Aromatic nanometer material based on biomass waste as well as preparation method and application of aromatic nanometer material

Abstract

The invention relates to an aromatic nano material based on biomass waste as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating the biomass waste to obtain biomass waste particles; the biomass waste particles obtained in the step S1 are dissolved and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion, and dispersion liquid is obtained; performing microwave treatment on the dispersion liquid obtained in the step S2 to obtain a reactant; resuspending the reactant obtained in the step S3 in deionized water to obtain a reaction solution; and S4, filtering, centrifuging, dialyzing and freeze-drying the reaction liquid obtained in the step S4 to obtain the aromatic nano material. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to implement, waste is adopted as a base material, maximum utilization of resources is realized, large-scale batch preparation is easy, and the aromatic material with the nanoscale size can be prepared. The nano-material has the advantages of higher oxidation resistance, more obvious aroma characteristic and obvious blue fluorescence, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass waste resource utilization and nano material, and in particular to an aromatic nano material based on biomass waste and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing abundance of biomass resources in my country, various types of biomass waste, such as agricultural residues, forestry waste, livestock and poultry manure, urban domestic waste, organic wastewater and waste residue, have become important resources that need to be efficiently utilized. Although my country has made remarkable achievements in the field of biomass waste conversion technology, it still faces key technical challenges such as improving conversion efficiency and reducing costs. In this context, exploring innovative ways to utilize biomass will not only help solve the problem of waste disposal, but also promote the recycling and sustainable development of resources.

[0003] The aroma substances of natural plant extracts are derived from nature, contain no or less chemical additives and synthetic substances, and are relatively safer to use. Many natural plant extracts not only have unique aromas, but are also rich in antioxidants, antibacterial substances, nutrients, etc. These ingredients can provide additional health benefits to the human body while providing aroma. The production process of natural plant extracts is relatively environmentally friendly, reducing the pollution and waste that may be generated in the chemical synthesis process, which is in line with modern people's pursuit of environmental protection and sustainable development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aromatic nanomaterial based on biomass waste and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problem of waste disposal and realize resource recycling.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, pre-treating biomass waste to obtain biomass waste particles;

[0008] S2, dissolving and ultrasonically dispersing the biomass waste particles obtained in step S1 to obtain a dispersion;

[0009] S3, microwave treatment of the dispersion obtained in step S2 to obtain a reactant;

[0010] S4, resuspending the reactant obtained in step S3 in deionized water to obtain a reaction solution;

[0011] S5, filtering, centrifuging, dialyzing, and freeze-drying the reaction solution obtained in step S4 to obtain the aromatic nanomaterial.

[0012] Preferably, the biomass waste is selected from any one or two of tobacco waste, platycodon grandiflorum and waste coffee grounds.

[0013] Preferably, when the biomass waste is waste tobacco leaves and platycodon grandiflorum, the pretreatment includes washing with deionized water and then drying, crushing with a grinder and then sieving; when the biomass waste is waste coffee grounds, the pretreatment includes grinding with a mortar and then placing in a forced air drying oven for 24-48 hours.

[0014] More preferably, the drying temperature is 40°C to 80°C.

[0015] Preferably, the average particle size of the biomass waste particles is 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the solvent in the dispersion is deionized water, the mass ratio of the biomass waste particles to the deionized water is 1:10, and the duration of the ultrasonic dispersion is 10-15 min.

[0017] Preferably, the microwave treatment time is 3 to 5 minutes, and the power is 750 to 950W.

[0018] Preferably, the volume of deionized water used to resuspend the reactants in deionized water is 8 to 12 mL.

[0019] Preferably, the pore size of the filter membrane used for filtering the reaction liquid is 0.22 μm; the centrifugal speed is 10000-15000 rpm, the centrifugal time is 8-15 min, and the number of centrifugation is 2-3 times; the cutoff molecular weight of the dialysis bag used for dialysis is 1000 Da, and the dialysis time is 24-32 h; the freeze-drying time is 24-48 h.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a biomass waste aromatic nanomaterial prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, wherein the biomass waste aromatic nanomaterial is a nearly spherical particle, and the average particle size of the nearly spherical particle is 1.69±0.25 nm.

[0021] The aromatic nano material of the present invention is a nano material with a more significant aroma characteristic.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an application of the biomass waste aromatic nanomaterial prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, including application in scavenging free radicals, application in improving aroma and application in fluorescence imaging.

[0023] In order to respond to market demand and break through the technical bottleneck of biomass waste utilization, the present invention provides a method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials from biomass waste. The method aims to efficiently transform biomass waste into aromatic nanomaterials with high added value through scientific means, which not only solves the problem of waste disposal, but also maximizes the utilization of resources. At the same time, the prepared aromatic nanomaterials, which combine the aroma and health elements of natural plant extracts, are expected to become a new type of environmentally friendly and healthy material that is popular in the market, and further promote the green development of the biomass economy.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention utilizes low-cost and easily available biomass waste to prepare aromatic nanomaterials, thereby solving the problem of waste disposal, achieving maximum utilization of resources, and reducing pollution and waste generation during chemical synthesis.

[0026] (2) The aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the present invention have good antioxidant properties and good scavenging ability for DPPH, ABTS, and PTIO free radicals.

[0027] (3) The aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the present invention have more significant aroma characteristics, integrating the aroma of natural plant extracts with health elements, and are expected to become a new type of environmentally friendly and healthy material that is popular in the market, further promoting the green development of the biomass economy.

[0028] (4) The aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the present invention can improve the aroma of cigarettes while removing free radicals, and can reduce the harm caused by smoking to a large extent.

[0029] (5) The aromatic nanomaterial prepared by the present invention has good blue fluorescence performance, long time stability and wide pH stability, and can be used for fluorescence imaging.

[0030] (6) The aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the present invention can be used in the fields of textiles, leather, papermaking, cosmetics, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The transmission electron microscope images and particle size statistics of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention (A and B in the figure are waste coffee grounds; C and D are waste cigarette rods);

[0032] Figure 2 The fluorescence spectra of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste tobacco straw; B is waste coffee grounds);

[0033] Figure 3The fluorescence stability (time) spectra of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste tobacco straw; B is waste coffee grounds);

[0034] Figure 4 The fluorescence stability (pH) spectra of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste tobacco straw; B is waste coffee grounds);

[0035] Figure 5 The UV spectra of DPPH free radical scavenging ability of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste coffee grounds; B is waste tobacco straw);

[0036] Figure 6 The UV spectra of the ABTS free radical scavenging ability of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste coffee grounds; B is waste tobacco straw);

[0037] Figure 7 The UV spectra of the PTIO free radical scavenging ability of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste coffee grounds; B is waste tobacco straw);

[0038] Figure 8 The antioxidant activity diagram of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste tobacco straw; B is waste coffee grounds);

[0039] Fig. 9 This is an aroma radar comparison diagram of coffee grounds waste and tobacco straw waste in Example 1-2 of the present invention (A in the figure is an aroma radar comparison diagram of coffee grounds waste and coffee grounds aromatic nanomaterials; B is an aroma radar comparison diagram of tobacco straw waste and tobacco straw aromatic nanomaterials);

[0040] Fig.10 This is a comparison diagram of aroma substances of coffee grounds waste and tobacco straw waste in Example 1-2 of the present invention (A in the figure is a comparison diagram of aroma substances of coffee grounds waste and coffee grounds aromatic nanomaterials; B is a comparison diagram of aroma substances of tobacco straw waste and tobacco straw aromatic nanomaterials);

[0041] Fig.11 The figure is a diagram showing the removal effect of ·OH in smoke by Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention (A in the figure is waste tobacco straw; B is waste coffee grounds);

[0042] Fig.12 The O2 in smoke in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention - The cleaning effect diagram (A in the figure is waste tobacco straw; B is waste coffee grounds). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, instruments and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods, instruments and equipment in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0045] The present invention provides a method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1, pre-treating the biomass waste to obtain biomass waste particles: when the biomass waste is tobacco waste platycodon, the tobacco waste platycodon is washed with deionized water and then dried, crushed with a grinder and then sieved; when the biomass waste is waste coffee grounds, the waste coffee grounds are ground with a mortar and then placed in a blast drying oven for 24-48 hours.

[0047] S2, dissolving the biomass waste particles obtained in step S1 in deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:10 and ultrasonically dispersing for 10-15 minutes to obtain a dispersion;

[0048] S3, microwave treatment of the dispersion obtained in step S2 to obtain a reactant: the microwave treatment time is 3 to 5 minutes, and the power is 750 to 950 W;

[0049] S4, resuspending the reactant obtained in step S3 in 8-12 mL of deionized water to obtain a reaction solution;

[0050] S5, filtering, centrifuging, dialyzing, and freeze-drying the reaction solution obtained in step S4 to obtain the aromatic nanomaterial: the pore size of the filter membrane used for filtering the reaction solution is 0.22μm; the centrifugal speed is 10000-15000rpm, the centrifugal time is 8-15min, and the number of centrifugation is 2-3 times; the cutoff molecular weight of the dialysis bag used for dialysis is 1000Da, and the dialysis time is 24-32h; the freeze-drying time is 24-48h.

[0051] Example 1: Preparation of aromatic nanomaterials based on tobacco waste straw

[0052] The tobacco waste straw was washed with deionized water and dried, crushed with a pulverizer and sieved to obtain biomass waste particles. Weigh 1g of the above-mentioned pre-treated biomass waste particles, add 10mL of deionized water, transfer to an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic dispersion for 10min to form a uniform dispersion. Transfer to a household microwave with a power of 850w for 4min. After the reaction is completed, the reactant is resuspended in 10mL of deionized water. Subsequently, the reaction solution is filtered, centrifuged, dialyzed, and freeze-dried to obtain aromatic nanomaterials. The filter membrane used for filtration has a specification of 0.22μm; the centrifugal speed is 13000rpm, the time is 10min and the operation is repeated three times; the dialysis bag used for dialysis has a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and the dialysis time is 24h; the freeze-drying time is 24h.

[0053] Example 2: Preparation of aromatic nanomaterials based on waste coffee grounds

[0054] The coffee grounds from the local coffee shop were ground with a mortar and placed in a blast drying oven for 24 hours to obtain biomass waste particles. Weigh 1g of the above-mentioned pre-treated biomass waste particles, add 10mL of deionized water, transfer to an ultrasonic cleaner for ultrasonic dispersion for 10 minutes to form a uniform dispersion. Transfer to a household microwave with a power of 850w for 4 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the reactant is resuspended in 10mL of deionized water. Subsequently, the reaction solution is filtered, centrifuged, dialyzed, and freeze-dried to obtain aromatic nanomaterials. The filter membrane used for filtration has a specification of 0.22μm; the centrifugal speed is 13000rpm, the time is 10min and the operation is repeated three times; the dialysis bag used for dialysis has a molecular weight cutoff of 1000Da, and the dialysis time is 24h; the freeze-drying time is 24h.

[0055] The aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Figure 1 As shown, its morphology is monodispersed nearly spherical particles with good dispersion and an average particle size of 1.69±0.25nm.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The fluorescence excitation and emission of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 were investigated. Figure 2 As shown, the optimal excitation wavelengths corresponding to the two aromatic nanomaterials are 410nm (waste tobacco straw) and 360nm (waste coffee grounds), and the optimal emission wavelengths are 510nm (waste tobacco straw) and 463nm (waste coffee grounds).

[0058] The fluorescence emission intensities of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 were investigated at different days. Figure 3As shown, under room temperature conditions, the fluorescence emission intensity of the two waste aromatic nanomaterials did not change significantly within 7 days, indicating that they both have relatively stable properties.

[0059] The fluorescence emission intensity of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 was investigated between pH = 5.5-7.5. Figure 4 As shown, the results show that both of the prepared waste aromatic nanomaterials have a wide pH stability.

[0060] Example 4: Scavenging ability of aromatic nanomaterials on DPPH, ABTS, and PTIO free radicals

[0061] 1. Prepare 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) with a concentration of 0.2 mM, disperse the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 in deionized water, respectively, and disperse them by ultrasonic dispersion to form dispersions of different concentrations. Mix the prepared DPPH with aromatic nanomaterial sample solutions of different concentrations, incubate in dark for 30 minutes, transfer to a cuvette, and measure the absorbance at 517 nm.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, after adding the waste aromatic nanomaterials, the absorption peak at 517nm showed a significant downward trend, indicating a significant scavenging ability for DPPH free radicals.

[0063] 2. Prepare 7mM 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 2.45mM potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) solution; prepare phosphate buffer solution (PBS, 10mM, pH=7.4). Mix the ABTS solution and K2S2O8 solution and place them in the dark for 24 hours as a stock solution. Disperse the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 in deionized water, and disperse them ultrasonically to form dispersions of different concentrations. Mix the above stock solutions with aromatic nanomaterial sample solutions of different concentrations, incubate in the dark for 30 minutes, and then transfer to a cuvette to measure the absorbance at 734nm.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, after adding the waste aromatic nanomaterials, the absorption peak at 734nm showed a significant downward trend, indicating a significant scavenging ability for ABTS free radicals.

[0065] 3. Prepare 3-oxo-2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxide (PTIO) at a concentration of 0.3 mg / mL and prepare phosphate buffer solution (PBS, 50 mM, pH = 7.4). Disperse the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 in deionized water, and disperse them by ultrasonic dispersion to form dispersions of different concentrations. Mix the prepared PTIO with aromatic nanomaterial sample solutions of different concentrations, incubate in dark for 120 minutes, and then transfer to a cuvette to measure the absorbance at 557 nm.

[0066] like Figure 7 As shown, after adding the waste aromatic nanomaterials, the absorption peak at 557nm showed a significant downward trend, indicating a significant scavenging ability for PTIO free radicals.

[0067] like Figure 8 As shown, the scavenging ability of the two waste aromatic nanomaterials on the three free radicals of DPPH, ABTS and PTIO changes with different concentrations, which can be regarded as the total antioxidant capacity, indicating that the antioxidant capacity of the nanomaterials is positively correlated with their concentration.

[0068] Example 5: Aromatic nanomaterials remove ·OH, ·O2 from smoke - Effect

[0069] 1. Effect of aromatic nanomaterials in removing OH from smoke

[0070] Prepare phosphate buffer solution (PBS, 0.2M, pH=7) and 0.15mM methylene blue (MB) and mix them thoroughly. Weigh 150mg of the aromatic nanomaterial samples prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 and load them into cigarettes. Insert the cigarette loaded with aromatic nanomaterial samples into a commercially available water pipe and light it. Load the pipe with the mixed solution of methylene blue and phosphate buffer, and let the cigarette smoke pass through the solution. Transfer the solution to a cuvette and test its absorbance at 660nm.

[0071] like Fig.11 As shown, compared with the absorbance of cigarette smoke without aromatic nanomaterial samples, the absorbance of cigarette smoke loaded with two kinds of aromatic nanomaterial samples at 660nm is significantly increased, indicating that the aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the present invention can effectively remove ·OH in smoke.

[0072] 2. Aromatic nanomaterials remove O2 from smoke - Effect

[0073] Prepare 4mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 0.03mM nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT), and 6mM phosphate buffer solution at pH=7.8, and mix them thoroughly. Weigh 150mg of the aromatic nanomaterial samples prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 and load them into cigarettes. Insert the sample cigarette loaded with aromatic nanomaterials into a commercial water pipe and light it, so that the cigarette smoke passes through the solution. Transfer the solution to a cuvette and test its absorbance at 560nm.

[0074] like Fig.12 As shown, compared with the absorbance of cigarette smoke without aromatic nanomaterial samples, the cigarette smoke loaded with two aromatic nanomaterial samples has no obvious absorbance at 560nm, indicating that the aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the present invention can effectively remove free radicals in the smoke.

[0075] Example 6: Analysis of aroma components of aromatic nanomaterials

[0076] The pre-treated coffee ground waste particles and tobacco straw waste particles were placed in deionized water for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes and transferred to the headspace bottle. The headspace bottle was placed in a 60°C oil bath and adsorbed with a solid phase microextraction head for 30 minutes. After the adsorption was completed, the fiber head was removed from the sample and inserted into the injection port of the gas chromatograph for desorption. Subsequently, the desorbed aroma substances were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and sensory evaluation was performed.

[0077] The two kinds of waste aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 were placed in deionized water and transferred into a headspace bottle. The headspace bottle was placed in a 60°C oil bath and adsorbed for 30 minutes using a solid phase microextraction head. After the adsorption was completed, the fiber head was removed from the sample and inserted into the injection port of a gas chromatograph for desorption. Subsequently, the desorbed aroma substances were analyzed and identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS).

[0078] like Fig.10 As shown, compared with tobacco waste straw waste, the relative content of nicotine in the aromatic nanomaterial prepared from tobacco waste straw is significantly reduced. Compared with coffee grounds waste, the relative content of caffeine in the aromatic nanomaterial prepared from coffee grounds is also significantly reduced.

[0079] For coffee grounds waste, the sensory evaluation of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared using coffee grounds waste as raw materials was carried out, and the following results were obtained: Fig. 9Aroma comparison radar chart shown in A. The sensory descriptors evaluated include sweet aroma, green aroma, woody aroma, bitter taste, chemical smell and oily smell. Among them, the sweet aroma substances include geranyl acetone, 3-methoxyacetophenone, α-hexyl cinnamaldehyde, 4-allyl phenol, the green aroma substances include levomenthone, menthone, DL-menthol, limonene, the oily odor substances include benzothiazole, the chemical odor substances include 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 1,2-diphenoxyethane, the bitter taste substances include caffeine, and the woody aroma substances include cedarwood and isolongifolene.

[0080] For tobacco waste straw waste, the sensory evaluation of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared using tobacco waste straw waste as raw materials was carried out, and the following results were obtained: Fig. 9 B shows the aroma comparison radar chart. The sensory descriptors evaluated are sweet aroma, green aroma, chemical odor, oily odor and irritating odor. Among them, the irritating odor substances include nicotine, the sweet aroma substances include 3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl isobutyrate, damascone, 5-methyl furan aldehyde, (+)-hederene, the green aroma substances include cedarwood, menthol, menthone, (+)-limonene, undecane, the oily odor substances include nonanal and cyclododecanol, and the chemical odor substances include 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

[0081] like Fig. 9 The aroma radar comparison chart shown shows that compared with tobacco waste straw waste, the sweet and green aroma of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared with tobacco waste straw waste as raw materials has increased significantly, while the unpleasant irritating odor, grease, and chemical odors have decreased significantly. Compared with coffee grounds waste, the aromatic nanomaterials prepared with coffee grounds as raw materials have increased woody and green aromas, and reduced bitterness (the total content has decreased numerically).

[0082] Example 7: Application of aromatic nanomaterials in fluorescence imaging

[0083] This embodiment provides the application of carbon quantum dots as blue fluorescent dyes in fluorescence imaging. According to the performance test results of the aromatic nanomaterials prepared in Examples 1 and 2 in Example 3, the optimal fluorescence emission peaks are located at 510nm and 463nm, respectively, and have good fluorescence performance (blue fluorescence).

[0084] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, pre-treating biomass waste to obtain biomass waste particles; S2, dissolving and ultrasonically dispersing the biomass waste particles obtained in step S1 to obtain a dispersion; S3, microwave treatment of the dispersion obtained in step S2 to obtain a reactant; S4, resuspending the reactant obtained in step S3 in deionized water to obtain a reaction solution; S5, filtering, centrifuging, dialyzing, and freeze-drying the reaction solution obtained in step S4 to obtain the aromatic nanomaterial.

2. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass waste is selected from any one of tobacco waste, platycodon waste and waste coffee grounds.

3. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the biomass waste is waste tobacco leaves and platycodon grandiflorum, the pretreatment includes washing with deionized water and then drying, crushing with a grinder and then sieving; when the biomass waste is waste coffee grounds, the pretreatment includes grinding with a mortar and then drying in a forced air drying oven for 24-48 hours.

4. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the biomass waste particles is 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm.

5. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent in the dispersion is deionized water, the mass ratio of the biomass waste particles to the deionized water is 1:(8-12), and the duration of the ultrasonic dispersion is 10-15 minutes.

6. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave treatment time is 3 to 5 minutes, and the power is 750 to 950W.

7. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of deionized water used to resuspend the reactants in deionized water is 8 to 12 mL, and the volume ratio of the reactants to deionized water is (1):(0.5 to 2).

8. The method for preparing aromatic nanomaterials based on biomass waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore size of the filter membrane used for filtering the reaction liquid is 0.22 μm; the centrifugal speed is 10000-15000 rpm, the centrifugal time is 8-15 min, and the number of centrifugation is 2-3 times; the cutoff molecular weight of the dialysis bag used for dialysis is 1000 Da, and the dialysis time is 24-32 h; the freeze-drying time is 24-48 h.

9. A biomass waste aromatic nanomaterial prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The biomass waste aromatic nanomaterial is a nearly spherical particle, and the average particle size of the nearly spherical particle is 1.69±0.25 nm.

10. An application of biomass waste aromatic nanomaterials prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Including applications in scavenging free radicals, applications in improving aroma and applications in fluorescence imaging.

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