Excitation fuse and electronic circuit

Abstract

The invention provides an excitation fuse and an electronic circuit, and the fuse comprises a housing which is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity and at least one arc extinguishing cavity, a first conductive part which serves as a current input end and is disposed in the first cavity, and a second conductive part which serves as a current output end and is disposed in the second cavity. The metal melt is provided with at least one fusing part; two ends of the metal melt respectively penetrate into the first cavity and the second cavity to be connected with the first conductive part and the second conductive part; each arc extinguishing cavity comprises an arc extinguishing cavity and at least one exhaust groove which penetrates through the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity and is communicated with the first cavity or the second cavity; the at least one fusing part is arranged in the at least one arc extinguishing cavity, and the two ends of the metal melt penetrate out of the at least one exhaust groove; the arc extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc extinguishing medium wrapping the fusing part; and when the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact piece is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the metal melt, so that the fusing part of the metal melt is broken.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of emergency protection devices, and specifically relates to an excitation fuse and an electronic circuit. Background Art

[0002] At present, the structure of the excitation fuse on the market mainly includes a gas generating device, a conductive component and various arc extinguishing structures. When an abnormality occurs in the equipment, the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive the piston to break the conductive component and extinguish the arc through the arc extinguishing structure.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the arc extinguishing structure is generally a closed space, and the arc extinguishing filler in the arc extinguishing structure tightly wraps the molten metal. When the circuit voltage is too high, the arc extinguishing filler decomposes at high temperature, causing the arc extinguishing structure to generate high pressure, and there is a risk of explosion due to excessive pressure inside the chamber, resulting in the inability to safely cut off the circuit current. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an excitation fuse and an electronic circuit to reduce the pressure in an arc extinguishing cavity to safely switch the circuit current.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an excitation fuse, comprising a housing, an impact member, a first conductive component, a second conductive component and a metal melt;

[0006] The housing is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first conductive component is provided in the first cavity as a current input end, and the second conductive component is provided in the second cavity as a current output end;

[0007] One end of the metal melt penetrates into the first cavity and is connected to the first conductive component, and the other end of the metal melt penetrates into the second cavity and is connected to the second conductive component;

[0008] At least one arc extinguishing cavity is also provided in the housing, each of the arc extinguishing cavities comprises an arc extinguishing cavity and at least one exhaust groove, and the at least one exhaust groove penetrates the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity and communicates with the first cavity or the second cavity;

[0009] At least one fuse part of the metal melt is arranged in the at least one arc extinguishing cavity, and both ends of the metal melt pass through the at least one exhaust groove; the arc extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, and the arc extinguishing medium wraps the fuse part of the metal melt in the arc extinguishing cavity, and each of the fuse parts is provided with at least one fuse point;

[0010] When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal, so that the fuse portion of the molten metal breaks.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic circuit, comprising the excitation fuse described in the first aspect.

[0012] It can be seen that in the present application, a first cavity, a second cavity and at least one arc-extinguishing cavity are firstly arranged in the shell, and then the first conductive component is arranged in the first cavity as a current input end, and the second conductive component is arranged in the second cavity as a current output end, and at the same time, the two ends of the metal melt are respectively connected to the first conductive component in the first cavity and the second conductive component in the second cavity, and an exhaust groove is arranged in each arc-extinguishing cavity. Finally, at least one arc-extinguishing cavity is respectively wrapped on at least one fuse part of the metal melt. When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the metal melt, so that the fuse part of the metal melt breaks to generate an arc and heats up, so that the arc-extinguishing medium is decomposed by heat to generate arc-extinguishing gas to blow out the arc, thereby achieving the effect of arc extinguishing. At the same time, the arc-extinguishing gas can be exhausted through the exhaust groove when blowing the arc, so that the pressure in the arc-extinguishing cavity is maintained within a preset range, thereby reducing the risk of explosion of the arc-extinguishing cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first excitation fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mold provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a second excitation fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a third excitation fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth excitation fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc extinguishing cavity provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a fifth excitation fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products or devices.

[0024] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] The following is an introduction to the relevant terms involved in this application.

[0026] Excitation fuse: a new type of fuse, which mainly uses electrical signals to trigger the excitation device and release the stored energy to quickly cut off the circuit for circuit protection. Compared with traditional fuses, excitation fuses have the advantages of strong current carrying capacity, small size, high sensitivity, low power consumption, safety and controllability. Excitation fuses are suitable for high voltage and high power circuits and have broad application prospects in the field of new energy vehicles.

[0027] At present, the structure of the excitation fuse on the market mainly includes a gas generating device, a conductive component and various arc extinguishing structures. When an abnormality occurs in the equipment, the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive the piston to break the conductive component and extinguish the arc through the arc extinguishing structure.

[0028] However, in the prior art, the arc extinguishing structure is generally a closed space, and the arc extinguishing filler in the arc extinguishing structure tightly wraps the molten metal. When the circuit voltage is too high, the arc extinguishing filler decomposes at high temperature, causing the arc extinguishing structure to generate high pressure, and there is a risk of explosion due to excessive pressure inside the chamber, resulting in the inability to safely cut off the circuit current.

[0029] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides an excitation fuse. The excitation fuse can be applied to the scenario of circuit overcurrent protection. A first cavity, a second cavity and at least one arc extinguishing cavity can be set in the shell, and then the first conductive component is set in the first cavity as the current input end, and the second conductive component is set in the second cavity as the current output end, and the two ends of the metal melt are respectively connected to the first conductive component in the first cavity and the second conductive component in the second cavity, and an exhaust groove is set in each arc extinguishing cavity. Finally, at least one arc extinguishing cavity is respectively wrapped on at least one fuse part of the metal melt. When the current is greater than or equal to the preset value, the impact member is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the metal melt, so that the fuse part of the metal melt breaks to generate an arc and heats up, so that the arc extinguishing medium is decomposed by heat to generate arc extinguishing gas to blow out the arc, thereby achieving the effect of arc extinguishing. At the same time, when the arc extinguishing gas blows the arc, it can be exhausted through the exhaust groove, so that the pressure in the arc extinguishing cavity is maintained within a preset range, reducing the risk of explosion of the arc extinguishing cavity. This scheme can be applied to a variety of scenarios, including but not limited to the application scenarios mentioned above.

[0030] The specific excitation fuse is introduced in detail below.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The present application provides an excitation fuse, comprising a shell 10, an impact piece 70, a first conductive component 20, a second conductive component 40 and a metal melt 30; the shell 10 is provided with a first cavity 50-1 and a second cavity 50-2, the first conductive component 20 is arranged in the first cavity 50-1 as a current input end; the second conductive component 40 is arranged in the second cavity 50-2 as a current output end; one end of the metal melt 30 penetrates into the first cavity 50-1 and is connected to the first conductive component 20, and the other end of the metal melt 30 penetrates into the second cavity 50-2 and is connected to the second conductive component 40; the shell 10 is also provided with at least one arc extinguishing cavity (such as Figure 1 The first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 in the Figure 4The arc extinguishing chamber comprises a first arc extinguishing chamber 60-1 and a second arc extinguishing chamber 60-2, each of the arc extinguishing chambers comprising an arc extinguishing chamber and at least one exhaust groove, the at least one exhaust groove penetrates the chamber wall of the arc extinguishing chamber and is connected with the first chamber 50-1 or the second chamber 50-2; at least one fuse of the metal melt 30 is arranged in the at least one arc extinguishing chamber, and both ends of the metal melt 30 pass through the at least one exhaust groove; the arc extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, the arc extinguishing medium wraps the fuse of the metal melt 30 in the arc extinguishing chamber, and each of the fuses is provided with at least one fuse point; when the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member 70 is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the metal melt 30, so that the fuse of the metal melt 30 breaks.

[0032] The size of the cavity of the first cavity 50-1 is adapted to the first conductive component 20, and the size of the cavity of the second cavity 50-2 is adapted to the second conductive component 40. When the first conductive component 20 and the second conductive component 40 are arranged in the first cavity 50-1 and the second cavity 50-2, part of the conductors of the first conductive component 20 and the second conductive component 40 can be exposed outside the first cavity 50-1 and the second cavity 50-2 so as to be connected to an external circuit or power supply.

[0033] In addition, both the first cavity 50-1 and the second cavity 50-2 can be connected to the arc extinguishing cavity, so that the two ends of the metal melt 30 can be connected in series between the first conductive component 20 and the second conductive component 40, so that the external current can form a conductive loop with the external circuit or power supply through the internal excitation fuse product.

[0034] In a specific implementation, the arc extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, and an exhaust groove is provided on the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity. The arc extinguishing medium is made of at least one of gas-generating materials such as polyamide resin, poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide), and melamine. The arc extinguishing cavity is connected to the first cavity 50-1 or the second cavity 50-2 through the exhaust groove, and the metal melt 30 enters the first cavity 50-1 or the second cavity 50-2 from the exhaust groove and is connected to the first conductive component 20 or the second conductive component 40. When the current increases, the temperature of the fuse part of the metal melt 30 increases. When the temperature reaches the melting temperature, the arc extinguishing medium around the fuse part will be decomposed and vaporized to produce arc extinguishing gas, which extinguishes the arc generated by the melting of the fuse part. After the arc extinguishing gas blows the arc, it can be discharged from the exhaust groove to reduce the pressure inside the arc extinguishing cavity and reduce the explosion probability of the arc extinguishing cavity.

[0035] The arc extinguishing medium is filled as Figure 2As shown, first, arc extinguishing materials such as quartz sand and silicone resin powder are added to a binder and mixed and granulated, and then filled into a first mold 64 and a second mold 65 of the same shape and size as the half-sheet arc extinguishing cavity, and then cured at high temperature to obtain a preformed arc extinguishing medium block. Take two identical preformed arc extinguishing medium blocks and put them into the half-sheet arc extinguishing cavity of the same size, respectively, and then place the two half-sheet arc extinguishing cavities on both sides of the fuse 311 in the first melt, the second melt or the third melt, clamp the corresponding fuse 311, and fasten with bolts to obtain a complete arc extinguishing cavity structure filled with arc extinguishing medium.

[0036] In one possible embodiment, at least one melting point is provided in each arc extinguishing cavity, that is, one melting point or multiple melting points can be provided in the arc extinguishing cavity. In a specific implementation, in a preferred embodiment, only one arc extinguishing cavity is provided on the metal melt 30, and only one predicted melting point is provided, so that the melting position can be controlled more accurately. In an ideal state, the metal melt 30 melts only at the melting point. It is also possible to provide multiple melting points in one arc extinguishing cavity, which is conducive to increasing the melting speed of the metal melt 30.

[0037] In a possible embodiment, the shell 10 also includes an active groove, and the impact member 70 is arranged in the active groove; when the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member 70 is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the metal melt 30 along the active groove to break the fuse part of the metal melt 30.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the excitation fuse includes a gas generating device. When the current in the circuit is too large, the gas generating device receives an excitation signal, and then generates an impact force according to the excitation signal to drive the impact member 70 to impact the metal melt 30 along the movable groove, so as to apply an impact force to the metal melt 30. Since the fuse part is in a high temperature state at this time, it is easier to be broken by the impact force, and finally the metal melt 30 is disconnected from the position of the fuse part. The additional impact force can make the fuse part disconnect faster, thereby improving the breaking capacity.

[0039] In a possible embodiment, the excitation fuse also includes a third cavity 80, the arc extinguishing cavity is arranged in the third cavity 80, the metal melt 30 includes a first melt 31, a second melt 32 and a third melt 33 connected in sequence, and the at least one arc extinguishing cavity is distributed on the first melt 31, the second melt 32 and the third melt 33.

[0040] In a specific implementation, the excitation fuse is provided with a third cavity 80, and the molten metal 30 passes through the first cavity 50-1, the arc extinguishing cavity, the third cavity 80 and the second cavity 50-2 respectively, that is, the third cavity 80 is connected with the arc extinguishing cavity and / or the second cavity 50-2. When only one arc extinguishing cavity is provided, the third cavity 80 is connected with the arc extinguishing cavity and the second cavity 50-2, and when multiple arc extinguishing cavities are provided, the third cavity 80 is connected with multiple arc extinguishing cavities respectively, so that the arc extinguishing cavity can be exhausted into the third cavity 80 through the exhaust groove, thereby reducing the pressure in the arc extinguishing cavity. The internal space of the third cavity 80 is much larger than the first cavity 50-1, the second cavity 50-2 and the arc extinguishing cavity.

[0041] Among them, the third melt 33 in the metal melt 30 is arranged in the third cavity 80, and the third cavity 80 is arranged at the connecting port between the third cavity 80 and the movable groove, so that the impact piece 70 can accurately hit the third melt 33 along the movable groove. Since there is a moving space size in the third cavity 80, the impact piece 70 has enough stroke to apply impact force to the third melt 33, and finally hits the third melt 33 to the opposite side of the connecting port in the third cavity 80 to ensure that the fuse part of the metal melt 30 is pulled apart.

[0042] In a possible embodiment, as shown in the figure, the metal melt 30 is bent into an unsealed rectangle with only three rectangular sides, which are the first melt 31, the second melt 32 and the third melt 33. In addition, the third melt 33 can also be arc-shaped, so that the metal melt 30 is U-shaped as a whole. A groove matching the impact shape can also be provided on the third melt 33, so that when the impact member 70 impacts the third melt 33, the impact force can be ensured not to be dispersed through the groove, thereby improving the impact effect.

[0043] In a possible embodiment, an exhaust hole may also be provided in the third cavity 80 so that the gas exhausted from the arc extinguishing cavity can be exhausted from the excitation fuse to reduce the pressure in the third cavity 80 .

[0044] In a possible embodiment, when there is at least one arc extinguishing cavity, it can be arranged on any one of the first melt 31, the second melt 32 and the third melt 33. Figure 1As shown, taking the arc extinguishing cavity being set on the first melt 31 as an example, assuming that at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove 61-1 and a second exhaust groove 62-1, the first melt 31 passes through the first exhaust groove 61-1, leaving the fused portion on the first melt 31 in the arc extinguishing cavity, and passes through the second exhaust groove 62-1 and then enters the first cavity 50-1 to connect with the first conductive component 20. Since the second melt 32 and the first melt 31 are in a symmetrical relationship, the arc extinguishing cavity is set on the second melt 32 similarly to that on the first melt 31, and no further description is given here.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, when the arc extinguishing cavity is arranged on the third melt 33, the first end of the third melt 33 is connected to the first melt 31; the second end of the third melt 33 passes through the first exhaust groove, then passes through the second exhaust groove, and is blocked at the connecting port between the third cavity 80 and the movable groove, and finally connected to the second melt 32. The outer side of the cavity wall where the second exhaust groove of the arc extinguishing cavity is located is in close contact with the outer side of the cavity wall of the movable groove.

[0046] The position of the arc extinguishing cavity is described below by taking two arc extinguishing cavities as an example.

[0047] In one possible embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, at least one arc extinguishing cavity includes a first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 and a second arc extinguishing cavity 60-2, a first fuse part is arranged on the first melt 31, and a second fuse part is arranged on the second melt 32; the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 is arranged on the first melt 31 and wraps the first fuse part; the second cavity 50-2 is arranged on the second melt 32 and wraps the second fuse part; one end of the metal melt 30 passes through the exhaust groove of the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 in sequence, and penetrates into the first cavity 50-1 to be connected with the first conductive component 20; the other end of the metal melt 30 passes through the exhaust groove of the second arc extinguishing cavity 60-2 in sequence, and penetrates into the second cavity 50-2 to be connected with the second conductive component 40.

[0048] In a specific implementation, when two arc extinguishing cavities (i.e., the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 and the second arc extinguishing cavity 60-2) are provided, the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 includes at least one exhaust groove (e.g., Figure 4 The second arc extinguishing cavity includes at least one exhaust groove (such as Figure 4 Two exhaust grooves, the third exhaust groove 61-2 and the fourth exhaust groove 62-2).

[0049] The first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 and the second arc extinguishing cavity 60-2 are respectively arranged on the symmetrical first melt 31 and the second melt 32 (the specific arrangement has been described above and will not be repeated here), and the two ends of the third melt 33 are respectively connected to the first melt 31 and the second melt 32, and the third melt 33 is blocked at the connecting port of the third cavity 80 and the movable groove, so that the impact member 70 can directly hit the third melt 33 along the movable groove. The third cavity 80 is connected to the exhaust grooves of the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 and the second arc extinguishing cavity 60-2, respectively, and the first fuse is arranged on the first melt 31, and the second fuse is arranged on the second melt 32; at this time, the first fuse is wrapped in the first arc extinguishing medium 63-1 of the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1, and the second fuse is wrapped in the second arc extinguishing medium 63-2 of the second arc extinguishing cavity 60-2. When the current exceeds the preset value, at least one of the first fuse part and the second fuse part is melted, and the high temperature vaporizes the arc extinguishing medium in the corresponding arc extinguishing cavity to generate arc extinguishing gas to extinguish the arc generated by the fuse part; further, the arc extinguishing gas is reflected by the guide groove in the exhaust groove to generate reflux gas to enhance the airflow, thereby improving the arc blowing ability of the arc, so as to quickly disperse the electrons and ions in the arc column of the arc, thereby increasing the segmentation speed.

[0050] Furthermore, since the first melt 31 and the second melt 32 are symmetrical to each other, and the first melt 31 and the second melt 32 are perpendicular to the third melt 33, when the impact piece 70 impacts the third melt 33, there will be no other obstacles, and the first fuse part and the second fuse part can be directly pulled off by the third melt 33, thereby increasing the breaking speed. When the impact device impacts the third melt 33, the first fuse part and the second fuse part will be disconnected at the same time or with a slight delay, and move to the lower side of the third cavity 80 together with the impact piece 70.

[0051] It can be seen that in this embodiment, two arc extinguishing cavities are provided, which can improve the fusing effect on the metal melt 30, can quickly respond to large currents, and improve the breaking capacity of the excitation fuse.

[0052] It is understandable that the number of at least one arc extinguishing cavity may be three, four or more, which is not limited here.

[0053] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 5 The exhaust groove includes a guide groove and an exhaust hole, the guide groove includes a slope, the first slope and the second slope are respectively connected to the first hole wall and the second hole wall of the exhaust hole; the first exhaust hole is connected to the first cavity 50-1.

[0054] An example is given in which the arc extinguishing cavity includes two exhaust grooves.

[0055] In a specific implementation, taking the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 as an example, the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 includes a first exhaust groove 61-1 and a second exhaust groove 62-1, the first exhaust groove 61-1 includes a first guide groove 611 and a first exhaust hole 612, the second exhaust groove 62-1 includes a second guide groove 621 and a second exhaust hole 622, the first guide groove 611 includes a first slope 613, and the second guide groove 621 includes a second slope 623.

[0056] The first slope 613 and the second slope 623 are conical in the present embodiment, and respectively form two funnel shapes with the first exhaust hole 612 and the second exhaust hole 622. When the arc extinguishing medium is vaporized at high temperature to produce arc extinguishing gas, the first slope 613 and the second slope 623 are the conical parts of the funnel used to guide the arc extinguishing gas to the first exhaust hole 612 and the second exhaust hole 622, and then exhaust gas can be discharged through the first exhaust hole 612 and the second exhaust hole 622 to reduce the pressure in the arc extinguishing cavity. In addition, when the arc extinguishing gas is respectively guided to the first exhaust hole 612 and the second exhaust hole 622 through the first slope 613 of the first guide groove 611 and the second slope 623 of the second guide groove 621, since the exhaust volume of the first exhaust hole 612 and the second exhaust hole 622 is less than the gas production volume of the arc extinguishing medium, the first slope 613 and the second slope 623 will also rebound part of the arc extinguishing gas to blow the fuse again, strengthen the reflux, and enhance the arc blowing effect. It can be understood that the structure of the second arc extinguishing cavity is the same as that of the first arc extinguishing cavity, and will not be elaborated here.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, when the fuse part melts, the arc extinguishing medium around the fuse part begins to decompose to produce a first airflow, which first blows the arc and flows toward the exhaust groove. When colliding with the first slope or the second slope of the exhaust groove, a first reflux gas is generated. The first reflux gas flows to the fuse part to blow the arc for a second time, so as to enhance the arc blowing effect and improve the breaking capacity.

[0058] It is understandable that one or more exhaust grooves can be set in the arc extinguishing cavity. The more exhaust grooves there are, the better the exhaust and pressure reduction effect will be. However, it will affect the overall structural strength of the arc extinguishing cavity. Therefore, the number of exhaust grooves needs to be controlled according to actual conditions.

[0059] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively arranged on the cavity walls of the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 in the first direction and the second direction, and the first direction is the opposite direction of the second direction.

[0060] In a specific implementation, when two exhaust grooves are provided, the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove can be provided on the cavity wall in the first direction and the second direction respectively. Since the first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions, the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are also two exhaust grooves in opposite positions. In this case, the metal melt 30 can pass through the internal cavity of the arc extinguishing cavity from the first exhaust groove and then pass through the second exhaust groove to enter the first cavity 50-1 or the second cavity 50-2 and connect with the first conductive component 20 or the second conductive component 40.

[0061] It can be seen that in this embodiment, two exhaust slots are provided to exhaust air from two directions, thereby enhancing the pressure reduction efficiency and also enhancing the backflow arc extinguishing effect.

[0062] In a possible embodiment, the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove may be arranged on the same axial plane.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, taking two exhaust grooves as an example, the two exhaust grooves are respectively arranged on two opposite cavity walls of the arc extinguishing cavity. At this time, the two exhaust grooves in opposite directions can be arranged in the same cross section, which can also achieve the purpose of enhancing the exhaust and arc extinguishing effects. However, if the two exhaust grooves in opposite directions are arranged in the same cross section, the arc extinguishing gas that rebounds and flows back will collide, resulting in the wind force offsetting each other, making it difficult for the electrons and ions in the arc column to leave the arc range, reducing the arc extinguishing effect.

[0064] Therefore, in a possible embodiment, the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively on two different axial planes. In this embodiment, the two exhaust grooves in opposite directions can be staggered, that is, set at different axial cross-sections, so that the arc-extinguishing gases on both sides cannot collide with each other, thereby enhancing the backflow effect, accelerating the efficiency of blowing away the electrons and ions in the arc column, and improving the arc-extinguishing effect.

[0065] For a better example, please also see Figure 7 The metal melt 30 is designed with a U-shaped bending structure, and its horizontal part is bent along the bottom end face of the arc extinguishing cavity. The first melt is always maintained in the middle position of the exhaust hole. Therefore, when the metal melt 30 is subjected to impact force and needs to be disconnected, the first melt needs to be bent toward the inner wall of the exhaust hole first, and then it will be tightened and broken at the position of the fuse part. Therefore, it has a certain buffering effect on the impact force, which affects the sensitivity of the excitation fuse product to break.

[0066] Therefore, an improvement is made in this embodiment. The two exhaust grooves in the arc extinguishing cavity are not placed in the middle of the cavity wall. Taking the first exhaust groove 61-1 and the second exhaust groove 62-1 as examples, the first exhaust groove is on the left side of the cavity wall, and the second exhaust groove is on the right side of the cavity wall; after being welded with the inner end of the first conductive component 20, the metal melt 30 is bent downward and closely attached to the left wall of the first exhaust hole until the end of the first exhaust hole, and then bent and extended to the right wall of the second exhaust hole, and finally extended along the right wall of the second exhaust hole to one side of the third melt and connected with the third melt. Therefore, when the impact device is actuated, the impact force will directly act on the disconnection fuse point through the fixed point, thereby improving the sensitivity of the excitation fuse to be opened.

[0067] It is understandable that not only one exhaust slot but also two, three, or more exhaust slots may be provided on any side of the arc extinguishing cavity, and the number is not limited here.

[0068] In a possible embodiment, the at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively arranged on the cavity walls of the arc extinguishing cavity in the third direction and the fourth direction, and the angle between the third direction and the fourth direction is 90 degrees.

[0069] In a specific implementation, taking the two exhaust grooves provided on the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1 as an example, the two exhaust grooves are respectively provided on two mutually perpendicular cavity walls of the first arc extinguishing cavity 60-1. In this arrangement, when the arc extinguishing gas refluxes, the first reflux gas on the first exhaust groove and the second reflux gas on the second exhaust groove merge and blow in a third direction, which is the direction of the combined force of the first reflux gas and the second reflux gas. In this way, blowing in a specific direction is ensured, the arc blowing effect is improved, and the breaking capacity is further improved.

[0070] In a possible embodiment, two exhaust grooves can be formed on two adjacent cavity walls of the arc extinguishing cavity, and are preferably arranged at the cavity wall position corresponding to the fuse part of the metal melt 30, that is, the third direction points to the fuse part, thereby greatly improving the arc extinguishing effect.

[0071] Specifically, the third direction may be determined first, and the third direction may point to the fuse, and then the directions of the first reflux gas and the second reflux gas may be inferred by calculation, and finally the positions of the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove may be determined according to the directions of the first reflux gas and the second reflux gas. In this way, the positions of the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove may be accurately determined.

[0072] In a possible embodiment, the total area occupied by the opening of at least one exhaust slot is less than or equal to 50% of the surface area of ​​the arc extinguishing cavity.

[0073] In specific implementation, the increase of exhaust grooves has a significant effect on improving the arc extinguishing performance of the arc extinguishing cavity, but it will reduce the structural strength of the arc extinguishing cavity itself; that is, the more exhaust grooves are set, the more holes will be dug in the arc extinguishing cavity, thereby reducing the structural strength of the exhaust groove part of the arc extinguishing cavity, making the arc extinguishing cavity more prone to fracture and damage. It may break with the increase of air pressure in the arc extinguishing cavity, and it may also burst the arc extinguishing cavity due to the inability to withstand the explosion pressure generated at the moment of fuse disconnection. Therefore, the more exhaust grooves there are, the better. The total area of ​​the exhaust grooves on the surface area of ​​the insulator should be controlled to be less than 50% of the surface area of ​​the arc extinguishing cavity when no exhaust grooves are set. In this way, it can not only meet the arc extinguishing needs, but also make the explosion-proof ability of the arc extinguishing cavity above a certain level.

[0074] The present application also provides an electronic circuit, comprising the excitation fuse described in the embodiments of the present application.

[0075] In a specific implementation, the excitation fuse is connected in series in the electronic circuit as an emergency protection device in the electronic circuit. It can be connected in series between the power supply and the power-consuming circuit, or it can be set between the back-end circuit and the front-end circuit that need to be protected. When the current in the circuit is too large, the metal melt in the excitation fuse is melted, and at the same time, the impact piece is controlled by the excitation signal to impact the metal melt, thereby accelerating the breaking of the metal melt.

[0076] In one possible embodiment, see Figure 8 The electronic circuit 100 includes a power supply 110, an excitation fuse 120, at least one electrical appliance 130, and a controller 140. The excitation fuse 120 is connected to the power supply 110 and the at least one electrical appliance 130 through a power bus, and the controller 140 is respectively connected to the power supply 110, the excitation fuse 120, and the electrical appliance 130. The controller 140 is used to output a first control signal to the excitation fuse 120 according to a control strategy, and to send a second control signal to the excitation fuse 120 when a forced reset operation of the excitation fuse 120 needs to be performed.

[0077] The controller may be a controller in a vehicle terminal or a controller in other devices, and is used to perform corresponding processing according to some signals in the electronic circuit, for example, detecting the power bus current to generate a corresponding control signal to the excitation fuse 120 .

[0078] In a specific implementation, the control strategy of the controller may be a corresponding instruction generated by a user operating a vehicle-mounted terminal, or may be an instruction generated by the electronic circuit 100 operating on its own (for example, a corresponding instruction generated by detecting power supply status, electrical appliance status, and other operating conditions). That is, when the current in the electronic circuit 100 is greater than a preset value, a control signal is sent to the impact piece of the energizing fuse to cut off all or part of the current in the electronic circuit 100.

[0079] In addition, the electronic circuit 100 may also be a charging circuit in a charging pile, or in other application scenarios that require a large current, and no unique limitation is made here.

[0080] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and can make various changes and modifications, including the combination of the above-mentioned different functions and implementation steps, including software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excitation fuse, characterized in that: It includes a shell, an impact piece, a first conductive component, a second conductive component and a metal melt; The housing is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity, the first conductive component is provided in the first cavity as a current input end, and the second conductive component is provided in the second cavity as a current output end; One end of the metal melt penetrates into the first cavity and is connected to the first conductive component, and the other end of the metal melt penetrates into the second cavity and is connected to the second conductive component; At least one arc extinguishing cavity is also provided in the housing, each of the arc extinguishing cavities comprises an arc extinguishing cavity and at least one exhaust groove, and the at least one exhaust groove penetrates the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity and communicates with the first cavity or the second cavity; At least one fuse part of the metal melt is arranged in the at least one arc extinguishing cavity, and both ends of the metal melt pass through the at least one exhaust groove; the arc extinguishing cavity is filled with an arc extinguishing medium, and the arc extinguishing medium wraps the fuse part of the metal melt in the arc extinguishing cavity, and each of the fuse parts is provided with at least one fuse point; When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal, so that the fuse portion of the molten metal breaks.

2. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust groove includes a guide groove and an exhaust hole, the guide groove includes a first slope and a second slope, the first slope and the second slope are respectively connected to a first hole wall and a second hole wall of the exhaust hole; the exhaust hole is connected to the first cavity.

3. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively arranged on the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity in a first direction and a second direction, and the first direction is the opposite direction of the second direction.

4. The excitation fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively on two different axial planes.

5. The excitation fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are on the same axial plane.

6. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one exhaust groove includes a first exhaust groove and a second exhaust groove; the first exhaust groove and the second exhaust groove are respectively arranged on the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing cavity in the third direction and the fourth direction, and the angle between the third direction and the fourth direction is 90 degrees.

7. The excitation fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing further comprises a movable groove, and the impact member is arranged in the movable groove; When the current is greater than or equal to a preset value, the impact member is driven by an external excitation signal to impact the molten metal along the movable groove, so as to break the fuse portion of the molten metal.

8. The excitation fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The excitation fuse also includes a third cavity, the arc extinguishing cavity is arranged in the third cavity, the metal melt includes a first melt, a second melt and a third melt connected in sequence, and the at least one arc extinguishing cavity is distributed on the first melt, the second melt and the third melt.

9. The excitation fuse according to claim 8, characterized in that: The at least one arc extinguishing cavity comprises a first arc extinguishing cavity and a second arc extinguishing cavity, the first fuse is provided with a first fuse part, and the second fuse is provided with a second fuse part; The first arc extinguishing cavity is arranged on the first fuse and wraps the first fuse part; the second cavity is arranged on the second fuse and wraps the second fuse part; One end of the molten metal sequentially passes through the exhaust groove of the first arc extinguishing cavity, and penetrates into the first cavity to be connected with the first conductive component; the other end of the molten metal sequentially passes through the exhaust groove of the second arc extinguishing cavity, and penetrates into the second cavity to be connected with the second conductive component.

10. An electronic circuit, characterized in that: Comprising an excitation fuse as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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