Mycorrhizal fungus substrate beneficial to blueberry cultivation and mycorrhizal cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mycorrhizal fungus substrate beneficial to blueberry cultivation and a mycorrhizal cultivation method in the technical field of crop cultivation. The mycorrhizal fungus substrate comprises the following steps: S1, collection and isolated culture of Guizhou wild azaleaceae and blueberry mycorrhizal fungi; s1-1, collecting root systems and soil around the root systems of different types of azaleaceae plants in different regions; s1-2, separating and culturing dominant wild rhododendron mycorrhizal fungi by adopting a pure culture and high-throughput sequencing technology, carrying out a tieback test by taking blueberries as a material, determining physiological and biochemical indexes of the mycorrhizal fungi and grafted seedlings, and screening excellent mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis; s2, developing a reproduction substrate matched with the blueberry mycorrhizal fungi; humus soil, peat soil and organic fertilizer in different proportions are adopted for inoculation test, and a proper inoculation matrix and the optimal mycorrhizal fungi inoculation amount are screened; according to the method, Guizhou wild rhododendron mycorrhizal fungi are utilized to establish an efficient mycorrhiza-blueberry symbiont, so that the survival rate of blueberries is ensured, the production capacity is improved, the ecological blueberry industry is developed, and a degraded ecological system of slope cropland is recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a mycorrhizal fungal substrate beneficial to blueberry cultivation and a mycorrhizal cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Blueberry belongs to the family Ericaceae and is a shrub of the genus Vaccinium. Its fruit is sold at a high price and is very popular among consumers. Blueberry prefers acidic soil and is suitable for cultivation in mountainous areas. It not only has high returns, but also performs well in restoring vegetation in degraded ecosystems of sloping farmland and improving the ecological environment. It is an ideal economic tree species that can take into account social, economic and ecological benefits.

[0003] Mountains account for 92.4% of Guizhou's total area, and sloping farmland accounts for 90% of the cultivated land. Due to the limitations of the topography, inefficient corn has long been the main crop, with a low input-output ratio and extremely limited contribution to increasing farmers' income. In addition, the sloping farmland is cultivated in an extensive manner, with serious soil and water loss, a fragile ecological environment, and a degraded ecosystem.

[0004] Due to the long-term cultivation of sloping farmland, fertilizer and pesticide residues have been left, and the soil lacks bacteria that can efficiently coexist with blueberries, which has restricted the development of the blueberry industry. Blueberry roots do not have root hairs, and they need to form symbiotic mycorrhizae with mycorrhizal fungi of the same family to effectively absorb nutrients, promote plant growth, improve fruit quality, and enhance plant resistance. In the absence of mycorrhizal symbiosis, the growth and development of blueberries are greatly affected, and they may even die. In the substrate cultivation of blueberries, the seedling substrate carried by the roots of the seedlings is inconsistent with the cultivation substrate, which may cause water and fertilizer to not diffuse quickly in the substrate. In addition, the contact between the seedling substrate and the root neck may cause water migration obstacles, causing pathogen infection and plant death.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to propose a mycorrhizal fungal matrix and mycorrhizal cultivation method that is conducive to blueberry cultivation, and to use wild rhododendron mycorrhizal fungi in Guizhou to establish an efficient mycorrhizal-blueberry symbiosis to ensure the survival rate of blueberries, increase production, develop an ecological blueberry industry and restore the degraded ecosystem of sloping farmland. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mycorrhizal fungus substrate and a mycorrhizal cultivation method that are beneficial to blueberry cultivation, and to establish an efficient mycorrhizal-blueberry symbiosis by utilizing wild rhododendron mycorrhizal fungi in Guizhou, thereby ensuring the survival rate of blueberries, increasing production, developing an ecological blueberry industry, and restoring the degraded ecosystem of sloping farmland.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a mycorrhizal fungus matrix beneficial to blueberry cultivation, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Collection, isolation and culture of wild Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi in Guizhou;

[0009] S1-1. Collect roots and soil around roots of Ericaceae and blueberry plants from different regions and species;

[0010] S1-2. Use pure culture and high-throughput sequencing technology to isolate and culture dominant wild ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, conduct inoculation experiments with blueberries, measure the physiological and biochemical indicators of mycorrhizal fungi and inoculated seedlings, and screen for excellent mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis;

[0011] The mycorrhizal fungi culture method is as follows: the soil in the blueberry root system is washed with detergent, and then rinsed in running water for 10 minutes, and disinfected in a sterile clean bench, that is, soaked in 75% alcohol for 1 minute and then rinsed repeatedly with sterile water for 3 times, and then soaked in 1‰ mercuric chloride solution for 10 minutes and then rinsed repeatedly with sterile water for 3 times; the disinfected young root part is selected, and it is cut into 0.5 cm root segments with sterilized scissors, and then placed in a PDA culture dish, with 3 root segments placed in each culture dish;

[0012] Place the culture dish upside down in an incubator at a constant temperature of 25° and away from light for culture. After colonies grow in the culture dish, use a sterile inoculation loop to pick uncontaminated colonies and continue to purify and culture them in PDA medium until a single strain is obtained.

[0013] The strain was inoculated into sterile blueberry seedlings, and the formation of mycorrhiza was detected after 15 days. For the strains that can form mycorrhizal structures, they can be identified as mycorrhizal fungi.

[0014] S2. Develop a propagation matrix that matches blueberry mycorrhizal fungi;

[0015] Inoculation experiments were carried out using humus soil, peat soil and organic fertilizer in different proportions to screen suitable inoculation substrates and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation amounts, and to develop a matching blueberry mycorrhizal fungi substrate.

[0016] Furthermore, in S1-2, the physiological and biochemical indicators include: the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde content and chlorophyll content.

[0017] Further, a mycorrhizal cultivation method beneficial to blueberry cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Garden site selection and preparation;

[0019] Select sloping cultivated land with deep and loose soil, sufficient water source and convenient irrigation; clean and dig the garden before planting, build terraces with a width of 2.5m to 3.0m along the contour line, dig the land on the surface of the terrace to a depth of 40cm, and make it level; add the above-mentioned mycorrhizal fungi matrix, and combine it with green manure to make the organic matter content reach more than 10%; adjust the pH to 4.2-5.5 with peat soil, peat soil and acidic organic matter, deep plow the soil and level the land, build ridges with a row width of 2.5m, with a ridge surface width of 1.0m to 1.5m and a ridge height of 30cm to 40cm, and dig planting holes on the ridge surface; S2. Planting and mycorrhization;

[0020] Choose varieties that adapt to the local climate, soil conditions and have clear business positioning, and plant seedlings on a sunny day after rain or a cloudy day when blueberries stop growing and before budding; plant seedlings in containers all year round in places with sufficient water sources; planting requirements are: roots are relaxed, seedlings are upright and soil is compacted; place the seedlings in the center of the planting hole, cover with organic matter and fine soft soil, lift the seedlings upward to stretch their roots, then cover with 8cm to 10cm of soil and compact it to allow its roots to be in close contact with the soil, and finally cover with 8cm to 10cm of soft fine soil and water thoroughly to establish roots; cover the ground of the planting row with an organic matter such as crop straw, sawdust or crushed pine bark, with a covering thickness of more than 10cm; when planting seedlings, dip the roots with mycorrhizal agents and then plant them, and after planting, use a blueberry solid mycorrhizal fungus propagation matrix in hole or furrow application for secondary inoculation;

[0021] S3. Fertilization;

[0022] According to the growth of blueberries, one of the acidic organic fertilizers or slow-release compound fertilizers is spread on the planting rows; it is spread within the root width under the crown of the planting row 20 cm away from the base of the main stem, and then the soil between the rows is covered to a thickness of 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0023] Furthermore, in S1, the planting holes are 50 cm long × 50 cm wide × 30 cm deep, the spacing between highbush blueberries is 0.7 m to 1 m, and the spacing between rows is 2.5 m to 3.0 m; the spacing between rabbiteye blueberries is 1.0 m to 1.5 m, and the spacing between rows is 2.5 m to 3.0 m.

[0024] Furthermore, in S2, the seedling height was greater than 40 cm and the ground diameter was greater than 1 cm.

[0025] Further, in S3, fertilization of young trees: 1-2 year old young trees are given basal fertilizer once a year, and one of the decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from September to February of the following year, with an application of 3kg to 5kg per plant; fertilization of fruiting trees: 3 years old and above fruiting trees are given basal fertilizer once a year, and one of the decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from mid-September to February of the following year, with an application of 5kg to 10kg of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer mixed with 30g to 50g of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per plant.

[0026] Furthermore, in S3, the amount of fertilizer applied is determined based on soil fertility, tree growth, field management level and climate characteristics.

[0027] Furthermore, in S1-1, the blueberry root systems of different regions and types include the brilliant, powder blue and Lexi blueberry root systems of Majiang, Kaili, Hezhang and Huaxi areas of Guizhou Province. The following principles and beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the above scheme:

[0028] (1) The indigenous rhododendron mycorrhizal fungi of Guizhou were isolated and cultured and applied to the cultivation of blueberries on sloping farmland. A matrix for the reproduction of mycorrhizal fungi was developed. The efficient utilization technology of mycorrhizal fungi in the cultivation of blueberries was studied, which provided new ideas for the restoration of vegetation and soil improvement in degraded ecosystems.

[0029] (2) Use high-throughput sequencing and pure microbial culture techniques to screen out mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis and establish an efficient mycorrhizal-blueberry symbiosis to ensure the survival rate of blueberries, increase production, develop an ecological blueberry industry, and restore the degraded ecosystem of sloping farmland.

[0030] (3) By collecting wild Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi from Guizhou and isolating and culturing them, we screened out mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis and developed a matching reproduction matrix to provide technical support for the restoration of the degraded ecosystem of sloping farmland in Guizhou and the efficient cultivation of economic plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a statistical diagram of the growth of blueberry mycorrhizal fungi under different propagation substrate ratios according to the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0034] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown:

[0035] A mycorrhizal fungus substrate beneficial to blueberry cultivation, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Collection, isolation and culture of wild Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi in Guizhou;

[0037] S1-1. Collect roots and soil around roots of Ericaceae and blueberry plants from different regions and species; blueberry roots from different regions and species include the roots of Brilliant, Pink Blue and Lexi blueberries from Majiang, Kaili, Hezhang and Huaxi areas of Guizhou Province.

[0038] S1-2. Use pure culture and high-throughput sequencing technology to isolate and culture dominant wild ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, conduct inoculation experiments with blueberries, measure the physiological and biochemical indicators of mycorrhizal fungi and inoculated seedlings, and screen for excellent mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis;

[0039] The method for cultivating mycorrhizal fungi is as follows: the soil in the blueberry root system is washed with detergent, and then rinsed in running water for 10 minutes, and disinfected in a sterile clean bench, that is, soaked in 75% alcohol for 1 minute and then rinsed repeatedly with sterile water for 3 times, and then soaked in 1‰ mercuric chloride solution for 10 minutes and then rinsed repeatedly with sterile water for 3 times; select the disinfected young root part, cut it into 0.5cm root segments with sterilized scissors, and then put it into PDA culture dishes, with 3 root segments placed in each culture dish; invert the culture dish in an incubator at a constant temperature of 25° and in dark, and after the colony grows in the culture dish, pick the uncontaminated colony with a sterile inoculation loop and continue to purify and culture in PDA medium until a single strain is obtained; inoculate the strain into the blueberry sterile seedlings, and detect the formation of mycorrhiza after 15 days. For the species that can form mycorrhizal structure, it can be determined to be mycorrhizal fungi. The strains were molecularly identified by rDNA-ITS full sequence analysis. Seven mycorrhizal fungi identified through isolation and culture were used for substrate screening test.

[0040] S2. Develop a propagation matrix that matches blueberry mycorrhizal fungi;

[0041] Inoculation experiments were carried out using humus soil, peat soil and organic fertilizer in different proportions to screen suitable inoculation substrates and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation amounts, and to develop a matching blueberry mycorrhizal fungi substrate.

[0042] In S1-2, the physiological and biochemical indicators include: the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde content and chlorophyll content.

[0043] A mycorrhizal cultivation method beneficial to blueberry cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1. Garden site selection and preparation;

[0045] Select sloping farmland with deep, loose soil, sufficient water and convenient irrigation. Clean and dig the garden before planting. Build terraces with a width of 2.5m to 3.0m along the contour lines. Dig the land to a depth of 40cm and make it level. Add the above-mentioned mycorrhizal fungi matrix and combine it with green manure to make the organic matter content reach more than 10%. Use peat soil, peat soil and acidic organic matter to adjust the pH to 4.2-5.5. After deep plowing and leveling the land, build ridges and beds with a row width of 2.5m, a bed width of 1.0m to 1.5m and a ridge height of 30cm to 40cm, and dig planting holes on the ridge surface.

[0046] S2. Planting and mycorrhization;

[0047] Choose varieties that adapt to the local climate, soil conditions and have clear business positioning, and plant the seedlings on a sunny day after rain or a cloudy day when the blueberry stops growing and before germination; plant seedlings in containers all year round in places with sufficient water sources; planting requirements are: roots are relaxed, seedlings are upright and soil is compacted; place the seedlings in the center of the planting hole, cover with organic matter and fine soft soil, lift the seedlings upward to stretch their roots, then cover with 8cm to 10cm of soil and compact it to keep its roots in close contact with the soil, and finally cover with 8cm to 10cm of soft fine soil, and water thoroughly to establish roots; cover the ground of the planting row with an organic matter such as crop straw, sawdust or crushed pine bark, with a covering thickness of more than 10cm; when planting seedlings, dip the roots with mycorrhizal agents and then plant them, and after planting, use a blueberry solid mycorrhizal fungus propagation matrix in hole application or furrow application for a second inoculation. S3. Fertilization;

[0048] According to the growth of blueberries, one of the acidic organic fertilizers or slow-release compound fertilizers is spread on the planting rows; it is spread within the root width under the crown of the planting row 20 cm away from the base of the main stem, and then the soil between the rows is covered to a thickness of 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0049] In S1, the planting holes are 50cm long × 50cm wide × 30cm deep. The spacing between highbush blueberries is 0.7m to 1m, and the row spacing is 2.5m to 3.0m; the spacing between rabbiteye blueberries is 1.0m to 1.5m, and the row spacing is 2.5m to 3.0m.

[0050] In S2, the seedling height was greater than 40 cm and the ground diameter was greater than 1 cm.

[0051] In S3, fertilization of young trees: 1-2 year old young trees are given basal fertilizer once a year, and one of the decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from September to February of the following year, with an application of 3kg-5kg per plant; fertilization of fruiting trees: 3-year old and above fruiting trees are given basal fertilizer once a year, and one of the decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from mid-September to February of the following year, with an application of 5kg-10kg of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer mixed with 30g-50g of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per plant.

[0052] In S3, the amount of fertilizer applied is determined based on soil fertility, tree growth, field management level and climate characteristics.

[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0054] The first step is to collect and isolate mycorrhizal fungi from wild Ericaceae in Guizhou

[0055] The roots and soil around the roots of Ericaceae plants of different species and regions were collected. Pure culture and high-throughput sequencing technologies were used to isolate and culture dominant wild ericoid mycorrhizal fungi. A backgrafting experiment was carried out using blueberry as the material. The physiological and biochemical indices of mycorrhizal fungi and inoculated seedlings were determined to screen excellent mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis. Among them, the physiological and biochemical indices included: the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde content and chlorophyll content.

[0056] The second step is to develop a breeding matrix that matches blueberry mycorrhizal fungi

[0057] Inoculation experiments were carried out using humus soil, peat soil and organic fertilizer in different proportions to screen suitable inoculation substrates and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation amounts, and to develop a matching blueberry mycorrhizal fungi substrate.

[0058] A mycorrhizal cultivation method beneficial to blueberry cultivation comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Garden Site Selection and Preparation

[0060] Select sloping cultivated land with deep and loose soil, sufficient water and convenient irrigation. Clean and dig the garden before planting, build terraces with a width of 2.5m along the contour lines, dig the land to a depth of 40cm and make it level. Add the above-mentioned mycorrhizal fungi matrix and combine it with pressed green manure to make the organic matter content reach more than 10%. Use peat soil, peat soil and acidic organic matter to adjust the pH to 4.2, deep plow the soil and level the land, build ridges and beds with a row width of 2.5m, with a bed width of 1.0m and a ridge height of 30cm, and dig planting holes on the ridge surface. Among them, the planting holes are 50cm long × 50cm wide × 30cm deep, and the spacing between highbush blueberries is 0.7m and the row spacing is 2.5m; the spacing between rabbiteye blueberries is 1.0m and the row spacing is 2.5m.

[0061] Step 2: Planting and mycorrhization

[0062] Choose varieties that are adapted to the local climate, soil conditions and have clear business positioning. Plant the seedlings on a sunny day after rain or a cloudy day when the blueberries stop growing and before they sprout. Plant seedlings in containers all year round in places with sufficient water. Planting requirements are: roots are relaxed, seedlings are upright and soil is compacted. Place the seedlings in the center of the planting hole, cover with organic matter and soft soil, lift the seedlings upward to stretch their roots, then cover with 8cm of soil and compact it to keep the roots in close contact with the soil. Finally, cover with 8cm of soft fine soil and water thoroughly to set the roots. Cover the ground of the planting row with an organic matter such as crop straw, sawdust or crushed pine bark. This embodiment uses crushed pine bark with a covering thickness of more than 10cm. The third step is fertilization.

[0063] According to the growth of blueberries, one of acidic organic fertilizer or slow-release compound fertilizer is spread on the planting row. In this embodiment, slow-release compound fertilizer is selected; it is spread on the root width range under the tree crown of the planting row 20 cm away from the main stem at the base, and then the soil between the rows is covered with a thickness of 3 cm. Fertilization of young trees: 1-2 year old young trees are fertilized once a year, and one of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from September to February of the following year. In this embodiment, organic fertilizer is selected, and 3 kg is applied per plant; Fertilization of fruit trees: 3 years old and above fruit trees are fertilized once a year, and one of 5 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer mixed with 30 g of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied to each plant before budding from mid-September to February of the following year. In this embodiment, decomposed farmyard manure is selected. The amount of fertilizer is determined according to soil fertility, tree growth, field management level and climate characteristics.

[0064] The quality screening test design is shown in Table 1 and Table 2:

[0065] Table 1 Matrix test design 1

[0066] serial number peat Perlite Vermiculite Wood chips Wheat bran Cha Ku Camellia oleifera M1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 M2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 M3 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 M4 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 M5 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 M6 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 M7 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 M8 2 2 1 2 1 1 2

[0067] Table 2 Matrix Experiment Design 2

[0068]

[0069] Mix various substrates according to the volume ratio, add appropriate amount of pure water, mix well, put into plastic bags, seal and ferment for one month to make the substrate fully decomposed. After the substrate is decomposed, it is divided into culture bottles, 20mL of 1:10 brown sugar water is added to each culture bottle, and sterilized in an autoclave at 121° for 30 minutes. After cooling, 10mL of bacterial solution is added to each bottle under sterile conditions and fully stirred, and sealed with sealing film. Each treatment has 3 replicates, placed in a relative humidity of 85% to 95%, and cultured in a 25℃ incubator for 7d-10d; the growth statistics of blueberry mycorrhizal fungi under different reproduction substrate ratios are as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0070] Statistical analysis of strain growth showed that M15 was the most suitable reproduction matrix for blueberry mycorrhizal fungi. The optimal reproduction matrix for blueberry mycorrhizal fungi was peat: tea dregs: tea oil cake = 2:1:2 (volume ratio), with 200g (1:10) of brown sugar water added for every 1kg.

[0071] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A mycorrhizal fungal substrate beneficial to blueberry cultivation, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. Collection, isolation and culture of wild Ericaceae mycorrhizal fungi in Guizhou; S1-1. Collect roots and soil around roots of Ericaceae and blueberry plants from different regions and species; S1-2. Use pure culture and high-throughput sequencing technology to isolate and culture dominant wild ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, conduct inoculation experiments with blueberries, measure the physiological and biochemical indicators of mycorrhizal fungi and inoculated seedlings, and screen for excellent mycorrhizal fungi suitable for blueberry symbiosis; The mycorrhizal fungi culture method is as follows: the soil in the blueberry root system is washed with detergent, and then rinsed in running water for 10 minutes, and disinfected in a sterile clean bench, that is, soaked in 75% alcohol for 1 minute and then rinsed repeatedly with sterile water for 3 times, and then soaked in 1‰ mercuric chloride solution for 10 minutes and then rinsed repeatedly with sterile water for 3 times; the disinfected young root part is selected, and it is cut into 0.5 cm root segments with sterilized scissors, and then placed in a PDA culture dish, with 3 root segments placed in each culture dish; Place the culture dish upside down in an incubator at a constant temperature of 25° and away from light for culture. After colonies grow in the culture dish, use a sterile inoculation loop to pick uncontaminated colonies and continue to purify and culture them in PDA medium until a single strain is obtained. The strain was inoculated into sterile blueberry seedlings, and the formation of mycorrhiza was detected after 15 days. For the strains that can form mycorrhizal structures, they can be identified as mycorrhizal fungi. S2. Develop a propagation matrix that matches blueberry mycorrhizal fungi; Inoculation experiments were carried out using humus soil, peat soil and organic fertilizer in different proportions to screen suitable inoculation substrates and mycorrhizal fungi inoculation amounts, and to develop a matching blueberry mycorrhizal fungi substrate.

2. The mycorrhizal fungal substrate for blueberry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1-2, the physiological and biochemical indicators include: the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein, superoxide dismutase activity, peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde content and chlorophyll content.

3. A mycorrhizal cultivation method for blueberry cultivation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Garden site selection and preparation; Select sloping cultivated land with deep and loose soil, sufficient water source and convenient irrigation; clean and dig the garden before planting, build terraces with a width of 2.5m to 3.0m along the contour line, dig the land on the surface of the terrace to a depth of 40cm, and make it level; add the above-mentioned mycorrhizal fungi matrix, and combine it with green manure to make the organic matter content reach more than 10%; adjust the pH to 4.2-5.5 with peat soil, peat soil and acidic organic matter, deep plow the soil and level the land, build ridges with a row width of 2.5m, with a ridge surface width of 1.0m to 1.5m and a ridge height of 30cm to 40cm, and dig planting holes on the ridge surface; S2. Planting and mycorrhization; Choose varieties that adapt to the local climate, soil conditions and have clear business positioning, and plant seedlings on a sunny day after rain or a cloudy day when blueberries stop growing and before budding; plant seedlings in containers all year round in places with sufficient water sources; planting requirements are: roots are relaxed, seedlings are upright and soil is compacted; place the seedlings in the center of the planting hole, cover with organic matter and fine soft soil, lift the seedlings upward to stretch their roots, then cover with 8cm to 10cm of soil and compact it to allow its roots to be in close contact with the soil, and finally cover with 8cm to 10cm of soft fine soil and water thoroughly to establish roots; cover the ground of the planting row with an organic matter such as crop straw, sawdust or crushed pine bark, with a covering thickness of more than 10cm; when planting seedlings, dip the roots with mycorrhizal agents and then plant them, and after planting, use a blueberry solid mycorrhizal fungus propagation matrix in hole or furrow application for secondary inoculation; S3. Fertilization; According to the growth of blueberries, one of the acidic organic fertilizers or slow-release compound fertilizers is spread on the planting rows; it is spread within the root width under the crown of the planting row 20 cm away from the base of the main stem, and then the soil between the rows is covered to a thickness of 3 cm to 5 cm.

4. The mycorrhizal cultivation method for blueberry cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S1, the planting holes are 50cm long × 50cm wide × 30cm deep. The spacing between highbush blueberries is 0.7m to 1m, and the row spacing is 2.5m to 3.0m; the spacing between rabbiteye blueberries is 1.0m to 1.5m, and the row spacing is 2.5m to 3.0m.

5. The mycorrhizal cultivation method for blueberry cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S2, in S2, the seedling height is greater than 40cm and the ground diameter is greater than 1cm.

6. The mycorrhizal cultivation method for blueberry cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, fertilization of young trees: 1-2 year old young trees are given basal fertilizer once a year, and one of the decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from September to February of the following year, with an application of 3kg-5kg per plant; fertilization of fruiting trees: 3-year old and above fruiting trees are given basal fertilizer once a year, and one of the decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer is applied before budding from mid-September to February of the following year, with an application of 5kg-10kg of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer mixed with 30g-50g of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per plant.

7. The mycorrhizal cultivation method for blueberry cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, the amount of fertilizer applied is determined based on soil fertility, tree growth, field management level and climate characteristics.

8. The mycorrhizal cultivation method for blueberry cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1-1, the root systems of blueberry plants from different regions and species include the root systems of brilliant, powdery blue and Lexi blueberries from Majiang, Kaili, Hezhang and Huaxi areas of Guizhou Province.

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