Radial tire in-place pressure prediction method and system and computer program product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tire simulation design, in particular to a radial tire in-place pressure prediction method and system and a computer program product. According to the method, a simplified axial symmetry calculation model is established, a reinforcing unit is used for representing a tire material structure, and an automatic termination technology is combined, so that the in-position air pressure when a tire bead climbs over a rim convex peak is accurately predicted. The method comprises the steps of model establishment, tire bead contraction state calculation, pre-inflation calculation, inflation analysis, pressure judgment and the like, and the acceptability of in-place pressure is evaluated through an admissible rate. The calculation efficiency is remarkably improved, the prediction result is accurate and reliable, operation is easy and convenient, and the method is suitable for rapid design and optimization of tires of various specifications. Compared with a traditional method, the calculation time of the method is shortened from several hours to about 11 minutes, resources are remarkably saved, scientific design guidance is provided, and the method is suitable for the field of tire design and assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tire simulation design, and in particular to a method, system and computer program product for predicting radial tire seating pressure. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of modern vehicles, the assembly quality and safety of radial tires directly affect the performance and driving safety of vehicles. During the assembly of tires and rims, the tire bead needs to climb over the rim base peak during inflation to complete the sealing match with the rim. This assembly process is of great significance to tire design and manufacturing. Reasonable seating pressure can not only ensure that the tire bead climbs over the rim peak smoothly and safely during assembly, but also ensure that the tire maintains stability under high load or sharp turns.

[0003] At present, there are two main methods for evaluating tire pressure: 1. Experimental method: Evaluate the in-situ pressure by manufacturing and testing actual tire samples. This method requires a series of complex processes such as mold development, molding, vulcanization, and inflation testing. It is not only costly and time-consuming, but also not conducive to rapid feedback and optimization in the tire design process.

[0004] 2. Numerical simulation method: Use three-dimensional finite element modeling technology to simulate the assembly process of the tire bead and rim. Although this method can accurately describe the assembly behavior of the tire, its model is complex, the calculation process consumes a lot of time and resources, and it usually requires repeated editing and adjustment of the three-dimensional model, making it difficult to quickly obtain accurate seating pressure.

[0005] The above methods have many shortcomings in practical applications: the experimental method has a long cycle and high cost, and cannot meet the needs of rapid design iteration; although the Chinese invention patents applied by the applicant (such as Patent 2021116135564, Patent 2022100923567 and Patent 2022105620611) have proposed several simulation analysis methods for tire performance, the three-dimensional finite element method can reduce the dependence on some physical experiments, but the calculation time is long, the model complexity is high, and the requirements for computing resources are high, and the convenience of actual engineering application is poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more efficient, accurate and easy-to-implement technical method to predict the tire pressure in place and quickly feed it back to the design link.

[0006] In addition, a reasonable seating pressure is particularly important for tire safety and assembly quality. If the seating pressure is too low, the tire bead may roll over the rim convex peak at low pressure, causing the tire bead to slip or fall off during high-speed driving, sharp turns or violent maneuvers, which seriously threatens driving safety; while too high seating pressure may cause assembly equipment to get stuck, inflation to fail, and even cause unnecessary damage to the tire and rim. Therefore, developing a simple, efficient and low-resource tire seating pressure prediction method is of great significance for improving tire design efficiency, optimizing tire structural design and ensuring driving safety. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for predicting the radial tire in-place pressure based on an axisymmetric calculation model. By simplifying the calculation model and introducing automatic termination technology, fast and accurate in-place pressure prediction is achieved, which significantly improves the calculation efficiency and saves calculation resources, providing scientific design guidance for tire design engineers.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for predicting radial tire seating pressure, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) Establish an axisymmetric calculation model: The tire material distribution map is meshed, where the crown band, belt, carcass and other parts containing reinforcement materials are axisymmetric quadrilateral units, and the axisymmetric reinforcement unit is used to characterize the reinforcement structure. The center points of the left and right bead rings of the rim are set as displacement action points, the outer surface of the bead is set as the contact surface with the rim, and the inner surface of the inner liner is the air pressure action surface. The rim with a peak circumference of D is established using axisymmetric rigid body units, and the inner surface of the rim is set as the contact surface and its contact properties; 2) Calculation of tire bead shrinkage state: The contact between the tire bead and the rim is released, and the tire bead is completely inserted into the rim and passes over the rim base convex peak by applying displacement, and the tire bead contraction state is calculated using a finite element program; 3) Bead pre-inflation calculation: On the basis of step 2), the contact between the tire bead and the rim is activated, and the displacement constraints of the center points of the left and right wire rings are released at the same time, so that the tire bead is restored to a balanced state, and the calculation of the tire pre-inflation state is completed using a finite element program; 4) Inflation analysis: Set the duration of the inflation analysis step to T and the tire inflation pressure to P i , linearly apply air pressure load, when the tire bead turns over the convex peak of the rim base until the absolute value of the Y direction coordinate reaches the limit value Y p When , the program terminates the calculation; 5) Calculation of in-situ air pressure: Extract the end time t from the calculation result of step 4) and calculate the tire's in-place pressure P e =t×P i / T; 6) Judging stress acceptability: According to the seating pressure P e And the standard inflation pressure value P, calculate the allowable rate N=P e / P×100%, and judge the acceptability of the seating pressure based on whether the value of N is within the range of 30%-80%.

[0009] As a preference, in step 1), the Y-direction coordinate value of the highest point of the convex peak on one side of the rim base is set to be Y p Used to determine the conditions for terminating calculations.

[0010] Preferably, in step 4), an automatic termination technique is used to determine the time t when the tire bead passes over the rim base peak, so as to improve calculation efficiency and accuracy.

[0011] Preferably, the standard inflation pressure value P selected in step 6) according to different tire specifications is used to calculate the allowable rate N and evaluate the rationality of the tire design.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a radial tire in-place pressure prediction system, wherein the system implements the method described, including: Model building module, used to mesh tire materials, set axisymmetric units, reinforcement units, rim contact surfaces, and air pressure action surfaces; Bead contraction calculation module, used to release the contact between the bead and the rim, and simulate the state where the bead completely enters the rim and passes over the convex peak of the rim base by applying displacement; The pre-inflation calculation module is used to activate the contact relationship between the tire bead and the rim and release the displacement constraint to simulate the tire bead restoring its equilibrium state; Inflation analysis module, used to apply linear air pressure load and determine the state of the tire bead when it rolls over the rim peak through the termination condition; Pressure calculation module, used to extract the end time t and calculate the in-situ pressure P e ; The judging module is used to calculate the allowable rate N and judge the acceptability of the seating pressure according to its value.

[0013] Preferably, the model building module uses an axisymmetric rigid body unit to represent the rim, and the rim peak circumference D and the Y-direction coordinate value Yp can be adjusted according to the tire specifications.

[0014] Preferably, the tire bead shrinkage calculation module and the inflation analysis module are integrated through a finite element program to achieve automatic termination of calculation and rapid pressure prediction; the evaluation module outputs optimization suggestions for tire design based on the calculation results of the allowable rate N.

[0015] Preferably, the air pressure load curve set by the inflation analysis module is a linear curve, and the loading time T can be adjusted to suit different tire specifications; the pressure calculation module extracts the time t for the tire bead to cross the rim base peak through automatic termination technology to improve the accuracy of pressure calculation.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, and the method is implemented when the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, which implement the method when executed by a processor.

[0018] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, simplifies the calculation model and introduces the automatic termination technology, realizes fast and accurate prediction of the in-place air pressure, significantly improves the calculation efficiency and saves the calculation resources, and provides scientific design guidance for tire design engineers. The specific beneficial effects include the following: 1. Significantly improved computing efficiency: The present invention adopts an axisymmetric calculation model, and the number of units is controlled within several thousand, which greatly simplifies the calculation model and avoids the complexity of the traditional three-dimensional finite element model.

[0019] Compared with the three-dimensional finite element method, which requires about 492 minutes of calculation time, this method only takes about 11 minutes to complete, significantly shortening the calculation time and making rapid iteration of tire design possible.

[0020] 2. Resource consumption is greatly reduced: The present invention adopts simplified axisymmetric modeling technology, and the computing resource requirements are much lower than those of the three-dimensional modeling method, which reduces hardware costs and energy consumption, making it more suitable for large-scale applications.

[0021] 3. High accuracy of prediction results: The introduction of automatic termination technology can accurately capture the critical moment when the tire bead rolls over the convex peak of the rim base, thereby accurately calculating the tire's seating pressure, overcoming the shortcoming of traditional methods that it is difficult to directly obtain accurate seating pressure.

[0022] 4. The evaluation mechanism is scientific and reliable: It provides an evaluation standard based on the allowable rate NNN (30%-80%), which can scientifically and reasonably determine whether the tire's seating pressure meets the design requirements, and provide clear guidance for tire design and assembly.

[0023] 5. Simple operation and easy implementation: The model building and calculation process is intuitive and concise, without the need for complex editing and adjustment of the 3D model. Engineers can quickly get started and apply it to actual projects.

[0024] 6. Efficient feedback for design optimization: By quickly predicting the seated pressure, this method can be directly fed back to the tire design process to guide engineers to optimize the tire bead structure design, thereby shortening the development cycle and improving the design quality.

[0025] 7. Wide applicability: The present invention is applicable to radial tires of different specifications, and can meet various tire design requirements by adjusting rim parameters (such as convex peak circumference and height) and standard inflation pressure values.

[0026] 8. Improved safety and economy: Reasonable prediction and optimization of tire seating pressure can avoid problems such as tire slippage, tire falling off, and equipment jamming caused by too low or too high seating pressure, thereby improving vehicle driving safety and reducing manufacturing costs and assembly risks.

[0027] In summary, the present invention provides a scientific, efficient and low-cost solution for radial tire design and assembly by simplifying the calculation model, improving calculation efficiency and accurately predicting the seated air pressure, and has significant technological advancement and engineering practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the axisymmetric tire and rim and the global coordinate system; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rim convex peak and the highest point of the convex peak; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the tire bead contraction state; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the state of pre-inflating a tire; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tire bead completely crossing the rim base flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The radial tire in-place pressure prediction method of the present invention realizes fast and accurate in-place pressure prediction by simplifying the calculation model and introducing automatic termination technology, significantly improves the calculation efficiency and saves calculation resources, and provides scientific design guidance for tire design engineers. The steps are: The first step is to divide the tire material distribution map into grids, where the crown band, belt, carcass and other parts containing reinforcement materials are axisymmetric quadrilateral units, and axisymmetric reinforcement units are used to characterize the reinforcement structure. The center points of the left and right wire rings of the rim are set as displacement action points, the outer surface of the tire bead is set as the contact surface with the rim, and the inner surface of the inner liner is set as the air pressure action surface. Use axisymmetric rigid body units to establish a rim with a peak circumference of D, set the inner surface of the rim as the contact surface, and the contact relationship between the rim contact surface and the tire bead and the corresponding contact properties. The Y-direction coordinate value of the highest point of the peak on one side of the rim base is Y p .like Figure 2 As shown, the actual material test parameters of the tire are the linear elastic material parameters and density of the rubber unit and the skeleton unit.

[0031] In the second step, the contact between the tire bead and the rim is first released, and then the center point of the left bead of the rim is displaced upward and to the right, and the center point of the right bead is displaced upward and to the left, until the tire bead completely enters the rim and passes over the convex peak of the rim base. The finite element program is used to complete the calculation of the tire bead contraction state (such as Figure 3 Calculation result diagram).

[0032] In the third step, based on the calculation results of the first step, the contact between the tire bead and the rim is activated and the displacement constraints on the center points of the left and right wire rings are released, so that the tire bead automatically returns to a balanced state. The finite element program is used to complete the tire pre-inflation state calculation (such as Figure 4 Calculation result diagram).

[0033] Step 4: Based on the calculation results of the tire pre-inflation in step 3, set the duration of the inflation analysis step to T and the tire inflation pressure to P. i , and set the amplitude curve to control the pressure load. In this analysis step, the pressure load is applied linearly. In this step, the Abaqus automatic termination calculation technology is used to set the absolute value of the Y direction coordinate of the tire toe point to reach the limit value Y p The program terminates the calculation (such as Figure 5 Calculation result diagram).

[0034] Step 5: Extract the termination time t from the calculation result of step 4 and calculate the tire pressure P using the following formula: e .

[0035]

[0036] Step 6: Judge the acceptability of the tire seating pressure. The tire seating pressure obtained according to the above steps is P e The standard inflation pressure is P (depending on the tire specifications). N is the permissible rate of the seated pressure, and the value range of N is 30%~80%. If the value of N is within the range of 30%~80%, it means that the seated pressure of the tire is acceptable, otherwise it is unacceptable.

[0037] The above steps can quickly complete the calculation of radial tire seating pressure prediction and evaluation criteria.

[0038] Taking 205 / 55R16 as an example, the specific implementation steps are as follows: The first step is to divide the tire material distribution map into grids, where the crown band, belt, carcass and other parts containing reinforcement materials are axisymmetric quadrilateral units, and the axisymmetric reinforcement unit is used to characterize the reinforcement structure. The center points of the left and right bead rings of the rim are set as the displacement action points, the outer surface of the bead is set as the contact surface with the rim, and the inner surface of the inner liner is set as the air pressure action surface (such as Figure 1 ). Use axisymmetric rigid body elements to create a rim with a peak circumference of D = 1276 mm, set the inner surface of the rim as the contact surface, and the contact relationship between the rim contact surface and the tire bead and the corresponding contact properties. The Y coordinate value of the highest point of the peak on one side of the rim base is Y p =60.62mm Figure 2 The actual material test parameters of the tire are given linear elastic material parameters and density for the rubber unit and the skeleton unit.

[0039] In the second step, the contact between the tire bead and the rim is first released, and then the center point of the left bead of the rim is displaced upward and to the right, and the center point of the right bead is displaced upward and to the left, until the tire bead completely enters the rim and completely passes over the rim base convex peak. The tire bead contraction state is calculated using the finite element program (e.g. Figure 3 ).

[0040] In the third step, based on the calculation results of the first step, the contact between the tire bead and the rim is activated and the displacement constraints on the center points of the left and right wire rings are released, so that the tire bead automatically returns to a balanced state. The finite element program is used to complete the tire pre-inflation state calculation (such as Figure 4 ).

[0041] Step 4: Based on the calculation results of the tire pre-inflation in step 3, set the duration of the inflation analysis step to T = 1s and the tire inflation pressure to P i=0.25Mpa, and set the amplitude curve to control the air pressure load. In this analysis step, the air pressure load is applied linearly. In this step, the Abaqus automatic termination calculation technology is used to set the tire toe point Y direction coordinate absolute value to reach the limit value Y p =60.62mm, the program terminates the calculation (such as Figure 5 ).

[0042] Step 5: Extract the termination time t=0.5727s from the calculation result of step 4 and calculate the tire pressure P using the following formula: e .

[0043]

[0044] Step 6: Judge the acceptability of the tire seating pressure. The tire seating pressure obtained according to the above steps is P e The standard inflation pressure is P=0.25Mpa (depending on the tire specifications). N is the permissible rate of the seated pressure, and the value range of N is 30%~80%. If the value of N is within the range of 30%~80%, it means that the seated pressure of the tire is acceptable, otherwise it is unacceptable. In this case, N=57.2%, so it is acceptable.

[0045] The above steps can quickly complete the calculation of radial tire seating pressure prediction and evaluation criteria.

[0046] The patented method uses a simple axisymmetric calculation method, with the number of units controlled within a few thousand, which greatly simplifies the calculation model. It takes about 11 minutes to complete the calculation of the in-place pressure, while the calculation time of the in-place pressure of a three-dimensional model of the same specification is about 492 minutes. This method greatly shortens the calculation time and saves computing resources. At the same time, it is difficult to obtain accurate in-place pressure using conventional methods, while the patented method uses automatic termination technology to accurately obtain the time when the tire bead is in place and then calculate the in-place pressure, which improves the calculation efficiency. Table 1 Comparison of time and accuracy of this patented method with other methods.

[0047] Table 1

[0048] The above is a description of the embodiments of the present invention. Through the above description of the disclosed embodiments, professionals and technicians in the field can implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to professionals and technicians in the field. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novelties disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for predicting radial tire seating pressure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Establish an axisymmetric calculation model: The tire material distribution map is meshed, where the crown band, belt, carcass and other parts containing reinforcement materials are axisymmetric quadrilateral units, and the axisymmetric reinforcement unit is used to characterize the reinforcement structure. The center points of the left and right bead rings of the rim are set as displacement action points, the outer surface of the bead is set as the contact surface with the rim, and the inner surface of the inner liner is the air pressure action surface. The rim with a peak circumference of D is established using axisymmetric rigid body units, and the inner surface of the rim is set as the contact surface and its contact properties; 2) Calculation of tire bead shrinkage state: The contact between the tire bead and the rim is released, and the tire bead is completely inserted into the rim and passes over the rim base convex peak by applying displacement, and the tire bead contraction state is calculated using a finite element program; 3) Bead pre-inflation calculation: On the basis of step 2), the contact between the tire bead and the rim is activated, and the displacement constraints of the center points of the left and right wire rings are released at the same time, so that the tire bead is restored to a balanced state, and the calculation of the tire pre-inflation state is completed using a finite element program; 4) Inflation analysis: Set the duration of the inflation analysis step to T and the tire inflation pressure to P i , linearly apply air pressure load, when the tire bead turns over the convex peak of the rim base until the absolute value of the Y direction coordinate reaches the limit value Y p When , the program terminates the calculation; 5) Calculation of in-situ air pressure: Extract the end time t from the calculation result of step 4) and calculate the tire's in-place pressure P e =t×P i / T; 6) Judging stress acceptability: According to the seating pressure P e And the standard inflation pressure value P, calculate the allowable rate N=P e / P×100%, and judge the acceptability of the seating pressure based on whether the value of N is within the range of 30%-80%.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the Y coordinate value of the highest point of the convex peak on one side of the rim base is set to Y p Used to determine the conditions for terminating calculations.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 4), the automatic termination technology is used to determine the time t when the tire bead goes over the rim base peak to improve the calculation efficiency and accuracy.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6), the standard inflation pressure value P selected according to different tire specifications is used to calculate the allowable rate N and evaluate the rationality of the tire design.

5. A radial tire in-place pressure prediction system, characterized in that: The system implements the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4, including: Model building module, used to mesh tire materials, set axisymmetric units, reinforcement units, rim contact surfaces, and air pressure action surfaces; Bead contraction calculation module, used to release the contact between the bead and the rim, and simulate the state where the bead completely enters the rim and passes over the convex peak of the rim base by applying displacement; The pre-inflation calculation module is used to activate the contact relationship between the tire bead and the rim and release the displacement constraint to simulate the tire bead restoring its equilibrium state; Inflation analysis module, used to apply linear air pressure load and determine the state of the tire bead when it rolls over the rim peak through the termination condition; Pressure calculation module, used to extract the end time t and calculate the in-situ pressure P e ; The judging module is used to calculate the allowable rate N and judge the acceptability of the seating pressure according to its value.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The model building module uses axisymmetric rigid body units to represent the rim, the rim peak circumference D and the Y direction coordinate value Y p Both can be adjusted according to tire specifications.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The tire bead shrinkage calculation module and the inflation analysis module are integrated through the finite element program to achieve automatic termination of calculation and rapid pressure prediction; the evaluation module outputs optimization suggestions for tire design based on the calculation results of the allowable rate N.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The air pressure load curve set by the inflation analysis module is a linear curve, and the loading time T can be adjusted to adapt to different tire specifications; the pressure calculation module extracts the time t for the tire bead to cross the rim base peak through automatic termination technology to improve the accuracy of pressure calculation.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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