution of sodium carbonate, dropping the 0.1 M solution of Cu/Zn/Al nitrate and 0.1 M solution of sodium carbonate in the same rate into reactor with nanometer carbon material for co-precipitation under strong stirring and 60 deg.c to obtain carbonate coprecipitate containing nanometer carbon material; washing, drying, roasting, etc. The prepared catalyst has unique porous structure of great specific surface area, high low temperature activity and high hydrogen selectivity, and may be used in preparing reformed product with hydrogen content up to 75 % and CO content lower than 0.1 %.

The present invention discloses one kind of Cu-Zr catalyst for steam reforming of methanol to prepare hydrogen and its preparation process. The catalyst without Zn and Al components contains CuO10-80 mol%, ZrO2 20-90 mol% and MOx 0-20 mol%, where M is one of Ce, La, Fe, Y and Mn. The Cu-Zr catalyst is used for steam reforming of methanol to prepare hydrogen, and has high activity, high hydrogen selectivity and very high stability. Specifically, it has conversion rate in steam reforming of methanol of 90-99 %, hydrogen selectivity of 95-99 % and CO content in the product lower than 0.5 %.

A hydrogen sensor includes a solid electrolyte made of a barium cerium oxide, and a first electrode and a second electrode that are formed on the surface of the solid electrolyte. The first and the second electrodes are made of a material having a catalytic effect with respect to an oxidation reaction of hydrogen and are made of the same material. Thus, the hydrogen sensor can be inexpensive and has good hydrogen selectivity and responsiveness to detection, and thus it is possible to measure hydrogen in a high concentration region.

The invention discloses an Mg-Al mixed oxide loaded nickel glycerol steam reforming catalyst as well as a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking an Mg-Al mixed oxide (Mg(Al)O) as a carrier and metal nickel as an active component, preparing Mg(Al)O in such a way that Mg-Al hydrotalcite (MgAl-LDH) is calcined at a temperature of 400-800 DEG C, wherein the catalyst comprises the following components by mass percent: 15-25% of Ni and 85-75% of Mg(Al)O, and loading Ni on the carrier by an impregnation method. The preparation method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the prepared catalyst is used for hydrogen production from steam reforming of glycerol, and has the advantages of high glycerol gasification rate, good hydrogen selectivity, low selectivity of byproducts (CO and CH4), stable performance of the catalyst and the like.

A sensor instrument system and a method for detecting and identifying analytes in fluids of a region comprising a local sensor instrument and remote central station are disclosed. The instrument is comprised of a core technology employing a single sensor having two electrodes operated by an electrical frequency sweeping to generate two sets of patterned electrical information from a single measurement, a data transmission module and a GPS receiver module. The central station connects to a network means connected to a plurality of local receiving sites equipped with including the respective transceivers, so that the local analyte electrical information and geographic position information transmitted by the instrument can be wirelessly and remotely received and processed by the central station. The core technology is further comprised of a reference sensor for eliminating background influence, a temperature programming to control adsorption and desorption of analytes, and usage of all kinds of adsorbent materials having chemical selectivity including the hydrogen selectivity to enhance detection and identification of analytes in fluids.

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted hydrous ethanol low-temperature reforming hydrogen production method and device and an application system. The method comprises the following steps: reforming hydrous ethanol into hydrogen-rich gas by virtue of two-stage catalysis by utilizing automobile engine waste heat, and introducing the hydrogen-rich gas into the automobile engine to perform the mixed combustion process with fuel oil. According to the device and application system, large catalyst contact surface area is generated by utilizing a two-stage honeycomb titanium mesh structure, and miniaturization of a reforming hydrogen production device is promoted, so that vehicle-mounted online hydrogen production is possible. According to the two-stage catalysis structure, the mutual synergistic effect of the catalyst is achieved, and the problems that the ethanol conversion efficiency is low, the hydrogen selectivity is low and the like due to use of a single catalyst are solved; and moreover, in a low-temperature environment, according to the mutual synergistic effect of basic catalysts, the sintering and carbon deposit problems of the catalyst are solved, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged. By utilizing the automobile tail gas waste heat, the automotive online hydrogen doping aim is achieved, the combustion efficiency of fossil fuel is improved, and the emission amount of harmful substances of the automobile engine is reduced.

The invention relates to a nickel-molybdenum carbide composite catalyst for preparing a synthesis gas through dry reforming of methane, and aims at solving the problem that catalyst deactivation is caused by the situation that active components in the conventional nickel-based catalyst and molybdenum-based catalyst are easy to oxidize and sinter during the process of preparing the synthesis gas through dry reforming of methane. The preparation method of the nickel-molybdenum carbide composite catalyst comprises the following steps: a nickel molybdenum oxide precursor is synthesized through a one-step synthesis urea combustion method by adopting the double components, namely nickel and molybdenum; the virgin gas is subjected to dry reforming through methane, and an Ni-Mo2C composite structure is compounded in situ; carbonization-oxidation circulation of Mo2C is established during the process of dry reforming of methane at the same time, so as to obtain the nickel-molybdenum carbide composite catalyst which is sintering-resistant, oxidation-resistant and stable in structure. According to the nickel-molybdenum carbide composite catalyst, the stability and hydrogen selectivity of the process of preparing the synthesis gas through dry reforming of methane are improved; the chemical composition of the catalyst provided by the invention is Nia (Mo2C)b (Al2O3 )c in which the a is 0.09-0.19, the b is 0.03-0.10 and the c is 0.75-0.88.

The invention discloses a lanthanum calcium iron cobalt calcium titanium ore type catalyst for oxidizing and reforming ethanol and a method for preparing the catalyst. The chemical formula of the catalyst is La1-xCaxFe1-yCoyO3, wherein the x is in a range of 0.1 to 0.5, and the y is in a range of 0.1 to 0.5. The method for preparing the catalyst includes that corresponding metal salt is dissolved in deionized water according to a molar ratio of metal ions to be prepared into a salt solution, citric acids are added according to a molar ratio of the citric acids and the metal ions, citric acids and polyethylene glycol 400 are added in a salt solution according to a molar ratio of the citric acids and the polyethylene glycol, uniform complexes are obtained after stirring, and then the complexes are subjected to evaporation concentration, drying and calcining to obtain the lanthanum calcium iron cobalt calcium titanium ore type catalyst. The lanthanum calcium iron cobalt calcium titanium ore type catalyst for oxidizing and reforming ethanol and the method for preparing the catalyst have the advantages that the manufacture process is simple, and the obtained catalyst has good reactivity and high hydrogen selectivity, and excellent stability and anti-carbon deposition capabilities simultaneously.

The invention relates to a functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst and preparation and application of the functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst. The functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst is characterized in that the functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst is synthesized through a one-step rapid reduction method, and the application of the functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst to preparation of hydrogen by catalyzing an aqueous solution of formic acid. The functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst has the beneficial effects that the functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst is synthesized through the one-step rapid reduction method at the room temperature, the functionalized carbon nanotube loaded palladium nano-catalyst has the advantages of short synthesis time, convenient operation and the like, the dispersity of palladium NPs onan F-CNTS substrate is obviously improved, and the particle size of the metal NPs is reduced; the synthesized Pd/F-CNTS catalyst is used to catalyze the aqueous solution of formic acid to decompose and make hydrogen at the room temperature, and the catalyst still keeps very high catalytic activity, 100% conversion rate, 100% hydrogen selectivity and better cycling stability without any additive.

The steam methane reforming reactor includes a substantially cylindrical housing or shell and a tube disposed concentrically within the substantially cylindrical shell. The tube includes one or more catalysts. A hydrogen selective membrane extends through a central portion of the tube. The hydrogen selective membrane can be formed from a hydrogen selective material such as a palladium alloy. The membrane defines a central passage or permeate zone. A feed zone including the catalyst extends around the permeate zone. A sweep gas, such as air, nitrogen or the like, may be injected in the permeate zone, via an inlet, and pass through the permeate zone, exiting via an outlet. An annular heated fluid passage is defined between an outer surface of the tube and an inner surface of the substantially cylindrical housing or shell. A heating medium may be injected into the heated fluid passage to pass therethrough.

Hydrogen selective coatings, coated articles and methods for their formation and for hydrogen separation or purification. The coatings are formed by atomic layer deposition of suitable metal oxides with desirable hydrogen activation energy or hydrogen flux, e.g., silicon dioxide, and can be borne on a nonporous, thin-film metal or cermet substrate, e.g., a palladium sheet or layer. The coated substrate may include a porous support for the sheet or layer. The coated article may be used as a purification membrane and the coating can protect the metal layer from contaminants in the gas or process stream from which hydrogen is being purified. In some embodiments, the coated article can provide such protection at elevated temperatures in excess of 300° C.; and in other embodiments, can provide protection at temperatures in excess of 600° C. and even in excess of 800° C.

The invention discloses a ceramic catalyst taking red mud waste residues as a carrier as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. According to the catalyst, ceramic spherical particlesprepared from polluting red mud waste residues discharged when aluminum oxide is extracted in the aluminum production industry, aluminum source powder and a forming agent solution are used as carriers, molybdenum oxide is used as a catalytic active component, and zirconium oxide is used as a cocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a ceramic spherical particle carrier from red mud waste residues, aluminum source powder and a forming agent solution through crushing, burdening, granulating, forming, calcining and other processes; dipping the ceramic sphericalparticle carrier in an active component and co-catalytic ion precursor composite solution; drying the carrier, and roasting the carrier to obtain the ceramic-based reforming hydrogen production catalyst. The reforming hydrogen production catalyst not only can realize resource utilization of industrial waste residue red mud, but also is high in H2 selectivity of reforming formaldehyde to produce hydrogen at a low temperature, is simple in preparation process, and has a wide market application prospect.

The invention provides hydrogen selective metal-insulator-semiconductor sensors which include a layer of hydrogen selective material. The hydrogen selective material can be polyimide layer having a thickness between 200 and 800 nm. Suitable polyimide materials include reaction products of benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride 4,4-oxydianiline m-phenylene diamine and other structurally similar materials.

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing methyl glycolate through hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate. The catalyst can be synthesized by two methods, the first method is that nickel salt and phosphate are simultaneously loaded directly through a co-deposition precipitation method to synthesize the catalyst containing different components of Ni and NiP at the same time; according to the second method, a catalyst intermediate containing Ni is synthesized through a deposition and precipitation method, and then the catalyst containing different components of Ni and NiP at the same time is synthesized through a secondary impregnation or programmed heating phosphate decomposition method. The catalyst is a non-noble metal catalyst, is low in cost and simple in synthesis method, and has thecharacteristics of good activity, high conversion rate, high selectivity, good stability and environmental friendliness in the reaction of selectively preparing methyl glycolate by hydrogenating dimethyl oxalate.

A core-shell structured Beta molecular sieve comprises 70-75wt% of an inner layer Beta molecular sieve core structure and 25-30wt% of an outer layer Beta molecular sieve shell structure wrapped outside the surface of the core structure, total silicon Beta molecular sieve is adopted as the carrier of the inner layer Beta molecular sieve to support copper and/or iron oxide, the copper and/or iron oxide accounts for 3-8% of the mass of the total silicon Beta molecular sieve, the surface of the inner layer Beta molecular sieve is connected with a poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) group, and 10-15% of nickel oxide is supported on the outer layer Beta molecular sieve. The core-shell structured Beta molecular sieve utilizing synergism of inner and outer double-layer molecular sieves and supported metal elements has high catalysis activity, and has the advantages of great improvement of the selectivity of a target product hydrogen, and very high ethanol conversion rate and hydrogen selectivity as an ethanol steam reforming hydrogen production catalyst.

Catalysts and methods for the selective conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol using heat and high pressure in a hydrogenation reactor are disclosed. Key to this process are catalysts, which are comprised of multimetallic, aluminum oxide-supported nanoparticles. In some embodiments of the invention, the catalytic nanoparticles are made from mixtures of zinc and copper, or mixtures of palladium and copper, in different stoichiometric equivalents. In others, stoichiometric additives or dopants are added in order to improve the rate of product formation, improve selectivity, or allow for flow configurations. Methods for the use of these catalysts for the synthesis of methanol, and for the purification of CO₂, H₂, or CO gas streams by transforming contaminants into liquid methanol are also described.