Laser cladding head integrating powder supply system and variable angle mechanism and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding additive manufacturing, in particular to a laser cladding head integrating a powder supply system and an angle changing mechanism and an operation method. The laser cladding head comprises a laser optical fiber plug, a collimating mirror shell, a 360-degree rotation light transmission mechanism, an internal rotation connecting device, a 30-degree internal rotation light transmission mechanism, a metal spray head, a powder distributor and the powder supply system. By arranging the 360-degree rotation optical transmission mechanism and the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, a complex mechanical arm does not need to be used, 30-degree internal rotation cladding of the cladding head at a specific point position can be completed only through three-axis movement, the mechanical rotation movement amplitude and vibration are reduced, the forming quality is improved, the multiple powder barrels and the cladding head are integrated, and the forming efficiency is improved. Compared with the prior art, the powder discharging distance in the cladding process is fixed, waste of powder and gas is reduced, the powder feeding system and the cladding head can be integrated by intersecting with the previous cladding head design, 360-degree rotation and 30-degree internal rotation of the cladding head can be achieved, and the powder feeding system is suitable for being used and popularized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding additive manufacturing, and in particular to a laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism and an operating method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of process technology, the requirements for the shape complexity of key parts in the manufacturing industry are getting higher and higher. In addition, under harsh working conditions, parts fail due to surface corrosion, fatigue, and wear, resulting in huge waste of resources and high repair and maintenance costs. Laser cladding can achieve high-degree-of-freedom manufacturing, low-cost and efficient surface strengthening and surface modification of workpieces, environmentally friendly, efficient and low-cost repair and reuse of waste parts, and direct molding of complex parts. It is widely used in aerospace, high-end equipment, automobiles, machine tools, medical and other industries, showing broad application prospects.

[0003] In order to cope with the diversified changes in market materials, multi-barrel powder feeding for laser cladding additive manufacturing has gradually become the mainstream. Due to the long distance between the powder feeder and the cladding head, the connecting pipeline of the multi-barrel powder is too long. During the powder feeding process, it is necessary to set a cladding waiting time, resulting in a waste of cladding powder and gas. In addition, the cladding effect during the cladding process is related to the cladding angle and overall vibration to a certain extent. The former increases the cost, and the latter directly affects the molding quality. In order to solve these two problems, attention has been paid to integrating the powder supply system and the cladding head, increasing the stability of the cladding head, and reducing the large-scale vibration and swing of the cladding system. In terms of integrated powder supply equipment and cladding head, in addition to the fixed cladding head to limit the cladding freedom, there are still basically no very effective measures in the existing laser cladding equipment. In the adjustment of laser cladding angle parameters, it still mainly relies on the large-scale swing of the robot arm. If the quality needs to be guaranteed, the freedom of use of the robot arm must be limited, resulting in a waste of the robot arm function. If the angle adjustment is required, it will cause excessive swing amplitude, resulting in uneven powder and gas output, and causing defects such as pores and cracks.

[0004] The integration of the existing powder supply system and the cladding head is still mainly focused on the fixed basis of the cladding head equipment, and is not designed for the variable angle cladding head, which limits the movement of the cladding head. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser cladding head and an operating method integrating a powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism, so as to solve the problem that the integration of the existing powder supply system and the cladding head is still mainly focused on fixing the cladding head equipment, but does not target the design of the variable angle cladding head, thus limiting the movement of the cladding head.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism and an operation method, wherein the laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism comprises a laser fiber plug, a collimator housing, a 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, an internal rotation connection device, a 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, a metal nozzle, a powder separator and a powder supply system, wherein the lower end of the laser fiber plug is plugged into the optical fiber socket of the collimator housing, the collimator housing is threadedly connected to the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism is connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism through the internal rotation connection device, the metal nozzle is threadedly connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, and the powder separator is bonded to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism; The powder supply system is welded to the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, and four powder supply barrel mechanisms are arranged on the powder supply system, each of which is provided with a powder supply outlet, and four powder separation inlets are arranged on the top of the powder separator, and each of the powder supply outlets is connected to the powder separation inlet through a first powder conveying pipe, and four powder separation outlets are also arranged on the bottom of the powder separator, and each of the powder separation outlets is connected to the metal nozzle through a second powder conveying pipe.

[0007] The optical fiber socket is arranged at the top of the collimator housing, the collimator body is arranged inside the collimator housing, the first servo motor is arranged in the motor slot of the collimator housing, and the output end of the first servo motor is arranged with a transmission external gear.

[0008] Wherein, the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism includes a connecting outer shell, an internal gear, a connecting inner shell, a first reflector and an optical path tube, one end of the optical path tube is connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism through the internal rotation connecting device, the first reflector is arranged inside the other end of the optical path tube, the connecting inner shell is arranged on the upper surface of the end of the optical path tube away from the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, the external thread of the connecting inner shell is matched with the internal thread of the bottom of the collimator housing, the internal gear is arranged on the outside of the connecting inner shell, the internal gear connecting end is arranged at the bottom of the internal gear, the connecting outer shell is arranged at the top of the internal gear, the internal gear connecting end is welded to the end of the optical path tube, the internal thread of the connecting outer shell is matched with the external thread of the bottom of the collimator housing, and the transmission external gear is meshed with the internal gear.

[0009] Among them, the 30-degree inward rotation light transmission mechanism includes a telescopic section, a 30-degree inward rotation section, a second reflector, a fixing ring and a focusing mirror. The wedge-shaped end of the telescopic section is bonded to the 30-degree inward rotation section, and the other end of the telescopic section is bonded to an end of the optical path tube away from the collimating mirror housing. The 30-degree inward rotation section is provided with a square shell and a cylindrical shell. The square shell is bonded to the wedge-shaped end of the telescopic section, the cylindrical shell is provided at the bottom of the square shell, the second reflector is provided inside the square shell, and the focusing mirror is installed inside the cylindrical shell. The fixing ring is threadedly connected to the upper half of the cylindrical shell, and the fixing ring is used to position the focusing mirror.

[0010] Wherein, the internal rotation connection device is composed of two linking components, a first connecting nut is provided on both sides of the optical path tube, a second connecting nut is provided on both sides of the square shell, and the linking component is provided between the first connecting nut and the corresponding second connecting nut. Each of the linking components is composed of a fixing screw, a connecting plate and a servo screw. The fixing screw is provided at one end of the connecting plate, and the servo screw is provided at the other end of the connecting plate. The fixing screw is connected to the first connecting nut, and the servo screw is connected to the second connecting nut. A second servo motor is provided at each servo screw.

[0011] Among them, four metal powder inlet pipes are arranged on the metal nozzle, each of which is connected to the corresponding powder separation and powder outlet through a second powder conveying pipe, and the external thread at the top of the metal nozzle is adapted to the internal thread at the bottom of the cylindrical shell.

[0012] Wherein, a connecting block is arranged at the top of the square shell, and a connecting rod is also arranged at the bottom of the powder separator, and the connecting rod is bonded to the connecting block.

[0013] Wherein, the powder supply system includes a powder cartridge clamp and four circular cartridge clamps, a powder cartridge clamp connecting rod is provided at one end of the powder cartridge clamp, and four circular cartridge clamps are provided at the other end of the powder cartridge clamp, the powder cartridge clamp connecting rod is welded to the upper surface of the optical path tube, a spring is provided at the center of the four circular cartridge clamps, the powder supply cartridge mechanism is installed at each of the circular cartridge clamps, each of the powder supply cartridge mechanisms is provided with an external powder replenishing port, an air supply port and an ultrasonic vibration device, and the powder supply outlet is provided at the bottom of each of the powder supply cartridge mechanisms.

[0014] The present invention also provides an operation method of a laser cladding head integrated with a powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism, which is applied to the laser cladding head integrated with a powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism as described above, and comprises the following steps: The first servo motor on the collimator housing rotates, driving the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism to rotate as a whole, thereby achieving a controllable 360-degree rotation; The second servo motor provided at the servo screw in the internal rotation connection device drives the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism to rotate as a whole; The 360-degree rotation of the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism and the 30-degree inward rotation of the 30-degree inward rotation optical transmission mechanism are superimposed to realize 360-degree inward rotation angle processing of the XY plane and 30-degree inward rotation angle processing of the Z axis at any point.

[0015] The present invention discloses a laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism and an operation method, comprising a laser optical fiber plug, a collimator housing, a 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, an internal rotation connecting device, a 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, a metal nozzle, a powder distributor and a powder supply system. By arranging the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism and the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, there is no need to use a complex mechanical arm, and only three-axis movement is required to complete the 30-degree internal rotation cladding of the cladding head at a specific point, thereby reducing the mechanical rotation movement amplitude and vibration, improving the molding quality, and integrating the multi-powder barrel with the cladding head into one by design, fixing the powder discharge distance during the cladding process, reducing the waste of powder and gas, and the technical solution has a simple design structure, is easy to operate, and has a low manufacturing cost. Compared with the previous cladding head design, the present invention can realize the integration of the powder supply system and the cladding head, and can also realize the 360-degree rotation and 30-degree internal rotation of the cladding head, and is suitable for popularization and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the collimator housing provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the internal rotation connection device provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the 30-degree internal rotation light transmission mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the 30-degree internal rotation light transmission mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the metal nozzle provided by the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the powder separator provided by the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the powder supply system provided by the present invention.

[0027] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the powder supply cylinder mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0028] Fig.12 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the powder supply system provided by the present invention.

[0029] Fig.13 It is a flow chart of the steps of the operation method of the laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0030] 101-laser fiber plug, 102-collimator housing, 103-360 degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, 104-internal rotation connection device, 105-30 degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, 106-metal nozzle, 107-powder distributor, 108-powder supply system, 109-optical fiber socket, 110-powder supply tube mechanism, 111-powder supply outlet, 112-powder distribution inlet, 113-first powder delivery pipe, 114-powder distribution outlet, 115-second powder delivery pipe, 116-collimator body, 117-first servo motor, 118-transmission outer gear, 119-connection housing, 120-internal gear, 121-connection inner housing, 122-first reflector, 123 -optical path tube, 124-internal gear connecting end, 125-telescopic section, 126-30 degree inner rotation section, 127-second reflector, 128-fixing ring, 129-focusing lens, 130-square shell, 131-cylindrical shell, 132-first connecting nut, 133-second connecting nut, 134-fixing screw, 135-connecting plate, 136-servo screw, 137-second servo motor, 138-metal powder inlet pipe, 139-connecting block, 140-connecting rod, 141-powder cartridge clamp, 142-round cartridge clamp, 143-powder cartridge clamp connecting rod, 144-spring, 145-external powder replenishing port, 146-air supply port, 147-ultrasonic vibration device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system 108 and an angle-changing mechanism, comprising a laser fiber plug 101, a collimator housing 102, a 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103, an internal rotation connection device 104, a 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105, a metal nozzle 106, a powder separator 107 and a powder supply system 108, wherein the lower end of the laser fiber plug 101 is plugged into the optical fiber socket 109 of the collimator housing 102, the collimator housing 102 is threadedly connected to the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103, the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 is connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105 through the internal rotation connection device 104, the metal nozzle 106 is threadedly connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105, and the powder separator 107 is bonded to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105; The powder supply system 108 is welded to the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103, and four powder supply barrel mechanisms 110 are arranged on the powder supply system 108, and each of the powder supply barrel mechanisms 110 is provided with a powder supply outlet 111. The top of the powder separator 107 is provided with four powder separation inlets 112, and each of the powder supply outlets 111 is connected to the powder separation inlet 112 through a first powder conveying pipe 113. The bottom of the powder separator 107 is also provided with four powder separation outlets 114, and each of the powder separation outlets 114 is connected to the metal nozzle 106 through a second powder conveying pipe 115.

[0033] In this embodiment, by providing the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 and the 30-degree inward rotating optical transmission mechanism 105, there is no need to use a complex robotic arm, and only three-axis movement is required to complete the 30-degree inward rotating cladding of the cladding head at a specific point, thereby reducing the mechanical rotation movement amplitude and vibration, improving the molding quality, and integrating the multi-powder barrel with the cladding head through design, fixing the powder discharge distance during the cladding process, reducing the waste of powder and gas, and the technical solution has a simple design structure, is easy to operate, and has a low manufacturing cost. Compared with the previous cladding head design, it can realize the integration of the powder supply system 108 and the cladding head, and can also realize the 360-degree rotation and 30-degree inward rotation of the cladding head, which is suitable for popularization and use.

[0034] Furthermore, the top of the collimator housing 102 is provided with the optical fiber socket 109, the interior of the collimator housing 102 is provided with a collimator body 116, the motor slot of the collimator housing 102 is provided with a first servo motor 117, the output end of the first servo motor 117 is provided with a transmission outer gear 118, the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 includes a connecting housing 119, an inner gear 120, a connecting inner housing 121, a first reflector 122 and an optical path tube 123, one end of the optical path tube 123 is connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105 through the internal rotation connection device 104, and the interior of the other end of the optical path tube 123 is provided with the first reflector 122. 2. The upper surface of the end of the optical path tube 123 away from the 30-degree internal rotation light transmission mechanism 105 is provided with the connecting inner shell 121, and the external thread of the connecting inner shell 121 is matched with the internal thread of the bottom of the collimator housing 102. The external part of the connecting inner shell 121 is provided with the internal gear 120, and the bottom of the internal gear 120 is provided with an internal gear connecting end 124. The top of the internal gear 120 is provided with the connecting outer shell 119, and the internal gear connecting end 124 is welded to the end of the optical path tube 123. The internal thread of the connecting outer shell 119 is matched with the external thread of the bottom of the collimator housing 102, and the transmission external gear 118 is meshed with the internal gear 120.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first servo motor 117 is started to drive the transmission outer gear 118 to rotate. Since the transmission outer gear 118 is meshed with the internal gear 120, the optical path tube 123 can be driven to rotate at the bottom of the collimator housing 102, thereby realizing a 360-degree rotation of the entire powder supply system 108.

[0036] Furthermore, the 30-degree inward rotation light transmission mechanism 105 includes a telescopic section 125, a 30-degree inward rotation section 126, a second reflector 127, a fixing ring 128 and a focusing mirror 129, the wedge-shaped end of the telescopic section 125 is bonded to the 30-degree inward rotation section 126, the other end of the telescopic section 125 is bonded to an end of the optical path tube 123 away from the collimating lens housing 102, a square shell 130 and a cylindrical shell 131 are provided on the 30-degree inward rotation section 126, the square shell 130 is bonded to the wedge-shaped end of the telescopic section 125, the cylindrical shell 131 is provided at the bottom of the square shell 130, the second reflector 127 is provided inside the square shell 130, the focusing mirror 129 is installed inside the cylindrical shell 131, the fixing ring 128 is threadedly connected to the upper half of the cylindrical shell 131, and the The fixing ring 128 is used to position the focusing mirror 129. The inner rotation connection device 104 is composed of two linking components. A first connecting nut 132 is provided on both sides of the optical path tube 123, and a second connecting nut 133 is provided on both sides of the square shell 130. The linking components are provided between the first connecting nut 132 and the corresponding second connecting nut 133. Each of the linking components is composed of a fixing screw 134, a connecting piece 135 and a servo screw 136. The fixing screw 134 is provided at one end of the connecting piece 135, and the servo screw 136 is provided at the other end of the connecting piece 135. The fixing screw 134 is connected to the first connecting nut 132, and the servo screw 136 is connected to the second connecting nut 133. A second servo motor 137 is provided at each servo screw 136.

[0037] In this embodiment, since a second servo motor 137 is provided at the servo screw 136, starting the second servo motor 137 can drive the square shell 130 to rotate at the end of the telescopic section 125, thereby realizing the inward rotation of the metal nozzle 106. The rotation angle of the second servo motor 137 is designed to be within 30 degrees.

[0038] Furthermore, four metal powder inlet pipes 138 are provided on the metal nozzle 106 , each of which is connected to the corresponding powder separation and outlet port 114 through the second powder conveying pipe 115 , and the external thread at the top of the metal nozzle 106 is adapted to the internal thread at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 131 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the installation of the metal nozzle 106 is completed by setting the external thread at the top of the metal nozzle 106 and the internal thread at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 131, and the connection between the powder separation and powder outlet 114 and the metal nozzle 106 is completed by setting the four metal powder inlet pipes 138.

[0040] Furthermore, a connecting block 139 is disposed at the top of the square shell 130 , and a connecting rod 140 is also disposed at the bottom of the powder distributor 107 , and the connecting rod 140 is bonded to the connecting block 139 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the powder distributor 107 and the square housing 130 are connected and fixed by the arrangement of the connection block 139 and the connection rod 140 .

[0042] Furthermore, the powder supply system 108 includes a powder cartridge clamp 141 and four circular cartridge clamps 142, one end of the powder cartridge clamp 141 is provided with a powder cartridge clamp connecting rod 143, the other end of the powder cartridge clamp 141 is provided with four circular cartridge clamps 142, the powder cartridge clamp connecting rod 143 is welded to the upper surface of the optical path tube 123, a spring 144 is provided at the center of the four circular cartridge clamps 142, each of the circular cartridge clamps 142 is installed with the powder supply cartridge mechanism 110, each of the powder supply cartridge mechanisms 110 is provided with an external powder replenishing port 145, an air supply port 146 and an ultrasonic vibration device 147, and the bottom of each of the powder supply cartridge mechanisms 110 is provided with the powder supply outlet 111.

[0043] In this embodiment, the installation of the powder cartridge clamp 141 is completed by the setting of the powder cartridge clamp connecting rod 143. When installing the powder cartridge clamp connecting rod 143, it is necessary to make the center of the powder cartridge clamp 141, the powder dividing cylinder and the metal nozzle 106 coaxial. The installation of the powder supply cartridge mechanism 110 is completed by the setting of the circular cartridge clamp 142. The vibration can be blocked by the setting of the spring 144. The uninterrupted supply of powder is guaranteed by the setting of the external powder replenishing port 145. The timed air supply is facilitated by the setting of the air supply port 146. The irregular powder in the powder supply cartridge mechanism 110 can be broken by the setting of the ultrasonic vibration device 147, so that the powder supply system 108 is not blocked.

[0044] See also Fig.13 The present invention also provides an operation method of a laser cladding head integrated with a powder supply system 108 and a variable angle mechanism, which is applied to the laser cladding head integrated with a powder supply system 108 and a variable angle mechanism as described above, and comprises the following steps: S1: The first servo motor 117 on the collimator housing 102 rotates, driving the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 to rotate as a whole, thereby achieving a controllable 360-degree rotation; S2: The second servo motor 137 provided at the servo screw 136 in the internal rotation connection device 104 drives the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105 to rotate as a whole; The rotation angle of the second servo motor 137 is designed to be The conditions to be met include: the transmission section length L of the optical path tube 123 (see Appendix Figure 4 ) is greater than the diameter of the collimating lens body 116 times; S3: The 360-degree rotation of the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 and the 30-degree inward rotation of the 30-degree inward rotation optical transmission mechanism 105 are superimposed to realize 360-degree inward rotation angle processing of the XY plane and 30-degree inward rotation angle processing of the Z axis at any point.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first servo motor 117 on the collimator housing 102 rotates, driving the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 to rotate as a whole, thereby realizing a controllable 360-degree rotation. The second servo motor 137 arranged at the servo screw 136 in the internal rotation connecting device 104 drives the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105 to rotate as a whole. The 360-degree rotation of the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism 103 and the 30-degree internal rotation of the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism 105 are superimposed, so that 360-degree internal rotation angle processing of the XY plane and 30-degree internal rotation angle processing of the Z axis at any point can be realized. There is no need to use a complex robotic arm, and only three-axis movement is required to complete the 30-degree internal rotation cladding of the cladding head at a specific point, thereby reducing the amplitude and vibration of the mechanical rotation movement and improving the molding quality.

[0046] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a laser fiber plug, a collimator housing, a 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, an internal rotation connection device, a 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, a metal nozzle, a powder separator and a powder supply system. The lower end of the laser fiber plug is plugged into the optical fiber socket of the collimator housing, the collimator housing is threadedly connected to the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism is connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism through the internal rotation connection device, the metal nozzle is threadedly connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism, and the powder separator is bonded to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism. The powder supply system is welded to the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism, and four powder supply barrel mechanisms are arranged on the powder supply system, each of which is provided with a powder supply outlet, and four powder separation inlets are arranged on the top of the powder separator, and each of the powder supply outlets is connected to the powder separation inlet through a first powder conveying pipe, and four powder separation outlets are also arranged on the bottom of the powder separator, and each of the powder separation outlets is connected to the metal nozzle through a second powder conveying pipe.

2. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the collimator housing is provided with the optical fiber socket, the interior of the collimator housing is provided with a collimator body, the motor slot of the collimator housing is provided with a first servo motor, and the output end of the first servo motor is provided with a transmission external gear.

3. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism includes a connecting outer shell, an internal gear, a connecting inner shell, a first reflector and an optical path tube. One end of the optical path tube is connected to the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism through the internal rotation connecting device. The first reflector is arranged inside the other end of the optical path tube. The upper surface of the end of the optical path tube away from the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism is provided with the connecting inner shell. The external thread of the connecting inner shell is matched with the internal thread of the bottom of the collimator housing. The external surface of the connecting inner shell is provided with the internal gear. The bottom of the internal gear is provided with an internal gear connecting end. The connecting outer shell is arranged on the top of the internal gear. The internal gear connecting end is welded to the end of the optical path tube. The internal thread of the connecting outer shell is matched with the external thread of the bottom of the collimator housing. The transmission external gear is meshed with the internal gear.

4. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The 30-degree inward rotation light transmission mechanism includes a telescopic section, a 30-degree inward rotation section, a second reflector, a fixing ring and a focusing mirror. The wedge-shaped end of the telescopic section is bonded to the 30-degree inward rotation section, and the other end of the telescopic section is bonded to an end of the optical path tube away from the collimating mirror housing. The 30-degree inward rotation section is provided with a square shell and a cylindrical shell. The square shell is bonded to the wedge-shaped end of the telescopic section, the cylindrical shell is provided at the bottom of the square shell, the second reflector is provided inside the square shell, and the focusing mirror is installed inside the cylindrical shell. The fixing ring is threadedly connected to the upper half of the cylindrical shell, and the fixing ring is used to position the focusing mirror.

5. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The internal rotation connection device is composed of two linking components. A first connecting nut is provided on both sides of the optical path tube, and a second connecting nut is provided on both sides of the square shell. The linking components are provided between the first connecting nut and the corresponding second connecting nut. Each of the linking components is composed of a fixing screw, a connecting plate and a servo screw. The fixing screw is provided at one end of the connecting plate, and the servo screw is provided at the other end of the connecting plate. The fixing screw is connected to the first connecting nut, and the servo screw is connected to the second connecting nut. A second servo motor is provided at each servo screw.

6. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The metal nozzle is provided with four metal powder inlet pipes, each of which is connected to the corresponding powder separation and powder outlet through a second powder conveying pipe, and the external thread at the top of the metal nozzle is matched with the internal thread at the bottom of the cylindrical shell.

7. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting block is arranged at the top of the square shell, and a connecting rod is also arranged at the bottom of the powder distributor, and the connecting rod is bonded to the connecting block.

8. The laser cladding head with integrated powder supply system and variable angle mechanism as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The powder supply system includes a powder cartridge clamp and four circular cartridge clamps, one end of the powder cartridge clamp is provided with a powder cartridge clamp connecting rod, the other end of the powder cartridge clamp is provided with four circular cartridge clamps, the powder cartridge clamp connecting rod is welded to the upper surface of the optical path tube, a spring is provided at the center of the four circular cartridge clamps, the powder supply cartridge mechanism is installed at each of the circular cartridge clamps, each of the powder supply cartridge mechanisms is provided with an external powder replenishing port, an air supply port and an ultrasonic vibration device, and the bottom of each of the powder supply cartridge mechanisms is provided with the powder supply outlet.

9. An operating method of a laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism, applied to the laser cladding head with an integrated powder supply system and a variable angle mechanism as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: The first servo motor on the collimator housing rotates, driving the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism to rotate as a whole, thereby achieving a controllable 360-degree rotation; The second servo motor provided at the servo screw in the internal rotation connection device drives the 30-degree internal rotation optical transmission mechanism to rotate as a whole; The 360-degree rotation of the 360-degree rotating optical transmission mechanism and the 30-degree inward rotation of the 30-degree inward rotation optical transmission mechanism are superimposed to realize 360-degree inward rotation angle processing of the XY plane and 30-degree inward rotation angle processing of the Z axis at any point.

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