High overload loading device based on reverse braking

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of impact tests, and discloses a high-overload loading device based on reverse braking, the high-overload loading device comprises a gas generator, a pressure relief device, an emitter and a guide cylinder, the emitter is arranged in a protective magazine, and the protective magazine is hermetically connected to one end of the guide cylinder, which is located at the pressure relief device and is far away from the gas generator; an air supply acceleration device is arranged on the side wall of the guide cylinder; an exhaust section and a reverse braking loading section connected with the exhaust section are arranged in the guide cylinder; a first-stage reverse overload loading structure and a second-stage reverse overload loading structure are arranged on the reverse braking loading section in the guide cylinder, and the platform stress of the second-stage reverse overload loading structure is larger than that of the first-stage reverse overload loading structure; the launcher and the protective magazine impact the first-stage reverse overload loading mechanism and the second-stage reverse overload loading mechanism under the pushing of gas of the gas generator, and reverse overload is achieved through impact. According to the device, high overload is achieved through reverse braking, and safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of impact testing, and in particular relates to a high overload loading device based on reverse braking. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of missile launch and penetration, electronic equipment on the missile usually needs to experience impacts lasting up to milliseconds and with an amplitude of tens of thousands of g (unit gravity acceleration), which may cause failure of electronic components or structures in the ammunition system. In order to fully verify the reliability of missile-borne equipment during the development stage and reduce the risk of actual application process, it is necessary to carry out corresponding impact tests to assess its working performance and survivability in high impact environments. At present, traditional high-overload acceleration devices usually directly use power sources (such as high-pressure gas, gunpowder, electromagnetic force, etc.) to accelerate objects that need to be highly accelerated. These schemes all use the method of directly accelerating the object to be measured. The use of electromagnetic force requires the system to generate a huge thrust instantly, with a power of several thousand megawatts. The equipment is very large and the cost is extremely high. The use of high-pressure gas, gunpowder, etc. requires ultra-high pressure to achieve high overload loading, which cannot achieve continuous high pressure and will reduce the safety of the test. In addition, in order to accurately obtain test data and prevent damage to missile-borne equipment, it is usually necessary to design a non-destructive recovery system. The reverse overload that the missile can withstand is usually much smaller than the forward acceleration overload that it can withstand, which greatly increases the difficulty of non-destructive recovery design. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a high overload loading device based on reverse braking that achieves high overload and high safety through reverse braking. In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0004] A high overload loading device based on reverse braking comprises a gas generator, a pressure relief device, a projectile and a guide tube.

[0005] The projectile is arranged in the protective magazine, and the protective magazine is sealed and connected to the guide tube at the end of the pressure relief device away from the gas generator;

[0006] An air replenishing acceleration device is provided on the side wall of the guide cylinder;

[0007] An exhaust section and a reverse braking loading section connected to the exhaust section are arranged in the guide cylinder;

[0008] The reverse braking loading section in the guide cylinder is provided with a primary reverse overload loading structure and a secondary reverse overload loading structure, and the platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure is greater than the platform stress of the primary reverse overload loading structure;

[0009] The projectile and the protective magazine are pushed by the gas of the gas generator to collide with the first-level reverse overload loading mechanism and the second-level reverse overload loading structure and realize reverse overload by the collision.

[0010] In one embodiment, a rigid isolation plate is provided between the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, an exhaust hole is provided in the guide tube at the reverse braking loading section and a recoil support structure is provided at the rear end thereof.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm or a shear ring, a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring, and a sealing groove is provided on the periphery of the protective magazine for sealingly connecting the guide cylinder.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sum of the masses of the primary reverse overload loading structure, the secondary reverse overload loading structure, and the rigid isolation plate is less than the sum of the masses of the projectile and the protective magazine.

[0014] In one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

[0015] In one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are both structures of equal cross-section.

[0016] In one embodiment, a heating tube is provided in the gas generator for heating the gas source in the gas generator, and an injection tube is provided at the end of the gas generator for adding the gas source medium. The pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa.

[0017] In one embodiment, the gas source medium is solid CO 2 or liquid CO 2 The heating tube is an electric heating tube, which heats the solid CO 2 or liquid CO 2 Transformed into supercritical CO 2 .

[0018] In one embodiment, a control system is further included to control the release sequence of the gas generator and the gas supplement acceleration device.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the high overload loading device based on reverse braking of the present application, the gas generator provides initial thrust for the projectile and the protective magazine, and when the pressure of the gas generator reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief device, it breaks and quickly releases pressure into the guide cylinder to accelerate the projectile and the protective magazine together. In the guide cylinder, the gas replenishment acceleration device continues to provide a driving force for the projectile, and after the projectile and the protective magazine enter the reverse braking high overload loading section, the exhaust section is used to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas at the rear end; after the projectile and the protective magazine reach the preset speed, they collide with the first-level reverse overload loading structure and the second-level reverse overload loading structure, and the platform stress of the second-level reverse overload loading structure is greater than the platform stress of the first-level reverse overload loading structure; the first-level reverse overload loading structure is used to realize overload curves with different rising edges for the projectile and the protective magazine, and the further compression of the second-level reverse overload loading structure is used to generate a stable reverse overload, and finally stop in the reverse braking loading section. The above device achieves high overload loading through reverse braking, which reduces the requirements for the initial loading power source of the gas generator. The projectile can be accelerated to a higher speed by lower pressure (the pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa, and the pressure of the gas generator can be controlled to about 20Mpa by extending the length of the guide tube) and using a longer stroke, and reverse overload is achieved by impact, avoiding the use of ultra-high pressure devices during the acceleration process. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the entire device are greatly reduced, and the test safety is improved. In the forward acceleration process, the present invention can use medium and low pressure gas acceleration according to the required acceleration distance, and reverse braking can be performed after reaching the set speed to achieve high overload loading. After the loading is completed, the speed of the object under test will drop to zero without the need for an additional non-destructive recovery system, and the safety of the entire test process will be significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high overload loading device based on reverse braking in one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a high overload loading device based on reverse braking in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all the professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0026] See also Figure 1-2 A high overload loading device based on reverse braking comprises a gas generator 1, a pressure relief device 2, a protective magazine 3, a projectile 4 and a guide cylinder 5. The cylinders of the gas generator 1 and the guide cylinder 5 are sealed and connected, and the pressure relief device 2 is arranged between the gas generator 1 and the projectile 4. The projectile 4 is arranged in the protective magazine 3, and the protective magazine 3 is sealed and connected to the end of the guide cylinder 5 located at the pressure relief device 2 away from the gas generator 1. A gas replenishment acceleration device 6 is arranged on the side wall of the guide cylinder 5. An exhaust section 7 and a reverse braking loading section 10 connected to the exhaust section 7 are arranged in the guide cylinder 5. The reverse braking loading section 10 in the guide cylinder 5 is provided with a first-level reverse overload loading structure 8 and a second-level reverse overload loading structure 11, and the platform stress of the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11 is greater than the platform stress of the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8. The projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 collide with the first-level reverse overload loading mechanism 8 and the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11 under the push of the gas of the gas generator, and use the collision to achieve a high overload acceleration movement of reverse braking.

[0027] In the high overload loading device based on reverse braking of the present application, the gas generator 1 provides initial thrust for the protective magazine 3 and the projectile 4. When the pressure of the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure release device 2, it breaks and quickly releases pressure into the guide tube 5, so that the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 accelerate forward together. In the guide tube 5, the gas replenishment acceleration device 6 continues to provide thrust for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3. After the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 enter the reverse braking high overload loading section 10, the exhaust section 7 is used to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas at the rear end; after the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 reach the preset speed, they collide with the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8 and the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11, and the platform stress of the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11 is greater than the platform stress of the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8; the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8 is used to realize the overload curves with different rising edges for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3, and the further compression of the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11 is used to generate a stable reverse overload, and finally stop in the reverse braking loading section 10. By adopting the above-mentioned device, high overload loading is achieved through reverse braking, which reduces the requirements for the initial loading power source of the gas generator. The projectile 4 can be accelerated to a higher speed by a lower pressure (the pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa, and the pressure of the gas generator 1 can be controlled to about 20Mpa by extending the length of the guide tube 5) and a longer stroke, and reverse overload is achieved by impact, avoiding the use of ultra-high pressure devices during the acceleration process. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the entire device are greatly reduced, and the test safety is improved.

[0028] Specifically, in one embodiment, a heating pipe is provided in the gas generator 1 for heating the gas source in the gas generator 1. An injection pipe is provided at the end of the gas generator 1 for adding the gas source medium. The pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa. In one embodiment, the heating pipe is an electric heating pipe. The solid CO is heated by electric heating at a constant volume, temperature and pressure. 2 or liquid CO 2 Transformed into supercritical CO 2 The gas source can be solid CO 2 or liquid CO 2 The solid CO is heated by the electric heating tube built into the gas generator 1, and the electric heating method is used to increase the temperature and pressure of the solid CO 2 or liquid CO 2 Transformed into supercritical CO 2 Electric heating is a physical process. 2 There is no chemical reaction in the process of the medium changing from low pressure to ultra-high pressure. Compared with gunpowder or other chemical heating agents that are prone to produce high-temperature gases or corrosive substances, the use of electric heating can make the entire working process clean and pollution-free, which is beneficial to increasing the service life of the launch tube and high-pressure container and reducing maintenance costs. In addition, it also has the advantages of reusability and controllable energy output.

[0029] CO 2 When the temperature and pressure reach the critical point (7.38MPa, 31.3℃), it will enter the supercritical state. 2 It is in gaseous state, with density close to that of liquid, viscosity close to that of gas and diffusion coefficient between that of gas and liquid. 2 The property of directly transforming from solid or liquid to supercritical state can achieve higher power density energy storage, thereby reducing the space required for installation. In addition, the use of solid CO 2 or liquid CO 2 Maintaining normal pressure during filling also improves operational safety during the filling process. Furthermore, the use of electric heating to achieve CO 2 Compared with chemical exothermic agents (such as gunpowder), it transforms from solid or liquid to a supercritical state, and has the characteristics of reusability, precise and controllable heat energy release, high safety, and good cleanliness of the launching medium.

[0030] Specifically, in one embodiment, the pressure relief device 2 is a pressure relief diaphragm or a shear ring, and a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring. Before the pressure in the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring, the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring is sealed and the pressure is held back. When the pressure in the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring, the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring ruptures along the prefabricated groove and quickly releases the pressure into the guide cylinder 5.

[0031] Specifically, in one embodiment, the protective magazine 3 provides protection for the projectile 4 and directly bears the gas thrust and the braking reaction force. A sealing groove is arranged on the periphery of the protective magazine 3 for sealingly connecting the guide cylinder 5.

[0032] Specifically, in one embodiment, the air-compensating acceleration device 6 is arranged on the side wall of the guide tube 5, and its number and arrangement distance are determined according to specific working conditions. The air-compensating acceleration device 6 continuously provides propulsion power for the protective magazine 3 and the projectile 4 during the early acceleration process, so that they reach a higher initial velocity.

[0033] Specifically, in one embodiment, the protective magazine 3 is a projectile 4 that accelerates under the driving action of the gas generator 1 and the gas-supplementing acceleration device 6, and hits the first-stage reverse overload loading structure 8 at a predetermined speed. After the protective magazine 3 and the projectile 4 hit the first-stage reverse overload loading structure 8, in order to prevent the propulsion power of the gas generator 1 and the gas-supplementing acceleration device 6 from affecting the acceleration and speed control of the protective magazine 3 and the projectile 4, the high-pressure gas at the rear end of the protective magazine 3 and the projectile 4 is quickly discharged through the exhaust section 7.

[0034] Specifically, in one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure, an origami structure, or other lightweight high-strength lattice structures. The primary reverse overload loading structure 8 has a lower platform stress, which is used for buffering in the initial stage of impact. At the same time, loading structures with different cross-sectional areas or densities can be set as needed, so as to achieve overload curves with different rising edges, that is, the overload curve first rises slowly and then increases rapidly.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, the rigid isolation plate 9 is disposed at the tail of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 to prevent the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 from directly offsetting the buffering loading effect of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 .

[0036] Specifically, in one embodiment, the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 can be a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure, an origami structure, or other lightweight and high-strength lattice structure. The secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 has a higher platform stress than the primary reverse overload loading structure 8, and is used to achieve a stable and long-term loading effect during the impact process.

[0037] Preferably, the sum of the masses of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8, the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 and the rigid isolation plate 9 is smaller than the sum of the masses of the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3, thereby reducing the impact of mass changes on acceleration.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 and the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 are both equal-section structures, which can more easily calculate relevant parameters such as platform stress and crushing force.

[0039] Specifically, in one embodiment, a bottom support plate 12 is provided at the rear end of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11, and a recoil support structure 13 is provided at the bottom support plate 12 to provide recoil support for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 during reverse braking high overload loading.

[0040] Preferably, a plurality of exhaust holes are provided near the recoil support structure 13 of the guide cylinder 5 to avoid a situation where the overload value is too large due to air accumulation.

[0041] In one embodiment, a control system is also included to control the release timing of the gas generator 1 and the gas replenishment acceleration device 6 .

[0042] In the above-mentioned high overload loading device based on reverse braking, the gas generator 1 provides initial thrust for the protective magazine 3 and the projectile 4. When the pressure of the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure release device 2, it breaks and quickly releases pressure into the guide tube 5, so that the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 accelerate forward together. In the guide tube 5, the gas replenishment acceleration device 6 continues to provide thrust for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3. After the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 enter the reverse braking high overload loading section 10, the exhaust section 7 is used to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas at the rear end; after the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 reach the preset speed, they hit the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8 and the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11, and the platform stress of the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11 is greater than the platform stress of the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8; the first-level reverse overload loading structure 8 is used to realize the overload curves of the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 with different rising edges, and the further compression of the second-level reverse overload loading structure 11 is used to generate a stable reverse overload, and finally stop in the reverse braking loading section 10. By adopting the above device, high overload loading is achieved through reverse braking, which reduces the requirements for the initial loading power source of the gas generator. The projectile 4 can be accelerated to a higher speed by lower pressure (the pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa, and the pressure of the gas generator 1 can be controlled to about 20Mpa by extending the length of the guide tube 5) and a longer stroke, and reverse overload is achieved by impact, avoiding the use of ultra-high pressure devices during the acceleration process. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the entire device are greatly reduced, and the test safety is improved. In the forward acceleration process, the present invention can use medium and low pressure gas acceleration according to the required acceleration distance, and reverse braking is performed after reaching the set speed to achieve high overload loading. After the loading is completed, the speed of the object under test will drop to zero without the need to configure an additional lossless recovery system, and the safety of the entire test process will be significantly improved.

Claims

1. A high overload loading device based on reverse braking, comprising a gas generator, a pressure relief device, a projectile and a guide cylinder, characterized in that: The projectile is arranged in the protective magazine, and the protective magazine is sealed and connected to the guide tube at the end of the pressure relief device away from the gas generator; An air replenishing acceleration device is provided on the side wall of the guide cylinder; An exhaust section and a reverse braking loading section connected to the exhaust section are arranged in the guide cylinder; The reverse braking loading section in the guide cylinder is provided with a primary reverse overload loading structure and a secondary reverse overload loading structure, and the platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure is greater than the platform stress of the primary reverse overload loading structure; The projectile and the protective magazine are pushed by the gas of the gas generator to collide with the first-level reverse overload loading mechanism and the second-level reverse overload loading structure and realize reverse overload by the collision.

2. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rigid isolation plate is provided between the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure.

3. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An exhaust hole is provided in the guide cylinder at the reverse braking loading section and a recoil support structure is provided at the rear end thereof.

4. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm or a shear ring, and a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring. A sealing groove is provided on the periphery of the protective magazine for sealingly connecting the guide cylinder.

5. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The sum of the masses of the primary reverse overload loading structure, the secondary reverse overload loading structure and the rigid isolation plate is less than the sum of the masses of the projectile and the protective magazine.

6. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

7. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are both equal-section structures.

8. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas generator is provided with a heating tube for heating the gas source in the gas generator. The end of the gas generator is provided with an injection tube for adding the gas source medium. The pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa.

9. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas source medium is solid CO2 or liquid CO2, and the heating tube is an electric heating tube, which converts the solid CO2 or liquid CO2 into supercritical CO2 by constant volume, temperature and pressure increase through electric heating.

10. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a control system for controlling the release sequence of the gas generator and the gas supplement acceleration device.

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