Device and system for simulating rock breaking process of hobbing cutter by using plurality of cutter teeth

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a system for simulating a hobbing cutter rock breaking process by using a plurality of cutter teeth, belongs to the technical field of hobbing cutter rock breaking tests, and is used for solving the problems of large size and high construction and operation cost of a rolling rock breaking test device in the prior art. The device comprises a rock fixing assembly, a test piece rod, a telescopic power part and a translation movement part, cutter teeth are arranged at the head end of the test piece rod, the tail end is connected to the output shaft end of the telescopic power part, and the axes of the test piece rod and the telescopic power part coincide; a shell of the telescopic power part is connected to an output shaft of the translational motion part, and the translational motion part drives the telescopic power part to translate; the rock fixing assembly is arranged in the head end direction of the test piece rod, the telescopic direction points to the rock surface, and the translation direction is parallel to the rock surface. The device is combined with the system, so that the size and the cost of the test device are remarkably reduced. A hob rock breaking mechanism can be precisely restored without a complete hob, and a convenient and efficient experimental platform is provided for deeply researching a rock breaking process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of roller cutter rock breaking tests, and in particular relates to a device and a system for simulating a roller cutter rock breaking process by using a plurality of cutter teeth. Background Art

[0002] In tunneling and other projects, shield machine cutters are key components that effectively crush rock through a rolling-cutting process, significantly improving construction efficiency. However, the complex interaction between the cutter and rock, particularly the rock-breaking mechanism under deep, high-in-situ stress environments, remains largely unexplored, constraining project efficiency and cost control.

[0003] Due to the large size of the roller cutter, test rigs for direct rock breaking using rolling are often bulky, increasing the experimental difficulty and limiting the diversity of testing methods. Furthermore, the high construction and operation costs of large-scale test rigs and their complex operation hinder widespread scientific research and teaching. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a test rig capable of simulating the pure rolling and complex motion of a localized roller cutter bar. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and system for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth, so as to solve the problem that the experimental equipment for rolling rock breaking in the prior art is often bulky and has high construction and operation costs.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a device and system for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth.

[0006] Among them, a device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth includes: Rock fixing assembly, specimen rod, telescopic power unit and translational motion unit; The head end of the test rod is provided with a detachable blade tooth, the tail end of the test rod is connected to the output shaft end of the telescopic power part, and the axes of the test rod and the telescopic power part coincide with each other, and the direction of the telescopic axis is defined as the first axis; The housing of the telescopic power unit is connected to the output shaft of the translation motion unit, and the telescopic power unit is driven by the translation motion unit to translate, and the direction of the translation axis is defined as the second axis; The rock fixing assembly is arranged at the head end direction of the specimen rod, the first axis and the second axis form a working plane of the specimen rod, the first axis points to the rock surface, and the second axis is parallel to the rock surface.

[0007] Optionally, the rock fixing assembly includes a base, a side shell and a top cover; The side shell and the base are connected to form a cavity with an open top, and the cavity is used to place the rock sample. The top cover is detachably arranged on the top of the side shell, and the top cover presses the top of the rock sample. The top cover is provided with a through area, and the head end of the specimen rod passes through the through area and contacts the rock sample.

[0008] Optionally, a side gap is left around the rock sample and the side shell; A first hydraulic hole is provided on the rock fixing assembly housing, and an outlet of the first hydraulic hole in the rock fixing assembly is located within the side gap range.

[0009] Optionally, a raised cavity is provided on the upper surface of the base, a slidingly fitted piston is provided in the raised cavity, a bottom gap is formed between the bottom of the piston and the raised cavity, and the top of the piston bears the rock sample; A penetrating second hydraulic hole is provided on the base, and an outlet of the second hydraulic hole in the rock fixing assembly is located within the bottom gap.

[0010] Optionally, a sealing layer connected as a whole is provided at the contact portion between the top of the rock sample and the top cover, around the rock sample, and at the contact portion between the bottom of the rock sample and the piston.

[0011] Optionally, it further includes a rotational motion portion; The rotary motion part includes a rotary power source, a rotary shaft and a movable mounting frame; The rotating shaft is driven by the rotating power source, both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame, the housing of the telescopic power unit is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating plane of the telescopic power unit coincides with the working plane; The translation motion portion includes a translation power source and a fixed mounting frame. The movable mounting frame is slidably mounted on the fixed mounting frame. The translation power source pushes the movable mounting frame to slide along the second axis.

[0012] Optionally, a torque sensor for detecting the torque of the rotating shaft is provided in the rotary motion portion; The telescopic power unit is provided with a first load sensor for detecting the telescopic load; The translation motion portion is provided with a second load sensor for detecting the translation pushing load.

[0013] Optionally, the side shell is made of a material that can be seen through X-rays.

[0014] Optionally, the telescopic power unit is an electric telescopic cylinder or a fluid telescopic cylinder; The translational power source is an electric telescopic cylinder or a fluid telescopic cylinder.

[0015] Among them, a system for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth includes the above-mentioned device for simulating the rock breaking process of a large-scale roller cutter using a small-scale specimen; It also includes an X-ray machine and a hydraulic system; The photographic direction of the X-ray machine is toward the rock fixing assembly; The hydraulic source of the hydraulic system is communicated with the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole, and applies side pressure and bottom pressure to the rock sample respectively.

[0016] As described above, the device and system of the present invention for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth have at least the following beneficial effects: Using a small cutter bar to simulate the actual rolling and complex motion of the hob cutter teeth significantly reduces the size and cost of the experimental setup. Without the need for a complete hob, the rock-breaking mechanism of the hob can be accurately reproduced, providing a convenient and efficient experimental platform for in-depth research on the rock-breaking process. This technology not only enhances the flexibility of scientific research and teaching, but also accelerates technical optimization and efficiency improvements in engineering practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Shown is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing another perspective of the present invention as a whole.

[0019] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the main components of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the rock fixing assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of the working area of ​​the specimen rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the movable mounting bracket of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It shows a schematic diagram of rock breaking by the test piece rod of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle of the test piece rod simulating a hob in the present invention.

[0025] Among them: rock fixing assembly 1, base 11, side shell 12, top cover 13, first hydraulic hole 14, second hydraulic hole 15, piston 16, specimen rod 2, telescopic power unit 3, translational motion unit 4, translational power source 41, fixed mounting frame 42, rotational motion unit 5, rotational power source 51, rotation axis 52, movable mounting frame 53, bearing block 531, thrust plate 532, reaction cylinder 533, rock specimen 6, side gap 71, bottom gap 72, X-ray machine 8, structural plate 91, slide rail 92, slider 93. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. People skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0027] See also Figures 1 to 8 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0028] The following embodiments are for illustration only and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0029] See also Figures 1-8 The present invention provides an embodiment of a device and system for simulating a rock-breaking process with a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth. In the accompanying drawings, two types of guide lines, with and without arrows, are used for clarity. The main differences are as follows: ① Used to distinguish the whole and parts of a component, such as Figure 1 In FIG. 4 , the arrow 4 points to a telescopic cylinder assembly, but it represents the entire translation motion portion 4 (including the telescopic cylinder assembly); and the attached Figure 6 In the figure, the 41 without arrows points to the same telescopic cylinder assembly, which only represents the translational force source 41, that is, the telescopic cylinder itself; ②Used to distinguish specific structures and spaces, such as Figure 4 In the figure, the side gap 71 and the bottom gap 72 do not represent specific structures, but are empty spaces between structures, and the arrows point to the space areas; ③ Figure 8 In the figure, the terminal arrow is used to distinguish the solid line of the structure itself, making the direction more precise and clear.

[0030] Among them, a device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth includes: Rock fixing assembly 1, specimen rod 2, telescopic power unit 3 and translation motion unit 4; The head end of the test rod 2 is provided with a detachable blade, and the tail end of the test rod 2 is connected to the output shaft end of the telescopic power unit 3, and the axes of the test rod 2 and the telescopic power unit 3 coincide with each other. The direction of the telescopic axis is defined as the first axis, that is, Figure 7 or Figure 8 The Y-axis is shown. The specimen rod can be understood as a simplified representation of a tooth on a real hob and the area within a certain radius on both sides of it. The specimen rod does not necessarily have to be rod-shaped. For example, when the end of the specimen rod simulates only one tooth, a rod shape is a preferred solution. However, if the end of the specimen rod simulates multiple teeth, a fan-shaped specimen rod would be a more appropriate solution. The housing of the telescopic power unit 3 is connected to the output shaft of the translation motion unit 4, and the translation motion unit 4 drives the telescopic power unit 3 to translate. The direction of the translation axis is defined as the second axis, that is, Figure 7 or Figure 8 The X-axis shown; The rock fixing assembly 1 is arranged at the head end direction of the specimen rod 2. The first axis and the second axis form the working plane of the specimen rod 2. The first axis points to the rock surface, and the second axis is parallel to the rock surface.

[0031] The main working principles of the above embodiment are as follows: The length of the specimen rod 2 can be set as needed, and the specifications of the teeth at the head end of the specimen rod 2 can be set to the same specifications and models as the hob cutter to be simulated, such as conical wedge teeth, conical ball teeth, etc. The rock sample in the rock fixing assembly 1 can be sampled from the actual project site, or a sample with specific performance parameters can be made of materials such as concrete; Before conducting a rock-breaking simulation with a roller cutter, the diameter of the target roller cutter must be confirmed. The common sizes of roller cutters for shield machines are 8-19 inches, which means the diameter is approximately in the range of 200mm-500mm. Using a real roller cutter for rock breaking has many cost and technical limitations.

[0032] After confirming the target hob diameter to be simulated, Figure 8 As shown, the center of the simulated hob is point B, and a point on the circumference of the simulated hob is point A; a point C is determined on the radius BA, and the distance between point C and point A is equal to the actual length of the specimen cutter bar; the motion parameters of point C when the simulated hob actually rolls and breaks rock are obtained. Figure 7 and Figure 8 Point A in is the same point. Figure 7 and Figure 8 Point C in is the same point.

[0033] Then, a rock sample is set at the head end of the specimen cutter bar, and the same motion parameters as point C are assigned to the tail end of the specimen cutter bar. Then, the motion parameters of the head end of the specimen cutter bar will be consistent with the motion parameters of point A on the circumference of the disc cutter, thereby achieving the purpose of using a small-sized specimen to simulate the rock breaking of a large-sized disc cutter.

[0034] Specifically, considering that the motion of point A on the hob circumference always occurs in the same plane, previously referred to as the working plane, the complex motion parameters of point A can be decomposed into the X-axis and Y-axis within the working plane. The translational motion unit 4 controls the motion component of the distal end of the test rod 2 in the X-axis direction, while the telescopic power unit 3 controls the motion component of the distal end of the test rod 2 in the Y-axis direction. This allows the distal end of the test rod 2 to simulate any motion trajectory of point C within the working plane, and further allows the distal end of the test rod 2 to simulate any motion trajectory of point A on the hob circumference within the working plane. This means that the tooth trajectory at the distal end of the test rod 2 is consistent with the motion trajectory of point A on the hob circumference.

[0035] The motion information of point C on the hob can be obtained by setting up sensor detection when the shield machine is working, or by calculation through computer simulation software, or by manual calculation. This is not the focus of this embodiment. In short, the motion state of point A on the edge of the hob can be simulated by obtaining the motion information of point C on the hob in the working plane and assigning it to the end of the specimen rod 2.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the above-described embodiment include: by introducing a specially designed control device and accompanying control method, accurate simulation of the rock-breaking process of large roller cutters of various sizes is achieved using a relatively small device and a relatively short test rod. This process does not require physically reducing the cutter size or replacing the test tool. Instead, the motion trajectory of the test rod is precisely controlled to simulate the working effects of roller cutters of different radii. This method not only significantly reduces the difficulty and cost of experiments, but also improves their flexibility and repeatability. It provides strong support for the research and development and optimization of roller cutter technology and accelerates the application of scientific research results in engineering.

[0037] This embodiment can be found in Figure 4 , the rock fixing assembly 1 comprises a base 11, a side shell 12 and a top cover 13; The side shell 12 and the base 11 are connected to form a cavity with an open top, which is used to place the rock sample 6. The top cover 13 is detachably arranged on the top of the side shell 12. The top cover 13 presses the top peripheral range of the rock sample 6. A through area is provided on the top cover 13, and the head end of the specimen rod 2 passes through the through area and contacts the rock sample 6.

[0038] In the above embodiment, the operating process is as follows: the rock fixation assembly 1 is fixed as a whole. Before testing, the top cover 13 is removed, the rock sample is placed inside, and the top cover 13 is then reinstalled to compress and secure the rock sample. During the simulation experiment, the specimen rod 2 contacts the upper surface of the rock sample 6 through the penetration area of ​​the top cover 13, compressing and destroying the rock sample. Because the rock fixation assembly is an enclosed and sealed structure, even if the rock sample or the cutting teeth of the specimen rod 2 break due to the tremendous rock-breaking force, the detached material cannot escape the rock fixation assembly, greatly improving the safety of the simulation test.

[0039] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, a side gap 71 is left around the rock sample 6 and the side shell 12; A first hydraulic hole 14 is provided on the housing of the rock fixing assembly 1. The outlet of the first hydraulic hole 14 in the rock fixing assembly 1 is located within the range of the side gap 71. The first hydraulic hole 14 can be provided on the base 11. The upper surface of the base 11 is provided with a raised cavity, in which a sliding piston 16 is provided. A bottom gap 72 is formed between the bottom of the piston 16 and the raised cavity, and the top of the piston 16 bears the rock sample 6. A penetrating second hydraulic hole 15 is provided on the base 11 , and an outlet of the second hydraulic hole 15 in the rock fixing assembly 1 is located within the bottom gap 72 .

[0040] In the above embodiment, a sealing structure should be provided between the base 11 , the side housing 12 , the piston 16 and other components to ensure that the sealing strength is higher than the sample pressure environment to be simulated.

[0041] This design cleverly creates side gaps around the rock specimen and between the side shell, and equips it with a first hydraulic hole to adjust the lateral pressure. At the same time, the raised cavity on the base and the piston combine to form a bottom gap, which, in conjunction with the second hydraulic hole, regulates the bottom pressure. This achieves a multi-dimensional and precise simulation of the pressure environment of the rock specimen. The lateral pressure and bottom pressure can be controlled independently and set according to actual geological conditions. In simulating the rock-breaking process of a shield cutter, this design not only improves the authenticity and accuracy of the experiment, but also ensures the stability and safety of the specimen under extreme stress conditions, providing strong experimental support for shield cutter performance optimization and failure analysis.

[0042] Furthermore, a sealing layer is provided at the contact area between the top of the rock sample 6 and the top cover 13, around the rock sample 6, and at the contact area between the bottom of the rock sample 6 and the piston 16. A barrel-shaped elastic rubber sealing material or heat-shrinkable sealing material can be used. After the rock sample is placed in the sealing layer, the entire rock sample is placed into the rock fixing assembly 1. The top of the barrel-shaped sealing layer then covers the outer portion of the top of the rock sample, and the top cover 13 compresses this area, thereby forming a sealed state at the bottom and sides of the rock sample. The central area of ​​the top of the rock sample is not covered by the sealing layer, allowing it to be squeezed and damaged by the specimen rod 2.

[0043] By introducing an integral sealing layer design, the top outer ring, surrounding areas, and bottom of the rock specimen are effectively sealed, ensuring that the confining pressure fluid cannot penetrate the rock surface or interior, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the simulation experiment. This design not only simplifies the operation process and allows for rapid installation and removal of rock specimens, but also ensures a stable and controllable pressure environment during the experiment, providing more precise experimental conditions for studying complex mechanical behaviors such as shield machine cutter rock breaking.

[0044] For this example, please refer to Figures 1-6 , further comprising a rotary motion portion 5. Figure 6 For example, the rotary motion part 5 includes a rotary power source 51, a rotary shaft 52 and a movable mounting frame 53, and the movable mounting frame 53 includes two bearing blocks 531 and a thrust plate 532 connecting the bearing blocks 531 into one body; The rotating shaft 52 is driven by the rotating power source 51. In order to increase the torque, a speed reducer can be installed in the middle. The two ends of the rotating shaft 52 are rotatably connected to the bearing blocks 531 of the movable mounting frame 53. The housing of the telescopic power unit 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 52. The rotation plane of the telescopic power unit 3 coincides with the working plane. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, a structural plate 91 is fixedly mounted between the two bearing blocks 531 of the movable mounting frame 53 on the rotating shaft 52. This structural plate 91 has a through-cavity, within which the telescopic power unit 3 is mounted. When the rotary power source drives the rotating shaft, the structural plate 91 also rotates, which in turn rotates the telescopic power unit 3, and thus the specimen rod 2 connected to the output shaft of the telescopic power unit 3. The translational motion unit 4 includes a translational power source 41 and a fixed mounting frame 42. The movable mounting frame 53 is slidably mounted on the fixed mounting frame 42. The translational power source 41 pushes the movable mounting frame 53 to slide along the second axis. Specifically, a slide rail 92 is mounted on the fixed mounting frame 42, and a matching slider 93 is mounted on the movable mounting frame 53. The output shaft of the translational power source 41 is connected to the thrust plate 532. When the output shaft of the translational power source 41 extends or retracts, it will drive the movable mounting frame 53 to move along the slide rail. The housing of the reducer connected to the rotating shaft 52 can be connected to the movable mounting frame 53 as a whole and slide with the movable mounting frame 53. A reaction cylinder 533 can be used for connection to enhance the stability of the structure. At the same time, the rotational power source 51 as the input of the reducer also needs to be able to slide with the movable mounting frame 53. Therefore, it cannot be fixed to the ground. However, the housing of the rotational power source 51 can be fixedly connected to the reducer, and the input and output shafts of the reducer should have different orientations, such as vertical. That is, the input shaft of the speed reducer connected to the rotary power source 51 and the output shaft connected to the rotary shaft 52 have perpendicular axial directions.

[0045] This embodiment integrates a translational motion unit with a rotational motion unit, achieving multi-dimensional and flexible control of the telescopic power unit and the specimen rod. The operating principle is that the translational motion unit drives the movable mounting frame to slide along the slide rail, thereby driving the rotational motion unit and the telescopic power unit to translate as a whole. The rotational motion unit, in turn, drives the rotary axis through a rotary power source, causing the telescopic power unit and the specimen rod to rotate about the axis. This design allows the specimen rod to simulate rock breaking along a preset trajectory at any point along the outer diameter of the simulated cutter. It also introduces complex control parameters such as the cutter's initial angle, enhancing experimental flexibility and accuracy.

[0046] This significantly enhances the simulation capabilities and control accuracy of the experiment, facilitating a more comprehensive study of the rock-breaking mechanism of the cutter and providing strong support for related engineering design and optimization. Furthermore, the compact structure and ingenious design enhance the overall stability and durability of the equipment.

[0047] In this embodiment, the rotational motion part 5 is provided with a torque sensor for detecting the torque of the rotating shaft 52; the telescopic power part 3 is provided with a first load sensor for detecting the telescopic load; and the translational motion part 4 is provided with a second load sensor for detecting the translational push load.

[0048] Among them, torque sensors, also known as moment sensors, torsion sensors, torque sensors, torque meters, etc., are of various types. Taking the non-contact torque sensor as an example, it is connected between the input shaft and the output shaft, with splines on the input shaft and keyways on the output shaft. When the input shaft drives the output shaft through the torque sensor body and is twisted by the torque, the relative position between the splines on the input shaft and the keyways on the output shaft is changed. The change in relative displacement of the splines and keyways is equal to the twisting amount of the torsion bar, which causes the magnetic induction intensity on the splines to change. The change in magnetic induction intensity is converted into a voltage signal through the coil, thereby detecting the torque. In this embodiment, the torque sensor can be set at the coupling between the reducer and the rotating shaft 52, such as Figure 3 As shown, the torque sensor is located in the reaction cylinder 533 and can detect the interaction between the rock sample and the specimen rod 2.

[0049] Among them, the first load sensor and the second load sensor are both axial load sensors, which are used to measure and detect the force exerted on the object in the axial direction and convert it into a processable electrical signal. Taking the second load sensor as an example, Figure 6 As shown, in order to detect the thrust of the translational force source 41 on the member rod 2 along the X-axis direction, a second load sensor can be set at the connection interface between the output shaft of the translational force source 41 and the movable mounting frame 53, thereby detecting the thrust or pull of the output shaft of the translational force source 41 on the movable mounting frame 53.

[0050] Sensors play a key role in rock-breaking tests, providing detailed mechanical data by precisely measuring the torque of the rotating shaft, the telescopic load, and the translational push load. The torque sensor monitors the interaction between the rock specimen and the specimen rod, while the primary and secondary load sensors monitor the axial load changes during the telescopic and translational processes, respectively. This real-time, accurate data not only improves the accuracy and reliability of the tests but also provides a scientific basis for analyzing rock-breaking mechanisms and optimizing equipment design, significantly enhancing the scientific research value and application effectiveness of rock-breaking tests.

[0051] In this embodiment, the side shell 12 is constructed of a material that can be seen through X-rays. This material significantly enhances the observation capabilities of the rock-breaking test with the roller cutter. During the rock-breaking process, X-rays can easily penetrate the side shell, capturing key information such as the generation, propagation direction, and depth of internal cracks in the rock, providing researchers with intuitive and detailed dynamic images of rock failure. This design not only enhances the accuracy and comprehensiveness of test data but also accelerates research into rock-breaking mechanisms, providing invaluable insights into improving rock-breaking efficiency and optimizing cutter design.

[0052] In this embodiment, the telescopic power unit 3 is an electric telescopic cylinder or a fluid telescopic cylinder; the translational power source 41 is an electric telescopic cylinder or a fluid telescopic cylinder. Of course, a screw thread or other mechanism can also be used to achieve telescopic or translation.

[0053] This embodiment is an embodiment of a system that uses a plurality of cutter teeth to simulate the rock breaking process of a roller cutter. Figure 7 , including a device as described above for simulating a rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth; Also includes an X-ray machine 8 and a hydraulic system; The X-ray machine 8 is directed toward the rock fixing assembly 1 to identify cracks formed during the rolling process of the rock; The hydraulic source of the hydraulic system is connected to the first hydraulic hole 14 and the second hydraulic hole 15, applying side pressure and bottom pressure to the rock sample 6 respectively. The hydraulic system provides driving force for the telescopic cylinder and also provides simulated surrounding rock environment pressure to the side and bottom surfaces of the rock sample 6.

[0054] This system integrates electric or fluid telescopic cylinders, an X-ray machine, and a hydraulic system to accurately simulate the rock-breaking process of a large-scale roller cutter using a small specimen. The X-ray machine monitors crack changes in real time, enhancing the intuitiveness and accuracy of the test data. The hydraulic system not only drives the telescopic cylinders but also simulates the actual rock stress environment, enhancing the authenticity and reliability of the test. This system effectively reduces research costs and accelerates the development of rock-breaking technology.

[0055] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art, can produce beneficial technical effects, and has significant progress.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth, characterized in that: include: A rock fixing assembly (1), a specimen rod (2), a telescopic power unit (3) and a translational motion unit (4); The head end of the test rod (2) is provided with detachable cutting teeth, the tail end of the test rod (2) is connected to the output shaft end of the telescopic power part (3), and the axes of the test rod (2) and the telescopic power part (3) coincide with each other, and the direction of the telescopic axis is defined as the first axis; The shell of the telescopic power part (3) is connected to the output shaft of the translation motion part (4), and the translation motion part (4) drives the telescopic power part (3) to translate, and the direction of the translation axis is defined as the second axis; The rock fixing assembly (1) is arranged in the head end direction of the specimen rod (2), the first axis and the second axis form a working plane of the specimen rod (2), the first axis points to the rock surface, and the second axis is parallel to the rock surface.

2. A device for simulating a rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rock fixing assembly (1) comprises a base (11), a side shell (12) and a top cover (13); The side shell (12) and the base (11) are connected to form a cavity with an open top, the cavity being used to place a rock sample (6), the top cover (13) being detachably arranged on the top of the side shell (12), the top cover (13) pressing the top of the rock sample (6), the top cover (13) being provided with a through area, the head end of the specimen rod (2) passing through the through area to contact the rock sample (6).

3. A device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A side gap (71) is left around the rock sample (6) and the side shell (12); The shell of the rock fixing component (1) is provided with a penetrating first hydraulic hole (14), and an outlet of the first hydraulic hole (14) in the rock fixing component (1) is located within the range of the side gap (71).

4. A device for simulating a rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (11) is provided with a raised cavity, a slidably fitted piston (16) is provided in the raised cavity, a bottom gap (72) is formed between the bottom of the piston (16) and the raised cavity, and the top of the piston (16) bears the rock sample (6); The base (11) is provided with a penetrating second hydraulic hole (15), and an outlet of the second hydraulic hole (15) in the rock fixing assembly (1) is located within the range of the bottom gap (72).

5. A device for simulating a rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The contact area between the top of the rock sample (6) and the top cover (13), the periphery of the rock sample (6), and the contact area between the bottom of the rock sample (6) and the piston (16) are provided with sealing layers connected to form an integral whole.

6. The device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotational motion unit (5); The rotary motion part (5) comprises a rotary power source (51), a rotary shaft (52) and a movable mounting frame (53); The rotating shaft (52) is driven by the rotating power source (51), both ends of the rotating shaft (52) are rotatably connected to the movable mounting frame (53), the housing of the telescopic power unit (3) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (52), and the rotating plane of the telescopic power unit (3) coincides with the working plane; The translational motion part (4) comprises a translational power source (41) and a fixed mounting frame (42), the movable mounting frame (53) is slidably mounted on the fixed mounting frame (42), and the translational power source (41) pushes the movable mounting frame (53) to slide along the second axis.

7. A device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The rotary motion part (5) is provided with a torque sensor for detecting the torque of the rotary shaft (52); The telescopic power unit (3) is provided with a first load sensor for detecting the telescopic load; The translation motion part (4) is provided with a second load sensor for detecting the translation push load.

8. The device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The side shell (12) is made of a material that can be seen through X-rays.

9. The device for simulating the rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic power unit (3) is an electric telescopic cylinder or a fluid telescopic cylinder; The translational power source (41) is an electric telescopic cylinder or a fluid telescopic cylinder.

10. A system using a plurality of cutter teeth to simulate the rock breaking process of a roller cutter, characterized in that: A device for simulating a rock breaking process of a roller cutter using a plurality of cutter teeth as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; Also includes an X-ray machine (8) and a hydraulic system; The photographing direction of the X-ray machine (8) is toward the rock fixing assembly (1); The hydraulic source of the hydraulic system is connected to the first hydraulic hole (14) and the second hydraulic hole (15), and applies side pressure and bottom pressure to the rock sample (6) respectively.

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