Groove type compost circulating fermentation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a trough type compost circulating fermentation method which comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging fermentation troughs: dividing a whole fermentation area into six fermentation troughs which are arranged in parallel, and respectively arranging an aggregate belt conveyor, a return material distributor, a material distribution belt conveyor, six material distributors, a return material belt conveyor, feeding equipment and discharging equipment; the whole fermentation area is re-divided, the material retention time of each fermentation tank is 4 days or 8 days, and the water content of discharged materials of each fermentation tank is detected, namely the water content of each batch of materials is automatically detected once every 4 days, so that the aeration rate of the fermentation tanks can be effectively controlled, and the materials are fully fermented; the material fermentation condition is judged by automatically detecting the water content of each batch of materials every four days, the material flow direction is automatically controlled, the material fermentation period is reasonably optimized, and the organic fertilizer product quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aerobic fermentation, and in particular to a tank-type composting circulation fermentation method. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic fermentation usually refers to high-temperature aerobic fermentation, which is the process of converting organic matter in feces into stable humus through the metabolism of aerobic microorganisms. The heat generated during the metabolism can raise the temperature of the pile layer to above 55°C, effectively killing pathogens, parasite eggs and weed seeds, and evaporating water to stabilize and harmlessly render the feces. Aerobic fermentation technology (composting) has a long history. Land use of feces after aerobic fermentation is one of the important feces disposal methods at home and abroad.

[0003] According to the current application status of domestic fermentation technology, fermentation technology can be classified into several types: strip-stack fermentation, box-type aerobic fermentation process, fermentation tank (or fermentation pool) aerobic fermentation, etc. Among them, the fermentation tank (or fermentation pool) aerobic fermentation process has the advantages of high mechanization, small climate impact, and adjustable fermentation quality, which is suitable for large-scale industrial production. For example, the existing continuous high-temperature tank-type aerobic fermentation technology uses a turning machine. Large-scale turning equipment can be used to turn the stack regularly and continuously during the fermentation cycle. The system is equipped with a special aeration system. The entire fermentation cycle takes about 21 days.

[0004] However, existing fermentation tank composting usually requires a longer fermentation site, generally requiring a fermentation tank of about 100m. Due to the characteristics of tank fermentation, the material is turned over while being moved to the discharge end. When the length of the site is limited, it is difficult to ensure the fermentation time and the number of turnings, which in turn affects the quality of the compost. For example, in the entire composting process of the existing continuous high-temperature tank aerobic fermentation technology, the temperature changes over time and goes through the stages of heating, continuous high temperature and cooling, which takes a total of 16-20 days. Due to the characteristics of the tank composting that each turning moves the compost material to the discharge end by about 2 to 5m, when the length of the site is limited, the number of turnings experienced by the same batch of raw materials will become less, and the effective fermentation time will also be reduced. It is impossible to fully experience the stages of heating, continuous high temperature and cooling, which ultimately leads to insufficient fermentation. Even if the fermentation time is increased by reducing the frequency of turning the material, the material will be left standing for a long time after turning it. Due to the uneven material composition and porosity, local aeration is insufficient and local anaerobic reaction will occur. In addition, the moisture in the lower layer is not easy to dissipate, which makes the moisture content below the compost too high, and even forms a compaction under the compost, affecting the aeration effect, which will also seriously affect the quality of the compost.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trough composting circulation fermentation method, which can use a relatively short fermentation tank on the basis of ensuring the relative quality of the compost, flexibly control the turning cycle of the material, that is, the composting cycle, by detecting the moisture content of the material according to the characteristics of different fermentation stages, and flexibly select different operating modes according to different working conditions, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A tank composting cycle fermentation method, firstly, the fermentation area is arranged in the following manner: the entire fermentation area is divided into six fermentation tanks arranged in parallel, namely, tank I, tank II, tank III, tank IV, tank V and tank VI, the width of each fermentation tank is greater than the width of a composting machine, the length of each fermentation tank is sufficient for the material to stay for at least 4 days, that is, the material will not be discharged until the fifth composting, so that the fermentation time of each batch of materials is 24 days;

[0009] Along the length direction of each fermentation tank, a collecting belt conveyor is arranged below the ground at one end of the discharging area of ​​each fermentation tank, and a discharging device is arranged on the collecting belt conveyor. A distributing belt conveyor that passes through six fermentation tanks is arranged above the fermentation tank at one end of the distributing area of ​​each fermentation tank, and a distributing distributor is arranged on the distributing belt conveyor at the position corresponding to each fermentation tank;

[0010] A feeding device is arranged at one end of the material distribution belt conveyor;

[0011] A return material distributor is provided at one end of the collecting belt conveyor, and the return material belt conveyor is connected via the return material distributor, and the return material belt conveyor is connected to one end of the distribution belt conveyor;

[0012] A material moisture content detection device is arranged at the end of the collecting belt conveyor, which can detect the moisture content of the material, so that the control device controls the action of the corresponding material distributor according to the moisture content detected and the actual position of the fermentation tank for material discharge, so that the batch of materials can flow back into the fermentation tank or be discharged through the discharging equipment for external transportation;

[0013] Then the composting cycle fermentation process is carried out according to the following steps, including:

[0014] Among the six fermentation tanks, tank I and tank II are used as fermentation tanks for new materials. The moisture content of the new materials input by the feeding equipment is controlled to be below 65%. The material distributor of tank I and the material distributor of tank II are only controlled by the feeding time, that is, the actions of the two material distributors corresponding to the two fermentation tanks are controlled according to the feeding amount.

[0015] The moisture content of the new material in tank III is set to 55-60%, the moisture content of the new material in tank IV is set to 50-55%, the moisture content of the new material in tank V is set to 45-50%, and the moisture content of the new material in tank VI is set to less than 45%;

[0016] The new materials from tank III to tank VI are added by controlling the material distributors of tank III to tank VI according to the fermentation tanks corresponding to the detected moisture content of the materials discharged from tanks I to V after the moisture content of the materials is detected by the material moisture content detection device;

[0017] The material discharged from the VI tank is not detected by the material moisture content detection device, but is directly transferred through the discharging equipment for external transportation;

[0018] Control the turning machine to turn over materials from the discharge area of ​​each fermentation tank to the distribution area one by one in the order of tank VI to tank I, wherein, during the turning over process, the materials in tanks V to I are turned over and thrown into the collecting belt conveyor at the discharge area, and in the process of passing through the material moisture content detection device, the return material distributor and the return material belt conveyor in sequence, the material moisture content detection device detects the moisture content of the newly passed batch of materials to obtain the average moisture content, and controls the distribution distributor of the distribution belt conveyor above the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content according to the average moisture content to return the materials into the corresponding fermentation tank, and then no longer detects the moisture content of the subsequent materials of the fermentation tank, and all the discharges of the fermentation tank are transported to the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content for continued fermentation, and the cycle is repeated;

[0019] Among them, the tanks I and II only receive new materials, and the tanks III to VI only receive recycled materials; the discharges from the tanks I to V only enter the corresponding fermentation tanks according to the moisture content for cyclic fermentation, and only the discharge from the tank VI is directly transferred to the outbound transport through the discharge equipment for subsequent processing;

[0020] Under the composting cycle fermentation treatment operation condition, the material residence time in tanks I and II is 8 days respectively, and the material residence time in tanks III to VI is 4 days respectively, so that the total residence time of each batch of materials is 24 days.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the tank composting cycle fermentation method provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] By allowing the new materials in Tanks I and II to stay for 8 days, the temperature of the materials in this area can be guaranteed to rise normally, solving the problem of certain differences in each batch of new materials. The materials then enter the subsequent cyclic fermentation process in a high-temperature state to ensure the normal execution of the entire fermentation process. By redividing the entire fermentation area, the retention time of materials in each fermentation area is 4 or 8 days. By testing the moisture content of the discharge from each fermentation tank, that is, automatically testing the moisture content of each batch of materials every 4 days, the aeration volume in this area can be effectively controlled to ensure that the materials are fully fermented. By automatically testing the moisture content of each batch of materials every 4 days, the fermentation status of the materials can be judged, the material flow direction can be automatically controlled, and the material fermentation cycle can be reasonably optimized to ensure the quality of organic fertilizer products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A process layout diagram of a trough composting circulation fermentation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Aeration system diagram of the trough composting circulation fermentation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 A process flow chart of a tank composting circulation fermentation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a process flow chart of the tank composting circulation fermentation method provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a process flow chart of the tank composting circulation fermentation method provided in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure, 1-feeding conveying equipment; 2-material distribution belt conveyor; 3-material distribution distributor; 4-return material belt conveyor; 5-discharging equipment; 6-return material distributor; 7-material moisture content detection device; 8-fermentation tank; 9-collecting belt conveyor; 10-turning machine; 11-aeration fan unit; 12-aeration pipeline; 13-aeration head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the specific content of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, which does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] First, the terms that may be used in this article are explained as follows:

[0032] The term “and / or” means that either or both of them can be realized at the same time. For example, X and / or Y means both “X” or “Y” and “X and Y”.

[0033] The terms "include", "comprises", "contains", "has" or other descriptions with similar semantics should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including certain technical feature elements (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products or products, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only certain technical feature elements explicitly listed, but also other technical feature elements known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0034] The term "consisting of..." means excluding any technical feature elements not explicitly listed. If this term is used in a claim, it will make the claim closed, so that it does not contain technical feature elements other than the technical feature elements explicitly listed, except for the conventional impurities related to them. If this term only appears in a clause of a claim, it only limits the elements explicitly listed in the clause, and the elements recorded in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this article can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] When concentration, temperature, pressure, size or other parameters are expressed in the form of a numerical range, the numerical range should be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by the pairing of any upper limit, lower limit, and preferred value in the numerical range, regardless of whether the range is explicitly stated; for example, if a numerical range of "2 to 8" is stated, the numerical range should be interpreted as including ranges such as "2 to 7", "2 to 6", "5 to 7", "3 to 4 and 6 to 7", "3 to 5 and 7", "2 and 5 to 7", etc. Unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges stated herein include both their end values ​​and all integers and fractions within the numerical range.

[0037] The orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation of this document.

[0038] The scheme provided by the present invention is described in detail below. The contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to professionals in the field. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments of the present invention, they are carried out according to the conventional conditions in the field or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers are not specified in the reagents or instruments used in the embodiments of the present invention, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a tank composting cycle fermentation method, firstly, the fermentation area is arranged in the following manner: the entire fermentation area is divided into six fermentation tanks arranged in parallel, namely, tank I, tank II, tank III, tank IV, tank V and tank VI, the width of each fermentation tank is greater than the width of the turner, and the length of each fermentation tank is sufficient for the material to stay for at least 4 days, that is, the material will not be discharged until the fifth turn, so that the stay fermentation time of each batch of materials is 24 days;

[0040] Along the length direction of each fermentation tank, a collecting belt conveyor is arranged below the ground at one end of the discharging area of ​​each fermentation tank, and a discharging device is arranged on the collecting belt conveyor. A distributing belt conveyor that passes through six fermentation tanks is arranged above the fermentation tank at one end of the distributing area of ​​each fermentation tank, and a distributing distributor is arranged on the distributing belt conveyor at the position corresponding to each fermentation tank;

[0041] A feeding device is arranged at one end of the material distribution belt conveyor;

[0042] A return material distributor is provided at one end of the collecting belt conveyor, and the return material belt conveyor is connected via the return material distributor, and the return material belt conveyor is connected to one end of the distribution belt conveyor;

[0043] A material moisture content detection device is arranged at the end of the collecting belt conveyor, which can detect the moisture content of the material, so that the control device controls the action of the corresponding material distributor according to the moisture content detected and the actual position of the fermentation tank for material discharge, so that the batch of materials can flow back into the fermentation tank or be discharged through the discharging equipment for external transportation;

[0044] Then the composting cycle fermentation process is carried out according to the following steps, including:

[0045] Among the six fermentation tanks, tank I and tank II are used as fermentation tanks for new materials. The moisture content of the new materials input by the feeding equipment is controlled to be below 65%. The material distributor of tank I and the material distributor of tank II are only controlled by the feeding time, that is, the actions of the two material distributors corresponding to the two fermentation tanks are controlled according to the feeding amount.

[0046] The moisture content of the new material in tank III is set to 55-60%, the moisture content of the new material in tank IV is set to 50-55%, the moisture content of the new material in tank V is set to 45-50%, and the moisture content of the new material in tank VI is set to less than 45%;

[0047] The new materials from tank III to tank VI are added by controlling the material distributors of tank III to tank VI according to the fermentation tanks corresponding to the detected moisture content of the materials discharged from tanks I to V after the moisture content of the materials is detected by the material moisture content detection device;

[0048] The material discharged from the VI tank is not detected by the material moisture content detection device, but is directly transferred through the discharging equipment for external transportation;

[0049] Control the turning machine to turn over materials from the discharge area of ​​each fermentation tank to the distribution area one by one in the order of tank VI to tank I, wherein, during the turning over process, the materials in tanks V to I are turned over and thrown into the collecting belt conveyor at the discharge area, and in the process of passing through the material moisture content detection device, the return material distributor and the return material belt conveyor in sequence, the material moisture content detection device detects the moisture content of the newly passed batch of materials to obtain the average moisture content, and controls the distribution distributor of the distribution belt conveyor above the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content according to the average moisture content to return the materials into the corresponding fermentation tank, and then no longer detects the moisture content of the subsequent materials of the fermentation tank, and all the discharges of the fermentation tank are transported to the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content for continued fermentation, and the cycle is repeated;

[0050] Among them, the tanks I and II only receive new materials, and the tanks III to VI only receive recycled materials; the discharges from the tanks I to V only enter the corresponding fermentation tanks according to the moisture content for cyclic fermentation, and only the discharge from the tank VI is directly transferred to the outbound transport through the discharge equipment for subsequent processing;

[0051] Under the composting cycle fermentation treatment operation condition, the material residence time in tanks I and II is 8 days respectively, and the material residence time in tanks III to VI is 4 days respectively, so that the total residence time of each batch of materials is 24 days.

[0052] Preferably, in the above method, an aeration fan unit is arranged in each fermentation tank along the length direction.

[0053] Preferably, in the above method, each aeration air unit consists of an aeration fan and an aeration pipe, the aeration fan is arranged at the initial feed end of the corresponding fermentation tank, and the aeration pipe connected to the aeration fan runs from the initial feed end to the initial discharge end of the corresponding fermentation tank.

[0054] Preferably, in the above method, the intermittent aeration device performs aeration and ventilation in a corresponding ventilation mode according to the determined temperature zones of the fermentation tank, including:

[0055] The temperature of the fermentation tank is determined by monitoring the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank with a temperature probe or the moisture content of the discharge water content of the fermentation tank is determined by monitoring the temperature of the fermentation tank with a moisture content probe.

[0056] The process of using a temperature probe to monitor the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank to determine the temperature zone of the fermentation tank and aerating and ventilating according to the corresponding ventilation mode of the determined temperature zone is as follows:

[0057] When the temperature probe monitors that the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank is above 50°C, the fermentation tank is set as a high temperature zone, and the high temperature zone ventilation mode is used to control the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank for aeration and ventilation; when the temperature probe monitors that the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank is below 50°C, the fermentation tank is set as a cooling zone, and the cooling zone ventilation mode is used to control the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank for aeration and ventilation;

[0058] The process of using a moisture probe to monitor the moisture content of the fermentation tank discharge to determine the temperature zone of the fermentation tank, and performing aeration and ventilation according to the corresponding ventilation method of the determined temperature zone is as follows:

[0059] When the moisture content probe monitors that the moisture content of the fermentation tank output is above 40%, the fermentation tank is set as a high temperature zone, and the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank is controlled to perform aeration and ventilation using the high temperature zone ventilation mode;

[0060] When the moisture content of the fermentation tank discharge is monitored by the moisture probe to be below 40%, the fermentation tank is set as a cooling zone, and the cooling zone ventilation mode is used to control the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank for aeration and ventilation.

[0061] Preferably, in the above method, the aeration and ventilation control of the intermittent aeration equipment further includes:

[0062] The first fermentation tank with a discharge temperature below 50°C or a discharge moisture content below 40% is determined as a temperature rising zone, and the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank is controlled for aeration and ventilation using a high temperature zone ventilation method.

[0063] Preferably, in the above method, in the aeration and ventilation control of the intermittent aeration equipment, the high temperature zone ventilation mode is: the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank aerates and ventilates for 30 minutes per hour;

[0064] The ventilation method of the cooling zone is: the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank aerates and ventilates for 15 minutes per hour.

[0065] In order to more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and technical effects provided by the present invention, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a tank composting cycle fermentation method. Figure 1 Taking the process layout diagram shown in the figure as an example, a total of 6 fermentation tanks are set up. The width of each fermentation tank is slightly larger than the width of the turner. The length of the fermentation tank is at least enough for the material to stay for 4 days, that is, the material will not be discharged until the fifth turn. In this way, each batch of materials can stay and ferment for about 24 days. Figure 1 The aggregate belt conveyor is set below the ground (on the right side of the figure), and the other end (i.e. Figure 1 (left side in the figure) A material distribution belt conveyor is set above the fermentation tank to pass through 6 fermentation tanks, and a material distribution distributor is set on the material distribution belt conveyor at the position corresponding to each fermentation tank. A material moisture content detection device is set near the end of the collecting belt conveyor. The material distribution distributor can be controlled by judging the moisture content and the actual position of the fermentation tank for discharging, so that the batch of materials can be returned to the circulating fermentation system or discharged and transported through the discharging conveyor.

[0068] The most basic operating conditions of the system are as follows:

[0069] The fermentation area is divided into the process flow Figure 3As shown, there are 6 fermentation tanks in total: tank I and tank II are fermentation tanks for newly-fed materials, the moisture content of which should be controlled below 65%, and their material distributors are only controlled by the feeding time, that is, the action of the material distributors is controlled according to the feeding amount to realize the feeding control of the two fermentation tanks; the feeding moisture content of tank III is set to 55-60%, the feeding moisture content of tank IV is set to 50-55%, the feeding moisture content of tank V is set to 45-50%, and the feeding moisture content of tank VI is set to below 45%. The feeding conditions of tank III to tank VI need to be detected by the material moisture content detection device for the discharge moisture content of tanks I to V respectively, and the material distributors of tanks III to VI are controlled to distribute the materials according to the different intervals of the obtained data; the discharge of tank VI is not detected by the material moisture content detection device, but is directly transferred and transported through the discharge equipment.

[0070] The material turner turns the materials from the discharge end to the feed end one by one in the order of the VI tank to the I tank. During the turning process, the materials in the V tank to the I tank near the discharge end are turned into the collecting belt conveyor, and in the process of passing through the material moisture content detection device, the return material distributor and the return material belt conveyor in sequence, the material moisture content detection device will detect the moisture content of the newly passed batch of materials, calculate the average value, and then control the operation of the distribution distributor of the distribution belt conveyor above the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content, and then no longer detect the moisture content of the subsequent materials in the fermentation tank, and all the discharges of the fermentation tank are transported to the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content for continued fermentation, and so on.

[0071] Among them, the tanks I and II only receive new materials, and the tanks III to VI receive recycled materials; the discharge from the tanks I to V can only enter the corresponding fermentation tanks according to the moisture content for cyclic fermentation, and only the discharge from the tank VI can be directly transferred and transported through the discharge equipment for subsequent processing.

[0072] Under this operating condition, the material residence time of the tanks I and II is about 8 days, and the material residence time of the tanks III to VI is about 4 days, that is, the total residence time of each batch of materials is about 24 days. If the material ferments well or poorly during the fermentation process, and the water loss is more or less, there will be a situation of "cross-tank" cyclic fermentation. For example, the discharge of tank III may enter tank V or tank VI for fermentation, and the discharge of tank III may enter tank III again for fermentation. That is, the material fermentation situation will be automatically judged according to the moisture content. Through the intelligent control of the system, the material fermentation cycle can be reasonably optimized to ensure the quality of organic fertilizer products.

[0073] From the above, it can be seen that the tank composting cycle fermentation method of the embodiment of the present invention, by redividing the entire fermentation area, the material residence time of each fermentation tank is 4 days or 8 days, and by detecting the moisture content of the discharge of each fermentation tank, that is, automatically detecting the moisture content of each batch of materials once every 4 days, the aeration amount of the fermentation tank can be effectively controlled to fully ferment the materials; by automatically detecting the moisture content of each batch of materials once every 4 days to judge the fermentation situation of the materials, the material flow direction is automatically controlled, the material fermentation cycle is reasonably optimized, and the quality of the organic fertilizer product is guaranteed. At the same time, the new materials in tanks I and II are allowed to stay for 8 days, which can ensure that the materials in this area are heated normally, solve the problem that each batch of new materials has certain differences, and then enter the subsequent cycle fermentation process at a high temperature to ensure the normal execution of the entire fermentation process.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] This embodiment provides a tank composting cycle fermentation method, specifically, the fermentation tank is 20m long, which can adapt to the space limitation in the factory, and intermittent aeration is performed at the bottom of the fermentation tank. If the compost is turned over every day according to the conventional method, the high temperature period residence time required for harmlessness of the compost cannot be guaranteed; if the turning interval is increased to increase the residence time, the material cannot be fully mixed through sufficient turning times, resulting in too high moisture content at the bottom of the compost and insufficient fermentation.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the fermentation tank is equally divided into three units A, B, and C along the flipping direction, wherein unit A includes tank 1 and tank 2 set as the primary fermentation area, unit B includes tank 3 and tank 4 set as the circulation fermentation area 1, and unit C includes tank 5 and tank 6 set as the circulation fermentation area 2. A moisture probe is provided at the discharge end of unit B.

[0077] The compost raw materials with adjusted moisture content and carbon-nitrogen ratio are fed into the feed end of the primary fermentation area of ​​unit A by a forklift and turned from the feed end to the discharge end once a day. When the materials are turned and reach the discharge end, they are transferred to the feed end of the circulating fermentation area 1 of unit B by a belt.

[0078] The circulating fermentation area 1 of unit B is turned over from the feed end to the discharge end once a day. When the material is turned over and reaches the discharge end of unit B, the moisture content at this time is detected by the moisture content probe at the discharge end. If the moisture content is lower than 40%, it means that the compost is basically mature and the material is directly discharged; if the moisture content is higher than 40%, the material is transferred to the feed end of the circulating fermentation area 2 of unit C by a belt.

[0079] Due to the loss of dry matter during the composting process, the volume of the material is greatly reduced when it is retracted to the C unit, and in order to further increase the residence time, the circulating fermentation area 2 of the C unit is turned from west to east every two days. When the material reaches the east side of the C unit, the compost is mature and can be discharged. After the discharge is screened, the screened material is returned to the feed port on the west side of the A unit by a forklift. The screened material can be used to adjust the moisture content of the raw material for return, or it can be directly used as nutrient soil or processed into organic fertilizer.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment provides a trough composting cycle fermentation method, in which the length of the plant fermentation tank used in the method is 40 to 80 meters, and the material is distributed through a distributor. Since the length of the aerobic composting tank in the plant is short, if the compost is turned over every day, the moisture content will decrease less due to the short residence time. The fermentation method of this embodiment can increase the residence time on the basis of maintaining the compost output and the turning frequency, increase the high temperature time of the compost, and further reduce the moisture content.

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, the composting area in the entire fermentation area is evenly divided into 6 fermentation tanks along the turning direction, among which fermentation tanks one to three are set as primary fermentation areas; fermentation tanks four to six are set as circulating fermentation areas, and temperature probes are provided at the discharge ends of the primary fermentation area and the circulating fermentation area.

[0083] The process of cyclic fermentation treatment is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the feed is mixed with the auxiliary material (return material) and fed into the primary fermentation area through a distributor. The tossing is performed at a frequency of daily tossing. After each tossing and before the next tossing, the feed is fed again and this step is repeated.

[0084] When the compost in the primary fermentation area reaches the discharge end, the temperature is detected by the temperature probe. If the temperature is higher than 50°C, it means that the high temperature period of the compost has ended and the compost has been initially decomposed, and the material is discharged directly. The intelligent control system automatically reallocates the fermentation area, sets all fermentation tanks as the primary fermentation area, and cancels the circulation fermentation area. If the temperature is lower than 50°C, it is transported to the compost feed silo by a forklift without adding any other raw materials, and then the distributor distributes the discharge from the primary fermentation area to the circulation fermentation area. The compost in the circulation fermentation area is still turned at the frequency of daily turning. After each turning and before the next turning, the discharge from the primary fermentation area is distributed to the circulation fermentation area, and this step is repeated every time it is turned.

[0085] After discharge, the material can be directly returned to the field as nutrient soil or used as return material to adjust the moisture content of the raw materials. It can also be processed into organic powder fertilizer or granular fertilizer for sale.

[0086] The fermentation method of this embodiment, by setting up a circulating fermentation zone, can double the residence time of the compost while maintaining the length of the fermentation tank unchanged, thereby achieving further degradation of the material and evaporation of water, which can improve the quality of the output material and reduce toxicity and moisture content.

[0087] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background technology section of this article is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tank composting cycle fermentation method, characterized in that: First, the fermentation area is set up in the following manner: the entire fermentation area is divided into six parallel fermentation tanks, namely, tank I, tank II, tank III, tank IV, tank V and tank VI. The width of each fermentation tank is greater than the width of the turner. The length of each fermentation tank is sufficient for the material to stay for at least 4 days, that is, the material will not be discharged until the fifth turn, so that the fermentation time of each batch of materials is 24 days; Along the length direction of each fermentation tank, a collecting belt conveyor is arranged below the ground at one end of the discharging area of ​​each fermentation tank, and a discharging device is arranged on the collecting belt conveyor. A distributing belt conveyor that passes through six fermentation tanks is arranged above the fermentation tank at one end of the distributing area of ​​each fermentation tank, and a distributing distributor is arranged on the distributing belt conveyor at the position corresponding to each fermentation tank; A feeding device is arranged at one end of the material distribution belt conveyor; A return material distributor is provided at one end of the collecting belt conveyor, and the return material belt conveyor is connected via the return material distributor, and the return material belt conveyor is connected to one end of the distribution belt conveyor; A material moisture content detection device is arranged at the end of the collecting belt conveyor, which can detect the moisture content of the material, so that the control device controls the action of the corresponding material distributor according to the moisture content detected and the actual position of the fermentation tank for material discharge, so that the batch of materials can flow back into the fermentation tank or be discharged through the discharging equipment for external transportation; Then the composting cycle fermentation process is carried out according to the following steps, including: Among the six fermentation tanks, tank I and tank II are used as fermentation tanks for new materials. The moisture content of the new materials input by the feeding equipment is controlled to be below 65%. The material distributor of tank I and the material distributor of tank II are only controlled by the feeding time, that is, the actions of the two material distributors corresponding to the two fermentation tanks are controlled according to the feeding amount. The moisture content of the new material in tank III is set to 55-60%, the moisture content of the new material in tank IV is set to 50-55%, the moisture content of the new material in tank V is set to 45-50%, and the moisture content of the new material in tank VI is set to less than 45%; The new materials from tank III to tank VI are added by controlling the material distributors of tank III to tank VI according to the fermentation tanks corresponding to the detected moisture content of the materials discharged from tanks I to V after the moisture content of the materials is detected by the material moisture content detection device; The material discharged from the VI tank is not detected by the material moisture content detection device, but is directly transferred through the discharging equipment for external transportation; Control the turning machine to turn over materials from the discharge area of ​​each fermentation tank to the distribution area one by one in the order of tank VI to tank I, wherein, during the turning over process, the materials in tanks V to I are turned over and thrown into the collecting belt conveyor at the discharge area, and in the process of passing through the material moisture content detection device, the return material distributor and the return material belt conveyor in sequence, the material moisture content detection device detects the moisture content of the newly passed batch of materials to obtain the average moisture content, and controls the distribution distributor of the distribution belt conveyor above the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content according to the average moisture content to return the materials into the corresponding fermentation tank, and then no longer detects the moisture content of the subsequent materials of the fermentation tank, and all the discharges of the fermentation tank are transported to the fermentation tank with the corresponding moisture content for continued fermentation, and the cycle is repeated; Among them, the tanks I and II only receive new materials, and the tanks III to VI only receive recycled materials; the discharges from the tanks I to V only enter the corresponding fermentation tanks according to the moisture content for cyclic fermentation, and only the discharge from the tank VI is directly transferred to the outbound transport through the discharge equipment for subsequent processing; Under the composting cycle fermentation treatment operation condition, the material residence time in tanks I and II is 8 days respectively, and the material residence time in tanks III to VI is 4 days respectively, so that the total residence time of each batch of materials is 24 days.

2. The tank composting cycle fermentation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aeration fan unit is arranged in each fermentation tank along the length direction.

3. The tank composting cycle fermentation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each aeration air unit consists of an aeration fan and an aeration pipeline. The aeration fan is arranged at the primary feeding end of the corresponding fermentation tank, and the aeration pipeline connected to the aeration fan extends from the primary feeding end to the primary discharging end of the corresponding fermentation tank.

4. The tank composting cycle fermentation method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The intermittent aeration device performs aeration and ventilation in a corresponding ventilation mode according to the determined temperature zones of the fermentation tank, including: The temperature of the fermentation tank is determined by monitoring the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank with a temperature probe or the moisture content of the discharge water content of the fermentation tank is determined by monitoring the temperature of the fermentation tank with a moisture content probe. The process of using a temperature probe to monitor the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank to determine the temperature zone of the fermentation tank and aerating and ventilating according to the corresponding ventilation mode of the determined temperature zone is as follows: When the temperature probe monitors that the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank is above 50°C, the fermentation tank is set as a high temperature zone, and the high temperature zone ventilation mode is used to control the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank for aeration and ventilation; when the temperature probe monitors that the discharge temperature of the fermentation tank is below 50°C, the fermentation tank is set as a cooling zone, and the cooling zone ventilation mode is used to control the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank for aeration and ventilation; The process of using a moisture probe to monitor the moisture content of the fermentation tank discharge to determine the temperature zone of the fermentation tank, and performing aeration and ventilation according to the corresponding ventilation method of the determined temperature zone is as follows: When the moisture content probe monitors that the moisture content of the fermentation tank output is above 40%, the fermentation tank is set as a high temperature zone, and the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank is controlled to perform aeration and ventilation using the high temperature zone ventilation mode; When the moisture content of the fermentation tank discharge is monitored by the moisture probe to be below 40%, the fermentation tank is set as a cooling zone, and the cooling zone ventilation mode is used to control the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank for aeration and ventilation.

5. The tank composting cycle fermentation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aeration and ventilation control of the intermittent aeration equipment also includes: The first fermentation tank with a discharge temperature below 50°C or a discharge moisture content below 40% is determined as a temperature rising zone, and the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank is controlled for aeration and ventilation using a high temperature zone ventilation method.

6. The tank composting cycle fermentation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the aeration and ventilation control of the intermittent aeration equipment, the high temperature zone ventilation mode is: the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank aerates and ventilates for 30 minutes per hour; The ventilation method of the cooling zone is: the aeration fan unit corresponding to the fermentation tank aerates and ventilates for 15 minutes per hour.

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