Processing method of traditional Chinese medicine pinellia ternate

Abstract

The invention provides a processing method of traditional Chinese medicine pinellia ternate, which comprises the following steps: processing 5-200kg of fresh pinellia ternate or raw pinellia ternate by adopting a microwave processing technology, and carrying out microwave drying in industrial microwave equipment at 40-80 DEG C and 2-60kw until the water content of the pinellia ternate is lower than 12%, so as to obtain the processed traditional Chinese medicine pinellia ternate. According to the processing method of the medicinal material pinellia ternate, the processing period of the pinellia ternate within 9-11 days can be shortened to 30-90 minutes, the processing efficiency of the pinellia ternate is obviously improved, and the processing period is shortened; irritation is reduced, the retention rate of effective components is higher, and the medicinal value and curative effect of the medicine are improved; and no wastewater or waste gas is generated in the processing process, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a processing method of a Chinese medicine, pinellia tuber, and belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicine processing. Background Art

[0002] Pinellia ternata is the dried tuber of the plant Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. of the Araceae family. It is pungent, warm in nature, and toxic. It has the effects of drying dampness and resolving phlegm, relieving adverse reactions and stopping vomiting, and eliminating lumps and dispersing knots. Pinellia ternata has been used as medicine for a long time and has high medicinal value. It is used in many classic prescriptions. At the same time, Pinellia ternata has an irritating toxicity that "thorns the throat". Clinically, if taken by mistake, it can cause swollen lips, numbness, loss of voice, difficulty breathing, and even suffocation and death. Therefore, it is often processed before being used as medicine.

[0003] At present, the detoxification processing method of Pinellia ternata mainly uses the replication method, that is, soaking in alum, then boiling and drying, or soaking in clean water, then adding alum, ginger juice, lime or licorice to pickle for a period of time, and then drying, thus forming three mainstream products: Qing Pinellia ternata, French Pinellia ternata and Jiang Pinellia ternata. The processing cycle of Pinellia ternata is long and the processing efficiency is low. It takes 9 to 11 days from soaking to processing. Studies have found that long-term soaking of Pinellia ternata leads to serious loss of effective ingredients. In addition, Pinellia ternata contains a large amount of starch and sugar, and long-term soaking is prone to mold and deterioration. At the same time, some aluminum ions remain in the Pinellia ternata after alum processing, and long-term contact will cause damage to the human body, such as Alzheimer's disease and other side effects.

[0004] Application number: CN201010175131.5, invention name: a method for preparing Chinese medicine Pinellia, a method for preparing Chinese medicine Pinellia is disclosed, comprising the following steps: taking a raw Pinellia and placing it in a sealed container, adding an ethanol solution with a volume ratio concentration of 65% to 80% to soak it for 24 to 48 hours, and then drying it to obtain a processed Pinellia. The method of the present invention adopts a 65% to 80% ethanol solution to soak the Pinellia, and the 65% to 80% ethanol solution has a strong penetration force on plant cells. The irritation of the Pinellia can be significantly reduced by soaking it for 24 to 48 hours. The processed Pinellia is non-irritating according to toxicological experiments, and there is no numbness in the tongue when tasting. The present invention adopts a method for soaking the Pinellia, and the amount of ethanol used is small, and only 20% to 30% of the weight of the raw Pinellia is needed to achieve the purpose of detoxification. The soaking time in this method is still relatively long, requiring 1-2 days.

[0005] Microwave technology is an emerging processing technology with the characteristics of concentrated energy, strong penetration, high selectivity, and high heating efficiency. It can achieve rapid heating, drying, dehydration, sterilization, disinfection, and extraction of non-metallic materials, and at the same time has the advantages of time saving, energy saving, hygiene, and convenience. Chen Lumeng, et al., Research Progress in Microwave Processing Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Vol. 45, No. 9, May 2020, summarized the effects of drug factors and microwave factors on the microwave processing effect, summarized the industrial equipment that can be used for microwave processing, analyzed the effects of microwave heating on starch, polysaccharides, proteins and other components in traditional Chinese medicines, and reviewed the research progress of microwave processing of 14 medicines such as microwave-cooked aconite, microwave-cooked chicken gizzard, and microwave-cooked donkey-hide gelatin. It mentioned that among the effects of microwave on the tissue and composition of medicinal materials, traditional Chinese medicines containing a large amount of starch (aconite, pinellia, yam, kudzu root, etc.), the mechanism of microwave heating of starch can be attributed to the dielectric heating effect and electromagnetic polarization effect of microwaves. However, the document does not address whether microwave processing of Pinellia ternata can process the irritating components in Pinellia ternata and retain the effective ingredients.

[0006] Moreover, microwave technology is currently used in Pinellia ternata medicinal materials, mainly in the extraction research of effective ingredients, such as: Lv Rui, et al., Microwave-assisted extraction and content determination of Pinellia ternata polysaccharides, Analytical Laboratory, November 2009, polysaccharides were extracted from Pinellia ternata and their content was determined. The polysaccharides of Pinellia ternata were extracted using microwave-assisted extraction technology, and the polysaccharide content was determined at 491nm by phenol-sulfuric acid method, and compared with traditional extraction technology. Under the same temperature (80℃) and solid-liquid ratio (1:15), the polysaccharide yield of microwave-assisted extraction for 30min was 4.5%, which is 3 times the polysaccharide yield of traditional reflux extraction for 2h. Microwave-assisted extraction technology can quickly and efficiently extract Pinellia ternata polysaccharides.

[0007] Currently, there are no reports on the use of microwave technology in the processing of Pinellia tuber. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical solution of the invention is to provide a method for processing the Chinese medicine Pinellia ternata.

[0009] The invention provides a method for preparing Chinese medicine Pinellia ternata.

[0010] The method adopts microwave processing technology to process 5-200 kg of fresh or raw pinellia tuber, and uses industrial microwave equipment at 40-80 DEG C and 2kw-60kw to microwave dry the pinellia tuber until the moisture of the pinellia tuber is less than 12%, thereby obtaining the processed Chinese medicine pinellia tuber.

[0011] Among them, for every 5-100kg of fresh pinellia, the temperature is 60℃; the power is 8-60kw, and the processing time is 20-35min.

[0012] Further preferably, for every 5 kg of fresh pinellia, the power is 8 kW and the processing time is 20 min;

[0013] For every 20kg of fresh pinellia, power: 16kw, processing time 25min;

[0014] For every 50kg of fresh pinellia, power: 30kw, processing time 25min;

[0015] Every 100-200kg fresh pinellia, power: 60kw, processing time 30-35min.

[0016] Wherein, before processing, the raw pinellia is added with clear water to soak thoroughly.

[0017] Wherein, the diameter of the pinellia tuber is 0.6-2.0cm.

[0018] Wherein, the microwave drying is microwave vacuum drying or microwave normal pressure drying.

[0019] The preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0020] a. Take fresh pinellia or raw pinellia soaked in water, spread it evenly in a polypropylene box, and put it in an industrial microwave oven;

[0021] b. Set the microwave temperature, power and time to obtain the processed Chinese medicine Pinellia.

[0022] The processing method of the medicinal material Pinellia ternata of the present invention can shorten the processing cycle of Pinellia ternata from 9 to 11 days to 30 to 90 minutes, significantly improve the processing efficiency of Pinellia ternata and shorten the processing cycle; reduce irritation, increase the retention rate of effective ingredients, and improve the medicinal value and efficacy of the medicine; no long-term soaking is required, no wastewater or waste gas is generated during the processing, energy consumption is reduced, and production costs are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Process flow chart of microwave and traditional processing of Pinellia ternata;

[0024] Figure 2 Microwaved Pinellia ternata prepared with different microwave powers (A: low power; B: medium power; C: high power);

[0025] Figure 3 Different pinellia needle crystal morphologies;

[0026] Figure 4 XRD pattern of calcium oxalate needles of Pinellia tuber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiment 1 The processing method of the medicinal material Pinellia ternata of the present invention

[0028] Take 5 kg of fresh Pinellia ternata after cleaning, spread it evenly in a polypropylene box, put it in an industrial microwave oven, and dry it at 60°C, 5 kW vacuum microwave for 20 minutes until the moisture content of Pinellia ternata is less than 12%.

[0029] Embodiment 2 The processing method of the medicinal material Pinellia ternata of the present invention

[0030] Take an appropriate amount of raw pinellia and spread it evenly in a polypropylene box, add clean water in a 1:1 ratio, and after the raw pinellia is soaked through (about 8 hours), put it in an industrial microwave oven and dry it in a vacuum microwave at 60°C and 2 kW for 30 minutes until the moisture content of the pinellia is less than 12%.

[0031] The industrial microwave oven used in the present invention can be commercially available (such as Guiyang Xinqi Microwave Co., Ltd., China) or operated according to the equipment disclosed in the literature He Yanan et al., "Liquid Sealing and Detoxification-Drying and Puffing" Two-stage Processing Design and Efficacy Evaluation of Microwave-Blended Aconite, Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2023, 58(5): 1328-1337.

[0032] Example 3 Determination of the processing temperature and time of the medicinal material Pinellia ternata of the present invention

[0033] (1) Microwave preparation technology of Pinellia ternata

[0034] Take 5 kg of fresh Pinellia ternata after cleaning, spread it evenly in a polypropylene box, put it into an industrial microwave oven, set the microwave temperature to 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C, respectively, and perform microwave vacuum drying (the microwave power is 2 kW at this time) for 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min, respectively. The processing technology is optimized based on the appearance of the processed Pinellia ternata, the content of calcium oxalate needles, and the content of water-soluble extract.

[0035] (2) Evaluation method of appearance characteristics

[0036] The scoring criteria for the properties of microwave-processed Pinellia ternata are based on the color and smell of the tubers.

[0037] Table 1 Shape scoring criteria for microwave processed Pinellia ternata

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] (3) Determination method of calcium oxalate needle crystal content

[0041] Weigh 3g of sieved Pinellia powder, add 8mL H2O, mix well and let stand for 60min, add 2mL petroleum ether (PE), mix well, let stand for 60min, and three layers of upper, middle and lower layers appear. Shake gently and collect the upper PE layer. Repeat the above process twice, combine the PE layer liquid, centrifuge at 1000rpm for 10min, remove the supernatant, precipitate, dry and weigh.

[0042] (4) Extract content determination method

[0043] Refer to the cold soaking method under the 2020 edition of the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" water-soluble extract determination method (General Rule 2201). The specific method is: take about 4g of the test sample, accurately weigh it, put it in a 250-300ml conical flask, accurately add 100ml of water, plug it, cold soak, shake it from time to time within the first 6 hours, and then let it stand for 18 hours. Filter it quickly with a drying filter, accurately measure 20ml of the filtrate, and place it in an evaporating dish that has been dried to constant weight. After evaporating it on a water bath, dry it at 105°C for 3 hours, cool it in a desiccator for 30 minutes, and quickly and accurately weigh the weight. Unless otherwise specified, the content (%) of water-soluble extracts in the test sample is calculated based on the dry product.

[0044] (5) Experimental results

[0045] The results show (Table 2) that at a lower temperature, such as 40°C, a longer time is required to ensure that the irritating components of Pinellia are reduced and the content of water extract is increased. At a lower temperature, the overall appearance of Microwave Pinellia is better. When the temperature rises, the irritating components of Pinellia are significantly reduced and the content of water extract is significantly increased in a shorter time. However, too high a temperature or too long a processing time may lead to a decrease in the appearance of Microwave Pinellia. Considering the appearance, calcium oxalate needle crystal content, extract content and microwave processing energy consumption, the Microwave Pinellia produced by 60°C microwave vacuum drying for 30 minutes has the best effect.

[0046] Table 2 The results of various indicators under different microwave temperature and time conditions (n ​​= 3)

[0047]

[0048] Note: Compared with 40℃, 30min, *p<0.05, **p<0.01

[0049] (6) Animal irritation test

[0050] a. Slug farming

[0051] The irritation degree of different processed products was evaluated using the slug mucosal irritation test. The slug mucosal irritation test was performed as described by Adriaens et al. with minor modifications. High-pedal slugs Laevicaulis alte weighing 3-8 g were housed at 18-26°C and fed with vegetables and fruits. Two days before the start of the experiment, the body lining of each slug was carefully examined, and only slugs without macroscopic lesions, clear tubercles and a clean foot surface were used for testing and placed in a ventilated plastic box lined with PBS-soaked paper towels.

[0052] b.SMI detection

[0053] Prepare a 0.2g / mL suspension of each sample, add 2mL to each petri dish, and evenly disperse the liquid in the petri dish. Weigh the sample and the petri dish (M1). Before the experiment officially begins, weigh the slug (m1). Then, place the slug in the petri dish containing the sample and contact it with the test sample for 60 minutes. After 60 minutes, remove the slug, wipe the liquid on the surface of the slug lightly with a paper towel, and weigh it (m2) to evaluate the weight change, and then weigh the petri dish (M2) to evaluate the mucus production. The weighed slug was transferred to another petri dish containing 1.5mL PBS for contact for 60 minutes, and then the PBS solution sample was collected for further analysis.

[0054] c. Weight changes

[0055] The weight change caused by treatment was expressed as body weight / body weight percentage (%) according to the formula: body weight change = snail weight after treatment (m2) / snail weight before treatment (m1) × 100%, and three slugs were used for each test substance.

[0056] d. Mucus production

[0057] The amount of mucus produced after a 60-minute contact period (% w / w) was calculated as follows: mucus production = (M2 - M1) / snail body weight before treatment x 100%, using three slugs per test substance.

[0058] f. Mucus analysis

[0059] The collected PBS samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C, the supernatant was collected, and the protein content in the samples was measured using the Bradford method.

[0060] e. Experimental results

[0061] The results show (Table 3) that the unprocessed product of Pinellia ternata has a strong irritation. After microwave treatment at different times and temperatures, the irritation of Pinellia ternata decreased, and the decrease was more obvious with the increase of temperature and time. Under 40°C, Pinellia ternata still had a moderate irritation after a short processing time, and the irritation decreased with the increase of time, indicating that low temperature and short time cannot completely destroy the irritation of Pinellia ternata. In addition, with the increase of temperature, the irritation decreased significantly. The irritation was almost eliminated after 30 minutes of processing at 60°C, while there was still a slight irritation after 90 minutes of processing at 40°C, indicating that temperature and time are important factors affecting the effect of microwave processing.

[0062] Table 3 Slug mucus production and weight changes under different treatments (n=3)

[0063]

[0064] Note: Compared with PBS, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, compared with raw product, # p<0.05, ## p<0.01

[0065] Example 4 Comparison of the processing method of the present invention and the traditional processing technology and irritation of the pinellia tuber

[0066] Taking the production of 100kg of processed Pinellia tuber as an example, the process flow is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. Compared with traditional Qing Banxia, ​​Fa Banxia, ​​and Jiang Banxia, ​​the microwave Banxia processing process is significantly streamlined, and fresh Banxia can be used to complete the processing in one step. Further comparison of the processing cycle and energy consumption of each process (Table 3) showed that the microwave Banxia processing cycle was more than 200 times shorter than that of Qing Banxia and Jiang Banxia, ​​and more than 400 times shorter than that of Fa Banxia. Taking fresh Banxia as the starting point for processing, the entire processing process does not consume water and natural gas, consumes only 12kw of electricity, and has no wastewater and waste emissions. The three traditional Banxia processing products consume a lot of water, electricity, and gas during the processing process, especially Fa Banxia and Jiang Banxia. Further comparison of the extract content of the five Banxia processing products according to the 2020 edition of the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" showed that the microwave Banxia water extract content was the highest, at 17.76%, more than twice that of the three traditional processing products (Table 4). In addition, none of the five Banxia processing products had obvious irritation to slugs.

[0067] Table 4 Comparison of process cycle and energy consumption of microwave-processed Pinellia ternata and three other Pinellia ternata

[0068] Excipients Processing cycle Water consumption Power Consumption Gas consumption Pinellia tuber Alum 12.5kg 4.5d 1.65t 40kw / French Pinellia 15kg licorice, 10kg quicklime 9d 3.4t 40kw <![CDATA[20m 3 ]]> Ginger Pinellia 25kg ginger, 12.5kg alum 4.5d 3.6t 40kw <![CDATA[100m 3 ]]> Microwave Pinellia (Fresh Pinellia) / 30min / 12kw / Microwaved Pinellia (Raw Pinellia) / 8.5h 100kg 12kw /

[0069] Table 5 Comparison of calcium oxalate needle crystal content, extract content and irritation in microwaved Pinellia ternata and three traditional processed Pinellia ternata products (n=3)

[0070]

[0071] Note: Compared with Qing Banxia, ​​*p<0.05, **p<0.01, compared with French Banxia, # p<0.05, ## p<0.01; compared with Pinellia ternata, & p<0.05, && p<0.01.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 Effect of different power of household microwave oven on the irritation of Pinellia tuber

[0073] 1. The effect of different power of household microwave oven on the irritation of Pinellia ternata

[0074] Take 20g of fresh Pinellia ternata, spread it on a porcelain plate, and process it for 10 minutes at low heat (119W), medium heat (385W) and high heat (700W), take it out and let it cool. Compare the needle crystal content, extract content and irritation of the different processes.

[0075] The results showed that under the same processing time, low-power microwaves could not eliminate the irritation of Pinellia ternata. As the power of household microwaves increased, the content of calcium oxalate in Pinellia ternata gradually decreased, and the irritation to slugs also gradually decreased. However, it is worth noting that the higher the power, the worse the appearance of microwaved Pinellia ternata (see Figure 2 ).

[0076] Table 6 Determination results of various indicators under different microwave time conditions (n=3)

[0077]

[0078] Note: Compared with raw Pinellia, *p<0.05, **p<0.01.

[0079] Table 7 Slug mucus production and weight changes under different microwave times (n=3)

[0080]

[0081] Note: Compared with PBS, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, compared with raw product, # p<0.05, ## p<0.01

[0082] 2. Effects of different microwave times in household microwave ovens on the irritation of Pinellia ternata

[0083] Take 20g of fresh Pinellia, spread it on a porcelain plate, and process it at high heat (700W) for 3min, 5min, and 8min, then take it out and let it cool. Compare the appearance, needle crystal content, extract content, and irritation of the different processes.

[0084] The results showed that under the same microwave power, the shorter the microwave time, the better the appearance of the pinellia. However, short-term microwave heating could not fully reduce the irritation of the pinellia, nor could it completely dry the pinellia. Under high power, microwave heating for 8 minutes could completely dry the pinellia, and at the same time have better appearance and lower irritation.

[0085] Table 8 Determination results of various indicators under different microwave time conditions (n=3)

[0086]

[0087] Note: Compared with raw Pinellia, *p<0.05, **p<0.01.

[0088] Table 9 Slug mucus production and weight changes under different microwave times (n=3)

[0089]

[0090] Note: Compared with PBS, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, compared with raw product, # p<0.05, ## p<0.01

[0091] 3. Effects of different microwave times in household microwave ovens on the irritation of 200g of Pinellia ternata

[0092] Take 200g of fresh pinellia, spread it on a porcelain plate, and process it at high heat (700W) for 8min, 15min, and 20min, then take it out and let it cool. Compare the appearance, needle crystal content, extract content, and irritation of the different processes.

[0093] The results showed that at the same power, the amount of Pinellia ternata processed increased, and the same microwave processing time of 8 minutes, 200g of Pinellia ternata was not only not fully dried, but also still had irritation. After processing for 15 minutes, Pinellia ternata was fully dried and had good appearance, but still had a certain irritation. After processing for 20 minutes, Pinellia ternata was fully dried and the irritation was significantly reduced, but its appearance was poor.

[0094] The above research results show that when using a household microwave oven to prepare Pinellia, the power, processing volume and processing time have a significant impact on the quality and pungency of the microwaved Pinellia.

[0095] Table 10 Determination results of various indicators under different microwave time conditions (n=3)

[0096]

[0097] Note: Compared with raw Pinellia, *p<0.05, **p<0.01.

[0098] Table 11 Slug mucus production and weight changes under different microwave times (n=3)

[0099]

[0100] Note: Compared with PBS, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, compared with raw product, # p<0.05, ## p<0.01

[0101] This comparative example shows that it is not possible to prepare a qualified processed Pinellia product using a household microwave.

[0102] Example 5 Effects of Microwave Vacuum Treatment and Microwave Normal Pressure Treatment on the Pungency of Pinellia

[0103] Take 5kg of fresh Pinellia ternata after cleaning, spread it evenly in a polypropylene box, put it in an industrial microwave oven, and dry it in a vacuum microwave oven at 60℃, 2kw for 30min or at 2kw for 70min, until the moisture content of Pinellia ternata is less than 12%. The results show that the normal pressure microwave processing of Pinellia ternata can also obtain the same effect as the vacuum processing of Pinellia ternata, but under the condition of microwave normal pressure, the total processing time required is longer, but it is also significantly shorter than the traditional processing time of Pinellia ternata.

[0104] Table 12 Comparison of microwave vacuum processing and microwave normal pressure processing results

[0105]

[0106] Note: *p<0.05, **p<0.01 compared with microwave vacuum.

[0107] Example 6 Effects of different processing amounts and microwave powers of the present invention on the irritation of the pinellia

[0108] Take 5kg, 20kg, 50kg, 100kg, and 200kg of fresh Pinellia ternata after cleaning and spread them evenly in a polypropylene box, put them in an industrial microwave oven, set the microwave temperature to 60℃, and set the initial microwave power to 2kw, 8kw, 16kw, 30kw, and 60kw respectively for microwave vacuum drying until the moisture content of Pinellia ternata is less than 12%. And evaluate the results of each process with the comprehensive score as the index. The calculation formula for time, irritation, appearance characteristics, and irritation score is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] (When the processing volume is constant, T is the actual time, Tmax is the maximum time, and T0 is the shortest time)

[0111]

[0112] (Under a certain processing volume, C is the content of calcium oxalate needle crystals, Cmax is the maximum content of calcium oxalate needle crystals, and Cmin is the minimum content of calcium oxalate needle crystals)

[0113]

[0114] (When the processing volume is constant, W is the appearance trait score, Wmax is the maximum appearance trait score, and Wmin is the minimum appearance trait score)

[0115]

[0116] (When the processing volume is constant, J is the extract content, Cmax is the maximum extract content, and Cmin is the minimum extract content)

[0117] Comprehensive score = T*0.2+W*0.25+C*0.25+J*0.3. The experimental results show that, under certain power conditions, to achieve the same detoxification purpose, the larger the processing volume, the longer the processing time. When the processing volume is certain, to achieve the same processing effect, the greater the processing power, the shorter the processing time. According to the product appearance, needle crystal content and extract content, when the processing volume is 5kg, the optimal power is 8kw, when the processing volume is 20kg, the optimal microwave power is 16kw, when the processing volume is 50kg, the optimal microwave power is 30kw, and when the processing volume is greater than 100kg, the optimal microwave power is 60kw.

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Example 7 Comparison of the electron microscopic structure and XRD results of needle crystals of different processed Pinellia tuber products

[0121] The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the needle crystals of raw pinellia had complete needle-like ends and barbs. The needle crystals of microwave pinellia prepared by the present invention had puffed surfaces and broken needle tips (see Figure 3 The needle crystals of French Pinellia are broken; the needle crystals of Jiang Pinellia are rusty and broken; the needle crystals of Qing Pinellia are rusty and mottled (Among them, the needle crystal morphology of French Pinellia, Jiang Pinellia, and Qing Pinellia comes from the literature (Zhong Lingyun. Research on the irritating and toxic components of Pinellia, the mechanism of detoxification during processing and its technology [D]. Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 2007.).

[0122] X-ray powder diffraction was used to determine the crystalline composition in the quality of the crystals before and after processing. The XRD diffractometer (PANalytical X'Pert3 Powder, The Netherlands) was operated at 40 kV and 30 mA with CuK-beta. The scan range was 5° to 60°, the step size was 0.02°, and the scan speed was 2° / min. PDF75-1313 was used to identify the crystalline material.

[0123] The diffraction peaks of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) with interplanar spacing d = 0.599, 0.373, and 0.307 nm are respectively attributed to the (100), (40), and (200) crystal planes of COM, indicating that the calcium oxalate needle crystals in Pinellia ternata are monohydrate compounds of calcium oxalate. After traditional thermal processing and microwave processing, no peaks disappear and new peaks are generated, indicating that traditional thermal processing and microwave processing will not destroy the crystal structure of calcium oxalate. However, the peak intensity decreases after microwave processing, indicating that the crystallinity decreases and crystal defects cause changes in the mechanical properties of the needle crystals. The XRD spectra of Qing Banxia and Jiang Banxia are compared with the standard card KAl(SO4)2·12H2O, and the crystal structure of calcium oxalate needle crystals is not scanned, indicating that the processing of Qing Banxia and Jiang Banxia leads to the dissolution and erosion of calcium oxalate needle crystals. The XRD spectrum of French Pinellia ternata was compared with the standard card, showing a mixture of calcium oxalate monohydrate and calcium carbonate, which may be caused by the addition of quicklime during the processing of French Pinellia ternata. However, compared with the XRD spectrum of calcium oxalate needle crystals of raw Pinellia ternata, the phenomenon of weak peak disappearance appeared, indicating that the processing process of French Pinellia ternata may destroy the crystal structure of calcium oxalate needle crystals (see Figure 4 ). In summary, microwaves destroy the calcium oxalate raphide crystals, which are the irritating component of Pinellia ternata, in a physical way and will not change the crystal form of the calcium oxalate raphide crystals. French Pinellia ternata, Qing Pinellia ternata, and Jiang Pinellia ternata reduce their irritation by changing the crystal form of calcium oxalate raphide crystals.

[0124] The present invention utilizes the technical advantage of microwaves, uses fresh or raw pinellia to rehydrate and complete detoxification and drying in one step, without the need to add water, alum, etc. for long-term soaking. The present invention has a short preparation cycle and high production efficiency, and can quickly destroy the irritating components of pinellia, retain the effective components of pinellia, and achieve detoxification and drying of pinellia in one step.

Claims

1. A method for processing Chinese medicine Pinellia, characterized in that: The method adopts microwave processing technology to process 5-200 kg of fresh or raw pinellia tuber, and uses industrial microwave equipment at 40-80 DEG C and 2kw-60kw to microwave dry the pinellia tuber until the moisture of the pinellia tuber is less than 12%, thereby obtaining the processed Chinese medicine pinellia tuber.

2. The method for processing the Chinese medicine Pinellia tuber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Every 5-100kg fresh pinellia, temperature: 60℃; power: 8-60kw, processing time 20-35min.

3. The processing method of the Chinese medicine Pinellia according to claim 2, characterized in that: For every 5kg of fresh pinellia, power: 8kw, processing time 20min; For every 20kg of fresh pinellia, power: 16kw, processing time 25min; For every 50kg of fresh pinellia, power: 30kw, processing time 25min; Every 100-200kg fresh pinellia, power: 60kw, processing time 30-35min.

4. The method for processing the Chinese medicine Pinellia tuber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before processing, the raw pinellia is added with clear water to soak thoroughly.

5. The method for processing the Chinese medicine Pinellia tuber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the pinellia tuber is 0.6-2.0 cm.

6. The method for processing the Chinese medicine Pinellia tuber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The microwave drying is microwave vacuum drying or microwave normal pressure drying.

7. The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: a. Take fresh pinellia or raw pinellia soaked in water, spread it evenly in a polypropylene box, and put it in an industrial microwave oven; b. Set the microwave temperature, power and time to obtain the processed Chinese medicine Pinellia.

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