Control method and device for air system of fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method and device for an air system of a fuel cell, and relates to the field of feedforward compensation, and the control method comprises the following steps: when the rotating speed of an air compressor needs to be adjusted, determining the compensation variation of the opening degree of a valve according to the variation of the rotating speed of the air compressor, and when the opening degree of the valve needs to be adjusted, determining the compensation variation of the opening degree of the valve; and according to the variable quantity of the opening degree of the valve, the compensation variable quantity of the rotating speed of the air compressor is determined, and the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the valve are controlled based on the variable quantity of the rotating speed of the air compressor and the compensation variable quantity of the opening degree of the valve or the variable quantity of the opening degree of the valve and the compensation variable quantity of the rotating speed of the air compressor. The rotating speed of the air compressor or the opening degree of the valve is determined and adjusted based on the target flow, the target pressure, the actual flow and the actual pressure, adjustment can influence the pressure and the flow at the same time, the compensation variable quantity is set, and the compensation variable quantity can avoid influence on the pressure or the flow which does not need to be adjusted; therefore, overshoot of pressure or flow which does not need to be adjusted is avoided, adjusting time is shortened, and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of feedforward compensation, and in particular to a control method and device for an air system of a fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] The air system of the fuel cell determines the performance of the fuel cell. The main parameters of the air entering the stack of the fuel cell air system are pressure and flow. When adjusting the main parameters, the air compressor can adjust the speed to adjust the flow and pressure of the air system. The speed of the air compressor is positively correlated with the flow and pressure, and the speed of the air compressor has a strong correlation with the flow. The flow and pressure of the air system can also be adjusted by the intake valve. The opening of the valve is negatively correlated with the pressure and positively correlated with the flow. The opening of the valve has a strong correlation with the pressure. Therefore, the relevant technology cannot avoid adjusting the pressure when adjusting the flow, and cannot avoid adjusting the flow when adjusting the pressure. Therefore, it is very difficult to adjust the flow and pressure to the target flow and target pressure, the adjustment time is too long, and the efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control method and device for the air system of a fuel cell, so as to avoid affecting the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, thereby avoiding overshoot of the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, reducing the adjustment time and improving efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a control method for an air system of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0005] Determine a target flow rate and a target pressure of the air entering the stack of the fuel cell air system;

[0006] Determine the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in opening of the valve of the air system according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure;

[0007] When the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the compensatory change of the opening of the valve is determined according to the change of the speed of the air compressor, and the compensatory change of the opening of the valve is used to offset the influence of the speed of the air compressor on the pressure of the air entering the stack;

[0008] Controlling the speed of the air compressor based on the change in the speed of the air compressor and the compensating change in the opening of the valve;

[0009] When the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, a compensatory change in the rotation speed of the air compressor is determined according to the change in the opening of the valve, and the compensatory change in the rotation speed of the air compressor is used to offset the influence of the opening of the valve on the flow rate of the air entering the stack;

[0010] The rotation speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the opening of the valve and the compensated change in the rotation speed of the air compressor.

[0011] On the other hand, before determining the change in the speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure, the method further includes:

[0012] Obtain the actual flow rate collected by the flow sensor installed in the inlet pipe;

[0013] The actual pressure collected by the pressure sensor installed in the stack entry pipeline is obtained.

[0014] On the other hand, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0015] When the target flow is greater than the actual flow and the target pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the change in the speed of the air compressor is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the speed of the air compressor and the flow and speed, and the change in the speed of the air compressor is greater than zero.

[0016] On the other hand, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0017] When the target flow is less than the actual flow and the target pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the change in the valve opening is determined according to the relationship between the valve opening, the flow and the rotation speed, and the change in the valve opening is less than zero.

[0018] On the other hand, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0019] When the target flow is greater than the actual flow and the target pressure is less than the actual pressure, the change in the valve opening is determined according to the relationship between the valve opening, the flow and the rotation speed, and the change in the valve opening is greater than zero.

[0020] On the other hand, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0021] When the target flow rate is less than the actual flow rate and the target pressure is less than the actual pressure, the change in the speed of the air compressor is determined according to the relationship between the speed of the air compressor and the flow rate and the speed, and the change in the speed of the air compressor is less than zero.

[0022] On the other hand, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0023] When the speed of the air compressor is controlled in advance to adjust the first preset value, a flow rate change value and a pressure change value of the air entering the stack are determined;

[0024] Determine the relationship coefficient G11 between the air compressor speed and flow rate according to the difference between the flow rate change value and the first preset value, and determine the relationship coefficient G21 between the air compressor speed and pressure according to the difference between the pressure change value and the first preset value;

[0025] When the opening of the valve is controlled in advance to adjust the second preset value, a flow rate change value and a pressure change value of the air entering the stack are determined;

[0026] Determine the relationship coefficient G12 between the valve opening and the flow rate according to the difference between the flow rate change value and the second preset value, and determine the relationship coefficient G22 between the valve opening and the pressure according to the difference between the pressure change value and the second preset value;

[0027] The speed change of the air compressor of the air system or the opening change of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted is determined based on G11, G21, G12, G22, the difference between the actual flow and the target flow, and the difference between the actual pressure and the target pressure.

[0028] On the other hand, when the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the compensating change of the opening of the valve is determined according to the change of the speed of the air compressor, including:

[0029] Determine a first compensation parameter N12 under static conditions, wherein the expression of the first compensation parameter is N12=-G12 / G11;

[0030] Determining a compensation change of the valve opening according to a change of the speed of the air compressor and the first compensation parameter, wherein the compensation change of the valve opening is the product of the change of the speed of the air compressor and the first compensation parameter;

[0031] When the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the speed of the air compressor and the compensatory change in the opening of the valve, including:

[0032] Determine a feedforward value of the rotation speed of the air compressor and a feedforward value of the opening of the valve corresponding to the target pressure and the target flow rate;

[0033] The speed of the air compressor is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the speed of the air compressor and the change in the speed of the air compressor, and the opening of the valve is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the opening of the valve and the compensating change in the opening of the valve.

[0034] On the other hand, when the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, the compensation change of the rotation speed of the air compressor is determined according to the change of the opening of the valve, including:

[0035] Determine a second compensation parameter N21 under static conditions, wherein the expression of the second compensation parameter is N21=-G21 / G22;

[0036] Determining a compensation change in the rotation speed of the air compressor according to a change in the opening of the valve and the second compensation parameter, wherein the compensation change in the rotation speed of the air compressor is the product of the change in the opening of the valve and the second compensation parameter;

[0037] When the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the opening of the valve and the compensatory change in the speed of the air compressor, including:

[0038] Determine a feedforward value of the rotation speed of the air compressor and a feedforward value of the opening of the valve corresponding to the target pressure and the target flow rate;

[0039] The speed of the air compressor is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the speed of the air compressor and the compensating change of the speed of the air compressor, and the opening of the valve is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the opening of the valve and the change of the opening of the valve.

[0040] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a control device for an air system of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0041] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0042] The processor is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for controlling the air system of the fuel cell when executing the computer program.

[0043] The present application provides a control method and device for the air system of a fuel cell, which relates to the field of feedforward compensation, including determining the compensation change of the valve opening according to the change of the air compressor speed when the air compressor speed needs to be adjusted, determining the compensation change of the air compressor speed according to the change of the valve opening when the valve opening needs to be adjusted, and controlling the air compressor speed and valve opening based on the change of the air compressor speed and the compensation change of the valve opening or the change of the valve opening and the compensation change of the air compressor speed. The speed of the air compressor or the valve opening is adjusted based on the target flow, target pressure, actual flow and actual pressure. The adjustment will affect the pressure and flow at the same time, so the compensation change is set. The compensation change can avoid affecting the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, thereby avoiding overshoot of the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, reducing the adjustment time and improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the prior art and the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for controlling an air system of a fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another method for controlling an air system of a fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a control device for an air system of a fuel cell provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The core of the present invention is to provide a control method and device for the air system of a fuel cell to avoid affecting the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, thereby avoiding overshoot of the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, reducing adjustment time and improving efficiency.

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for controlling an air system of a fuel cell, wherein the method for controlling an air system of the fuel cell comprises:

[0051] S11: determining a target flow rate and a target pressure of the air entering the stack of the air system of the fuel cell;

[0052] S12: determining a change in the rotation speed of an air compressor of the air system or a change in the opening of a valve of the air system according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure;

[0053] Fuel cells are usually composed of an electrolyte plate that forms an ion conductor, a fuel electrode (anode) and an air electrode (cathode) configured on both sides, and gas flow paths on both sides. The function of the gas flow path is to allow the fuel gas and air (oxidant gas) to pass through the flow path. The electrical energy generated by the fuel cell is related to the flow rate and pressure of the air entering the stack. Pressure and flow will also affect the service life of the fuel cell. The best working state of the fuel cell is that the air entering the stack is input at the target flow rate and target pressure, but there will be differences in actual applications, so the flow rate and pressure of the air entering the stack need to be adjusted.

[0054] When adjusting the pressure and flow, the air compressor can adjust the speed to adjust the flow and pressure of the air system. The speed of the air compressor is positively correlated with the flow and pressure, and the speed of the air compressor has a strong correlation with the flow. The flow and pressure of the air system can also be adjusted by the air intake valve. The opening of the valve is negatively correlated with the pressure and positively correlated with the flow, and the opening of the valve has a strong correlation with the pressure. Therefore, if the flow needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor is controlled to adjust it, and if the pressure needs to be adjusted, the opening of the valve is controlled to adjust it.

[0055] S13: when the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, a compensatory change in the opening of the valve is determined according to the change in the speed of the air compressor, and the compensatory change in the opening of the valve is used to offset the influence of the speed of the air compressor on the pressure of the air entering the stack;

[0056] S14: controlling the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve based on the change in the speed of the air compressor and the compensation change in the opening of the valve;

[0057] S15: when the valve opening needs to be adjusted, a compensation change of the air compressor speed is determined according to the change of the valve opening, and the compensation change of the air compressor speed is used to offset the influence of the valve opening on the flow rate of the air entering the stack;

[0058] When adjusting the speed of the air compressor, it is not only the flow that is adjusted, the pressure will also change accordingly, but if the pressure changes, the pressure may be overshot. Similarly, when adjusting the opening of the valve, it is not only the pressure that is adjusted, the flow will also change accordingly, but if the flow changes, the flow may be overshot.

[0059] For example, now the air compressor speed has increased by 2941r / min. As the flow rate increases, the pressure ratio also increases. Calculation: the pressure ratio increases by 2941*3.6e-6=0.0106, which is converted into a pressure of 0.0106*100=1.06kPa. At this time, the pressure deviation is less than 0 (-0.56kPa).

[0060] The pressure changes from +0.5kPa to -0.56kPa, which is not the target pressure. The goal is to make the pressure deviation 0. Such a change is caused by the speed of the air compressor. Therefore, compensation needs to be introduced at this time to make the pressure change not from +0.5kPa to -0.56kPa (overshoot), but from +0.5kPa to 0kPa. Feedforward compensation is to remove this part of the overshoot as much as possible by changing the opening of the valve. Even if it cannot be removed, if it can be reduced from -0.56 to -0.3, it is equivalent to reducing fluctuations and improving the stability of the system.

[0061] S16: Controlling the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve based on the change in the opening of the valve and the compensated change in the speed of the air compressor.

[0062] Therefore, if it is determined that the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor needs to be controlled to change by the calculated change, and the valve opening needs to be changed by the compensation change to reduce the pressure change. Therefore, if it is determined that the valve opening needs to be adjusted, the valve opening needs to be controlled to change by the calculated change, and the speed of the air compressor needs to be changed by the compensation change to reduce the flow change.

[0063] The present application provides a control method and device for the air system of a fuel cell, which relates to the field of feedforward compensation, including determining the compensation change of the valve opening according to the change of the air compressor speed when the air compressor speed needs to be adjusted, determining the compensation change of the air compressor speed according to the change of the valve opening when the valve opening needs to be adjusted, and controlling the air compressor speed and valve opening based on the change of the air compressor speed and the compensation change of the valve opening or the change of the valve opening and the compensation change of the air compressor speed. The speed of the air compressor or the valve opening is adjusted based on the target flow, target pressure, actual flow and actual pressure. The adjustment will affect the pressure and flow at the same time, so the compensation change is set. The compensation change can avoid affecting the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, thereby avoiding overshoot of the pressure or flow that does not need to be adjusted, reducing the adjustment time and improving efficiency.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments:

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another method for controlling an air system of a fuel cell provided by the present invention;

[0066] In some embodiments, before determining the change in the speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure, the method further includes:

[0067] Obtain the actual flow rate collected by the flow sensor installed in the pipeline entering the stack;

[0068] The actual pressure collected by the pressure sensor installed in the stack entry pipeline is obtained.

[0069] The actual flow rate and actual pressure are collected by sensors. After the target flow rate and target pressure are determined, the target speed of the air compressor and the target opening of the valve are determined according to the corresponding relationship between the target pressure and target flow rate and the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve.

[0070] In the subsequent adjustment process, it is necessary to determine the change amount and the compensation change amount based on the difference between the actual flow and the target flow, the difference between the actual pressure and the target pressure, the target speed of the air compressor and the target opening of the valve.

[0071] In some embodiments, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0072] When the target flow is greater than the actual flow and the target pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the change in the speed of the air compressor is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the speed of the air compressor and the flow and speed, and the change in the speed of the air compressor is greater than zero.

[0073] This application divides the control logic into four types. The first type is to increase the speed of the air compressor when the flow deviation is greater than 0 and the pressure deviation is greater than 0. The flow deviation is the target flow-actual flow, and the pressure deviation is the target pressure-actual pressure, which proves that the actual flow and actual pressure are both small at this time, and the speed of the air compressor needs to be increased.

[0074] In some embodiments, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0075] When the target flow is greater than the actual flow and the target pressure is less than the actual pressure, the change in the valve opening is determined according to the relationship between the valve opening, the flow and the rotation speed, and the change in the valve opening is less than zero.

[0076] The second type is to reduce the valve opening when the flow deviation is greater than 0 and the pressure deviation is less than 0. The flow deviation is the target flow minus the actual flow, and the pressure deviation is the target pressure minus the actual pressure, which proves that the actual flow is too small and the actual pressure is too large, and the valve opening needs to be increased.

[0077] In some embodiments, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0078] When the target flow is less than the actual flow and the target pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the change in the valve opening is determined according to the relationship between the valve opening, the flow and the rotation speed, and the change in the valve opening is greater than zero.

[0079] The third type is to increase the valve opening when the flow deviation is less than 0 and the pressure deviation is greater than 0. The flow deviation is the target flow minus the actual flow, and the pressure deviation is the target pressure minus the actual pressure, which proves that the actual flow is too large and the actual pressure is too small, and the valve opening needs to be increased.

[0080] In some embodiments, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0081] When the target flow rate is less than the actual flow rate and the target pressure is less than the actual pressure, the change in the speed of the air compressor is determined according to the relationship between the speed of the air compressor and the flow rate and the speed, and the change in the speed of the air compressor is less than zero.

[0082] The fourth type is to reduce the speed of the air compressor when the flow deviation is less than 0 and the pressure deviation is less than 0. The flow deviation is the target flow-actual flow, and the pressure deviation is the target pressure-actual pressure, which proves that the actual flow and actual pressure are both too large at this time, and the speed of the air compressor needs to be reduced.

[0083] In some embodiments, determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes:

[0084] When the speed of the air compressor is controlled in advance to adjust the first preset value, a flow rate change value and a pressure change value of the air entering the stack are determined;

[0085] Determine the relationship coefficient G11 between the air compressor speed and the flow rate according to the difference between the flow rate change value and the first preset value, and determine the relationship coefficient G21 between the air compressor speed and the pressure according to the difference between the pressure change value and the first preset value;

[0086] When the opening of the control valve is adjusted to a second preset value in advance, a flow rate change value and a pressure change value of the air entering the stack are determined;

[0087] Determine the relationship coefficient G12 between the valve opening and the flow rate according to the difference between the flow rate change value and the second preset value, and determine the relationship coefficient G22 between the valve opening and the pressure according to the difference between the pressure change value and the second preset value;

[0088] According to G11, G21, G12, G22, the difference between the actual flow and the target flow, and the difference between the actual pressure and the target pressure, it is determined that the speed change of the air compressor of the air system or the opening change of the valve of the air system needs to be adjusted.

[0089] Furthermore, when the speed of the air compressor changes, the flow rate and pressure of the air entering the pile will change. When the opening of the valve changes, the flow rate and pressure of the air entering the pile will also change. Therefore, the specific changes in flow rate and pressure need to be determined according to the actual air compressor and valve. Take Table 1 as an example. Table 1 is a relationship table of air compressor speed, valve opening, pressure, flow rate and pressure ratio. At this time, the valve opening remains unchanged. With the increase of the air compressor speed, the mass flow rate and pressure ratio are improved. Taking 20000-30000 as an example, the mass flow rate increases by 96-62=34g / s when the speed is increased by 10000, so G11=34 / 10000=0.0034, and the pressure ratio increases by 1.063-1.027=0.036 when the speed is increased by 10000, so G21=0.036 / 10000=3.6e-6.

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092] Take Table 2 as an example, which is another relationship table of air compressor speed, valve opening, pressure, flow and pressure ratio. At this time, the air compressor speed remains unchanged. As the valve opening decreases, the pressure ratio increases and the mass flow decreases. Taking valve 100-80 as an example, the valve opening decreases by 20%, and the mass flow decreases by 54-62=-8g / s, so G12=-8 / 20=-0.4. G22 is also calculated in the same way, and the pressure ratio decreases by 1.036-1.027=0.009, so G22=0.009 / 20=0.00045.

[0093] Table 2

[0094]

[0095] In some embodiments, when the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the compensatory change in the opening of the valve is determined according to the change in the speed of the air compressor, including:

[0096] Determine the first compensation parameter N12 under static conditions, the expression of the first compensation parameter is N12=-G12 / G11;

[0097] Determining a compensation change of the valve opening according to a change of the speed of the air compressor and a first compensation parameter, wherein the compensation change of the valve opening is the product of the change of the speed of the air compressor and the first compensation parameter;

[0098] When the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the speed of the air compressor and the compensatory change in the opening of the valve, including:

[0099] Determine the feedforward value of the air compressor speed and the feedforward value of the valve opening corresponding to the target pressure and the target flow;

[0100] The speed of the air compressor is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the air compressor speed and the change in the air compressor speed, and the opening of the valve is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the valve opening and the compensating change in the valve opening.

[0101] The change in the speed of the air compressor is determined based on the target pressure, target flow, actual pressure and actual flow. Then the final target speed of the air compressor = the feedforward value of the speed of the air compressor + the change in the speed of the air compressor. The feedforward value of the speed of the air compressor can be understood as the speed of the air compressor corresponding to the target pressure and target flow. The final target valve opening = the feedforward value of the valve opening + the compensation change of the valve opening. The feedforward value of the valve opening can be understood as the valve opening corresponding to the target pressure and target flow.

[0102] The first compensation parameter is related to the influence of the flow rate on the rotation speed and the opening degree.

[0103] In some embodiments, when the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, the compensation change of the rotation speed of the air compressor is determined according to the change of the opening of the valve, including:

[0104] Determine the second compensation parameter N21 under static conditions, the expression of the second compensation parameter is N21=-G21 / G22;

[0105] Determining the compensation change of the speed of the air compressor according to the change of the opening of the valve and the second compensation parameter, the compensation change of the speed of the air compressor being the product of the change of the opening of the valve and the second compensation parameter;

[0106] When the valve opening needs to be adjusted, the air compressor speed and the valve opening are controlled based on the change in the valve opening and the compensation change in the air compressor speed, including:

[0107] Determine the feedforward value of the air compressor speed and the feedforward value of the valve opening corresponding to the target pressure and the target flow;

[0108] The speed of the air compressor is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the air compressor speed and the compensation change of the air compressor speed, and the opening of the valve is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the valve opening and the change of the valve opening.

[0109] The change in valve opening is determined based on the target pressure, target flow, actual pressure and actual flow. Then the final target speed of the air compressor = the feedforward value of the air compressor speed + the compensation change in the air compressor speed. The feedforward value of the air compressor speed can be understood as the speed of the air compressor corresponding to the target pressure and target flow. The final target valve opening = the feedforward value of the valve opening + the change in valve opening. The feedforward value of the valve opening can be understood as the valve opening corresponding to the target pressure and target flow.

[0110] The second compensation parameter is related to the effect of speed and opening on pressure.

[0111] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a control device for an air system of a fuel cell, wherein the control device for the air system of the fuel cell comprises:

[0112] A memory 31, used for storing computer programs;

[0113] The processor 32 is used to implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for controlling the air system of the fuel cell when executing the computer program.

[0114] For an introduction to the control device of the air system of the fuel cell provided in the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0115] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0116] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0117] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for controlling an air system of a fuel cell, characterized in that: include: Determine a target flow rate and a target pressure of the air entering the stack of the air system of the fuel cell; Determine the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in opening of the valve of the air system according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure; When the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the compensatory change of the opening of the valve is determined according to the change of the speed of the air compressor, and the compensatory change of the opening of the valve is used to offset the influence of the speed of the air compressor on the pressure of the air entering the stack; Controlling the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve based on the change in the speed of the air compressor and the compensating change in the opening of the valve; When the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, a compensatory change in the rotation speed of the air compressor is determined according to the change in the opening of the valve, and the compensatory change in the rotation speed of the air compressor is used to offset the influence of the opening of the valve on the flow rate of the air entering the stack; The rotation speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the opening of the valve and the compensated change in the rotation speed of the air compressor.

2. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: Before determining the change in the rotation speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure, the method further includes: Obtain the actual flow rate collected by the flow sensor installed in the inlet pipe; The actual pressure collected by the pressure sensor installed in the stack entry pipeline is obtained.

3. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes: When the target flow is greater than the actual flow and the target pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the change in the speed of the air compressor is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the speed of the air compressor and the flow and speed, and the change in the speed of the air compressor is greater than zero.

4. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes: When the target flow is greater than the actual flow and the target pressure is less than the actual pressure, the change in the valve opening is determined according to the relationship between the valve opening, the flow and the rotation speed, and the change in the valve opening is greater than zero.

5. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes: When the target flow is less than the actual flow and the target pressure is greater than the actual pressure, the change in the valve opening is determined according to the relationship between the valve opening, the flow and the rotation speed, and the change in the valve opening is less than zero.

6. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes: When the target flow rate is less than the actual flow rate and the target pressure is less than the actual pressure, the change in the speed of the air compressor is determined according to the relationship between the speed of the air compressor and the flow rate and the speed, and the change in the speed of the air compressor is less than zero.

7. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Determining the change in speed of the air compressor of the air system or the change in the opening of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted according to the actual flow rate, the actual pressure, the target flow rate and the target pressure includes: When the speed of the air compressor is controlled in advance to adjust the first preset value, a flow rate change value and a pressure change value of the air entering the stack are determined; Determine the relationship coefficient G11 between the air compressor speed and flow rate according to the difference between the flow rate change value and the first preset value, and determine the relationship coefficient G21 between the air compressor speed and pressure according to the difference between the pressure change value and the first preset value; When the opening of the valve is controlled in advance to adjust the second preset value, a flow rate change value and a pressure change value of the air entering the stack are determined; Determine the relationship coefficient G12 between the valve opening and the flow rate according to the difference between the flow rate change value and the second preset value, and determine the relationship coefficient G22 between the valve opening and the pressure according to the difference between the pressure change value and the second preset value; The speed change of the air compressor of the air system or the opening change of the valve of the air system that needs to be adjusted is determined based on G11, G21, G12, G22, the difference between the actual flow and the target flow, and the difference between the actual pressure and the target pressure.

8. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the compensating change of the opening of the valve is determined according to the change of the speed of the air compressor, including: Determine a first compensation parameter N12 under static conditions, wherein the expression of the first compensation parameter is N12=-G12 / G11; Determining a compensation change of the valve opening according to a change of the speed of the air compressor and the first compensation parameter, wherein the compensation change of the valve opening is the product of the change of the speed of the air compressor and the first compensation parameter; When the speed of the air compressor needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the speed of the air compressor and the compensatory change in the opening of the valve, including: Determine a feedforward value of the rotation speed of the air compressor and a feedforward value of the opening of the valve corresponding to the target pressure and the target flow rate; The speed of the air compressor is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the speed of the air compressor and the change in the speed of the air compressor, and the opening of the valve is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the opening of the valve and the compensating change in the opening of the valve.

9. The method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, the compensation change of the rotation speed of the air compressor is determined according to the change of the opening of the valve, including: Determine a second compensation parameter N21 under static conditions, wherein the expression of the second compensation parameter is N21=-G21 / G22; Determining a compensation change in the rotation speed of the air compressor according to a change in the opening of the valve and the second compensation parameter, wherein the compensation change in the rotation speed of the air compressor is the product of the change in the opening of the valve and the second compensation parameter; When the opening of the valve needs to be adjusted, the speed of the air compressor and the opening of the valve are controlled based on the change in the opening of the valve and the compensatory change in the speed of the air compressor, including: Determine a feedforward value of the rotation speed of the air compressor and a feedforward value of the opening of the valve corresponding to the target pressure and the target flow rate; The speed of the air compressor is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the speed of the air compressor and the compensating change of the speed of the air compressor, and the opening of the valve is controlled to be adjusted to the sum of the feedforward value of the opening of the valve and the change of the opening of the valve.

10. A control device for an air system of a fuel cell, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor is used to implement the steps of the method for controlling the air system of a fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 when executing the computer program.

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