Seed potato grading and harvesting all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and particularly relates to a potato seed grading and harvesting all-in-one machine, through the arrangement of a grading mechanism, when potatoes are graded and screened, the potatoes can be screened more effectively, damage to the potatoes is reduced, the requirement for sorting the potato seeds is better met, and the requirement for high quality of the potato seeds is ensured; the arrangement of the collecting mechanism can guide and collect the potatoes separated by the multiple grading mechanisms under the use condition of a specific occasion without a large number of collecting containers or arrangement of a conveying device, and the potato sorting device is suitable for the use requirements of production places with limited conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular relates to an all-in-one potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are one of the important food crops in agriculture. With the development of agricultural modernization, in order to meet the needs of high-quality and high-yield potato cultivation, potato seed potatoes are often sorted before potato planting, that is, fuller and more complete potatoes are selected for planting.

[0003] At present, the most common grading method is roller grading, that is, potatoes are transported by rollers and different intervals are set between multiple flat rollers to achieve the purpose of distinguishing potato sizes. However, this method has the problem that potatoes are easily stuck in the intervals due to their size and intervals, or some potatoes are easily retained between two adjacent rollers, causing potato retention. Frequent manual intervention is required and it is easy to cause inaccurate grading, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of sorting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a potato seed potato grading and harvesting integrated machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A potato seed potato grading and harvesting integrated machine comprises a mounting frame and a control panel, wherein a plurality of grading mechanisms are evenly arranged on the side of the mounting frame;

[0007] The grading mechanism includes a first transmission assembly, a conveying assembly and a lower cover, the lower cover is a semicircular structure and is connected to the mounting frame, the conveying assembly is arranged in the lower cover, and the first transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the conveying assembly and is arranged at the upper end of the lower cover;

[0008] The conveying assembly includes two conveyors distributed in parallel, and the conveyors include rollers and conveying blades. The rollers are rotatably connected to the lower cover, and the conveying blades are spiral conveying blades and are arranged on the sides of the rollers. The edges of the conveying blades of the two conveyors are tangent to each other. The diameter of the rollers gradually decreases from the upper side of the lower cover to the lower side, and the axes of the two rollers are parallel to each other.

[0009] The lower cover is evenly provided with a plurality of discharge ports along the length direction, the discharge ports are connected to the mounting frame via a guide tube, a baffle is provided inside the lower cover at the lower side of the discharge port, an upper cover is also provided on the upper side of the lower cover, the lower cover and the upper cover cooperate to form a circular tube structure, and a feed port is provided on the upper side of the upper cover.

[0010] The first transmission assembly includes a first motor and two gears. The two gears are rotatably disposed on the lower cover and mesh with each other. The two gears are respectively connected to two rollers for transmission. The motor is connected to the lower cover and is coaxially connected to one of the gears for transmission.

[0011] The mounting frame is a truncated cone structure with a gradually increasing cross-sectional diameter from top to bottom. A plurality of the grading mechanisms are evenly arranged on the side of the mounting frame. A collecting mechanism matching the grading mechanism is arranged inside the mounting frame.

[0012] The collecting mechanism includes a second transmission assembly, a collecting plate and a material guide, the number of the collecting plates matches the number of the discharge ports and corresponds one to one, the collecting plate consists of a collecting plate and a baffle, the collecting plate is concentrically distributed with the mounting frame and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting frame, the collecting plate includes a fixed ring and a movable ring, the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame and has an L-shaped structure in vertical section, the movable ring is rotatably connected to the inner ring side of the fixed ring and cooperates with the movable ring and has a U-shaped structure in vertical section, a number of paddle plates are evenly arranged on the inner ring side of the movable ring with a horizontal height lower than the baffle, a notch is opened at the lower end of one side of the fixed ring, the baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame and corresponds to the position of the notch, the baffle is located on the rear side of the movable ring relative to the notch in the rotation direction, and the material guide is connected to the notch.

[0013] The second transmission assembly includes a second motor, a rotating shaft and a gear set. The second motor is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame through a bracket. The rotating shaft is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the second motor and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame through the bracket. The gear set is arranged between the rotating shaft and the collection plate, and the number of the gear sets corresponds one-to-one to the number and position of the collection mechanism.

[0014] The gear set comprises a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear ring, wherein the driving bevel gear is concentrically connected to the rotating shaft, and the driven bevel gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring side of the moving ring and meshes with the corresponding driving bevel gear.

[0015] The material guide is a material guide bag, which is connected to the notch and extends downward to be connected to an external storage container or a transmission mechanism, and is made of a flexible material.

[0016] The mounting frame is a flat plate frame arranged obliquely, a plurality of the grading mechanisms are evenly arranged along the width direction of the mounting frame, and a material guide bag corresponding to a material discharge port is arranged at the rear side of the mounting frame.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0018] By setting up the grading mechanism, potatoes can be screened more effectively and the damage to potatoes can be reduced during grading and screening, which is more suitable for the needs of seed potato sorting and ensures the high quality of seed potatoes. The setting of the collecting mechanism can guide and collect potatoes separated by multiple grading mechanisms in specific occasions without the need for a large number of collecting containers or conveying devices, which is suitable for use in production sites with limited conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further illustrated by means of the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the upper cover.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grading mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the collecting mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Mounting frame 1, lower cover 2, rotating roller 21, conveying blade 22, discharge port 23, baffle 24, upper cover 25, feed port 26, first motor 3, gear 31, fixed ring 4, moving ring 41, paddle 42, notch 43, second motor 5, rotating shaft 51, active bevel gear 52, driven bevel gear ring 53, and material guide bag 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Example 1: Figure 1-5 As shown, a potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine includes a mounting frame 1 and a control panel, and a plurality of grading mechanisms are evenly arranged on the side of the mounting frame 1;

[0028] The grading mechanism includes a first transmission assembly, a conveying assembly and a lower cover 2. The lower cover 2 is a semicircular structure and is connected to the mounting frame 1. The conveying assembly is arranged in the lower cover 2. The first transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the conveying assembly and is arranged at the upper end of the lower cover 2.

[0029] The conveying assembly includes two conveyors distributed in parallel, and the conveyors include a roller 21 and a conveying blade 22. The roller 21 is rotatably connected to the lower cover 2. The conveying blade 22 is a spiral conveying blade 22 and is arranged on the side of the roller 21. The edges of the conveying blades 22 of the two conveyors are tangent to each other. The diameter of the roller 21 gradually decreases from the upper side of the lower cover 2 to the lower side, and the axes of the two rollers 21 are parallel to each other.

[0030] The lower cover 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of discharge ports 23 along the length direction, and the discharge ports 23 are connected to the mounting frame 1 via a guide tube. A baffle 24 is provided inside the lower cover 2 at the lower side of the discharge port 23, and an upper cover 25 is also provided on the upper side of the lower cover 2. The lower cover 2 and the upper cover 25 cooperate to form a circular tube structure, and a feed port 26 is provided on the upper side of the upper cover 25.

[0031] The present invention is most suitable for round potatoes. For oval potatoes or flat potatoes, the roller interval of the grading mechanism can be adjusted and set by referring to the thickness of the potato side. When grading and sorting the potatoes, the first transmission component is turned on through the control panel to operate the conveying component, wherein the two rollers 21 in the conveying component are driven to rotate toward each other, and the direction of driving the conveying blades 22 is from top to bottom, thereby achieving the effect of conveying the potatoes from top to bottom. Since the diameter of the rollers 21 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the size of the potatoes will be screened by the rollers 21 in real time during the process of conveying the potatoes from top to bottom. In conjunction with the discharge port 23 and the baffle 24, when potatoes of corresponding sizes fall into the lower cover 2, they will be blocked by the baffle 24 at the corresponding size segment and fall into the adjacent discharge port 23 for discharge, thereby achieving the purpose of sorting. At the same time, the spiral conveyor The lifting effect of the conveying blades 22 on the potatoes can prevent the potatoes from falling quickly from the rollers 21 due to the effect of the longitudinal horizontal height and colliding with the baffle 24 on the lower side, thereby reducing the impact damage to the potatoes during sorting. Furthermore, since the conveying blades 22 also have the effect of relative movement, compared with the traditional planar roller 21 sorting structure, it can effectively avoid the situation where some potatoes are just similar in size to the interval size of the sorting area and are stuck in the sorting interval. It can also avoid the situation where some potatoes cannot be transported due to plane sliding between the two conveying rollers, thereby reducing manual intervention. At the same time, the upper cover 25 can shield the potatoes during sorting. At the same time, the blade interval of the conveying blade 22 itself has the effect of blocking the discharge of materials. By adding corresponding funnels at the feed inlet 26, automatic interval transportation during sorting can be achieved to avoid congestion, and there is no need to set up corresponding discharge structures.

[0032] The first transmission assembly includes a first motor 3 and two gears 31. The two gears 31 are rotatably arranged on the lower cover 2 and mesh with each other. The two gears 31 are respectively connected to the two rollers 21 by transmission. The motor is connected to the lower cover 2 and is concentrically connected to one of the gears 31 by transmission. The first transmission assembly corresponds to the grading mechanism one by one. According to the volume of potatoes to be sorted, a corresponding number of grading mechanisms can be selectively opened. When the first motor 3 is started, the corresponding gears 31 will be driven to rotate. The two gears 31 are externally meshed with each other, so the rotation directions are opposite and run simultaneously, so that the two rollers 21 can be synchronously driven for sorting and conveying.

[0033] The mounting frame 1 is a frustum structure with a cross-sectional diameter that gradually increases from top to bottom. A number of grading mechanisms are evenly arranged on the side of the mounting frame 1, and a collecting mechanism matching the grading mechanism is provided inside the mounting frame 1. In the present embodiment, the mounting frame 1 adopts a frustum structure, which can reduce the flat surface area in the processing site and better meet the needs of agricultural machinery use in small sites.

[0034] The collecting mechanism includes a second transmission assembly, a collecting plate and a material guide. The number of collecting plates matches and corresponds to the number of discharge ports 23. The collecting plate consists of a collecting plate and a baffle 24. The collecting plate is concentrically distributed with the mounting frame 1 and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting frame 1. The collecting plate includes a fixed ring 4 and a movable ring 41. The fixed ring 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 1 and has an L-shaped structure in vertical section. The movable ring 41 is rotatably connected to the inner ring side of the fixed ring 4 and cooperates with the movable ring 41 and has a U-shaped structure in vertical section. The inner ring side of the movable ring 41 is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged dial plates 42 with a horizontal height lower than the baffle 24. A notch 43 is opened at the lower end of one side of the fixed ring 4. The baffle 24 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 1 and corresponds to the position of the notch 43. The baffle 24 is located on the rear side of the movable ring 41 relative to the notch 43 in the rotation direction of the movable ring 41, and the material guide is connected to the notch 43.

[0035] The second transmission assembly includes a second motor 5, a rotating shaft 51 and a gear 31 group. The second motor 5 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 1 through a bracket. The rotating shaft 51 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 5 and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 1 through the bracket. The gear 31 group is arranged between the rotating shaft 51 and the collection plate, and the number of gear 31 groups corresponds to the number and position of the collection mechanism.

[0036] The gear set 31 includes a driving bevel gear 5231 and a driven bevel gear ring 53 . The driving bevel gear 5231 is concentrically connected to the rotating shaft 51 . The driven bevel gear ring 53 is fixedly connected to the inner ring side of the moving ring 41 and meshes with the corresponding driving bevel gear 5231 .

[0037] The material guide is a material guide bag 6 , which is connected to the notch 43 and extends downward to be connected to an external storage container or a transmission mechanism. The material guide bag 6 is made of a flexible material.

[0038] When the potatoes are sorted by the grading mechanism and enter the collecting mechanism through the guide tube, in order to improve the collection efficiency and reduce the use of storage containers, the collecting tray in the collecting mechanism will collect potatoes of the same horizontal height, that is, the same size. At the same time, the second motor 5 is started, and the driving bevel gear 5231 on the rotating shaft 51 drives the corresponding driven bevel gear 31, that is, drives the movable ring 41 of the collecting tray. At this time, the movable ring 41 rotates and pushes the potatoes inside to roll in a circle through the paddle 42 until they are blocked by the baffle 24 when they move to the notch 43. Therefore, the potatoes will fall into the notch 43 and be discharged through the guidance of the guide bag 6. In order to improve the transportation of potatoes, the paddle 42 and the baffle 24 can adopt a cross-distributed grid plate structure to improve the pushing effect of potatoes. Of course, in other embodiments, the entire collecting tray can also be tilted toward the notch 43 to further promote the effect of the potatoes automatically rolling toward the notch 43.

[0039] The material guide bag 6 is made of a flexible material, such as cotton cloth or plastic. When plastic is used, plastic with shrinkage elasticity can be used to keep the internal channel of the material guide bag 6 shrinking. The material guide bag 6 shields the potatoes, thereby reducing the speed and impact of the potatoes falling, thereby improving the protection of the potatoes.

[0040] In another embodiment, the rollers in the grading mechanism can also be installed upside down, that is, the diameter of the rollers 21 gradually increases from the upper side to the lower side of the lower cover 2, and at the same time, the first transmission assembly turns the driving direction of the rollers, that is, the potatoes are transported from bottom to top, which can reduce the loading height and facilitate the loading needs.

[0041] Embodiment 2: The mounting frame 1 is a flat plate frame arranged obliquely, and a plurality of grading mechanisms are evenly arranged along the width direction of the mounting frame 1 . A material guide bag 6 corresponding to the material discharge port 23 is arranged at the rear side of the mounting frame 1 .

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the grading mechanisms can be distributed horizontally, and this distribution method can be used for factory distribution needs. By arranging corresponding containers or conveyor belts on the lower side of each grading mechanism, a rapid grading effect can be achieved. In some other embodiments, the grading mechanism can also be installed almost parallel to the ground, that is, the axis of the grading mechanism is at an angle of 5°-10° to the ground to ensure that the potatoes can roll in the lower cover. At this time, a storage container or conveyor belt corresponding to the discharge port can be installed on the lower side of the grading mechanism to meet the processing needs of other processing scenarios.

[0043] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine, comprising a mounting frame and a control panel, characterized in that: The side of the mounting frame is evenly provided with a plurality of grading mechanisms; The grading mechanism includes a first transmission assembly, a conveying assembly and a lower cover, the lower cover is a semicircular structure and is connected to the mounting frame, the conveying assembly is arranged in the lower cover, and the first transmission assembly is transmission-connected to the conveying assembly and is arranged at the upper end of the lower cover; The conveying assembly includes two conveyors distributed in parallel, and the conveyors include rollers and conveying blades. The rollers are rotatably connected to the lower cover, and the conveying blades are spiral conveying blades and are arranged on the sides of the rollers. The edges of the conveying blades of the two conveyors are tangent to each other. The diameter of the rollers gradually decreases from the upper side of the lower cover to the lower side, and the axes of the two rollers are parallel to each other. The lower cover is evenly provided with a plurality of discharge ports along the length direction, the discharge ports are connected to the mounting frame via a guide tube, a baffle is provided inside the lower cover at the lower side of the discharge port, an upper cover is also provided on the upper side of the lower cover, the lower cover and the upper cover cooperate to form a circular tube structure, and a feed port is provided on the upper side of the upper cover.

2. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly includes a first motor and two gears. The two gears are rotatably disposed on the lower cover and mesh with each other. The two gears are respectively connected to two rollers for transmission. The motor is connected to the lower cover and is coaxially connected to one of the gears for transmission.

3. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting frame is a truncated cone structure with a gradually increasing cross-sectional diameter from top to bottom. A plurality of the grading mechanisms are evenly arranged on the side of the mounting frame. A collecting mechanism matching the grading mechanism is arranged inside the mounting frame.

4. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism includes a second transmission assembly, a collecting plate and a material guide, the number of the collecting plates matches the number of the discharge ports and corresponds one to one, the collecting plate consists of a collecting plate and a baffle, the collecting plate is concentrically distributed with the mounting frame and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the mounting frame, the collecting plate includes a fixed ring and a movable ring, the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame and has an L-shaped structure in vertical section, the movable ring is rotatably connected to the inner ring side of the fixed ring and cooperates with the movable ring and has a U-shaped structure in vertical section, a number of paddle plates are evenly arranged on the inner ring side of the movable ring with a horizontal height lower than the baffle, a notch is opened at the lower end of one side of the fixed ring, the baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame and corresponds to the position of the notch, the baffle is located on the rear side of the movable ring relative to the notch in the rotation direction, and the material guide is connected to the notch.

5. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second transmission assembly includes a second motor, a rotating shaft and a gear set. The second motor is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame through a bracket. The rotating shaft is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the second motor and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame through the bracket. The gear set is arranged between the rotating shaft and the collection plate, and the number of the gear sets corresponds one-to-one to the number and position of the collection mechanism.

6. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear set comprises a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear ring, wherein the driving bevel gear is concentrically connected to the rotating shaft, and the driven bevel gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring side of the moving ring and meshes with the corresponding driving bevel gear.

7. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material guide is a material guide bag, which is connected to the notch and extends downward to be connected to an external storage container or a transmission mechanism, and is made of a flexible material.

8. The integrated potato seed potato grading and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame is a flat plate frame arranged obliquely, a plurality of the grading mechanisms are evenly arranged along the width direction of the mounting frame, and a material guide bag corresponding to a material discharge port is arranged at the rear side of the mounting frame.

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