Combined application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in yield increase of green manure crops

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of green manure crop planting. The invention provides application of combination of ground phosphate rock and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in yield increase of green manure crops. The invention further provides a planting method for increasing the yield of the astragalus sinicus. In the planting process of the astragalus sinicus, the phosphate rock powder and the phosphate solubilizing bacteria are jointly used according to the dosage ratio of (1200-2250) kg: (90-6000) mL. The powdered rock phosphate and the phosphate solubilizing bacteria are jointly used for planting the astragalus sinicus, the fresh grass amount of the astragalus sinicus can be further increased, and the method has important scientific significance for improving the utilization efficiency of phosphorus resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of green manure crop planting, and in particular to the application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in increasing the yield of green manure crops. Background Art

[0002] Green manure is the essence of traditional agriculture in my country and an important part of ecological agriculture. It is a high-quality and clean source of organic fertilizer. Planting and using green manure crops can increase crop yields, fertilize the soil, and improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. It is an important green technical means to ensure that "farmland must be good land" and sustainable agricultural development. Ensuring the fresh grass volume of green manure crops is the basis for giving full play to their advantages in fertilizing the soil.

[0003] The application of phosphate fertilizer can increase the yield of green manure crops, but phosphorus is a non-renewable resource. Currently, phosphate fertilizer is over-applied, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer is low, the production and ecological environment costs are high, and in the long run it will affect the yield increase effect of green manure crops. Therefore, it is very necessary to obtain a sustainable and green development method to increase the yield of green manure crops. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in increasing the yield of green manure crops. By using phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in combination, the fresh grass yield of green manure crops can be further increased, which is also of great scientific significance for improving the utilization efficiency of phosphorus resources.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in increasing the yield of green manure crops.

[0007] Preferably, the usage ratio of the phosphate rock powder and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is (1200-2250) kg: (90-6000) mL.

[0008] Preferably, the green manure crop includes Chinese astragalus.

[0009] The invention provides a method for increasing the yield of Chinese milk vetch, and the phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are used in combination during the Chinese milk vetch planting process.

[0010] Preferably, the combined use comprises first using phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and then using phosphate rock powder, or first using phosphate rock powder and then using phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

[0011] Preferably, when phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are used first and then phosphate rock powder, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are configured into a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent and mixed with astragalus seeds, and the phosphate rock powder is spread after sowing; the dosage ratio of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent to astragalus seeds is (2-4) mL: (0.7-1.3) kg.

[0012] Preferably, when phosphate rock powder is used first and then phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is used, phosphate rock powder is spread after sowing the astragalus seeds, and after the astragalus seeds emerge, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are prepared into a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent and irrigated with water; the dosage of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is 3-6L / hm 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the effective viable bacteria count of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is (2-10)×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0014] Preferably, the sowing rate of the astragalus is 30-40 kg / hm 2 .

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention uses a scientifically proportioned combination of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria for the cultivation of green manure crops, achieving the effect of 1+1>2, better activating the insoluble phosphorus in the soil and phosphate rock powder, and strengthening the ability of green manure crops to activate insoluble phosphorus, promoting the absorption of phosphorus, and thus achieving the effect of increasing the yield of green manure crops. The examples also show that in Hunan Province, the measured value of fresh grass yield of astragalus membranaceus treated with phosphate rock powder + phosphate-solubilizing bacteria increased by 7455kg / hm 2 , an increase of 18.6%; in Anhui Province, the combined use of phosphate rock powder + phosphate-dissolving bacteria to treat astragalus melastoma increased the measured value of fresh grass yield by 4425kg / hm 2 , an increase of 12.9%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The invention provides application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in increasing the yield of green manure crops.

[0018] In the present invention, the usage ratio of the phosphate rock powder and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is preferably (1200-2250) kg:(90-6000) mL, further preferably (1500-2100) kg:(100-5000) mL, and further preferably 1800 kg:(105-4500) mL.

[0019] In the present invention, the green manure crop includes Chinese asparagus.

[0020] In the present invention, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is preferably Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, purchased from Ningxia Wufeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.; the phosphate rock powder is preferably low-grade phosphate rock powder, produced from Shihua Shunli Ore Powder Processing Plant in Gucheng County, Xiangyang, Hubei.

[0021] The invention provides a method for increasing the yield of Chinese milk vetch, and the phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are used in combination during the Chinese milk vetch planting process.

[0022] In the present invention, the combined use includes first using phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and then using phosphate rock powder, or first using phosphate rock powder and then using phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

[0023] In the present invention, when phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are used first and then phosphate rock powder is used, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are configured into a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent, and then the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is used for seed dressing, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is evenly mixed with the milk vetch seeds, and then sowing and spreading phosphate rock powder. The usage ratio of phosphate rock powder to phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the present invention is preferably (1200-2250) kg: (90-120) mL, further preferably (1500-2100) kg: (100-110) mL, and further preferably 1800 kg: 105 mL.

[0024] In the present invention, the preparation method of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent comprises the following steps: inoculating the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria into the LB liquid culture medium and shaking culturing until the logarithmic growth phase, so as to obtain the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent. The components of the LB liquid culture medium in the present invention are 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L NaCl. The temperature of the shaking culture in the present invention is preferably 26-29°C, further preferably 27-28.5°C, and further preferably 28°C; the time of the shaking culture is preferably 22-26h, further preferably 23-25h, and further preferably 24h; the speed of the shaking culture is preferably 130-180r / min, further preferably 140-170r / min, and further preferably 150r / min. The effective viable count of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent in the present invention is preferably (2-10)×10 8 CFU / mL, and more preferably (3-9)×10 8 CFU / mL, and more preferably 5×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0025] In the present invention, the Chinese asparagus seeds are preferably pretreated before seed dressing, and the pretreatment method is soaking in warm water. The temperature of the warm water in the present invention is preferably 22-28°C, more preferably 23-27°C, and more preferably 25°C; the soaking time is preferably 20-26h, more preferably 22-25h, and more preferably 24h.

[0026] In the present invention, the ratio of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent to the astragalus sinensis seeds is preferably (2-4) mL: (0.7-1.3) kg, further preferably (2.5-3.5) mL: (0.8-1.2) kg, and further preferably 3 mL: 1 kg. After the seed dressing is completed in the present invention, the astragalus sinensis seeds are sown, and the sowing rate of the astragalus sinensis is preferably 30-40 kg / hm2 , further preferably 32-38 kg / hm 2 , and further preferably 35kg / hm 2 The sowing time of the Chinese astragalus in the present invention is preferably from mid-September to early November. After sowing, phosphate rock powder is applied in the present invention, and the application amount of the phosphate rock powder is preferably 1200-2250 kg / hm 2 , further preferably 1500-2100kg / hm 2 , and further preferably 1800kg / hm 2 .

[0027] In the present invention, when phosphate rock powder is used first and then phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is used, phosphate rock powder is spread after sowing the astragalus seeds, and after the astragalus seeds emerge, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are configured into a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent and irrigated with water. The usage ratio of phosphate rock powder to phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the present invention is preferably (1200-2250) kg: (3000-6000) mL, further preferably (1500-2100) kg: (4000-5000) mL, and further preferably 1800 kg: 4500 mL.

[0028] In the present invention, after the Chinese milk vetch seeds are subjected to the same pretreatment as above, the same sowing method is adopted, the same phosphate rock powder is spread, and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are configured into a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent by the same method. In the present invention, after the Chinese milk vetch seeds emerge, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is irrigated in the field with water, and the dosage of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is preferably 3-6 L / hm 2 , further preferably 3.75-5.25L / hm 2 , and further preferably 4.5 L / hm 2 The irrigation volume is preferably 450-600m 3 / hm 2 , further preferably 480-570m 3 / hm 2 , further preferably 525m 3 / hm 2 ; The irrigation frequency is preferably once.

[0029] In the present invention, after the Chinese milk vetch is sown, a ditch can be preferably dug, the ditch is preferably in the shape of a "cross", the width of the ditch is preferably 18-23 cm, further preferably 19-22 cm, further preferably 20 cm; the depth of the ditch is preferably 18-23 cm, further preferably 19-22 cm, further preferably 20 cm. The ditch in the present invention is conducive to field drainage and prevents the Chinese milk vetch from being flooded.

[0030] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A planting method for increasing the yield of Chinese Astragalus:

[0033] (1) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were inoculated into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L NaCl), and cultured at 28°C and 150 r / min for 24 h until the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration was adjusted to obtain an effective viable count of 5 × 10 8 CFU / mL of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent;

[0034] (2) From mid-September to early November, the astragalus seeds were soaked in warm water at 25°C for 24 h. After being taken out, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent was mixed with the astragalus seeds at a ratio of 3 mL:1 kg, and then the seeds were mixed at a ratio of 35 kg / hm2. 2 Sowing at the sowing rate;

[0035] (3) Dig a cross-shaped ditch with a width of 20 cm and a depth of 20 cm, and then 2 Apply phosphate rock powder at a dosage of 525m 3 / hm 2 Dosage for one irrigation.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A planting method for increasing the yield of Chinese Astragalus:

[0038] (1) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were inoculated into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L NaCl) and cultured at 28°C and 130 r / min for 26 h until the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration was adjusted to obtain an effective viable count of 10 × 10 8 CFU / mL of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent;

[0039] (2) From mid-September to early November, the astragalus seeds were soaked in warm water at 22°C for 20 h. After being taken out, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent was mixed with the astragalus seeds at a ratio of 3.5 mL:1 kg, and then the seeds were treated with 30 kg / hm2 of water. 2 Sowing at the sowing rate;

[0040] (3) Dig a cross-shaped ditch with a width of 18 cm and a depth of 23 cm, and then 2 Apply phosphate rock powder at a dosage of 450m3 / hm 2 Dosage for one irrigation.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A planting method for increasing the yield of Chinese Astragalus:

[0043] (1) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were inoculated into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L NaCl), and cultured at 28°C and 150 r / min for 24 h until the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration was adjusted to obtain an effective viable count of 5 × 10 8 CFU / mL of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent;

[0044] (2) From mid-September to early November, soak the astragalus seeds in warm water at 22°C for 24 h. After taking them out, purify them at 35 kg / hm2. 2 The sowing rate was 200 kg / hm2, and a "cross" ditch was dug with a width of 20 cm and a depth of 20 cm. 2 Apply phosphate rock powder in the dosage of

[0045] (3) After the Chinese milk vetch seedlings emerge, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is used for field irrigation with water. The dosage of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is 4.5 L / hm 2 , the irrigation volume is 525m 3 / hm 2 , carry out irrigation once.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] A planting method for increasing the yield of Chinese Astragalus:

[0048] (1) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were inoculated into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L NaCl) and cultured at 28°C and 180 r / min for 22 h until the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration was adjusted to obtain an effective viable count of 2 × 10 8 CFU / mL of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent;

[0049] (2) From mid-September to early November, soak the astragalus seeds in warm water at 25°C for 26 h. After taking them out, 40 kg / hm2 was used to 2 The sowing rate was 2250kg / hm2, and a "cross" ditch was dug with a width of 23cm and a depth of 18cm. 2 Apply phosphate rock powder in the dosage of

[0050] (3) After the emergence of Astragalus sinensis, the phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent was used for field irrigation with water. The dosage of the calcium-acetic acid Acinetobacter agent was 3 L / hm 2 , irrigation volume is 600m 3 / hm 2 , carry out irrigation once.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] A planting method for increasing the yield of Chinese Astragalus:

[0053] (1) Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were inoculated into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L NaCl) and cultured at 28°C and 140 r / min for 25 h until the logarithmic growth phase. The concentration was adjusted to obtain an effective viable count of 3 × 10 8 CFU / mL of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent;

[0054] (2) From mid-September to early November, soak the astragalus seeds in warm water at 28°C for 20 h. After taking them out, purify them at 32 kg / hm2. 2 The sowing rate was 2200 kg / hm2, and a "cross" ditch was dug with a width of 22 cm and a depth of 20 cm. 2 Apply phosphate rock powder in the dosage of

[0055] (3) After the Chinese milk vetch seedlings emerge, the phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent is used for field irrigation with water. The amount of the calcium-acetic acid acinetobacter agent is 6 L / hm2. 2 , the irrigation volume is 525m 3 / hm 2 , carry out irrigation once.

[0056] Test Example 1

[0057] Between mid-September and early November, Chinese astragalus was sown with a seeder in Gaoqiao, Hunan. The seeds of Chinese astragalus were soaked in warm water at 25°C for 24 hours before sowing, and the effective viable bacteria count was 5×10 8 CFU / mL calcium acetate acinetobacter inoculant was mixed with astragalus sinensis seeds at a ratio of 3mL:1kg for seed dressing treatment, and the sowing rate was 37.5kg / hm 2 ; Then dig a "cross" ditch with a width of 20cm and a depth of 20cm, and then 2 Spread phosphate rock powder in the field at 525m 3 / hm 2Preparation of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus inoculant: inoculate Acinetobacter calcoaceticus into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L NaCl), shake culture at 28°C and 150 r / min for 24 h until the logarithmic growth phase, and adjust the concentration to an effective viable count of 5×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0058] The above treatments were used as the experimental group, and a group treated with only phosphate rock powder, a group treated with only calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum, and a blank group were set up at the same time. The group treated with only phosphate rock powder was the same as the experimental group, except that no calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum was prepared and no seed dressing treatment was performed with Astragalus sinensis seeds; the group treated with only calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum was the same as the experimental group, except that no "1800 kg / hm 2 The blank group was the same as the experimental group, except that the calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum was not prepared, the Chinese milk vetch seeds were not mixed with the inoculum, and the "1800 kg / hm2 2 The treatment is to spread phosphate rock powder in the field.

[0059] After the astragalus in the above treatment groups grew to the full flowering stage, 1m 2 The fresh grass yield was measured, and each treatment group was measured three times. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Fresh grass yield of Astragalus melongena in different treatment groups

[0061]

[0062] Contribution amount = fresh grass yield of each treatment group - fresh grass yield of blank group

[0063] According to Table 1, in Hunan, the fresh grass yield of Astragalus membranaceus treated with phosphate rock powder or Acinetobacter calcoaceticus alone increased significantly by 6030 kg / hm2 compared with the blank group. 2 and 8175kg / hm 2 , with an increase of 23.3% and 31.6%. It was also measured that the fresh grass yield of astragalus in the test group of combined application of phosphate rock powder + calcium acetate acinetobacter was 47505kg / hm 2 , which is significantly higher than the theoretical value of 400-50 kg / hm2 of combined application of phosphate rock powder + calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum 2 (Blank group fresh grass yield + contribution of only phosphate rock treatment group + contribution of only calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum treatment group), the measured value increased by 7455kg / hm 2 , an increase of 18.6%. This also shows that the combined application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria has achieved a synergistic effect.

[0064] Test Example 2

[0065] Between mid-September and early November, Chinese astragalus was sown in Chizhou, Anhui Province using a seeder. The seeds of Chinese astragalus were soaked in warm water at 25°C for 24 hours before sowing, and the effective viable bacteria count was 5×10 8 CFU / mL calcium acetate acinetobacter inoculant was mixed with astragalus sinensis seeds at a ratio of 3mL:1kg for seed dressing treatment, and the sowing rate was 37.5kg / hm 2 ; Then dig a "cross" ditch with a width of 20cm and a depth of 20cm, and then 2 Spread phosphate rock powder in the field at 525m 3 / hm 2 Preparation of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus inoculant: inoculate Acinetobacter calcoaceticus into LB liquid medium (composed of 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract and 10 g / L NaCl), shake culture at 28°C and 150 r / min for 24 h until the logarithmic growth phase, and adjust the concentration to an effective viable count of 5×10 8 CFU / mL.

[0066] The above treatments were used as the experimental group, and a group treated with only phosphate rock powder, a group treated with only calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum, and a blank group were set up at the same time. The group treated with only phosphate rock powder was the same as the experimental group, except that no calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum was prepared and no seed dressing treatment was performed with Astragalus sinensis seeds; the group treated with only calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum was the same as the experimental group, except that no "1800 kg / hm 2 The blank group was the same as the experimental group, except that the calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum was not prepared, the Chinese milk vetch seeds were not mixed with the inoculum, and the "1800 kg / hm2 2 The treatment is to spread phosphate rock powder in the field.

[0067] After the astragalus in the above treatment groups grew to the full flowering stage, 1m 2 The fresh grass yield was measured, and each treatment group was measured three times. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Table 2 Fresh grass yield of Astragalus melongena in different treatment groups

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Contribution amount = fresh grass yield of each treatment group - fresh grass yield of blank group

[0072] According to Table 2, in Anhui Province, compared with the blank group, the fresh grass yield of Astragalus membranaceus treated with phosphate rock powder or Acinetobacter calcoaceticus alone increased significantly by 6315 kg / hm 2 and 5160kg / hm 2 , with an increase of 27.7% and 22.6%. It was also measured that the fresh grass yield of astragalus in the test group of combined application of phosphate rock powder + calcium acetate acinetobacter was 38685kg / hm 2 , which is significantly higher than the theoretical value of 34260kg / hm2 of the combined application of phosphate rock powder + calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum 2 (Blank group fresh grass yield + only phosphate rock treatment group contribution + only calcium acetate Acinetobacter inoculum treatment group contribution), the measured value increased by 4425kg / hm 2 , an increase of 12.9%. This also shows that the combined application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria has achieved a synergistic effect.

[0073] In summary, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention can further increase the fresh grass yield of astragalus by jointly using phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

[0074] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in increasing the yield of green manure crops is characterized in that: The dosage ratio of the phosphate rock powder and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is (1200-2250) kg: (90-6000) mL.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The green manure crops include astragalus.

3. A method for increasing the yield of Astragalus membranaceus, characterized in that: The phosphate rock powder and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria described in claim 1 are used in combination during the cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus.

4. The planting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The combined use method includes first using phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and then using phosphate rock powder, or first using phosphate rock powder and then using phosphate-solubilizing bacteria.

5. The planting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are used first and then phosphate rock powder is used, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are prepared into a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent and mixed with the astragalus seeds, and the phosphate rock powder is spread after sowing; The dosage ratio of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent to the astragalus seed is (2-4) mL: (0.7-1.3) kg.

6. The planting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When phosphate rock powder is used first and then phosphate-dissolving bacteria, phosphate rock powder is spread after sowing the milk vetch seeds, and after the milk vetch seeds emerge, the phosphate-dissolving bacteria are prepared into a phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent and irrigated with water; The dosage of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is 3-6 L / hm 2 .

7. The planting method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The effective viable bacteria count of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent is (2-10)×10 8 CFU / mL.

8. The planting method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The sowing rate of the Chinese astragalus is 30-40kg / hm 2 .

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