Anti-overloading gantry crane

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-overloading gantry crane, and relates to the field of hoisting equipment, the anti-overloading gantry crane comprises a protection assembly, through the arrangement of the protection assembly, anti-overloading protection is carried out on a hoisted object with an unknown weight, once the hoisted object is overloaded, protection can be carried out in time, and a chain block is braked; the protection assembly comprises a mechanical protection part and a locking part, the locking part acts according to the state of the mechanical protection part, hardware protection can be achieved on all the parts from the mechanical level through the arrangement of the mechanical protection part and the protection part, and the safety of the chain block is improved. Comprising the steps of preventing damage to the hoisting device caused by overload and automatically and forcibly locking the chain block when overload occurs, so that whether overload occurs or not can be found according to the state of the shear pin when goods with unknown weight are hoisted, and action feedback can be made in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, in particular to an anti-overload gantry crane. Background Art

[0002] Gantry crane is a kind of lifting tool, which is widely used in various industries. In places where there is no fixed lifting point directly above the large equipment, the working environment on site is not suitable for lifting by truck crane, and there is no elevator in the old community, it is not only time-consuming and laborious to rely on manpower or to build temporary lifting frames, but also has great safety hazards.

[0003] At present, there are various kinds of homemade simple gantry cranes on the market, most of which are crude and often overloaded. Accidents of equipment and personnel casualties often occur due to damage to homemade gantry cranes. At present, gantry cranes on the market generally adopt some basic safety protection measures, such as limit switches, pressure sensors, etc., to prevent overload. However, these measures have the defects of slow response speed, lack of intuitive feedback, and single protection mechanism. Therefore, the safety performance requirements for lifting equipment are getting higher and higher. The present invention proposes a new type of anti-overload gantry crane. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the anti-overload gantry crane, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to implement overload protection for the gantry crane.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an anti-overload gantry crane, comprising a protection component, including a mechanical guard and a locking member; the mechanical guard is used to cope with overload conditions under unknown weight; the locking member is used to lock the hand winch in the overload condition; the locking member is actuated by the state of the mechanical guard; the mechanical guard comprises a mounting plate, a lifting plate located between the mounting plates, a shear pin passing through the mounting plate and the lifting plate, and a protection pin.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, wherein: the mounting plate and the lifting plate are connected by a threaded rod, and a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are provided on the mounting plate.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, wherein: a third mounting hole, a fourth mounting hole and a lifting hole are arranged on the lifting plate, the third mounting hole corresponds to the position of the first mounting hole, the fourth mounting hole corresponds to the position of the second mounting hole, the binding of the lifting object is achieved through the lifting holes, and the lifting plate is also provided with an embedding opening.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the shear pin passes through the second mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole, the protection pin passes through the first mounting hole and the third mounting hole, and a notch is provided on the shear pin.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the shear pin fits exactly with the second mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole, and there is a gap between the protection pin and the first mounting hole and the third mounting hole.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the locking member includes a spring buckle arranged in the lifting plate, the spring buckle can be passed through by the shear pin, and the spring buckle is just sleeved on the notch.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the locking member also includes a traction rope connected to the spring buckle, the end of the traction rope pulls the striker, and the striker is rotatably connected to the outer shell of the hand winch, and the closing of the striker controls the switch of the brake.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the hand chain hoist is connected to the protection component through a hook, and the hand chain hoist is also connected to a tension sensor, and the tension sensor is directly fixed on the pulley.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the pulley slides on the first mounting frame, the first mounting frame is connected to the second mounting frame through a fixing pin, and the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame are both provided with fixing holes that are embedded and matched with the fixing pin.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the anti-overload gantry crane described in the present invention, the second mounting frame is provided with a universal wheel and a weighing controller controlled by a fine-tuning screw connection, and signals are transmitted between the weighing controller and the tension sensor.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the cooperation of various components, it is effectively realized that when lifting goods of unknown weight, whether it is overloaded can be found through the state of the shear pin, and action feedback can be made in time, effectively avoiding blind lifting due to unknown weight, which eventually causes safety accidents. At the same time, the detachable design enables it to be used in places that cannot be reached by some lifting equipment, and then it can be used in various environments, thereby improving the overall work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0018] Figure 1 Scenario diagram to prevent the gantry crane from overloading.

[0019] Figure 2 Structural diagram of the hand chain hoist for preventing overload of gantry crane.

[0020] Figure 3 Structural diagram of the mechanical protection components of the gantry crane to prevent overload.

[0021] Figure 4 Exploded view of the mechanical protection of the gantry crane to prevent overload.

[0022] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the mechanical protection of the gantry crane to prevent overload. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments, either individually or selectively.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 5 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides an anti-overload gantry crane, which includes a protection component 100. The protection component 100 is configured to implement overload protection for hoisted objects of unknown weight. Once the hoisted object is overloaded, it will be protected in time and the hand winch 200 will be braked, thereby preventing the hoisted object from accidentally falling and preventing the hand winch from stalling.

[0028] Specifically, the protection component 100 includes a mechanical guard 101 and a locking member 102. The locking member 102 is activated according to the state of the mechanical guard 101. The arrangement of the mechanical guard 101 and the guard 102 can implement hardware protection for each component from a mechanical level, including preventing damage to the lifting device due to overloading and automatically forcibly locking the hand chain hoist 200 when overloading occurs.

[0029] Preferably, a mechanical guard 101 is used to cope with overload conditions under unknown weight;

[0030] The locking member 102 is used to lock the chain hoist 200 in the event of an overload.

[0031] The locking member 102 is activated by the state of the mechanical guard 101;

[0032] The mechanical guard 101 includes mounting plates 101a, hanging plates 101b located between the mounting plates 101a, shear pins 101d passing through the mounting plates 101a and the hanging plates 101b, and protection pins 101e.

[0033] Preferably, the mounting plate 101a is connected to the hanging plate 101b via a threaded rod 101c, and a first mounting hole 101a-1 and a second mounting hole 101a-2 are provided on the mounting plate 101a.

[0034] Preferably, the lifting plate 101b is provided with a third mounting hole 101b-1, a fourth mounting hole 101b-2 and a lifting hole 101b-3, the third mounting hole 101b-1 corresponds to the position of the first mounting hole 101a-1, the fourth mounting hole 101b-2 corresponds to the position of the second mounting hole 101a-2, and the binding of the lifting object is achieved through the lifting hole 101b-3. The lifting plate 101b is also provided with an embedding port W.

[0035] Preferably, the shear pin 101d passes through the second mounting hole 101a-2 and the fourth mounting hole 101b-2, the protection pin 101e passes through the first mounting hole 101a-1 and the third mounting hole 101b-1, and a notch A is provided on the shear pin 101d.

[0036] Preferably, the shear pin 101d fits perfectly with the second mounting hole 101a-2 and the fourth mounting hole 101b-2, and there is a gap between the protection pin 101e and the first mounting hole 101a-1 and the third mounting hole 101b-1;

[0037] The value of the gap has various effects on the overall device. For example, the appropriate value of the clearance can ensure that the protective pin does not bear weight under normal working conditions, and can intervene in time under overload conditions to provide necessary safety guarantees. By optimizing the gap, unnecessary wear of the protective pin under normal working conditions can be reduced, and its reliability and service life can be improved. The size of the gap will affect the response speed and load-bearing capacity of the protective pin under overload conditions. Appropriate clearance can ensure that the protective pin intervenes quickly when needed, while avoiding premature intervention that may lead to misoperation.

[0038] The range of the gap value needs to be optimized through multiple experiments. The following are the experimental steps:

[0039] S1: Preparation stage, assemble the gantry crane prototype and determine the theoretical maximum load capacity B1 max ;

[0040] S2: setting the experimental conditions, setting the range of the experimental gap parameter A, for example, from 0.1 mm to 1.1 mm;

[0041] S3: Adjust the gap parameter A, and adjust the gap between the protection pin and the middle steel plate to the first preset value;

[0042] S4: Measure the load capacity B1, gradually increase the load on the gantry crane, and record the data when the maximum load capacity is reached;

[0043] S5: Measurement of stability B2, testing the stability of the gantry crane under different working conditions, such as at different angles or under different loads;

[0044] S6: Measure the response speed B3, release the load and record the time it takes for the protection pin to respond, that is, the time from release to stop;

[0045] S7: record data, record the gap parameter A, load capacity B1, stability B2 and response speed B3 of each experiment;

[0046] S8: Determination of safety factor α: Determine the safety factor α according to design requirements and safety standards;

[0047] S9: Calculate the technical performance index TPI, and calculate the technical performance index TPI of each experiment according to the formula;

[0048] S10: Repeat the experiment, change the gap parameter A to the next preset value, and repeat S3 to S9;

[0049] S11: Data analysis: Analyze the experimental data and find the gap parameter A range with the highest TPI.

[0050]

[0051] The technical performance index

[0052] From the above table, we can see that when the gap parameter A is 0.35mm, the technical performance index TPI reaches 0.85, and when A=0.45mm, TPI is 0.88, ensuring that a clear peak is formed between A=0.35mm and 0.45mm. This shows that within this gap range, the comprehensive performance of the gantry crane is optimally balanced.

[0053] Preferably, the locking member 102 includes a spring buckle 102a disposed in the hanging plate 101b, the spring buckle 102a can be passed through by the shear pin 101d, and the spring buckle 102a is just sleeved on the notch A. As for the notch A, since the size of the notch A will affect various factors, the size of the notch A selected as the optimal value can make:

[0054] 1. Improved safety: The size of notch A directly affects the breaking load of the shear pin. By determining the optimal size of notch A, it can be ensured that the shear pin 101d breaks reliably before reaching the safety load, avoiding overloading and reducing the risk of accidents;

[0055] 2. Performance optimization: The optimal value of the gap A size helps to balance the lifting weight and lifting height of the gantry crane, ensuring the best performance without exceeding the design limit;

[0056] 3. Structural stability: An appropriate size of the notch A can enhance the structural stability of the shear pin 101d and reduce the possibility of accidental deformation or breakage under high loads.

[0057] The size of gap A can be achieved through specific experiments. The following are the detailed experimental steps:

[0058] S1: Make a series of shear pin 101d samples, each with a different notch A size, to ensure that the notch shape and type are consistent;

[0059] S2: Build a gantry crane test device to ensure the consistency and safety of the test environment;

[0060] S3: Test on shear pin 101d without notch, record lifting weight, lifting height and structural stability as baseline data;

[0061] S4: Test the shear pins 101d with different notch sizes one by one. Ensure that the equipment and environmental conditions are consistent before each test;

[0062] S5: gradually increase the load until the shear pin 101d breaks, and record the maximum safe load;

[0063] S6: Test the maximum lifting height without exceeding the maximum safe load of the shear pin by 101d;

[0064] S7: Observe and record the stability of the shear pin 101d and the gantry crane structure under different loads and heights;

[0065] S8: Accurately record the data of each test, including the size of gap A, maximum load, lifting height and structural stability performance;

[0066] S9: Analyze the influence of different notch A sizes on the shear pin 101d breaking load and gantry crane performance;

[0067] S10: Evaluate the safety of different sizes of the gap A according to the test results to determine whether there are safety hazards;

[0068]

[0069] Among them, the lifting weight performance factor Lifting height performance factor

[0070] Structural stability coefficient,

[0071] Where L opt is the optimal gap size that maximizes the structural stability coefficient, and ∈ is a very small positive number to ensure that the denominator will not be zero;

[0072] Comprehensive performance index PLEI = w1*F1+w2*F2+w3*F3; where w1, w2, w3 are weight coefficients that can be allocated according to actual importance;

[0073] When the gap size L = 5mm, the structural stability coefficient F3 reaches its maximum value, which makes the PLEI also reach its maximum value, forming the desired peak value. This helps to determine the optimal gap size L to optimize the comprehensive performance of the gantry crane.

[0074] The preferred values ​​obtained through the above experiments enable the use of the shear pin 101d and the protection pin 101e to further improve the performance of the overall device while completing the overload protection, so that both the response speed and the safety index can be guaranteed.

[0075] Preferably, the locking member 102 also includes a traction rope 102b connected to the spring buckle 102a, and the end of the traction rope 102b pulls the striker 102b-1, and the striker 102b-1 is rotatably connected to the outer shell of the hand winch 200. The closing of the striker 102b-1 controls the switch of the brake 102c, and the start of the brake 102c is controlled by closing the striker 102b-1, and then the ratchet inside the hand winch 200 is controlled to brake and lock.

[0076] Preferably, the hand chain hoist 200 is connected to the protection assembly 100 via a hook, and the hand chain hoist 200 is also connected to the tension sensor 300 , and the tension sensor 300 is directly fixed on the pulley 400 .

[0077] Preferably, the pulley 400 slides on the first mounting frame 500 , and the first mounting frame 500 is connected to the second mounting frame 502 via a fixing pin 501 . Both the first mounting frame 500 and the second mounting frame 502 are provided with a fixing hole 503 which is embedded and matched with the fixing pin 501 .

[0078] Preferably, the second mounting frame 502 is provided with a universal wheel 505 and a weighing controller 506 connected and controlled by a fine-tuning screw 504 , and signals are transmitted between the weighing controller 506 and the tension sensor 300 .

[0079] First, when hoisting work is required, the staff transports the various components to the designated location and then starts to assemble, connects the first mounting frame 500 and the second mounting frame 502 through the fixing pin 501, and then adjusts the hoisting height by adjusting the insertion height of the fixing pin 501 according to the needs;

[0080] When facing stairs or rugged roads, the two side brackets of the second mounting frame 502 are respectively adjusted to two positions, one high and one low, and then the fixing pins 501 on both sides are adjusted to allow the first mounting frame 500, that is, the pulley 400, to slide horizontally. Since the fixing pins 501 can only be roughly positioned and each adjustment is fixed, once fine-tuning is required, the extension and retraction of the universal wheel 505 need to be adjusted by screwing the fine-tuning screw 504, that is, the overall height is roughly adjusted by the fixing pin 501, and the height is fine-tuned by the fine-tuning screw 504, so that the pulley 400 can always remain parallel to the ground;

[0081] At the same time, the staff connects the components in turn through the hooks between the components, and pulls the traction rope 102b to insert the spring buckle 102a into the embedding opening W of the lifting plate 101b. At this time, the shear pin 101d is inserted so that the shear pin 101d is just embedded in the spring buckle 102a. At this time, the spring buckle 102a is in a stretched state, and the striker 102b-1 also controls the switch of the brake 102c to be turned off. At this time, the hand chain hoist 200 is not braked;

[0082] Then the staff begins to bind the object to be hoisted to the hoisting hole 101b-3. Since the alarm threshold is set for the weighing controller 506 in advance, once the hoisting threshold of our device is exceeded, the shear pin 101d will break. Since the shear pin 101d is provided with a notch A in advance, it can only break from the notch A when it breaks. Since the notch A is sleeved with a spring buckle 102a, when the shear pin 101d breaks, the spring buckle 102a rebounds from the stretched state, and then the pulled striker 102b-1 controls the switch of the brake 102c to close, so that the brake 102c is forced to brake the hand chain hoist 200;

[0083] At the same time, when the shear pin 101d breaks, the hoisting plate 101b no longer exerts force on the shear pin 101d, but directly acts on the protective pin 101e. The existence of the protective pin 101e prevents the hoisted object from falling due to excessive weight, thereby playing a protective role.

[0084] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-overload gantry crane, characterized in that: include, A protection assembly (100) comprising a mechanical protection member (101) and a locking member (102); The mechanical protection element (101) is used to cope with overload conditions under unknown weight; The locking member (102) is used to lock the hand chain hoist (200) in the event of an overload; The locking member (102) is activated by the state of the mechanical protection member (101); The mechanical protection element (101) comprises a mounting plate (101a), a hanging plate (101b) located between the mounting plates (101a), a shear pin (101d) passing through the mounting plate (101a) and the hanging plate (101b), and a protection pin (101e).

2. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate (101a) and the hanging plate (101b) are connected via a threaded rod (101c), and a first mounting hole (101a-1) and a second mounting hole (101a-2) are provided on the mounting plate (101a).

3. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hoisting plate (101b) is provided with a third mounting hole (101b-1), a fourth mounting hole (101b-2) and a hoisting hole (101b-3); the third mounting hole (101b-1) corresponds to the position of the first mounting hole (101a-1); the fourth mounting hole (101b-2) corresponds to the position of the second mounting hole (101a-2); the hoisting object is bound through the hoisting hole (101b-3); and the hoisting plate (101b) is also provided with an embedding opening (W).

4. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shear pin (101d) passes through the second mounting hole (101a-2) and the fourth mounting hole (101b-2), the protection pin (101e) passes through the first mounting hole (101a-1) and the third mounting hole (101b-1), and a notch (A) is provided on the shear pin (101d), and the notch (A) is set to 5 mm.

5. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shear pin (101d) fits perfectly with the second mounting hole (101a-2) and the fourth mounting hole (101b-2), and there is a gap between the protection pin (101e) and the first mounting hole (101a-1) and the second mounting hole (101a-2), and the gap value is between 0.35 mm and 0.45 mm.

6. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking member (102) comprises a spring buckle (102a) arranged in the hanging plate (101b), the spring buckle (102a) can be passed through by the shear pin (101d), and the spring buckle (102a) is just sleeved on the notch (A).

7. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking member (102) further comprises a traction rope (102b) connected to the spring buckle (102a), the end of the traction rope (102b) pulls a striker (102b-1), and the striker (102b-1) is rotatably connected to the outer shell of the hand chain hoist (200), and the closing of the striker (102b-1) controls the switch of the brake (102c).

8. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hand chain hoist (200) is connected to the protection component (100) via a hook, and the hand chain hoist (200) is also connected to a tension sensor (300), and the tension sensor (300) is directly fixed on the pulley (400).

9. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pulley (400) slides on the first mounting frame (500), and the first mounting frame (500) is connected to the second mounting frame (502) via a fixing pin (501), and the first mounting frame (500) and the second mounting frame (502) are both provided with a fixing hole (503) that is embedded and matched with the fixing pin (501).

10. The anti-overload gantry crane according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second mounting frame (502) is provided with a universal wheel (505) and a weighing controller (506) connected and controlled by a fine-tuning screw (504), and signals are transmitted between the weighing controller (506) and the tension sensor (300).

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