Ganoderma sinensis extract and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cosmetic raw materials, and particularly discloses a ganoderma sinensis extract and a preparation method thereof. The ganoderma sinensis extract is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 0.01 to 0.5 part of polysaccharide, 0.05 to 0.5 part of triterpenoids, 0.05 to 0.5 part of protein and 0.01 to 0.5 part of polypeptide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving Ganoderma sinensis to obtain Ganoderma sinensis micro-powder, and performing micro-pressure treatment on the Ganoderma sinensis micro-powder; mixing the Ganoderma sinensis particles with pure water to obtain a mixed solution, and stirring the mixed solution at normal temperature; after soaking, heating the mixed solution, preserving heat and extracting; carrying out rough filtration and fine filtration on the mixed solution through a filter material after the heat preservation is finished; concentrating the filtrate, and mixing with a redissolving solvent; and filtering the concentrated product under reduced pressure, and heating and sterilizing the product to obtain the ganoderma sinensis extract. The ganoderma sinensis extract disclosed by the invention can be applied to cosmetics and has the advantages of resisting wrinkles and tightening; the preparation method has the advantages of simple process and high product purity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of cosmetic raw materials, and more specifically, to a Ganoderma lucidum extract and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ganoderma sinense is a precious fungus in the genus Ganoderma, and occupies an important position in traditional Chinese medicine. With the development of modern science and technology, people's use of Ganoderma sinense is no longer limited to its original form, and Ganoderma sinense extract has become the focus of research and application. Ganoderma sinense extract is a substance containing a variety of active ingredients obtained from Ganoderma sinense fruiting bodies, spores and other parts through a series of extraction processes. Ganoderma sinense extract is rich in polysaccharides, triterpenes, and protein compounds, as well as amino acids, steroids, organic acids, trace elements and other ingredients.

[0003] The antioxidant components in Ganoderma lucidum extract, such as triterpenes and polysaccharides, can remove excessive free radicals in the body and reduce the oxidative damage of free radicals to cells, thereby reducing the formation of skin wrinkles and delaying skin aging. Ganoderma lucidum extract can inhibit the production and release of inflammatory factors, help relieve skin inflammation, and have a certain improvement effect on skin problems such as acne and eczema. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum extract is currently widely used in personal care products such as cosmetics.

[0004] However, there are still problems with the preparation process of Ganoderma lucidum extract. There are many types of effective ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum extract, and to ensure their extraction utilization rate, a complex extraction and preparation process is required, which makes the manufacturing cost of enterprises high. However, with a simple immersion or heat reflux extraction method, the effective content of Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained is insufficient, the utilization rate of Ganoderma lucidum is low, and it will also cause waste of Ganoderma lucidum raw materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a Ganoderma lucidum extract and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a Ganoderma lucidum extract using the following technical solution: A ganoderma lucidum extract comprises the following components by weight: 0.01-0.5 parts of polysaccharide, 0.05-0.5 parts of triterpenoid compounds, 0.05-0.5 parts of protein and 0.01-0.5 parts of polypeptide.

[0007] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract comprises the following steps: Pretreatment: Ganoderma lucidum is crushed and passed through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum powder, and then the Ganoderma lucidum powder is treated at 100-110°C and a pressure of 0.05-0.1Mpa for 20-60min; Soaking: Mix the Ganoderma lucidum granules with pure water in a mass ratio of 1:(15-30) to obtain a mixed solution, and stir the mixed solution at room temperature for 0.5-1h; Extraction: After soaking, heat the mixture to 75-95℃ and keep warm for 1-3h; Filtration: After the heat preservation is completed, the mixed liquid is coarsely filtered through the filter material at -0.08~-0.1MPa, and the filter pore size is 15-50μm; Fine filtration: The product after coarse filtration is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08~-0.1MPa, and the pore size of the filter material is 0.3~0.5μm; Concentration: Concentrate the filtrate to the same mass as Ganoderma lucidum micropowder, and mix the concentrate with the reconstitution solvent in a mass ratio of 1:(15-30); Secondary fine filtration: The concentrated product is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08~-0.1MPa, and the pore size of the filter material is 0.3~0.5μm; Sterilization: The product after the secondary fine filtration is sterilized by heating to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the ganoderma lucidum is crushed and passed through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain micro powder, which increases the specific surface area of ​​the raw material and makes the contact between the solvent and the raw material more sufficient in the subsequent extraction process. By treating at 100-110°C and a pressure of 0.05-0.1Mpa, this mild pretreatment method helps to destroy the cell wall structure of ganoderma lucidum, making it easier to release the effective ingredients in the cells, thereby improving the extraction rate. In the soaking step, the ganoderma lucidum micro powder is mixed with pure water at a mass ratio of 1: (15-30), and stirred and soaked at room temperature for 0.5-1h, so that the water can fully penetrate into the micro powder particles and initially dissolve some water-soluble effective ingredients. Then heat and keep warm. The higher temperature can accelerate the molecular movement and further promote the diffusion of effective ingredients from the raw material to the solvent. Moreover, this temperature range can not only ensure the extraction efficiency, but also avoid the damage of some heat-sensitive effective ingredients caused by excessively high temperature, so that more types of effective ingredients can be extracted, thereby improving the overall extraction rate of effective ingredients. First, coarse filtration can be performed to remove larger particles of impurities in the extract, such as incompletely crushed Ganoderma lucidum residues. Then, fine filtration under reduced pressure can effectively remove tiny impurity particles, colloids, and possible microorganisms. This multi-stage filtration method can significantly improve the clarity and purity of the extract, obtain high-quality Ganoderma lucidum extract, and reduce the impact of impurities on the quality and stability of the extract. Through the optimization of the above-mentioned pretreatment, extraction and filtration steps, this process can more fully extract the effective ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum. This can reduce the waste of Ganoderma lucidum raw materials caused by incomplete extraction, improve the utilization rate of Ganoderma lucidum, and make more effective use of precious Ganoderma lucidum resources. This process is relatively simple. Through reasonable step combination and parameter setting, while improving the extraction rate and product quality, it can also control costs to a certain extent.

[0009] Optionally, the mixed solution in the soaking step is first subjected to high-pressure microfluidization treatment and then stirred at room temperature. The specific steps of the high-pressure microfluidization treatment are: The mixed liquid is subjected to high-pressure microfluidization treatment at 80-140 MPa, using a pulsed jet mode and a treatment temperature of 0-45°C.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, high-pressure microfluidization treatment with a pressure of 80-140MPa can produce a strong physical force on Ganoderma lucidum cells. The cell wall of Ganoderma lucidum is relatively tough. Compared with traditional methods, the present application can more thoroughly rupture the cell wall and release the effective ingredients in the cell. The use of a pulsed jet mode can produce a stronger cavitation effect during the treatment process. The cavitation effect can further enhance the destructive effect on the cell wall and can release the effective ingredients in the cell more evenly. High-pressure microfluidization treatment at a low temperature of 0-45°C can effectively protect the heat-sensitive effective ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum extract. After high-pressure microfluidization treatment, the Ganoderma lucidum particles become smaller and more uniform, and the specific surface area of ​​the particles is significantly increased. This greatly increases the contact area between the Ganoderma lucidum particles and pure water in the subsequent soaking and extraction steps, and the solvent can interact more fully with the effective ingredients.

[0011] Optionally, the pretreatment further includes fumigation treatment, which is performed before the pressure treatment. The method of the fumigation treatment is: Steam the Ganoderma lucidum powder in boiling water vapor for 15-40 minutes.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, water vapor fumigation can moderately soften the cell wall of Ganoderma lucidum micropowder, which is beneficial to the subsequent extraction steps. The softening of the cell wall makes it easier to release the effective ingredients in the cell during the subsequent extraction process, thereby improving the extraction efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, after soaking in the extraction step, the mixed solution is heated to 75°C, the mixed solution is heated by 5°C every 25-45 minutes, and when the mixed solution is heated to 95°C, it is kept warm for 20-30 minutes.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, this method can gently extract the effective ingredients, avoid damage to heat-sensitive ingredients due to sudden temperature rise, and make full use of the temperature gradient to dissolve a variety of effective ingredients in their respective suitable temperature ranges; it can improve the extraction efficiency and quality, accelerate the diffusion of effective ingredients, maintain their activity while extracting efficiently, and make the extraction process more stable; it also helps to reduce energy consumption and costs, avoid early energy waste, and extend the service life of equipment.

[0015] Optionally, the re-dissolving solvent includes one or more of a butanediol solution, a glycerol solution or a 1,3-propylene glycol solution.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, butanediol, glycerol and 1,3-propylene glycol are all excellent organic solvents, and various effective ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum extract, such as triterpenoids, sterols and other fat-soluble ingredients, have good solubility in these solvents. For some effective ingredients that are poorly soluble in water, the re-dissolving solvent can increase their solubility, so that these ingredients can be more evenly dispersed after the concentrate is mixed with the re-dissolving solvent, thereby ensuring the content of various effective ingredients in the extract, improving the overall quality of the extract, and preventing the extract from stratification, precipitation and other physical instability during storage. In addition, these re-dissolving solvents have certain antioxidant properties, which prevent contact with oxygen in the air and reduce the occurrence of oxidation reactions.

[0017] Optionally, when the mass concentration of butanediol, glycerol and 1,3-propylene glycol in the reconstitution solvent is less than 50%, a preservative needs to be added, and the amount of the preservative is 0.3-2.0% of the total mass after reconstitution.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mass concentration of butanediol or glycerol or 1,3-propylene glycol in the reconstitution solvent is less than 50%, adding a preservative can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, prevent bacteria, molds, yeasts and other microorganisms from contaminating the Ganoderma lucidum extract, protect the active ingredients from degradation and destruction by microorganisms, and maintain their biological activity and pharmacological efficacy. The amount of preservative is controlled at 0.3-2.0% of the mass of the reconstitution solvent. Using preservatives within this range can ensure the antibacterial effect while preventing the extract from causing harm to the human body.

[0019] Optionally, the preservative is one or more of fennel, 1,2-hexanediol or 1,2-pentanediol.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, xinxian ketone, 1,2-hexanediol, and 1,2-pentanediol can effectively prevent the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, ensuring the stability and safety of the extract during storage and use. These three preservatives can exert excellent antibacterial effects at lower concentrations and will not have adverse effects on the effective ingredients and product performance of Ganoderma lucidum extract. Xinxian ketone, 1,2-hexanediol, and 1,2-pentanediol can be evenly dispersed in the re-dissolving solvent without problems such as precipitation, stratification, or mutual reaction, ensuring the effectiveness and stability of the preservatives in the entire system. The preservatives in this application are relatively safe preservatives with low toxicity and low irritation. They also meet relevant safety standards and regulatory requirements, providing consumers with higher safety guarantees.

[0021] Optionally, when the reconstitution solvent is a butanediol solution or a 1,3-propylene glycol solution, the solution is sterilized at 85-90° C. for 30-40 min in the sterilization step.

[0022] Optionally, when the reconstitution solvent is a glycerol solution, the solution is sterilized at 95-100° C. for 30-40 minutes during the sterilization step.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of 85-90°C is relatively mild, and the damage to the effective ingredients of the Ganoderma lucidum extract in the butanediol and 1,3-propylene glycol solutions is relatively small. The properties of these two reconstitution solvents are relatively stable at this temperature. Butanediol and 1,3-propylene glycol will not decompose, oxidize or other chemical reactions will occur in the temperature range of 85-90°C, ensuring that the reconstitution solvent can still play a normal role in dissolving and stabilizing the Ganoderma lucidum extract after sterilization, and will not be affected by the sterilization process. The interaction between it and the effective ingredients of the extract will not be affected. Glycerol itself has good thermal stability and can withstand heating for a certain period of time at a temperature of 95-100°C without changing its properties. At the same time, the high boiling point and viscosity of glycerol can provide protection for the effective ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum extract to a certain extent, reducing the direct impact of high temperature on the effective ingredients.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of a Ganoderma lucidum extract, using the following technical solution: An application of a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is applied in cosmetics.

[0025] The application of Ganoderma lucidum extract in cosmetics has significant effects. In terms of anti-wrinkle and firming, the triterpenoid compounds it contains can stimulate fibroblasts to synthesize collagen and elastic fibers, regulate the components of the extracellular matrix to enhance skin elasticity and toughness, and its antioxidant effect can protect skin structural proteins from free radical attacks. In terms of soothing, it can inhibit the production and release of inflammatory factors, repair damaged skin barriers, regulate skin immune responses, and reduce inflammation and discomfort caused by external stimuli. In terms of brightening, it can reduce melanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase activity, promote the decomposition and transportation of melanosomes, improve skin microcirculation, and accelerate the discharge of metabolic waste, thereby fading pigmentation, brightening skin tone, and making the skin healthier and more beautiful.

[0026] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application realizes efficient and high-quality extraction of effective ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum by increasing the specific surface area of ​​raw materials through crushing and screening, mild pretreatment to destroy cell walls, optimization of soaking and extraction conditions, and multi-stage filtration to improve clarity and purity, so that polysaccharides, triterpenoids, proteins, and polypeptide components can be extracted simultaneously and remain stable, thereby improving the utilization rate of Ganoderma lucidum and maintaining the economy of the process.

[0027] 2. In this application, butanediol solution, glycerol solution or 1,3-propylene glycol solution is preferably used as the reconstitution solvent, which can optimize the solubility of fat-soluble components, improve the quality of the extract and prevent physical instability. When the concentration of glycerol or butanediol or 1,3-propylene glycol is less than 50%, adding 0.3-2.0% cinnamone or 1,2-hexanediol or 1,2-pentanediol as a preservative can inhibit the growth of microorganisms, ensure the stability and safety of the extract, and ensure that the preservative is harmless to the human body and meets safety standards.

[0028] 3. The Ganoderma lucidum extract in this application is used in cosmetics. The triterpenoid compounds it contains can enhance skin elasticity and toughness, and protect skin structural proteins through antioxidant properties. At the same time, it can also inhibit inflammatory factors, repair skin barriers, and regulate immune responses to soothe the skin. In addition, by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and promoting melanin metabolism, Ganoderma lucidum extract can also brighten skin tone and make the skin healthier and more beautiful. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It is particularly noted that if no specific conditions are specified in the following examples, the experiments are carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples can be obtained from common commercial sources.

[0030] Example 1 A preparation method of Ganoderma lucidum extract: Preprocessing Select raw materials of Ganoderma lucidum, wash and dry it, and use a crusher to crush the Ganoderma lucidum. The crushed Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micropowder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, crush them again and sieve them again.

[0031] Put the Ganoderma lucidum powder into the autoclave. Set the temperature to 105℃ and the pressure to 0.08Mpa. The processing time is controlled within 45 minutes.

[0032] soak At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 23 kg of pure water in a clean container, and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min using a stirrer to obtain a uniform mixture, and the mixture was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0033] extract After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixed solution to 85°C and keep it warm for 2 hours.

[0034] filter After the heat preservation is completed, the mixed solution is coarsely filtered through a filter paperboard with a pore size distribution of 15-50 μm, and the filtration is carried out at a pressure of -0.09 MPa by a vacuum pump.

[0035] The coarsely filtered product is then finely filtered through a filter paperboard with a pore size distribution of 0.3-0.5 μm, also at a pressure of -0.09 MPa.

[0036] concentrate The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure at -0.05 MPa and 60°C by a rotary evaporator, and the concentration was stopped when the filtrate was concentrated to 1 kg to obtain a concentrated solution. The concentrated solution was mixed with a re-dissolving solvent at a mass ratio of 1:25, and stirred at a speed of 300 r / min for 10 minutes by a stirrer. In this embodiment, a 50% mass concentration of butanediol aqueous solution was selected as the re-dissolving solvent.

[0037] Secondary fine filtration The concentrated product is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.09 MPa for secondary fine filtration. The filter material is a filter paperboard with a pore size distribution of 0.3-0.5 μm.

[0038] Sterilization The product after the secondary fine filtration was heated to 88°C for sterilization for 30-40 minutes to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: Select raw materials of Ganoderma lucidum, wash and dry it, and use a crusher to crush the Ganoderma lucidum. The crushed Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micropowder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, crush them again and sieve them again.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: Select raw materials of Ganoderma lucidum, wash and dry it, and use a crusher to crush it. The crushed Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micropowder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, crush them again and re-sieve them.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: Put the Ganoderma lucidum powder into the autoclave. Set the temperature to 105℃ and the pressure to 0.05Mpa. The processing time is controlled within 45 minutes.

[0045] Example 5

[0046] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: Put the Ganoderma lucidum powder into the autoclave. Set the temperature to 105℃ and the pressure to 0.1Mpa. The processing time is controlled within 45 minutes.

[0047] Example 6

[0048] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 15 kg of pure water in a clean container, and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min using a stirrer to obtain a uniform mixture, and the mixture was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0049] Example 7

[0050] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 30 kg of pure water in a clean container, and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min using a stirrer to obtain a uniform mixture, and the mixture was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0051] Example 8

[0052] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixed solution to 75°C and keep it warm for 2 hours.

[0053] Example 9

[0054] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixed solution to 95°C and keep it warm for 2 hours.

[0055] Example 10

[0056] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixed solution to 75°C and increase the temperature by 5°C every 25 minutes. When the temperature reaches 95°C, keep it warm for 25 minutes.

[0057] Embodiment 11

[0058] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: The concentrate was mixed with the reconstitution solvent in a mass ratio of 1:15.

[0059] Example 12

[0060] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: The concentrate was mixed with the reconstitution solvent in a mass ratio of 1:30.

[0061] Embodiment 13

[0062] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: In this embodiment, the re-dissolution solvent is a 40% mass concentration of butanediol aqueous solution.

[0063] Embodiment 14

[0064] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: In this embodiment, the re-dissolving solvent is a 40% mass concentration of butanediol solution, and 0.2% of cinnamaldehyde and 0.2% of 1,2-hexanediol are added based on the mass of the re-dissolving solvent.

[0065] Embodiment 15

[0066] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: In this embodiment, the reconstitution solvent is a glycerol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 50%, and the sterilization step is sterilized at 98° C. for 35 minutes.

[0067] Example 16

[0068] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: In this embodiment, the re-dissolution solvent is a 1,3-propylene glycol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 50%.

[0069] Embodiment 17

[0070] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: Select raw materials of Ganoderma lucidum, wash and dry it, and use a crusher to crush the Ganoderma lucidum. The crushed Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micropowder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, crush them again and sieve them again.

[0071] The Ganoderma micro powder was first fumigated in a fumigation device with water vapor at 75±5℃ for 30 minutes, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor. The temperature was set to 110℃ and the pressure range was 0.08Mpa for treatment. The treatment time was controlled within 45 minutes.

[0072] Embodiment 18

[0073] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 23 kg of pure water in a clean container, and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min using an agitator to obtain a uniform mixed solution. The mixed solution was transferred to a high-pressure microfluidization treatment device, and the pressure was gradually increased from 20 MPa / min to 120 MPa for high-pressure microfluidization treatment of the mixed solution. A pulsed jet mode was used with a pulse frequency of 4 Hz for 6 min and a treatment temperature of 25°C. After the treatment, the mixed solution was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0074] Embodiment 19

[0075] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 18 in that: At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 23 kg of pure water in a clean container, and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min using an agitator to obtain a uniform mixed solution. The mixed solution was transferred to a high-pressure microfluidization treatment equipment, and the pressure was gradually increased from 20 MPa / min to 80 MPa for high-pressure microfluidization treatment of the mixed solution. A pulsed jet mode was used with a pulse frequency of 4 Hz, a treatment time of 4 min, and a treatment temperature of 25°C. After the treatment, the mixed solution was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0076] Embodiment 20

[0077] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 18 in that: At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 23 kg of pure water in a clean container, and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min using an agitator to obtain a uniform mixed solution. The mixed solution was transferred to a high-pressure microfluidization treatment equipment, and the pressure was gradually increased from 20 MPa / min to 140 MPa for high-pressure microfluidization treatment of the mixed solution. A pulsed jet mode was used with a pulse frequency of 4 Hz, the treatment time was 7 min, and the treatment temperature was 25°C. After the treatment, the mixed solution was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0078] Embodiment 21

[0079] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: In this embodiment, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 15 kg of pure water in a clean container, and a glycerol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 50% was selected as the re-dissolving solvent.

[0080] Embodiment 22

[0081] A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, which is different from that of Example 1 in that: In this embodiment, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 15 kg of pure water in a clean container, and a glycerol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 70% was selected as the re-dissolving solvent.

[0082] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract is different from that of Example 1 in that no micro-pressure treatment at 110° C. is performed during pretreatment.

[0083] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract is different from that of Example 1 in that the concentrated solution is not mixed with a re-dissolving solvent.

[0084] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum extract is different from that of Example 1 in that no secondary fine filtration is performed.

[0085] Detection Methods The effective components of the Ganoderma lucidum extracts obtained in Examples 1-21 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were determined by LC-10T high performance liquid chromatography, wherein the mobile phase was methanol-water at a ratio of 30:70 (v / v).

[0086] The antioxidant test of the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was carried out by ABTS free radical scavenging test and the free radical scavenging rate was calculated. In the test, 7 mmol / L ABTS stock solution and 2.45 mmol / L potassium persulfate solution were used. Equal volumes of ABTS stock solution and potassium persulfate solution were mixed and allowed to react for 12 hours at room temperature and in the dark to form ABTS・ + Free radical stock solution, ABTS・ + The free radical stock solution was diluted to an absorbance of 0.70±0.02 at a wavelength of 734 nm.

[0087] 20 g of the Ganoderma lucidum extracts prepared in the examples and comparative examples were respectively put into transparent sealed bottles, and allowed to stand at room temperature of 25° C. for 72 h to observe whether precipitation or turbidity was generated in the bottles, so as to evaluate the stability.

[0088] The Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested for its anti-wrinkle and soothing effects. 40 volunteers with healthy skin were recruited and 2 g of Ganoderma lucidum extract was applied to the designated areas daily for 90 consecutive days. The skin conditions of the volunteers were recorded before and after the test and scored on a scale of 0-5, with 0 point for no obvious effect and 5 points for a significant effect. The scores were collected and the average value was calculated.

[0089] Table 1 Composition data

[0090] Table 2 Stability data

[0091] Table 3 Experimental data

[0092] It can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 and Tables 1-3 that by treating at 105°C and a pressure of 0.05-0.1 MPa, this mild pretreatment method helps to destroy the cell wall structure of Ganoderma lucidum, making it easier to release the active ingredients in the cells. The obtained Ganoderma lucidum extract has a higher content of active ingredients and a higher free radical scavenging rate, and has a better anti-wrinkle effect after application.

[0093] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 with Tables 1-3, it can be seen that the re-dissolving solvent can provide a better dissolving environment for the active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum, improve the extraction rate, and the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained is stable in nature and does not have problems such as precipitation and precipitation. The Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained by the method of the present application has a higher free radical scavenging rate and better anti-wrinkle effect after application.

[0094] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 with Tables 1-3, it can be seen that the secondary fine filtration can make the quality of the extract more stable and reduce the impact of new impurities introduced during the extraction process on the purity of the product. The Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained by the method of the present application has a higher free radical scavenging rate and better anti-wrinkle effect after application.

[0095] Combining Examples 1-10 and Tables 1-2, it can be seen that the Ganoderma lucidum is crushed and passed through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain micropowder, which increases the specific surface area of ​​the raw material and makes the contact between the solvent and the raw material more sufficient during the subsequent extraction process. By treating at 105°C and a pressure of 0.05-0.1Mpa, this mild pretreatment method helps to destroy the cell wall structure of Ganoderma lucidum, making it easier to release the effective ingredients in the cells; Ganoderma lucidum micropowder is mixed with pure water at a mass ratio of 1: (15-30), and stirred and soaked at room temperature for 0.5-1h, so that water can fully penetrate into the micropowder particles and preliminarily dissolve some water-soluble effective ingredients. Then heat to 75-95°C and keep warm. The higher temperature can accelerate molecular movement and further promote the diffusion of effective ingredients from the raw material to the solvent. The variable temperature method is used in the heating extraction process, and the temperature gradient is fully utilized to dissolve a variety of effective ingredients in their respective suitable temperature ranges, which can improve the extraction efficiency and quality.

[0096] It can be seen from Examples 1, 10-16 and 21-22 and Table 1-2 that butylene glycol, glycerol and 1,3-propylene glycol are all excellent organic solvents, and various active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum extract, such as triterpenoid compounds and other fat-soluble ingredients, have good solubility in these solvents. When the mass concentration of butylene glycol or glycerol or 1,3-propylene glycol in the re-dissolving solvent is less than 50%, adding a preservative can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and protect the active ingredients from degradation and destruction by microorganisms.

[0097] It can be seen from Example 1 and Examples 17-20 and Table 1-2 that the gradual pressurization method can destroy the cell wall structure more gently and effectively. Compared with the traditional method, it can rupture the cell wall more thoroughly and release the effective ingredients in the cell. The use of a pulsed jet mode can produce a stronger cavitation effect during the treatment process. The cavitation effect can further enhance the destructive effect on the cell wall and can release the effective ingredients in the cell more evenly. Boiling water vapor fumigation can moderately soften the cell wall of the Ganoderma lucidum micropowder, which is beneficial to the subsequent extraction steps. The softening of the cell wall makes it easier to release the effective ingredients in the cell during the subsequent extraction process, thereby improving the extraction efficiency. Combined with Table 3, the Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained by Example 1 and Example 20 has a higher free radical scavenging rate and a better anti-wrinkle effect after application.

[0098] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A Ganoderma lucidum extract, characterized in that: The components thereof include, by weight, 0.01-0.5 parts of polysaccharides, 0.05-0.5 parts of triterpenoid compounds, 0.05-0.5 parts of proteins, and 0.01-0.5 parts of polypeptides.

2. A method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pretreatment: Ganoderma lucidum is crushed and passed through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum powder, and then the Ganoderma lucidum powder is treated at 100-110°C and a pressure of 0.05-0.1Mpa for 20-60min; Soaking: Mix the Ganoderma lucidum granules with pure water in a mass ratio of 1:(15-30) to obtain a mixed solution, and stir the mixed solution at room temperature for 0.5-1h; Extraction: After soaking, heat the mixture to 75-95℃ and keep warm for 1-3h; Filtration: After the heat preservation is completed, the mixed liquid is coarsely filtered through the filter material at -0.08~-0.1MPa, and the pore size of the filter material is 15-50μm; Fine filtration: The product after coarse filtration is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08~-0.1MPa, and the pore size of the filter material is 0.3-0.5μm; Concentration: Concentrate the filtrate to the same mass as Ganoderma lucidum micropowder, and mix the concentrate with the reconstitution solvent in a volume ratio of 1:(15-30); Secondary fine filtration: The concentrated product is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08~-0.1MPa, and the pore size of the filter material is 0.3-0.5μm; Sterilization: The product after the secondary fine filtration is sterilized by heating to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum extract.

3. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixed liquid in the soaking step is first subjected to high-pressure microfluidization treatment and then stirred at room temperature. The specific steps of the high-pressure microfluidization treatment are as follows: The mixed liquid is subjected to high-pressure microfluidization treatment at 80-140 MPa, using a pulsed jet mode and a treatment temperature of 0-45°C.

4. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pretreatment also includes fumigation treatment, which is performed before the pressure treatment. The method of the fumigation treatment is: Fumigate the Ganoderma lucidum powder in steam for 15-40 minutes.

5. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the soaking in the extraction step is completed, the mixed solution is heated to 75°C, and the mixed solution is heated by 5°C every 25-45 minutes. When the mixed solution is heated to 95°C, it is kept warm for 20-30 minutes.

6. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 2, characterized in that: The re-dissolving solvent includes one or more of a butanediol solution, a glycerol solution or a 1,3-propylene glycol solution.

7. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the mass concentration of butanediol, glycerol and 1,3-propylene glycol in the re-dissolving solvent is less than 50%, a preservative needs to be added, and the amount of the preservative is 0.3-2.0% of the total mass after re-dissolution.

8. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preservative is selected from one or more of fennel, 1,2-hexanediol or 1,2-pentanediol.

9. The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the reconstitution solvent is a butanediol solution or a 1,3-propylene glycol solution, the sterilization step is performed at 85-90° C. for 30-40 min; when the reconstitution solvent is a glycerol solution, the sterilization step is performed at 95-100° C. for 30-40 min.

10. Use of the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 1 or the Ganoderma lucidum extract prepared by the method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to any one of claims 2 to 9 in preparing cosmetics.

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