Electric pile thermal management system, method and device of proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric pile thermal management system, method and device of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a working state and current temperature information of an electric pile in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell; based on the working state and the current temperature information, determining a target heat exchange mode needing to control the galvanic pile to enter; and based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on-off state of the heat generation circuit and the heat dissipation circuit so as to exchange heat generated by the galvanic pile. According to the invention, the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, low stability and low starting speed of the electric pile at low temperature of the electric pile heat management system in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermal management of fuel cells, and in particular to a thermal management system, method and device for a fuel cell stack of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of hydrogen fuel cell technology, the importance of thermal management technology of hydrogen fuel cell stacks in the operation of hydrogen fuel cells has become increasingly prominent. However, the thermal management technology of fuel cell stacks still faces the following problems:

[0003] (1) Low heat dissipation efficiency of the stack thermal management system: Hydrogen fuel cells generate a large amount of heat during operation, which needs to be quickly dissipated into the atmosphere through the cooling system to ensure the normal operation of the stack. However, existing stack thermal management systems often cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements under high power conditions, resulting in excessively high stack temperatures, which in turn affects battery performance and life.

[0004] (2) The starting speed of the fuel cell stack is slow when the temperature is low: The chemical reaction in the fuel cell stack requires a certain temperature to proceed. Therefore, in a low-temperature environment, starting a hydrogen fuel cell requires a long warm-up time.

[0005] (3) Low stability of the thermal management system of the fuel cell stack: At present, the heat dissipation components used in the thermal management technology of the fuel cell stack include: water pump, thermostat, heater, intercooler, cooling pipe, radiator and cooling fan, etc. The integration and coordinated control of these components require high technical capabilities and precise control strategies. Therefore, overly complex heat dissipation components can easily reduce the stability of the thermal management system.

[0006] To address the above-mentioned problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention provide a thermal management system, method and device for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, so as to at least solve the technical problems in the related art of low heat dissipation efficiency, low stability and slow stack startup speed at low temperatures of the thermal management system for the stack.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack is provided, comprising: a heat generating circuit for generating heat to start the stack; a heat dissipating circuit for dissipating the heat generated by the stack; a heat transfer circuit, wherein a first output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an input end of the heat generating circuit, and a first input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an output end of the heat generating circuit to form a first heat exchange circuit; a second output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an input end of the heat dissipating circuit, and a second input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an output end of the heat dissipating circuit to form a second heat exchange circuit, wherein the heat transfer circuit is used to control the on / off state of the first heat exchange circuit or the second heat exchange circuit to exchange the heat generated by the stack.

[0009] Optionally, the heat transfer circuit includes: a first three-way valve, a first end of the first three-way valve is connected to the input end of the heat generating circuit, and a second end of the first three-way valve is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation circuit, and is used to control circulating water to enter the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipation circuit, and the circulating water is transported to the third end of the first three-way valve via the first water pump; a second three-way valve, a first end of the second three-way valve is connected to the output end of the heat generating circuit, and a second end of the second three-way valve is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation circuit, and is used to control the circulating water in the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipation circuit to flow through the fuel cell stack and be transported to the third end of the first three-way valve via the first water pump, wherein the circulating water is transported from the third end of the second three-way valve to the first water pump via the second water pump.

[0010] Optionally, the heat generating circuit includes: an exothermic reactant storage area; an exothermic reaction zone, wherein a first input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to a first output end of the heat transfer circuit, and a second input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to an output end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant transported from the exothermic reactant storage area to undergo a synthesis reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0011] Optionally, the heat dissipation circuit comprises: a first heat dissipation branch, the input end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the first heat dissipation branch comprises: an endothermic reactant storage area, the input end of the endothermic reactant storage area is connected to the output end of the exothermic reaction area, and is used to store a preset substance, and the preset substance is used to represent the substance generated in the exothermic reaction area; an endothermic reaction area, the input end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the output end of the endothermic reactant storage area, and the output end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the input end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the preset substance transported by the endothermic reactant storage area to decompose and react, so as to absorb the heat generated by the battery stack and obtain the first reactant and the second reactant; a second heat dissipation branch, the input end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the second heat dissipation branch comprises: a cooling fan, which is used to reduce the temperature of the battery stack.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, which is applied to the thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, and includes: obtaining the working status and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell; based on the working status and current temperature information, determining the target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled for the stack to enter; based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off status of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the stack.

[0013] Optionally, based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off state of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack includes: in response to the target heat exchange mode being the first heat exchange mode, controlling the heat generating circuit to be in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit to be in an off state to generate heat, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the battery stack to start the battery stack; in response to the target heat exchange mode being the second heat exchange mode, controlling the heat dissipating circuit to be in an on state and the heat generating circuit to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack.

[0014] Optionally, controlling the heat generating circuit to be in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit to be in an off state to generate heat includes: obtaining a first reactant and a second reactant in response to the heat generating circuit being in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in an off state; controlling the first reactant and the second reactant to undergo a chemical reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the preset substance is used to be transported to the heat dissipating circuit for a decomposition reaction.

[0015] Optionally, controlling the heat dissipation circuit to be in an on state and the heat generating circuit to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the fuel cell stack includes: in response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in an on state, controlling a preset substance to undergo a decomposition reaction to absorb the heat generated by the fuel cell stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant, wherein the preset substance is used to represent a substance generated in the heat generating circuit, and the first reactant and the second reactant are used to be transported to the heat generating circuit for a chemical reaction; in response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in an on state, controlling the cooling fan to be in an operating state to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0016] Optionally, based on the working state and the current temperature information, determining the target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled for the battery stack to enter includes: in response to the working state being a startup state and the current temperature information being lower than a first preset threshold, determining the target heat exchange mode to be a first heat exchange mode, wherein the first heat exchange mode is used to control the heat generating circuit to generate heat; in response to the working state being an operating state and the current temperature information being higher than a second preset threshold, determining the target heat exchange mode to be a second heat exchange mode, wherein the second heat exchange mode is used to control the heat dissipation circuit to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack, and the second preset threshold is higher than the first preset threshold.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a thermal management device for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring the working status and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell; a determination module for determining a target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled to enter the stack based on the working status and current temperature information; and a control module for controlling the on / off state of a heat generating circuit and a heat dissipating circuit based on the target heat exchange mode to exchange the heat generated by the stack.

[0018] Optionally, the control module is also used to: in response to the target heat exchange mode being the first heat exchange mode, control the heat generating circuit to be in an on state, and the heat dissipating circuit to be in an off state, so as to generate heat, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the battery stack to start the battery stack; in response to the target heat exchange mode being the second heat exchange mode, control the heat dissipating circuit to be in an on state, and the heat generating circuit to be in an off state, so as to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack.

[0019] Optionally, the acquisition module is also used to acquire the first reactant and the second reactant in response to the heat generating circuit being in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in an off state; the control module is also used to control the first reactant and the second reactant to undergo a chemical reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the preset substance is used to be transported to the heat dissipating circuit for a decomposition reaction.

[0020] Optionally, the control module is also used to: in response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, control a preset substance to undergo a decomposition reaction to absorb heat generated by the battery stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant, wherein the preset substance is used to represent a substance generated in the heat generating circuit, and the first reactant and the second reactant are used to be transported to the heat generating circuit for a chemical reaction; in response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, control the cooling fan to be in an operating state to reduce the temperature of the battery stack.

[0021] Optionally, the determination module is also used to: in response to the working state being a start-up state and the current temperature information being lower than a first preset threshold, determine that the target heat exchange mode is a first heat exchange mode, wherein the first heat exchange mode is used to control the heat generating circuit to generate heat; in response to the working state being an operating state and the current temperature information being higher than a second preset threshold, determine that the target heat exchange mode is a second heat exchange mode, wherein the second heat exchange mode is used to control the heat dissipation circuit to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack, and the second preset threshold is higher than the first preset threshold.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method is executed when the program is running.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which includes a stored executable program, wherein when the executable program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program, which implements the above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method when executed by a processor.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, a method of obtaining the working status and current temperature information of the stack in a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is adopted. Based on the working status and current temperature information, a target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled for the stack is determined. Finally, based on the target heat exchange mode, the on / off state of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit is controlled to exchange the heat generated by the stack, thereby achieving the purpose of using a simple heat dissipation component to ensure that the stack can start quickly at low temperatures and dissipate heat quickly during operation, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the stack thermal management system, simplifying the stack thermal management system, and ensuring that the stack can start quickly at low temperatures, thereby solving the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, low stability and slow startup speed of the stack at low temperatures in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a hardware structure block diagram of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a thermal management method for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a flow chart of another method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural block diagram of a thermal management device for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0035] The embodiment of the thermal management method of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the computer terminal 10 (or electronic device 10) may include one or more (102a, 102b, ..., 102n are used to illustrate) processors (the processor may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA), a memory 104 for storing data, and a transmission module 106 for communication functions. In addition, it may also include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of the I / O interface), a network interface, a power supply and / or a camera. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 1 The structure shown is only for illustration and does not limit the structure of the above electronic device. Figure 1 More or fewer components as shown, or with Figure 1 Different configurations are shown.

[0036] It should be noted that the one or more processors and / or other data processing circuits described above may generally be referred to herein as "data processing circuits". The data processing circuits may be embodied in whole or in part as software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. In addition, the data processing circuit may be a single independent processing module, or may be incorporated in whole or in part into any of the other components in the computer terminal 10 (or electronic device). As described in the embodiments of the present application, the data processing circuit acts as a processor control (e.g., selection of a variable resistor terminal path connected to an interface).

[0037] The memory 104 can be used to store software programs and modules of application software, such as the program instructions / data storage device corresponding to the thermal management method of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack in the embodiment of the present application. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 104, that is, realizing the thermal management method of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack mentioned above. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer terminal 10 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0038] The transmission module 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. The specific example of the above network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the computer terminal 10. In one example, the transmission module 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission module 106 can be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0039] The display may be, for example, a touch screen type liquid crystal display (LCD), which may enable a user to interact with a user interface of the computer terminal 10 (or electronic device).

[0040] It should be noted that, in some optional embodiments, the above Figure 1 The computer device (or electronic device) shown may include hardware elements (including circuits), software elements (including computer code stored on a computer-readable medium), or a combination of hardware elements and software elements. It should be noted that Figure 1 This is merely one example of a particular embodiment and is intended to illustrate the types of components that may be present in the above-described computer device (or electronic device).

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method embodiment of a method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0042] Figure 2is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack includes: a heat generation circuit 201 , a heat dissipation circuit 202 , a heat transfer circuit 203 and a controller 204 .

[0043] The heat generating circuit 201 is used to generate heat to start the fuel cell stack;

[0044] The above-mentioned stack is used to characterize the stack of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell.

[0045] The above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management system is used to characterize the system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, which realizes rapid startup speed of the stack at low temperature and rapid heat dissipation during operation through heat exchange.

[0046] The heat generation circuit 201 may refer to a circuit for generating heat. The heat generated by the heat generation circuit 201 can accelerate the chemical reaction rate in the battery stack to increase the startup speed of the battery stack. The heat generation circuit 201 may be arranged near the battery stack. In the heat generation circuit 201, the heat generated by the circuit is used to heat the circulating water flowing through the circuit to increase the temperature of the circulating water.

[0047] A heat dissipation circuit 202 is used to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack;

[0048] The heat dissipation circuit 202 may refer to a circuit for dissipating the heat generated by the battery stack. The heat dissipation circuit 202 is composed of two heat dissipation branches, and the efficiency of heat dissipation is controlled by controlling the on-off state of the two heat dissipation branches. In the heat dissipation circuit 202, the first heat dissipation branch absorbs the heat of the circulating water flowing through the branch to reduce the temperature of the circulating water, and the second heat dissipation branch uses a cooling fan to reduce the temperature of the circulating water.

[0049] A heat transfer circuit 203, wherein the first output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the input end of the heat generating circuit, and the first input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the output end of the heat generating circuit to form a first heat exchange circuit; the second output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation circuit, and the second input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation circuit to form a second heat exchange circuit, and the heat transfer circuit is used to control the on / off state of the first heat exchange circuit or the second heat exchange circuit to exchange the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

[0050] The heat transfer circuit 203 is used to indicate that when the stack is started at low temperature, the heat generated by the heat generation circuit is provided to the stack to increase the startup speed of the stack, and the heat generated by the stack when the temperature is too high is dissipated to quickly reduce the temperature of the stack and ensure the safety of the stack. The heat transfer circuit 203 relies on circulating water to achieve heat transfer.

[0051] Specifically, the heat transfer circuit 203 has two output ends and two input ends, the first output end is connected to the input end of the heat generation circuit 201, and the first input end of the heat transfer circuit 203 is connected to the output end of the heat generation circuit 201 to form a first heat exchange loop; the second output end of the heat transfer circuit 203 is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation circuit 202, and the second input end of the heat transfer circuit 203 is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation circuit 202 to form a second heat exchange loop; in the first heat exchange loop, the heat generated in the heat generation circuit is transferred to the heat transfer circuit 203, and then transferred to the fuel cell stack through the first input end of the heat transfer circuit 203, that is, the heat generated in the heat generation circuit 201 transfers the circulating water flowing through the heat generation circuit 201 into the fuel cell stack. The heated circulating water is heated by passing through the fuel cell stack via the heat transfer circuit 203, and the first heat exchange circuit is circulated multiple times to achieve rapid heating of the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the startup speed of the fuel cell stack; in the second heat exchange circuit, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack is transferred to the heat transfer circuit 203, and then transferred to the heat dissipation circuit 202 through the second output end of the heat transfer circuit for heat dissipation, that is, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack is too high, the circulating water flowing through the fuel cell stack is controlled to enter the heat dissipation circuit 202, and the heat dissipation circuit 202 quickly reduces the temperature of the circulating water and passes the circulating water through the fuel cell stack again via the heat transfer circuit 203 to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the second heat exchange circuit is circulated multiple times to achieve rapid cooling of the fuel cell stack to avoid damage to the fuel cell stack due to excessive temperature.

[0052] Specifically, the thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack also includes a controller 204, which is connected to the stack, the heat generation circuit 201 and the heat dissipation circuit 202, and is used to control the heat exchange circuit through which the circulating water flows according to the working state and temperature information of the stack. The controller 204 can control the rate of heat generation in the heat generation circuit and the rate of heat dissipation in the heat dissipation circuit, so that the stack is in a safe and stable working environment.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack is provided, comprising: a heat generating circuit, which is used to generate heat to start the stack; a heat dissipation circuit, which is used to dissipate the heat generated by the stack; a heat transfer circuit, wherein a first output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an input end of the heat generating circuit, and a first input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an output end of the heat generating circuit to form a first heat exchange circuit; a second output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an input end of the heat dissipation circuit, and a second input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an output end of the heat dissipation circuit to form a second heat exchange circuit, and the heat transfer circuit is used to control the first heat transfer circuit. The on and off state of the first heat exchange circuit or the second heat exchange circuit is used to exchange the heat generated by the fuel cell stack. It is easy to notice that the first heat exchange circuit can enable the fuel cell stack to start quickly at low temperatures to improve the response speed of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell, and the second heat exchange circuit can enable the fuel cell stack to quickly reduce the temperature when the temperature is too high to avoid damage to the fuel cell stack, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the fuel cell stack thermal management system and ensuring that the fuel cell stack can start quickly at low temperatures, thereby solving the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, low stability and slow startup speed of the fuel cell stack thermal management system at low temperatures in related technologies.

[0054] Optionally, the heat transfer circuit comprises: a first three-way valve, a first end of the first three-way valve is connected to an input end of the heat generating circuit, a second end of the first three-way valve is connected to an input end of the heat dissipating circuit, and is used to control circulating water to enter the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipating circuit, and the circulating water is transported to the third end of the first three-way valve via a first water pump;

[0055] The first water pump is used to characterize a device that drives circulating water to circulate in the thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack by generating a pressure difference. The first water pump can be a centrifugal pump, an axial flow pump, a gear pump, etc. The specific type of water pump selected is not limited in the present invention. The first water pump is used to transport the circulating water flowing through the stack to the third end of the first three-way valve, that is, the inlet of the first three-way valve.

[0056] The first three-way valve can control whether the circulating water enters the heat generation circuit or the heat dissipation circuit. The circulating water flows into the third end of the first three-way valve via the first water pump and flows out via the first end or the second end of the first three-way valve, wherein the circulating water flows into the heat generation circuit via the first end and flows into the heat dissipation circuit via the second end. In addition, the first three-way valve can control the flow rate of circulating water flowing into other circuits. The three-way valves used in the present invention can realize the switching of the on-off state of the circuit and the control of the circulating water flow rate, and the three-way valves involved in other places will not repeat this function.

[0057] Specifically, when the fuel cell stack is in a low-temperature starting state, the first water pump transports the circulating water flowing through the fuel cell stack to the third end of the first three-way valve, and controls the circulating water to flow out from the first end of the first three-way valve through the first three-way valve to enter the heat generation circuit; when the fuel cell stack is in a high-temperature operating state, the first water pump transports the circulating water flowing through the fuel cell stack to the third end of the first three-way valve, and controls the circulating water to flow out from the second end of the first three-way valve through the first three-way valve to enter the heat dissipation circuit; when the fuel cell stack is operating normally within the preset temperature, the first three-way valve is controlled to be in a blocking state.

[0058] A second three-way valve, wherein the first end of the second three-way valve is connected to the output end of the heat generating circuit, and the second end of the second three-way valve is connected to the output end of the heat dissipating circuit, and is used to control the circulating water in the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipating circuit to flow through the fuel cell stack, and is transported to the third end of the first three-way valve through the first water pump, wherein the circulating water is transported from the third end of the second three-way valve to the first water pump via the second water pump.

[0059] The second water pump is used to drive the circulating water flowing through the heat generation circuit or the heat dissipation circuit to flow through the fuel cell stack and then be transported to the first water pump.

[0060] The second three-way valve can be used to control the circulating water in the heat generation circuit or the heat dissipation circuit to flow through the stack. The circulating water in the heat generation circuit flows into the first end of the second three-way valve and is input to the second water pump through the third end of the second three-way valve; the circulating water in the heat dissipation circuit flows into the second end of the second three-way valve and is input to the second water pump through the third end of the second three-way valve; the second water pump is used to control the circulating water to flow through the stack and then reach the first water pump, so as to realize the water circulation in the thermal management system of the stack of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell.

[0061] Specifically, the circulating water in the heat generation circuit flows into the first end of the second three-way valve, is input into the second water pump through the third end of the second three-way valve, and is controlled by the second water pump to flow through the fuel cell stack and then reaches the first water pump, thereby realizing the water circulation in the first heat exchange circuit, and the fuel cell stack is heated by the first heat exchange circuit to start the fuel cell stack quickly; the circulating water in the heat dissipation circuit flows into the second end of the second three-way valve, is input into the second water pump through the third end of the second three-way valve, and is controlled by the second water pump to flow through the fuel cell stack and then reaches the first water pump, thereby realizing the water circulation in the second heat exchange circuit, and the second heat exchange circuit is used to cool down the electroplating pair, so as to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the fuel cell stack and protect the fuel cell stack.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, a heat transfer circuit includes: a first three-way valve, a first end of the first three-way valve is connected to an input end of a heat generating circuit, a second end of the first three-way valve is connected to an input end of a heat dissipating circuit, and is used to control circulating water to enter a heat generating circuit or a heat dissipating circuit; a second three-way valve, a first end of the second three-way valve is connected to an output end of the heat generating circuit, a second end of the second three-way valve is connected to an output end of the heat dissipating circuit, and is used to control circulating water in the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipating circuit to flow through the fuel cell stack, and is transported to a third end of the first three-way valve by a first water pump, and the circulating water is transported to the third end of the first three-way valve by the first water pump. By using the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve in coordination, the circulating water can be flexibly controlled to enter the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipating circuit, thereby achieving effective regulation of the temperature of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, whether the fuel cell stack is started at low temperature or operated at high temperature, the flow direction and flow rate of the circulating water can be adjusted to adapt to different temperature requirements.

[0063] Optionally, the heat generating circuit includes: an exothermic reactant storage area; an exothermic reaction zone, wherein a first input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to a first output end of the heat transfer circuit, and a second input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to an output end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant transported from the exothermic reactant storage area to undergo a synthesis reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0064] The exothermic reactant storage area is used to characterize an area for storing the first reactant and the second reactant, wherein the first reactant and the second reactant can rapidly undergo a chemical reaction under the catalytic action of the catalyst to release heat.

[0065] The first input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to the first output end of the heat transfer circuit. When the first end of the first three-way valve is in the on state, the circulating water can enter the heat generating circuit and flow through the exothermic reaction zone. The second input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to the output end of the exothermic reactant storage area. The controller can control the first reactant and the second reactant in the exothermic reactant storage area to enter the exothermic reaction zone to perform a synthesis reaction in the exothermic reaction zone, generate heat, and obtain a preset substance. By controlling the reaction rate of the first reactant and the second reactant, the heat generated in the exothermic reaction zone can be stably controlled, which not only improves the speed of the stack startup but also prevents the stack from being damaged due to excessive temperature fluctuations. At the same time, the flow of circulating water also plays a role in stabilizing the temperature of the stack, improving the overall stability of the stack thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell.

[0066] Specifically, when the first end of the first three-way valve is in a conducting state, the circulating water can enter the heat generation circuit, thereby flowing through the exothermic reaction zone; when the circulating water passes through the exothermic reaction zone, it can absorb the heat generated by the exothermic reaction zone to increase the temperature of the circulating water; the circulating water enters the second water pump through the second three-way valve, thereby flowing through the stack to increase the temperature of the stack; the circuit is circulated multiple times until the temperature of the stack rises to the operating temperature to increase the startup speed of the stack. When the stack reaches the normal operating temperature range, the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell can work normally, the first end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be in a blocking state, and the controller controls the preset substance generated in the exothermic reaction zone to be transported to the endothermic reactant storage area.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, a heat generating circuit includes: an exothermic reactant storage area; an exothermic reaction zone, wherein a first input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to a first output end of the heat transfer circuit, and a second input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to an output end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant transported by the exothermic reactant storage area to undergo a synthesis reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the battery stack, and the released heat is directly absorbed and carried away by the circulating water to heat the battery stack, thereby achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0068] Optionally, the heat dissipation circuit includes: a first heat dissipation branch, the input end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the first heat dissipation branch includes: an endothermic reactant storage area, the input end of the endothermic reactant storage area is connected to the output end of the exothermic reaction area, and is used to store a preset substance, and the preset substance is used to represent the substance generated in the exothermic reaction area; an endothermic reaction area, the input end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the output end of the endothermic reactant storage area, and the output end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the input end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the preset substance transported by the endothermic reactant storage area to perform a decomposition reaction to absorb the heat generated by the battery stack and obtain the first reactant and the second reactant;

[0069] The input end of the endothermic reactant storage area is connected to the output end of the exothermic reaction area, so that the preset substance produced in the exothermic reaction area can be transported to the endothermic reactant storage area.

[0070] The input end of the endothermic reaction zone is connected to the output end of the endothermic reactant storage area. The controller can control the preset substance in the endothermic reactant storage area to enter the endothermic reaction zone, and perform a decomposition reaction in the endothermic reaction zone to absorb the heat in the circulating water, thereby reducing the temperature of the circulating water and obtaining the first reactant and the second reactant; then, the temperature of the stack is reduced by using the cooled circulating water. The output end of the input end of the endothermic reaction zone is connected to the input end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and the controller controls the first reactant and the second reactant generated in the endothermic reaction zone to enter the exothermic reactant storage area. When the heat generating circuit undergoes a chemical reaction, the first reactant and the second reactant can continue to be used for an exothermic reaction.

[0071] A second heat dissipation branch, the input end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the second heat dissipation branch includes: a heat dissipation fan for reducing the temperature of the battery stack.

[0072] Specifically, the heat dissipation circuit further includes a third three-way valve, a first end of the third three-way valve is connected to a second end of the first three-way valve, a second end of the third three-way valve is connected to an input end of the first heat dissipation branch, and a third end of the third three-way valve is connected to an input end of the second heat dissipation branch. The controller controls the on-off state of the three ports of the third three-way valve to control the circulating water flowing out of the second end of the first three-way valve to enter the first heat dissipation branch and / or the second heat dissipation branch.

[0073] Specifically, the input end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit. When the second end and the first end of the third three-way valve are both in the on state, the circulating water can enter the first heat dissipation branch; the output end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, so that the circulating water cooled by the first heat dissipation branch enters the heat transfer route and flows through the battery stack through the heat transfer route to cool the battery stack. In addition, when the temperature of the battery stack is reduced to the normal working temperature range, the third three-way valve is controlled to be in a blocking state. At the same time, the controller is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant generated in the endothermic reaction zone to be transported to the exothermic reactant storage area. When the heat generating circuit undergoes a chemical reaction, the first reactant and the second reactant can continue to be used for an exothermic reaction, thereby realizing the recycling of the reactants.

[0074] Specifically, the input end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit. When the second output end of the first three-way valve is in a conducting state, the circulating water can enter the second heat dissipation branch, and the cooling fan in the second heat dissipation branch is used to cool the circulating water. At the same time, the cooling fan can also reduce the ambient temperature; the output end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, so that the circulating water cooled by the second heat dissipation branch enters the heat transfer route, flows through the fuel cell stack via the heat transfer route, and cools the fuel cell stack.

[0075] In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation circuit includes: a first heat dissipation branch, the input end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the first heat dissipation branch includes: an endothermic reactant storage area, the input end of the endothermic reactant storage area is connected to the output end of the exothermic reaction area, and is used to store a preset substance, and the preset substance is used to represent the substance generated in the exothermic reaction area; an endothermic reaction area, the input end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the output end of the endothermic reactant storage area, and the output end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the input end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the endothermic reaction area. The preset substance transported from the thermal reactant storage area undergoes a decomposition reaction to absorb the heat generated by the battery stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant; a second heat dissipation branch, the input end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the second heat dissipation branch includes: a cooling fan for reducing the temperature of the battery stack, the first heat dissipation branch utilizes a chemical reaction to absorb heat, and the second heat dissipation branch reduces the temperature by physical means, and the dual heat dissipation mechanism ensures that the battery stack can operate within the normal operating temperature range, and the recycling of reactants reduces operating costs.

[0076] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the system includes the following components: a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, a first water pump, a second water pump, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve, an exothermic reactant storage area, an exothermic reaction area, an endothermic reactant storage area, an endothermic reaction area, a cooling fan and a controller.

[0077] Specifically, the heat transfer circuit includes: a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve, a first water pump and a second water pump; the heat generation circuit includes: an exothermic reactant storage area and an exothermic reaction area; the heat dissipation circuit includes: a first heat dissipation branch, a second heat dissipation branch and a third three-way valve, wherein the first heat dissipation branch includes an endothermic reactant storage area and an endothermic reaction area, and the second heat dissipation branch includes a heat dissipation fan. The heat transfer circuit has two output ends and two input ends, the first output end is connected to the input end of the heat generation circuit, and the first input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the output end of the heat generation circuit to form a first heat exchange circuit; the second output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation circuit, and the second input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation circuit to form a second heat exchange circuit.

[0078] Specifically, Figure 3 The path marked with a solid line is the path through which the circulating water flows, the path marked with a dotted line with an arrow is the path through which the exothermic reactants and the endothermic reactants are converted between the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit, and the path marked with a dotted line without an arrow is the path through which the controller controls the main components in the system.

[0079] Specifically, the controller obtains the working state and current temperature information of the stack. When the stack is in a low-temperature startup state, the first heat exchange circuit is used to generate heat to gradually increase the temperature of the stack to the working temperature, thereby increasing the startup speed of the stack. The specific process is as follows: when the battery stack is in a low-temperature starting state, the first water pump transports the circulating water flowing through the battery stack to the third end of the first three-way valve, and controls the circulating water to flow out from the first end of the first three-way valve through the first three-way valve to enter the heat generation circuit; in the heat generation circuit, the first reactant and the second reactant in the exothermic reactant storage area can be controlled by the controller to enter the exothermic reaction zone, so as to perform a synthesis reaction in the exothermic reaction zone, generate heat, and obtain a preset substance, and by controlling the reaction rates of the first reactant and the second reactant, the heat generated in the exothermic reaction zone can be stably controlled; when the circulating water passes through the exothermic reaction zone, it can absorb the heat generated in the exothermic reaction zone to increase the temperature of the circulating water; then the circulating water enters the second water pump through the second three-way valve, thereby flowing through the battery stack to increase the temperature of the battery stack; the first heat exchange circuit is circulated multiple times until the temperature of the battery stack rises to the operating temperature to increase the starting speed of the battery stack. When the stack reaches the normal operating temperature range, the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell can operate normally, the first end of the first three-way valve is controlled to be in a blocked state, and the controller controls the transportation of the preset substance generated in the exothermic reaction zone to the endothermic reactant storage area.

[0080] Specifically, when the fuel cell stack is in a high-temperature operating state, the first water pump transports the circulating water flowing through the fuel cell stack to the third end of the first three-way valve, and controls the circulating water to flow out from the second end of the first three-way valve through the first three-way valve to enter the heat dissipation circuit; when the second end and the first end of the third three-way valve are both in a conducting state, the circulating water can enter the first heat dissipation branch; in the first heat dissipation branch, the controller can control the preset substance in the endothermic reactant storage area to enter the endothermic reaction zone, and decompose the substance in the endothermic reaction zone to absorb the heat in the circulating water, thereby reducing the temperature of the circulating water and obtaining the first reactant and the second reactant; then, the circulating water cooled by the first heat dissipation branch enters the heat transfer route, flows through the fuel cell stack through the heat transfer route, and cools the fuel cell stack. When the third end and the first end of the third three-way valve are both in the on state, the circulating water can enter the second heat dissipation branch; the cooling fan in the second heat dissipation branch is used to cool the circulating water, and at the same time, the cooling fan can also reduce the ambient temperature; so that the circulating water cooled by the second heat dissipation branch enters the heat transfer route, flows through the fuel cell stack through the heat transfer route, so as to cool the fuel cell stack.

[0081] Furthermore, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack drops to a normal operating temperature range, the third three-way valve is controlled to be in a blocked state. At the same time, the controller is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant generated in the endothermic reaction zone to be transported to the exothermic reactant storage area. When the heat generating circuit undergoes a chemical reaction, the first reactant and the second reactant can continue to be utilized for an exothermic reaction, thereby realizing the recycling of the reactants.

[0082] Furthermore, the chemical reaction in the above-mentioned heat generation circuit and the chemical reaction in the heat dissipation circuit are reversible chemical reactions, which can not only realize the recycling of reactants, but also the chemical reaction in the heat dissipation circuit can increase the decomposition rate with the help of the heat released by the fuel cell stack during high-temperature operation, thereby realizing the recovery of waste heat from the fuel cell stack.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, when the stack is started at low temperature, the heat generated in the exothermic reaction zone can be stably controlled by controlling the reaction rates of the first reactant and the second reactant, which not only improves the startup speed of the stack but also prevents the stack from being damaged by excessive temperature fluctuations; when the stack is in a high-temperature operating state, the first heat dissipation branch absorbs heat by chemical reaction, and the second heat dissipation branch reduces the temperature by physical means. The dual heat dissipation mechanism improves the heat dissipation efficiency, ensures that the stack can operate within the normal operating temperature range, and the recycling of reactants reduces the operating cost; heat exchange is achieved through chemical reaction, the recycling of reactants is achieved, resource waste is reduced, and the energy efficiency of the stack thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is improved; finally, the stack thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell only involves components such as water pumps, three-way valves and cooling fans, and there are not too many heat dissipation components, thereby simplifying the stack thermal management system and improving the stability of the simplified stack thermal management system.

[0084] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack is also provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0085] Figure 4 1 is a flow chart of a thermal management method for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0086] Step S42, obtaining the working state and current temperature information of the fuel cell stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;

[0087] In step S42, the working state of the battery stack is used to characterize whether the battery stack is in a startup state or an operation state; the current temperature information is used to characterize whether the battery stack is in a low temperature state or a high temperature risk state.

[0088] Step S44, determining a target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter based on the working state and current temperature information;

[0089] In step S44, the target heat exchange mode is used to characterize a heat generation mode or a heat dissipation mode.

[0090] Specifically, the control of the stack to enter the target exchange mode is determined according to whether the current state of the stack is a low-temperature start-up state or a high-temperature operation state. When the current state of the stack is a low-temperature start-up state, the stack is controlled to enter a heat generation mode to quickly increase the temperature of the stack to the operating temperature range, thereby quickly starting the stack; when the current state of the stack is a high-temperature operation state, the stack is controlled to enter a heat dissipation mode to quickly reduce the temperature of the stack to the operating temperature range, thereby preventing the stack from being damaged due to high temperature.

[0091] Step S46, based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

[0092] Specifically, when the current state of the battery stack is a low-temperature start-up state, the target heat exchange mode is determined to be a heat generation mode. The heat generation circuit is controlled to be in a conducting state so that the battery stack enters the heat generation mode. In the heat generation mode, the circulating water is quickly heated up by a chemical reaction, and the heated circulating water flows through the battery stack to quickly increase the temperature of the battery stack to the operating temperature range, thereby quickly starting the battery stack; when the current state of the battery stack is a high-temperature operation state, the target heat exchange mode is determined to be a dissipation mode. The heat dissipation circuit is controlled to be in a conducting state so that the battery stack enters the heat dissipation mode. In the heat dissipation mode, the temperature of the circulating water is quickly reduced through the dual heat dissipation mechanisms of chemical reaction and physical method, and then the circulating water is controlled to flow through the battery stack, so that the temperature of the battery stack is quickly reduced to the operating temperature range, which can not only improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery stack thermal management system, but also prevent the battery stack from being damaged due to excessive temperature.

[0093] Based on the above steps S42 to S46, a method of obtaining the working status and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is adopted. Based on the working status and current temperature information, the target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled for the stack is determined. Finally, based on the target heat exchange mode, the on-off state of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipation circuit is controlled to exchange the heat generated by the stack, thereby achieving the purpose of using simple heat dissipation components to ensure that the stack can start quickly at low temperatures and dissipate heat quickly during operation, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the stack thermal management system, simplifying the stack thermal management system and ensuring that the stack can start quickly at low temperatures, thereby solving the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, low stability and slow startup speed of the stack thermal management system at low temperatures in related technologies.

[0094] Optionally, in step S46, based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off state of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the stack includes:

[0095] Step S461, in response to the target heat exchange mode being the first heat exchange mode, controlling the heat generation circuit to be in an on state and the heat dissipation circuit to be in an off state to generate heat, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the battery stack to start the battery stack;

[0096] In step S461, the first heat exchange mode is a heat generation mode.

[0097] Step S462, in response to the target heat exchange mode being the second heat exchange mode, controlling the heat dissipation circuit to be in an on state and the heat generation circuit to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

[0098] In step S462, the second heat exchange mode is a heat dissipation mode.

[0099] Specifically, when the target heat exchange mode is the heat generation mode, the heat generation circuit is controlled to be in an on state and the heat dissipation circuit is controlled to be in an off state so that the fuel cell enters the heat generation mode. In the heat generation mode, the circulating water is rapidly heated up through chemical reactions, and the heated circulating water is then passed through the fuel cell to rapidly increase the temperature of the fuel cell to the operating temperature range, thereby quickly starting the fuel cell; when the target heat exchange mode is the heat dissipation mode, the heat dissipation circuit is controlled to be in an on state and the heat generation circuit is controlled to be in an off state so that the fuel cell enters the heat dissipation mode. In the heat dissipation mode, the temperature of the circulating water is rapidly reduced through a dual heat dissipation mechanism of chemical reactions and physical methods, and the circulating water is then controlled to flow through the fuel cell to rapidly reduce the temperature of the fuel cell to the operating temperature range, which can not only improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the fuel cell thermal management system, but also prevent the fuel cell from being damaged by overtemperature.

[0100] Based on the above steps S461 to S462, in response to the target heat exchange mode being the first heat exchange mode, the heat generating circuit is controlled to be in an on state, and the heat dissipating circuit is controlled to be in an off state to generate heat; in response to the target heat exchange mode being the second heat exchange mode, the heat dissipating circuit is controlled to be in an on state, and the heat generating circuit is controlled to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack. According to the actual working state and requirements of the battery stack, different target heat exchange modes are flexibly switched. By precisely controlling the on and off states of the heat generating and heat dissipating circuits, the battery stack is controlled to operate in a normal working state, which can not only avoid system instability or failure caused by improper temperature control, but also improve the reliability of the entire system.

[0101] Optionally, in step S461, controlling the heat generating circuit to be in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit to be in an off state to generate heat includes:

[0102] Step S4611, in response to the heat generating circuit being in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in an off state, obtaining a first reactant and a second reactant;

[0103] Step S4612, controlling the first reactant and the second reactant to undergo a chemical reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the preset substance is used to be transported to a heat dissipation circuit for a decomposition reaction.

[0104] Specifically, when the heat generating circuit is in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit is in an off state, the first reactant and the second reactant in the exothermic reactant storage area are obtained, and the first reactant and the second reactant are transported to the exothermic reaction zone through the controller, and the first reactant and the second reactant undergo a chemical reaction in the exothermic reaction zone to generate heat and a preset substance.

[0105] Furthermore, since the heat generation circuit is in the on state and the heat dissipation circuit is in the off state, the circulating water can enter the heat generation circuit and flow through the exothermic reaction zone; the circulating water can absorb the heat generated by the exothermic reaction zone when passing through the exothermic reaction zone to increase the temperature of the circulating water; the circulating water flows through the battery stack through the heat transfer circuit to increase the temperature of the battery stack; the circuit is circulated multiple times until the temperature of the battery stack rises to the operating temperature range, thereby increasing the startup speed of the battery stack. When the battery stack reaches the normal operating temperature range, the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell can work normally, at this time, the heat generation circuit is controlled to be in the blocked state, and the controller controls the preset substance generated in the exothermic reaction zone to be transported to the endothermic reactant storage area in the heat dissipation circuit to provide raw materials for the decomposition reaction in the heat dissipation circuit.

[0106] Based on the above steps S4611 to S4612, in response to the heat generating circuit being in the on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in the off state, the first reactant and the second reactant are obtained; the first reactant and the second reactant are controlled to undergo a chemical reaction to generate heat, and a preset substance is obtained. By controlling the reaction rates of the first reactant and the second reactant, the heat generated in the exothermic reaction zone can be stably controlled, that is, the startup speed of the battery stack is increased without preventing the battery stack from being damaged due to excessive temperature fluctuations.

[0107] Optionally, in step S462, controlling the heat dissipation circuit to be in an on state and the heat generation circuit to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack includes:

[0108] Step S4621, in response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, controlling a preset substance to perform a decomposition reaction to absorb heat generated by the battery stack, and obtaining a first reactant and a second reactant, wherein the preset substance is used to represent a substance generated in the heat generation circuit, and the first reactant and the second reactant are used to be transported to the heat generation circuit for a chemical reaction;

[0109] Specifically, when the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit is in a conducting state, a preset substance in the endothermic reactant storage area is obtained, and the preset substance is transported to the endothermic reaction zone through a controller, and the preset substance undergoes a decomposition reaction in the endothermic reaction zone to absorb the heat generated by the fuel cell stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant.

[0110] Specifically, when the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit is in a conducting state, the circulating water can enter the first heat dissipation branch and flow through the endothermic reaction zone; when the circulating water passes through the endothermic reaction zone, the endothermic reaction zone can absorb the heat in the circulating water to reduce the temperature of the circulating water; then, the circulating water flows through the battery stack through the heat transfer circuit to reduce the temperature of the battery stack; this route is circulated multiple times until the temperature of the battery stack is reduced to the normal operating temperature range. In addition, when the temperature of the battery stack is reduced to the normal operating temperature range, the first heat dissipation branch is controlled to be in a blocked state, and at the same time, the controller is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant generated in the endothermic reaction zone to be transported to the exothermic reactant storage area. When the heat generation circuit undergoes a chemical reaction, the first reactant and the second reactant can continue to be used for an exothermic reaction, thereby realizing the recycling of the reactants.

[0111] Step S4622, in response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, controlling the cooling fan to be in an operating state to reduce the temperature of the battery stack.

[0112] Specifically, when the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit is in a conducting state, the circulating water can enter the second heat dissipation branch; the cooling fan in the second heat dissipation branch is used to cool the circulating water, and at the same time, the cooling fan can also reduce the ambient temperature; then, the circulating water cooled by the second heat dissipation branch enters the heat transfer route, flows through the fuel cell stack via the heat transfer route, so as to cool the fuel cell stack.

[0113] Based on the above steps S4621 to S4622, in response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, the preset substance is controlled to perform a decomposition reaction to absorb the heat generated by the fuel cell stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant; in response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, the cooling fan is controlled to be in an operating state to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The first heat dissipation branch absorbs heat by chemical reaction, and the second heat dissipation branch reduces the temperature by physical means. The dual heat dissipation mechanism ensures that the fuel cell stack can operate within the normal operating temperature range, and the recycling of reactants reduces operating costs.

[0114] Optionally, in step S44, based on the working state and current temperature information, determining the target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter includes:

[0115] Step S441, in response to the working state being the startup state and the current temperature information being lower than the first preset threshold, determining that the target heat exchange mode is the first heat exchange mode, wherein the first heat exchange mode is used to control the heat generating circuit to generate heat;

[0116] Specifically, when the working state of the battery stack is the startup state and the current temperature information is lower than the first preset threshold value, the battery stack is in the low-temperature startup state, and it is determined that the target heat exchange mode that the battery stack needs to enter is the first heat exchange mode, that is, the heat generation mode. The temperature of the battery stack is quickly raised to the operating temperature range by using the first heat exchange mode, thereby improving the startup speed of the battery stack.

[0117] Step S442, in response to the working state being the running state and the current temperature information being higher than the second preset threshold, determining that the target heat exchange mode is the second heat exchange mode, wherein the second heat exchange mode is used to control the heat dissipation circuit to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack, and the second preset threshold is higher than the first preset threshold.

[0118] Specifically, when the working state of the stack is the running state and the current temperature information is higher than the first preset threshold, the stack is in a high-temperature running state. At this temperature, the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell has the risk of being damaged by high temperature, and the target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to enter is determined to be the second heat exchange mode, that is, the heat dissipation mode. The temperature of the stack is quickly reduced to the normal operating temperature range by using the second heat exchange mode, thereby protecting the stack and preventing the stack from being damaged by high temperature.

[0119] Based on the above steps S441 to S442, in response to the working state being the start-up state and the current temperature information being lower than the first preset threshold, the target heat exchange mode is determined to be the first heat exchange mode; in response to the working state being the running state and the current temperature information being higher than the second preset threshold, the target heat exchange mode is determined to be the second heat exchange mode. By dynamically selecting the target heat exchange mode according to the working state of the fuel cell stack and the current temperature information, the flexibility of the fuel cell stack thermal management system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is improved, ensuring that the fuel cell stack always operates within the normal operating temperature range.

[0120] Figure 5 1 is a flow chart of another method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a thermal management system of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0121] Step S501, obtaining the working state and current temperature information of the fuel cell stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;

[0122] Step S502, in response to the working state being the startup state and the current temperature information being lower than a first preset threshold, determining that the target heat exchange mode is the first heat exchange mode;

[0123] Step S503, in response to the working state being the running state and the current temperature information being higher than the second preset threshold, determining that the target heat exchange mode is the second heat exchange mode;

[0124] Step S504, when the target heat exchange mode is the first heat exchange mode, in response to the heat generating circuit being in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in an off state, obtaining a first reactant and a second reactant;

[0125] Step S505, controlling the first reactant and the second reactant to undergo a chemical reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack to start the fuel cell stack;

[0126] Step S506, when the target heat exchange mode is the second heat exchange mode, in response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, controlling the preset substance to perform a decomposition reaction to absorb heat generated by the fuel cell stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant;

[0127] Step S507 , in response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, controlling the heat dissipation fan to be in an operating state to dissipate the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

[0128] Based on the above steps S501 to S507, a method of obtaining the working status and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is adopted. Based on the working status and current temperature information, the target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled for the stack is determined. Finally, based on the target heat exchange mode, the on-off state of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit is controlled to exchange the heat generated by the stack, thereby achieving the purpose of using simple heat dissipation components to ensure that the stack can start quickly at low temperatures and dissipate heat quickly during operation, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the stack thermal management system, simplifying the stack thermal management system and ensuring that the stack can start quickly at low temperatures, thereby solving the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, low stability and slow startup speed of the stack thermal management system at low temperatures in related technologies.

[0129] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0130] In an embodiment of the present invention, a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management device is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments, and will not be repeated hereafter. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware for a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0131] Figure 6 1 is a block diagram of a thermal management device for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the device comprises:

[0132] The acquisition module 601 is used to obtain the working state and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell; the determination module 602 is used to determine the target heat exchange mode that needs to be controlled to enter the stack based on the working state and current temperature information;

[0133] The control module 603 is used to control the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit based on the target heat exchange mode to exchange the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

[0134] Optionally, the control module 603 is also used to: in response to the target heat exchange mode being the first heat exchange mode, control the heat generating circuit to be in an on state, and the heat dissipating circuit to be in an off state, so as to generate heat, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the battery stack to start the battery stack; in response to the target heat exchange mode being the second heat exchange mode, control the heat dissipating circuit to be in an on state, and the heat generating circuit to be in an off state, so as to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack.

[0135] Optionally, the acquisition module 601 is also used to acquire the first reactant and the second reactant in response to the heat generating circuit being in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in an off state; the control module 603 is also used to control the first reactant and the second reactant to undergo a chemical reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the preset substance is used to be transported to the heat dissipating circuit for a decomposition reaction.

[0136] Optionally, the control module 603 is also used to: in response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, control a preset substance to undergo a decomposition reaction to absorb heat generated by the fuel cell stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant, wherein the preset substance is used to represent a substance generated in the heat generating circuit, and the first reactant and the second reactant are used to be transported to the heat generating circuit for a chemical reaction; in response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, control the cooling fan to be in an operating state to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0137] Optionally, the determination module 602 is also used to: in response to the working state being a start-up state and the current temperature information being lower than a first preset threshold, determine that the target heat exchange mode is a first heat exchange mode, wherein the first heat exchange mode is used to control the heat generating circuit to generate heat; in response to the working state being an operating state and the current temperature information being higher than a second preset threshold, determine that the target heat exchange mode is a second heat exchange mode, wherein the second heat exchange mode is used to control the heat dissipation circuit to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack, and the second preset threshold is higher than the first preset threshold.

[0138] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to: the above modules are all located in the same processor; or the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, comprising: a memory storing an executable program; and a processor for running the program, wherein the above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method is executed when the program is running.

[0140] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor may be configured to perform the following steps through a computer program:

[0141] Step S1, obtaining the working state and current temperature information of the fuel cell stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;

[0142] Step S2, determining a target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter based on the working state and current temperature information;

[0143] Step S3, based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack.

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which includes a stored executable program, wherein when the executable program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method.

[0145] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0146] Step S1, obtaining the working state and current temperature information of the fuel cell stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;

[0147] Step S2, determining a target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter based on the working state and current temperature information;

[0148] Step S3, based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack.

[0149] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned storage medium may include but is not limited to: a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other media that can store computer programs.

[0150] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program, which implements the above-mentioned proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management method when executed by a processor.

[0151] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer program product may be configured as a computer program for executing the following steps:

[0152] Step S1, obtaining the working state and current temperature information of the fuel cell stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;

[0153] Step S2, determining a target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter based on the working state and current temperature information;

[0154] Step S3, based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack.

[0155] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0156] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0157] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0158] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0159] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0160] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0161] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: include: A heat generating circuit, used to generate heat to start the battery stack; A heat dissipation circuit, used to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack; a heat transfer circuit, wherein a first output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an input end of the heat generating circuit, and a first input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to an output end of the heat generating circuit to form a first heat exchange loop; The second output end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the input end of the heat dissipation circuit, and the second input end of the heat transfer circuit is connected to the output end of the heat dissipation circuit to form a second heat exchange circuit. The heat transfer circuit is used to control the on and off state of the first heat exchange circuit or the second heat exchange circuit to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack.

2. The thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer circuit comprises: a first three-way valve, wherein a first end of the first three-way valve is connected to an input end of the heat generating circuit, and a second end of the first three-way valve is connected to an input end of the heat dissipating circuit, and is used to control circulating water to enter the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipating circuit, and the circulating water is transported to a third end of the first three-way valve via a first water pump; A second three-way valve, wherein the first end of the second three-way valve is connected to the output end of the heat generating circuit, and the second end of the second three-way valve is connected to the output end of the heat dissipating circuit, and is used to control the circulating water in the heat generating circuit or the heat dissipating circuit to flow through the fuel cell stack, and to be transported to the third end of the first three-way valve through the first water pump, wherein the circulating water is transported from the third end of the second three-way valve to the first water pump via the second water pump.

3. The thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat generating circuit comprises: Exothermic reaction storage area; The exothermic reaction zone, the first input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to the first output end of the heat transfer circuit, the second input end of the exothermic reaction zone is connected to the output end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the first reactant and the second reactant transported from the exothermic reactant storage area to undergo a synthesis reaction to generate heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

4. The thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation circuit comprises: A first heat dissipation branch, wherein the input end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the first heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the first heat dissipation branch comprises: an endothermic reactant storage area, wherein the input end of the endothermic reactant storage area is connected to the output end of the exothermic reaction area, and is used to store a preset substance, wherein the preset substance is used to represent the substance generated by the exothermic reaction area; an endothermic reaction area, wherein the input end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the output end of the endothermic reactant storage area, and the output end of the endothermic reaction area is connected to the input end of the exothermic reactant storage area, and is used to control the preset substance transported by the endothermic reactant storage area to undergo a decomposition reaction, so as to absorb the heat generated by the stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant; A second heat dissipation branch, the input end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second output end of the heat transfer circuit, and the output end of the second heat dissipation branch is connected to the second input end of the heat transfer circuit, wherein the second heat dissipation branch includes: a heat dissipation fan for reducing the temperature of the battery stack.

5. A method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: A stack thermal management system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising: Obtain the working status and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell; Based on the working state and the current temperature information, determining a target heat exchange mode that the fuel cell stack needs to be controlled to enter; Based on the target heat exchange mode, the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit are controlled to exchange the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

6. The method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the target heat exchange mode, controlling the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack includes: In response to the target heat exchange mode being the first heat exchange mode, controlling the heat generation circuit to be in an on state and the heat dissipation circuit to be in an off state to generate heat, wherein the heat is used to increase the temperature of the battery stack to start the battery stack; In response to the target heat exchange mode being the second heat exchange mode, the heat dissipation circuit is controlled to be in an on state and the heat generation circuit is controlled to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the fuel cell stack.

7. The method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that: Controlling the heat generating circuit to be in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit to be in an off state to generate heat includes: In response to the heat generating circuit being in an on state and the heat dissipating circuit being in an off state, obtaining a first reactant and a second reactant; The first reactant and the second reactant are controlled to undergo a chemical reaction to generate the heat and obtain a preset substance, wherein the preset substance is used to be transported to the heat dissipation circuit to undergo a decomposition reaction.

8. The method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that: Controlling the heat dissipation circuit to be in an on state and the heat generation circuit to be in an off state to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack includes: In response to the first heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, controlling a preset substance to perform a decomposition reaction to absorb the heat generated by the battery stack and obtain a first reactant and a second reactant, wherein the preset substance is used to represent a substance generated in the heat generation circuit, and the first reactant and the second reactant are used to be transported to the heat generation circuit to perform a chemical reaction; In response to the second heat dissipation branch in the heat dissipation circuit being in a conducting state, the heat dissipation fan is controlled to be in a running state to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack.

9. The method for thermal management of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the working state and the current temperature information, determining the target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter includes: In response to the working state being the startup state and the current temperature information being lower than a first preset threshold, determining that the target heat exchange mode is a first heat exchange mode, wherein the first heat exchange mode is used to control the heat generating circuit to generate heat; In response to the working state being the running state and the current temperature information being higher than a second preset threshold, the target heat exchange mode is determined to be a second heat exchange mode, wherein the second heat exchange mode is used to control the heat dissipation circuit to dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack, and the second preset threshold is higher than the first preset threshold.

10. A thermal management device for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to obtain the working status and current temperature information of the stack in the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell; A determination module, configured to determine a target heat exchange mode that the stack needs to be controlled to enter based on the working state and current temperature information; The control module is used to control the on / off states of the heat generating circuit and the heat dissipating circuit based on the target heat exchange mode to exchange the heat generated by the battery stack.

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