Device and method for simultaneously treating waste gas and ballast water of ship

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a device and method for simultaneously treating waste gas and ballast water of a ship, the device comprises a ship ballast tank group, the ship ballast tank group comprises a plurality of ship ballast tanks, the ship ballast tanks are connected in parallel through pipelines, a pump is arranged on an output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group, and the pump is connected with the ship ballast tank group. A liquid input end of the venturi jet device is connected with an output pipeline of a ship ballast tank group, a gas input end is connected with a ship smoke exhaust pipe, an oxidant input end is connected with an automatic medicine injection box, a smoke sensor is arranged at a position, close to an exhaust port, of the separation device, a liquid level sensor is arranged below the smoke sensor, and a deslagging cabinet is arranged at the bottom of the separation device. By arranging the hydrodynamic cavitation synergistic oxidant system, waste gas and ballast water can be treated at the same time, the number of waste gas and ballast water treatment equipment can be reduced, precious space on a ship can be saved, maintenance is easy, and improvement of economic benefits of the ship is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ship technology, and in particular to a device and method for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water. Background Art

[0002] Ships have brought huge economic benefits to the world. However, the exhaust gas emitted by ships during operation has also caused damage to the environment and caused many atmospheric pollution problems, such as air pollution in coastal areas and asthma in children. In addition, during the voyage of ships, the ballast water loaded to maintain the stability of the ship will cause problems such as biological invasion, which poses a huge threat to the ocean. Both at home and abroad, great attention has been paid to this, and laws and regulations have been promulgated to prevent pollution from ship exhaust gas and ballast water, such as the MARPOL Convention and the Ballast Water Management Convention.

[0003] In the prior art, pollution control of ship exhaust gas and ballast water is basically carried out separately, that is, exhaust gas treatment equipment and ballast water treatment equipment are installed on the ship respectively, which takes up a lot of space on the ship, and has numerous equipment and complex management.

[0004] In summary, in order to solve the problem that exhaust gas treatment equipment and ballast water treatment equipment are installed separately on ships, resulting in large space occupancy, multiple equipment and complex management, the present invention proposes a device and method for simultaneously and efficiently treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water, providing a new solution for the treatment of ship exhaust gas and ballast water. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to the above proposal, installing exhaust gas treatment equipment and ballast water treatment equipment separately on ships leads to large space occupation, multiple equipment and complex management. A device and method for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water are provided. The present invention mainly uses a venturi ejector and a method of combining hydraulic cavitation with an oxidant to achieve the technical effect of simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water comprises a ship ballast tank group, wherein the ship ballast tank group comprises a plurality of ship ballast tanks, each of which is provided with a valve at a liquid outlet and a liquid inlet, and each of which is connected in parallel through a pipeline, and ballast water is output through an output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group, wherein a pump is provided on the output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group.

[0008] The venturi ejector has a liquid input end connected to the output pipeline of the ship's ballast tank group, and a gas input end connected to the ship's smoke exhaust pipe and an automatic injection box. The venturi ejector is used to fully mix the ballast water, gas, and oxidant.

[0009] A separation device, wherein the input end of the separation device is connected to the output end of the venturi ejector, the output end of the separation device is connected to the return line of the ship's ballast tank group, a flue gas sensor is provided at the exhaust port of the separation device, a liquid level sensor is provided below the flue gas sensor, a slag discharge cabinet is provided at the bottom of the separation device, and the separation device is used to separate the mixed fluid after the reaction.

[0010] The Venturi ejector comprises a fluid inlet straight pipe section, a contraction section, a throat, an expansion section, and a fluid outlet straight pipe section which are sealed and connected in sequence. The fluid inlet straight pipe section, the throat, and the fluid outlet straight pipe section are through pipe bodies respectively. The contraction section is a through pipe body whose diameter gradually decreases from the connection with the fluid inlet straight pipe section, and the expansion section is a through pipe body whose diameter gradually increases from the connection with the throat. A suction pipe is connected to the side of the throat, and the suction pipe is connected to the ship's smoke exhaust pipe through a pipeline. An automatic medicine injection box is connected to the pipeline between the ship's smoke exhaust pipe and the suction pipe.

[0011] The axis of the suction pipe forms an obtuse angle with the axis of the Venturi ejector on a side close to the liquid inlet.

[0012] A first pressure sensor is provided on a liquid inlet side of the venturi ejector, and a second pressure sensor is provided on a liquid outlet side of the venturi ejector. The venturi ejectors can be connected in parallel.

[0013] The ship smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a safety valve near its smoke exhaust port, a third pressure sensor is provided below the safety valve, and a first valve is provided at the connection between the ship smoke exhaust pipe and the suction pipe.

[0014] A second valve is provided at the connection between the automatic medicine injection box and the suction pipe.

[0015] The device further comprises a flow meter, which is arranged on the pipeline between the pump and the venturi ejector.

[0016] The device also includes a CPU unit, which collects data from the flow meter, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor, the smoke sensor and the liquid level sensor, controls the flow rate of the pump according to the data of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the liquid level sensor and the flow meter, controls the injection rate of the automatic injection box according to the signal of the smoke sensor, and issues an alarm or a command to open the safety valve according to the data of the third pressure sensor.

[0017] A method for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Open the outlet valve of a ship's ballast tank and start the pump. The pump extracts ballast water from the current ship's ballast tank and drives the ballast water to flow through the flow meter and enter the Venturi ejector;

[0019] S2. When the ballast water passes through the throat of the Venturi ejector, the liquid flow rate increases due to the Venturi effect, and negative pressure is generated at the throat. When the difference between the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is greater than a preset threshold, the first valve and the second valve are opened;

[0020] S3. The venturi ejector generates suction at the throat to suck in the exhaust gas from the ship's exhaust pipe and the oxidant from the automatic injection box, so that the flue gas and the oxidant react at the suction pipe, and then the flue gas, oxidant and ballast water enter the venturi ejector to react with each other;

[0021] S4. The mixed fluid after the reaction enters the separation device. When the liquid level in the separation device reaches 1 / 2 of the total range, the liquid inlet valve of the current ship's ballast tank is opened, and the separated liquid flows into the current ship's ballast tank, the gas is discharged from the top of the separation device, and the solid is precipitated in the slag discharge tank;

[0022] S5. Detect the ballast water in the current ship's ballast tank at regular intervals. When the test results meet the standard and the liquid level in the current ship's ballast tank reaches a certain height, close the valves of the current ship's ballast tank outlet and inlet, open the valves of the inlet and outlet of another ship's ballast tank, and repeat steps S1-S5;

[0023] S6. When the ballast water in all ballast tanks on board the ship reaches the standard, stop treatment;

[0024] S7. After the ship arrives at the port, the ballast water treated by cavitation will be handed over to the shore for unified treatment.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. In the present invention, the hydrodynamic cavitation cooperative oxidant system treats exhaust gas and ballast water at the same time, which can reduce the number of exhaust gas and ballast water treatment equipment and save valuable space on the ship. In addition, the new system is easy to operate and maintain, which promotes the improvement of the economic benefits of the ship.

[0027] 2. In the present invention, a method for uniformly treating the ballast water after cavitation treatment by receiving ballast water on the shore is proposed. The treatment method includes recycling the substances in the ballast water, etc., which promotes the development of ship exhaust gas and ballast water treatment towards green, environmental protection and sustainability.

[0028] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the technical field of ships and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the Venturi ejector of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Ship ballast tank group; 2. Pump; 3. Flow meter; 4. Venturi ejector; 41. Fluid inflow straight pipe section; 42. Contraction section; 43. Throat; 44. Expansion section; 45. Fluid outflow straight pipe section; 46. Suction pipe; 5. Separation device; 51. Flue gas sensor; 52. Liquid level sensor; 53. Slag discharge cabinet; 6. Ship exhaust pipe; 61. Safety valve; 62. Third pressure sensor; 63. First valve; 7. Automatic medicine injection box; 71. Second valve; 8. CPU unit; 9. First pressure sensor; 10. Second pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water, including a ship ballast tank group 1, wherein the ship ballast tank group 1 includes a plurality of ship ballast tanks, each of which is provided with a valve at the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet, and each of which is connected in parallel through pipelines, and ballast water is output through the output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group 1, and a pump 2 is provided on the output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group 1.

[0036] The venturi ejector 4 has a liquid input end connected to the output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group 1, and a gas input end connected to the ship exhaust pipe 6 and the automatic injection box 7. The venturi ejector 4 is used to fully mix the ballast water, gas and oxidant.

[0037] A separation device 5, wherein the input end of the separation device 5 is connected to the output end of the venturi ejector 4, and the output end of the separation device 5 is connected to the return line of the ship ballast tank group 1. A flue gas sensor 51 is provided at the exhaust port of the separation device 5, and a liquid level sensor 52 is provided below the flue gas sensor 51. A slag discharge cabinet 53 is provided at the bottom of the separation device 5. The separation device 5 is used to separate the mixed fluid after the reaction.

[0038] The venturi ejector 4 includes a fluid inlet straight pipe section 41, a contraction section 42, a throat 43, an expansion section 44, and a fluid outlet straight pipe section 45 which are sealed and connected in sequence. The ballast water inlet straight pipe section 41, the throat 43 and the fluid outlet straight pipe section 45 are through pipe bodies respectively. The contraction section 42 is a through pipe body whose diameter gradually decreases from the connection with the fluid inlet straight pipe section 41, and the expansion section 44 is a through pipe body whose diameter gradually increases from the connection with the throat 43. A suction pipe 46 is connected to the side of the throat 43, and the suction pipe 46 is connected to the ship's smoke exhaust pipe 6 through a pipeline. An automatic medicine injection box 7 is connected on the pipeline between the ship's smoke exhaust pipe 6 and the suction pipe 46.

[0039] The inner diameter of the suction pipe 46 gradually decreases from its end to the connection with the throat pipe 43. The suction pipe 46 presents a reduced tube shape, which can increase the flow rate of the suction fluid and further promote the mass transfer efficiency between fluids.

[0040] At least two suction pipes 46 are disposed in the middle of the throat pipe 43 .

[0041] The axis of the suction pipe 46 forms an obtuse angle with the axis of the venturi ejector 4 near the liquid inlet, so that the liquid flowing into the venturi ejector 4 and the fluid sucked into the venturi ejector 4 form a convection impact, thereby improving the mixing efficiency between the fluids.

[0042] A first pressure sensor 9 is provided on the liquid inlet side of the Venturi ejector 4, and a second pressure sensor 10 is provided on the liquid outlet side of the Venturi ejector 4 to display the inlet pressure and outlet pressure in real time, so as to better estimate the occurrence intensity of cavitation and more accurately grasp the working status of the equipment.

[0043] The venturi ejectors 4 can be connected in parallel.

[0044] The ship smoke exhaust pipe 6 is provided with a safety valve 61 near its smoke exhaust port, a third pressure sensor 62 is provided below the safety valve 61, and a first valve 63 is provided at the connection between the ship smoke exhaust pipe 6 and the suction pipe.

[0045] A second valve 71 is provided at the connection between the automatic medicine injection box 7 and the suction pipe.

[0046] The device further comprises a flow meter 3 , which is arranged on the pipeline between the pump 2 and the venturi ejector 4 .

[0047] The device also includes a CPU unit 8, which collects data from the flow meter 3, the first pressure sensor 9, the second pressure sensor 10, the third pressure sensor 62, the smoke sensor 51 and the liquid level sensor 52, controls the flow of the pump 2 according to the data of the first pressure sensor 9, the second pressure sensor 10, the liquid level sensor 52 and the flow meter 3, controls the injection rate of the automatic injection box 7 according to the signal of the smoke sensor 51, and issues an alarm or a command to open the safety valve 61 according to the data of the third pressure sensor 62.

[0048] A method for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Open a liquid outlet valve of a ship's ballast tank, start pump 2, pump 2 extracts ballast water from the current ship's ballast tank, drives the ballast water to flow through the flow meter 3 and enter the venturi ejector 4;

[0050] S2. The ballast water passes through the throat of the Venturi ejector 4, and the liquid flow rate increases due to the Venturi effect, and negative pressure is generated at the throat. When the difference between the first pressure sensor 9 and the second pressure sensor 10 is greater than the preset threshold, the first valve 63 and the second valve 71 are opened;

[0051] S3. The venturi ejector 4 generates suction at the throat to suck in the exhaust gas from the ship exhaust pipe 6 and the oxidant from the automatic injection box 7, so that the flue gas and the oxidant react at the suction pipe, and then the flue gas, the oxidant and the ballast water enter the venturi ejector 4 to react with each other;

[0052] S4. The mixed fluid after the reaction enters the separation device 5. When the liquid level in the separation device 5 reaches 1 / 2 of the total range, the liquid inlet valve of the current ship ballast tank is opened, and the separated liquid flows into the current ship ballast tank, the gas is discharged from the top of the separation device 5, and the solid is precipitated in the slag tank 53;

[0053] S5. Detect the ballast water in the current ship's ballast tank at regular intervals. When the test results meet the standard and the liquid level in the current ship's ballast tank reaches a certain height, close the valves of the current ship's ballast tank outlet and inlet, open the valves of the inlet and outlet of another ship's ballast tank, and repeat steps S1-S5;

[0054] S6. When the ballast water in all ballast tanks on board the ship reaches the standard, stop treatment;

[0055] S7. After the ship arrives at the port, the ballast water treated by cavitation will be handed over to the shore for unified treatment.

[0056] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple ship ballast tanks are used in parallel through relevant pipelines of the system, and existing ships generally have more than three ship ballast tanks.

[0057] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if only one Venturi ejector is used, the smoke cannot be completely sucked in smoothly, which will cause the pressure in the smoke exhaust pipe to increase and cause an alarm. At this time, it means that using one Venturi ejector is not enough to smoothly inhale and process the smoke exhausted by the ship, and multiple Venturi ejectors need to be set.

[0058] During specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of Venturi ejectors 4 are used in parallel.

[0059] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 9 and the second pressure sensor 10 is greater than two atmospheric pressures, the first valve 63 and the second valve 71 are opened.

[0060] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in actual applications, if necessary, pumps and buffer tanks can be added at appropriate locations in the system to ensure stable navigation of the ship, wherein the buffer tank plays a role in stabilizing the liquid level in the system, thereby reducing the shaking of the ship.

[0061] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when a ship arrives at a port where ballast water needs to be replaced, the ballast water treated by cavitation is uniformly managed by receiving the ballast water on the shore, and the management method is not limited to recycling the substances in the ballast water.

[0062] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when a ship arrives at a port where ballast water needs to be replaced, the ballast water treated by cavitation is properly managed by other means, including reasonable discharge of the ballast water after a series of operations.

[0063] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when using ballast water detection equipment to detect ballast water in a ship's ballast tank, the detection standard adopted is the D-2 standard of the Ballast Water Management Convention.

[0064] In the specific implementation, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, all valve models use 6-point 304 stainless steel gate valves.

[0065] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separation device is a customized gas-liquid separator that is compatible with the actual application of the system. It has a simple structure and mainly serves to separate the gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase in the mixed fluid. The size of the separation device is determined according to actual needs, and the structure is shown in the separation device 5 in the figure.

[0066] In the specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all pumps are variable frequency pumps, and the model thereof is CM5-6 variable frequency pump.

[0067] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the suction pipe forms an obtuse angle with the axis of the Venturi ejector near the liquid inlet. When the obtuse angle is in the range of 95 to 130 degrees, the mixing effect is better.

[0068] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all pressure sensor models are selected to be RS485.

[0069] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CPU unit 8 issues an alarm or a command to open the safety valve 61 according to the pressure signal of the third pressure sensor 62 (such as an alarm is issued when the pressure signal reaches the alarm pressure, and a command to open the safety valve is issued when the pressure signal reaches the pressure to open the safety valve). The CPU unit issues a command to adjust the flow of the pump 2 according to the pressure signals of the first pressure sensor 9 and the second pressure sensor 10 (such as, when the pressure difference is lower than 2 atmospheres, a command to increase the pump flow is issued, and when the pressure difference is higher than 4.5 atmospheres, a command to reduce the pump flow is issued). The CPU unit 8 confirms whether the flow of the pump 2 has been adjusted according to demand based on the flow signal measured by the flowmeter 3. The CPU unit 8 will also issue a command to adjust the flow of the pump 2 according to the signal of the liquid level sensor 52 (a command to reduce the flow of the pump 2 is issued when the liquid level is higher than 4 / 5 of the total range, and a command to increase the flow of the pump 2 is issued when the liquid level is lower than 1 / 2 of the total range). The CPU unit 8 controls the injection rate of the automatic injection box 7 according to the smoke concentration signal.

[0070] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oxidant in the automatic injection box 7 is a solution or powder of multiple oxidants or a mixture of multiple oxidants, such as a solution or powder of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite, a sodium hypochlorite solution or powder, etc.

[0071] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the venturi ejector 4 generates suction at the throat to suck in the exhaust gas from the ship's exhaust pipe 6 and the oxidant from the automatic injection box 7, so that the flue gas and the oxidant react at the suction pipe.

[0072] The oxidant is chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) and sodium chlorite (NaClO 2 ) mixed solution, the pollutants in the flue gas are sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitric oxide (NO) as examples.

[0073] Oxidant ClO in the suction pipe 2 and NaClO 2 Can SO 2 And NO oxidation, the following reactions mainly occur:

[0074]

[0075] Biomass in ballast water in ClO 2 and NaClO 2 Inactivated by strong oxidation.

[0076] In specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixed fluid enters the venturi ejector 4, and the flue gas, oxidant and ballast water react with each other.

[0077] Similarly, the oxidant is a mixed solution of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and sodium chlorite (NaClO2), and the pollutants in the flue gas are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen monoxide (NO) for example.

[0078] After the flue gas, oxidant and ballast water enter the Venturi ejector, in addition to reactions (1) to (4), the following series of reactions will also occur.

[0079] Cavitation can split water molecules and produce hydroxyl radicals (·OH):

[0080]

[0081] OH also oxidizes SO 2 and NO:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] In addition, under extreme conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and strong micro jet generated by cavitation, SO 2 , the reaction rate of NO and oxidant will be accelerated. In addition, a large number of bubbles will be generated in the cavitation reactor, which will promote mass transfer efficiency and further accelerate the reaction.

[0085] In addition to ClO 2 and NaClO 2 In addition to being able to inactivate organisms in ballast water, the highly oxidizing OH can also inactivate ballast water organisms. In addition, the extreme environment such as high temperature, high pressure and strong micro jets generated by cavitation will further promote the treatment effect of ballast water organisms. In addition, the large number of bubbles generated in the cavitation reactor will promote mass transfer efficiency and accelerate the efficiency of biological inactivation.

[0086] As the reaction proceeds, a large amount of H + , H + Will be with NaClO 2 The reaction produces ClO 2 , as shown in reaction (8). 2 Oxidizing property is higher than NaClO 2 strong, so in the initial ClO 2 After being consumed, pollutants in the exhaust gas and ballast water organisms will continue to be consumed by newly generated ClO 2 Efficient processing.

[0087]

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ship ballast tank group (1), wherein the ship ballast tank group (1) comprises a plurality of ship ballast tanks, each of the ship ballast tanks having a valve at its liquid outlet and liquid inlet, each of the ship ballast tanks being connected in parallel through pipelines, and ballast water is output through an output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group (1), and a pump (2) is provided on the output pipeline of the ship ballast tank group (1); A venturi ejector (4), wherein the liquid input end of the venturi ejector is connected to the output pipeline of the ship's ballast tank group (1), and the gas input end is connected to the ship's smoke exhaust pipe (6) and the automatic injection box (7), and the venturi ejector (4) is used to fully mix the ballast water, gas, and oxidant; A separation device (5), wherein the input end of the separation device (5) is connected to the output end of the venturi ejector (4), the output end of the separation device (5) is connected to the return line of the ship ballast tank group (1), a smoke sensor (51) is provided at the exhaust port of the separation device (5), a liquid level sensor (52) is provided below the smoke sensor (51), a slag discharge cabinet (53) is provided at the bottom of the separation device (5), and the separation device (5) is used to separate the mixed fluid output by the venturi ejector (4).

2. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The venturi ejector (4) comprises a fluid inlet straight pipe section (41), a contraction section (42), a throat (43), an expansion section (44), and a fluid outlet straight pipe section (45) which are sealed and connected in sequence. The fluid inlet straight pipe section (41), the throat (43), and the fluid outlet straight pipe section (45) are through pipe bodies respectively. The contraction section (42) is a through pipe body whose diameter gradually decreases from the connection with the fluid inlet straight pipe section (41). The expansion section (44) is a through pipe body whose diameter gradually increases from the connection with the throat (43). A suction pipe (46) is connected to the side of the throat (43). The suction pipe (46) is connected to a ship smoke exhaust pipe (6) through a pipeline. An automatic medicine injection box (7) is connected to the pipeline between the ship smoke exhaust pipe (6) and the suction pipe (46).

3. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis of the suction pipe (42) forms an obtuse angle with the axis of the Venturi ejector (4) on the side close to the liquid inlet.

4. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first pressure sensor (9) is provided on the liquid inlet side of the Venturi ejector (4), and a second pressure sensor (10) is provided on the liquid outlet side of the Venturi ejector (4). The Venturi ejectors (4) can be connected in parallel.

5. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ship smoke exhaust pipe (6) is provided with a safety valve (61) near its smoke exhaust port, a third pressure sensor (62) is provided below the safety valve (61), and a first valve (63) is provided at the connection between the ship smoke exhaust pipe (6) and the suction pipe.

6. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second valve (71) is provided at the connection between the automatic medicine injection box (7) and the suction pipe.

7. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a flow meter (3), which is arranged on the pipeline between the pump (2) and the Venturi ejector (4).

8. The device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The device also includes a CPU unit (8), which collects data from the flow meter (3), the first pressure sensor (9), the second pressure sensor (10), the third pressure sensor (62), the smoke sensor (51) and the liquid level sensor (52), controls the flow rate of the pump (2) according to the data from the first pressure sensor (9), the second pressure sensor (10), the liquid level sensor (52) and the flow meter (3), controls the injection rate of the automatic injection box (7) according to the data from the smoke sensor (51), and issues an alarm or a command to open the safety valve (61) according to the data from the third pressure sensor (62).

9. A method for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water, which is implemented based on the device for simultaneously treating ship exhaust gas and ballast water according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Open the outlet valve of a ship's ballast tank and start the pump (2). The pump (2) extracts ballast water from the current ship's ballast tank and drives the ballast water to flow through the flow meter (3) and enter the Venturi ejector (4); S2. The ballast water passes through the throat of the Venturi ejector (4), and the liquid flow rate increases due to the Venturi effect, and negative pressure is generated at the throat. When the difference between the first pressure sensor (9) and the second pressure sensor (10) is greater than a preset threshold, the first valve (63) and the second valve (71) are opened; S3. The throat of the Venturi ejector (4) generates suction to suck in the exhaust gas from the ship's exhaust pipe (6) and the oxidant from the automatic injection box (7), so that the flue gas and the oxidant react at the suction pipe, and then enter the Venturi ejector (4) to react with the flue gas, the oxidant, and the ballast water; S4. The mixed fluid after the reaction enters the separation device (5). When the liquid level in the separation device (5) reaches 1 / 2 of the total range, the liquid inlet valve of the current ship's ballast tank is opened, and the separated liquid flows into the current ship's ballast tank, the gas is discharged from the top of the separation device (5), and the solid is precipitated in the slag discharge tank (53); S5. Detect the ballast water in the current ship's ballast tank at regular intervals. When the test results meet the standard and the liquid level in the current ship's ballast tank reaches a certain height, close the valves of the current ship's ballast tank outlet and inlet, open the valves of the inlet and outlet of another ship's ballast tank, and repeat steps S1-S5; S6. When the ballast water in all ballast tanks on board the ship reaches the standard, stop treatment; S7. After the ship arrives at the port, the ballast water treated by cavitation will be handed over to the shore for unified treatment.

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