Rhizomatic traditional Chinese medicine superfine grinding system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material crushers, and provides a rhizome traditional Chinese medicine superfine crushing system and method.The system comprises a feeding device, a coarse crushing device, a superfine crushing device and a cyclone dust collector, and the feeding device is used for feeding traditional Chinese medicines into the coarse crushing device; the coarse crushing device performs coarse crushing and fine crushing operation on the received traditional Chinese medicine materials through two crushing rotors, the superfine crushing device is used for performing superfine crushing on the traditional Chinese medicine materials treated by the coarse crushing device, and the cyclone dust removal device is used for separating out the traditional Chinese medicine materials in airflow. According to the traditional Chinese medicine superfine grinding device, a power element grinding motor is used for driving two grinding rotors to conduct coarse grinding and fine grinding on traditional Chinese medicine materials respectively, belt wheels of different sizes are used for accelerating a cutter main shaft for fine grinding, graded grinding of the materials of different sizes is achieved, then the materials are introduced into the superfine grinding device, and the grinding efficiency is improved. And superfine grinding is carried out through the airflow grinding disc, the grinding effect is better, the production efficiency is higher, and the automation degree is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material pulverizers, and in particular to an ultrafine pulverization system and method for rhizome Chinese medicinal materials. Background Art

[0002] The structure and properties of Chinese medicinal materials are complex and diverse, and conventional single pulverizing equipment is difficult to meet the pulverizing requirements of various Chinese medicinal materials. In particular, for medicinal materials containing more fiber, such as astragalus, licorice, and phellodendron, it is usually difficult to achieve the required pulverization fineness using conventional pulverizing equipment; at the same time, because the fibers in the medicinal materials are difficult to pass through the sieve of the pulverizer smoothly, they are retained in the pulverizing system, which not only produces a buffering effect during the pulverization process, but also wastes a lot of mechanical energy, resulting in the so-called "buffered pulverization" and low pulverization efficiency; in addition, during conventional pulverization, these fibers constantly collide and heat up inside the pulverizer, which can easily cause fire.

[0003] The main component of rhizome Chinese medicine is plant fiber, which is more tough and less brittle. The strain energy absorbed by the material is large, and it is difficult to crush. In addition, in order to reduce the agglomeration of the material during crushing, the Chinese medicine must be dried before crushing, which makes the rhizome Chinese medicine very tough and more difficult to crush. In the field of Chinese medicine crushing, most of them use ready-made crushing equipment to crush Chinese medicine, and do not choose reasonable crushing methods and crushing processes according to the types and characteristics of Chinese medicine.

[0004] At present, the coarse crushing methods of traditional Chinese medicine can be roughly divided into: Crushing and pulverizing: refers to the Chinese medicine being hit by the hammer of the rotor assembly inside the pulverizing mechanism. The high-speed rotating hammer is used to hammer the Chinese medicine multiple times, so that the Chinese medicine can achieve an ideal crushing effect and be brushed out through the brush net.

[0005] Grinding and crushing: Place the Chinese medicine between two grinding discs, and the relative movement of the teeth in the two grinding discs will generate pressure and shear force on the Chinese medicine. When the pressure and shear force on the Chinese medicine exceeds its internal cohesion, the Chinese medicine will be ground and crushed. Grinding and crushing is usually used to crush the dried Chinese medicine. Its supporting power is low, and the grinding disc is easy to wear, so that the Chinese medicine is mixed in the grinding disc components after crushing and there is more powder.

[0006] Mincing and crushing: Place the Chinese medicine between the two planes of the cutter, and apply external force to the Chinese medicine through the relative movement between the two planes to crush it.

[0007] Most impact mills mainly use impact force and friction force to crush, which is more suitable for brittle Chinese medicine. For rhizome Chinese medicine with high toughness, the most effective force field is shear force field, so the crushing efficiency of rhizome Chinese medicine is not high; and mechanical impact crushing can usually crush the material to about 100 mesh (150μm) at most. It takes a lot of energy and time to crush the material to a finer size. After a lot of research and experiments, it is found that most Chinese medicines need to be crushed to a particle size of less than 70μm to achieve wall breaking. Grinding type heat generation is more serious and difficult to apply on a large scale. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a rhizome Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding system and method, which realizes ultrafine grinding of rhizome Chinese medicine with high efficiency; while having high production efficiency and high degree of automation, it can also control the temperature of the grinding chamber to ensure the efficacy level of the Chinese medicine. The specific technical scheme is as follows: A root and rhizome Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding system, comprising: A feeding device, the feeding device comprising a feeding motor, a conveyor belt and a feeding hopper, the feeding motor is arranged on one side of the upper end of the conveyor belt, the feeding hopper is arranged on the upper end of the conveyor belt, and a plurality of baffles are arranged on the conveyor belt; A coarse crushing device, the coarse crushing device comprises an upper hopper of a crushing box, a crushing box, a first crushing rotor and a second crushing rotor sequentially installed inside the crushing box from top to bottom, the upper hopper of the crushing box is connected to the feeding upper hopper, the crushing box comprises an upper box body of the crushing box, a middle box body of the crushing box, a lower box body of the crushing box, a bottom baffle, and an internal installation space formed by the upper box body of the crushing box, the middle box body of the crushing box, the lower box body of the crushing box and the bottom baffle, a first crushing screen is provided below the first crushing rotor, a second crushing screen is provided below the second crushing rotor, the first crushing rotor is connected to a first pulley, the second crushing rotor is connected to a second pulley, the first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a belt, the diameter of the second pulley is smaller than the diameter of the first pulley, the second pulley is connected to a crushing motor by a belt, and a first discharge port is provided on the bottom baffle; An ultrafine pulverizing device, the ultrafine pulverizing device comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover and an air flow grinding disc arranged inside the upper end cover and the lower end cover, the upper end cover is provided with a feeding port and a second discharging port, the feeding port is connected with a first air flow pipe of a first air pump, the first discharging port is merged with the first air flow pipe through a discharging pipe, a Venturi nozzle is used at the merging point of the discharging pipe and the first air flow pipe, an air flow port is provided at the bottom end of the lower end cover, the air flow port is connected with the second air pump through the second air flow pipe, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are fixed by a clamp, the air flow grinding disc comprises a feed end cover and an air flow ring cover, a space for air flow to pulverize materials is formed between the feed end cover and the air flow ring cover, a feed end cover is provided with a feed port corresponding to the feeding port, and a plurality of air flow nozzles are provided on the side of the air flow grinding disc; A cyclone dust collector, wherein the feed port of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the second discharge port, and the lead-out port of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the storage barrel.

[0009] In a preferred implementation, the first pulverizing rotor and the second pulverizing rotor both include a main shaft, a plurality of spacers are arranged on the main shaft at equal intervals, the plurality of spacers are separated by spacer sleeves, the spacer sleeves are sleeved on the main shaft, the interior of the main shaft is a hollow structure, a plurality of small holes are radially opened at corresponding positions of the main shaft and the spacer sleeves, the small holes are used to spray cooling air directly onto the tool; The first pulverizing rotor and the second pulverizing rotor are both divided into a plurality of pulverizing chambers with a width B by the partition, according to the empirical formula:

[0010] Where, B is the width of the crushing chamber; Z is the number of cutters; E is the thickness of the cutter; is the arrangement density coefficient of the hammer, and the arrangement density coefficient is between 0.28 and 0.42; The number of cutters Z in the crushing chamber depends on at least one or more of the type of the coarse crushing device, the physical properties of the processed material and the expected production capacity. The empirical formula for calculating the number of cutters Z is:

[0011] In the formula, C is a constant, which depends on the type and specific design of the coarse crushing device; P is the expected production capacity, t / h or kg / h; M is the density of the material to be crushed; L is the effective length of the tool; S is the material cutting coefficient, which reflects the difficulty of material cutting.

[0012] In a preferred implementation, a plurality of tool connecting shafts are evenly arranged on the outer ring of the spacer, a plurality of tools are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the tool connecting shaft, and the plurality of tools are separated by tool spacers; a plurality of hammer connecting shafts are evenly arranged on the inner ring of the spacer, a plurality of hammers are movably arranged at equal intervals on the hammer connecting shaft, the plurality of hammers are axially staggered on the hammer connecting shaft, and the plurality of hammers are separated by hammer spacers; a limit pin is provided between the tool connecting shaft and the hammer connecting shaft, and the length of the hammer is smaller than the lowest end of the tool.

[0013] In a preferred implementation, the shapes of the first crushing screen and the second crushing screen fit the movement arc of the tool, a plurality of small holes are provided on the first crushing screen and the second crushing screen, and the aperture of the second crushing screen is smaller than the aperture of the first crushing screen.

[0014] In a preferred implementation, the diameter of the airflow ring cover is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper end cover or the lower end cover.

[0015] In a preferred implementation, six airflow nozzles are provided, and two adjacent airflow nozzles are of different sizes.

[0016] In a preferred implementation, the inner side of the airflow ring cover is configured as an airfoil cambered surface structure.

[0017] In a preferred implementation, a circular boss is provided at the center of the upper surface of the lower end cover, and the second discharge port extends downward through the upper end cover, with a gap left between the second discharge port and the circular boss.

[0018] A method for ultrafine grinding of rhizome Chinese medicine, using any one of the rhizome Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding systems, comprises the following steps: The feeding motor in the feeding device drives the conveyor belt to feed the Chinese medicine into the feeding hopper in cooperation with the baffle; The feeding upper hopper feeds the Chinese medicine into the coarse pulverizing device through the pulverizing box upper hopper; The Chinese medicine is coarsely ground at the first grinding rotor in the coarse grinding device, and then falls into the second grinding rotor through the first grinding screen and is finely ground. After the fine grinding is completed, it falls into the bottom baffle through the second grinding screen, and the Chinese medicine particles are discharged through the first discharge port; The Chinese medicine particles enter the airflow ring cover of the ultrafine grinding device from the feed port under the action of the Venturi nozzle. Under the action of the annular high-pressure airflow of multiple airflow nozzles, the Chinese medicine particles collide violently with each other to complete the ultrafine grinding. After the ultrafine grinding, the material particles enter the cyclone dust collector through the second discharge port to separate the dust and impurities generated during the processing. Finally, the cyclone dust collector guides the separated material particles into the storage barrel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: (1) In view of the fact that rhizome Chinese medicines contain a lot of fiber, conventional pulverizing equipment is difficult to control the pulverizing temperature for fibrous materials, and repeated pulverizing caused by agglomeration, the present invention uses a first pulverizing rotor and a second pulverizing rotor to perform coarse pulverization and fine pulverization respectively to obtain fine Chinese medicine particles with a diameter of 100 μm to 500 μm, which enter the ultrafine pulverizing device through the feeding port, and then high-pressure airflow enters the airflow grinding disc from multiple airflow nozzles at the same time to generate an annular airflow, so that material particles and material particles, and material particles and the cavity of the airflow grinding disc collide violently with each other, thereby achieving the effect of ultrafine pulverization.

[0020] (2) In view of the large heat generated by hammer-type pulverizers and the energy waste caused by repeated pulverization by knife-type pulverizers, the present invention provides hammers on the first pulverizing rotor and the second pulverizing rotor of the coarse pulverizing device, and the hammers are staggered in the axial direction, so that when the hammers rotate, the air in the pulverizing device is driven to realize non-uniform flow, so that the Chinese medicine material realizes irregular movement and pushes the Chinese medicine material to the outside; (3) In view of the fact that the current knife-type crushers are equipped with wind generators on both sides of the main shaft or use the cutter as a curved surface to obtain axial wind force when rotating, which results in the former being unable to evenly blow away the materials and the latter having too large axial force when moving at high speed, the present invention uses hammers to hit the materials to the periphery, and uses the high-speed rotating cutter to apply shear force to the materials, and then the wind field in the crusher will send the material particles of the appropriate size to the next-level crushing device.

[0021] (4) In order to solve the problem that the current coarse grinding devices for traditional Chinese medicine generate a large amount of heat that is difficult to control, the main shafts of the two grinding rotors are configured to have a hollow structure, and radial small holes are opened at the axial position of the tool that generates a large amount of heat. Small holes are also opened at the corresponding position on the spacer sleeve, so that cooling air can be directly sprayed onto the tool. The temperature is detected by an infrared temperature measuring module installed on the box. When the temperature is about to exceed the threshold, the air flow rate is increased or the air temperature is lowered to ensure the temperature of the traditional Chinese medicine grinding.

[0022] (5) In view of the irregular grinding of materials and low grinding efficiency in the current disc-type air flow mill, the present invention improves the size of the air flow nozzles in the disc-type air flow mill to a non-uniform size. The air flow velocities ejected by each air flow nozzle are different, which makes the friction between the original material particles and the machine body and the particles more intense.

[0023] (6) In view of the irregular crushing of materials and low crushing efficiency in the current disc-type air flow mill, the present invention improves the crushing chamber in the disc-type air flow mill into an arc-shaped wing-shaped curved surface structure, so that the flow velocity of the fluid changes when it flows through different cross-sections, making the collision of the materials more intense and the crushing effect better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ultrafine grinding system of rhizome Chinese medicine in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feeding device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the coarse crushing device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coarse crushing device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first crushing rotor in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the first crushing rotor in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the tool sliding angle in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main shaft in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the ultrafine pulverizing device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the ultrafine grinding device in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the superfine grinding device at AA.

[0035] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the ultrafine grinding device in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1, feeding device; 101, feeding motor; 102, conveyor belt; 103, feeding hopper; 104, baffle; 2. Coarse crushing device; 201. First crushing rotor; 2011. Main shaft; 2012. Spacer; 2013. Spacer sleeve; 2014. Tool connecting shaft; 2015. Tool; 2016. Tool spacer; 2017. Hammer connecting shaft; 2018. Hammer; 2019. Hammer spacer; 20110. Limit pin; 202. Second crushing rotor; 203. First crushing screen; 204. Second crushing screen; 205. Crushing box upper hopper; 206. Crushing box upper box body; 207. Crushing box middle box body; 208. Crushing box lower box body; 209. Bottom baffle; 210. First discharge port; 211. Radial small hole; 212. First pulley; 213. Second pulley; 214. Belt; 215. Crushing motor; 3. Ultrafine grinding device; 301. Upper end cover; 302. Lower end cover; 303. Feeding port; 304. Second discharge port; 305. First air pump; 306. First air flow pipe; 307. Second air pump; 308. Second air flow pipe; 309. Venturi nozzle; 3010. Air flow port; 3011. Clamp; 3012. Feeding end cover; 3013. Air flow ring cover; 3014. Feeding port; 3015. Air flow nozzle; 3016. Circular boss; 4. Cyclone dust collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0041] This embodiment discloses a system and method for ultrafine grinding of rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine, which are used to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0042] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a root and stem Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding system comprises: a feeding device 1, the feeding device 1 comprises a feeding motor 101, a conveyor belt 102 and a feeding hopper 103, the feeding motor 101 is arranged on one side of the upper end of the conveyor belt 102, the feeding hopper 103 is arranged on the upper end of the conveyor belt 102, and a plurality of baffles 104 are arranged on the conveyor belt 102; like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the coarse crushing device 2 comprises a crushing box upper hopper 205, a crushing box, a first crushing rotor 201 and a second crushing rotor 202 which are sequentially installed inside the crushing box from top to bottom, the crushing box upper hopper 205 is connected to the feeding upper hopper 103, the crushing box comprises a crushing box upper box body 206, a crushing box middle box body 207, a crushing box lower box body 208, a bottom baffle 209 and an internal installation space formed by the crushing box upper box body 206, the crushing box middle box body 207, the crushing box lower box body 208 and the bottom baffle 209, and a first crushing rotor 201 is provided below the first crushing rotor 201. A crushing screen 203, a second crushing screen 204 is provided under the second crushing rotor 202, the first crushing rotor 203 is connected to the first pulley 212, the second crushing rotor 202 is connected to the second pulley 213, the first pulley 212 and the second pulley 213 are connected by a belt 214, the diameter of the second pulley 213 is smaller than the diameter of the first pulley 212, the second pulley 213 is connected to the crushing motor 215 by the belt 214, and a first discharge port 210 is provided on the bottom baffle 209, and the bottom baffle 209 is provided with a slope to facilitate the discharge of the Chinese medicine particles from the first discharge port 210.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first pulverizing rotor 201 and the second pulverizing rotor 202 both include a main shaft 2011, on which a plurality of spacers 2012 are evenly spaced, and the plurality of spacers 2012 are separated by spacer sleeves 2013, and the spacer sleeves 2013 are sleeved on the main shaft 2011; the outer ring of the spacer 2012 is evenly provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, on which a plurality of tools 2015 are evenly spaced and fixedly provided, and the plurality of tools 2015 are separated by tool spacer sleeves 2016, and the spacer 2012 is provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, and the plurality of tools 2015 are separated by tool spacer sleeves 2016, and the spacer 2012 is provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, and the plurality of tools 2015 are provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, and the plurality of tools 2015 are separated by tool spacer sleeves 2016, and the plurality of tools 2015 are ... provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, and the plurality of tools 2015 are provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, and the plurality of tools 2015 are provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts 2014, and the plurality A plurality of hammer connecting shafts 2017 are evenly arranged on the inner ring of 012, and a plurality of hammers 2018 are movably arranged at equal intervals on the hammer connecting shaft 2017. The plurality of hammers 2018 are axially staggered on the hammer connecting shaft 2017, and the plurality of hammers 2018 are separated by hammer spacers 2019. A limit pin 20110 is provided between the tool connecting shaft 2014 and the hammer connecting shaft 2017 to prevent the tool 2015 from swinging too much and interfering with the hammer 2018. The length of the hammer 2018 is smaller than the lowest end of the tool 2015.

[0044] In a preferred implementation, the first pulverizing rotor 201 and the second pulverizing rotor 202 are both divided into a plurality of pulverizing chambers with a width of B by the partition 2012. According to the empirical formula of the pulverizing device, it is obtained that:

[0045] Where, B is the width of the crushing chamber; Z is the number of cutters; E is the thickness of the cutter; It is the arrangement density coefficient of the hammer, which is generally between 0.28-0.42.

[0046] The number of cutters Z in each crushing chamber depends on the type of crushing device, the physical properties of the processed material, and the expected production capacity. The empirical formula for calculating the number of cutters Z is:

[0047] In the formula, C is a constant, which depends on the type and specific design of the coarse crushing device; P is the expected production capacity, t / h or kg / h; M is the density of the material to be crushed; L is the effective length of the tool; S is the material's cutting coefficient, which reflects the difficulty of material cutting and is determined by experiment.

[0048] It should be noted that the spacer 2012, the tool connecting shaft 2014, the hammer connecting shaft 2017, the tool 2015 and the hammer 2018 are driven to rotate at the same time, and the Chinese medicine material is mainly subjected to the shear force exerted on it by the tool 2015. Among them, the hammer 2018 is movably installed, so as to reduce rigid collision during operation, extend the service life, reduce the number of replacements, and at the same time disrupt the airflow in the coarse crushing device 2 and hit the Chinese medicine material to the edge to achieve more efficient crushing and grading.

[0049] In addition, the tool is designed to solve the problems of strong toughness, difficulty in complete crushing, and serious entanglement of Chinese medicine rhizomes during knife-type crushing. The tool is designed based on the sliding cutting principle to reduce the shear resistance of Chinese medicine and improve the crushing performance. The details are as follows: The material moving in a circular trajectory at a certain moment is simplified to the positive direction of the X axis, and the tool moves in a circular arc. The speed is uniformly forward, the Y axis is the radial direction of the rotor, and the particle H of the rhizome of traditional Chinese medicine is taken as the research object, and its dynamic analysis is performed, such as Figure 7 As shown, the H kinetic equation of Chinese medicine particles is established: (1) in, is the pressure of the Chinese medicine particle H on the crushing fixed knife, N; is the friction force of the Chinese medicine particle H on the tool itself, N; is the friction force of the Chinese medicine particle H on other Chinese medicine straws, N; is the acceleration of the Chinese medicine particle H, . is the relative acceleration of the Chinese medicine particle H, ; is the mass of the Chinese medicine particle H, N; is the sliding friction angle, °, and after rearranging, we get: (2) in, is a fixed value, which is determined by the physical properties of the material itself and can be determined by experiments. According to formula 2, the condition for the relative sliding of the Chinese medicine material and the tool is , that is , which can determine the most suitable sliding cutting angle for root and tuber Chinese medicine knives .

[0050] In a preferred implementation, the shapes of the first pulverizing screen 203 and the second pulverizing screen 204 fit the motion arc of the cutter 2015, and a plurality of small holes are provided on the first pulverizing screen 203 and the second pulverizing screen 204, and the aperture of the second pulverizing screen 204 is smaller than that of the first pulverizing screen 203. After being pulverized by the first pulverizing rotor 201, the Chinese medicine material passes through the first pulverizing screen 203 and enters the second pulverizing rotor 202 below for finer pulverization. Due to the change in the properties of the Chinese medicine material, the pulverizing effect of the hammer 2018 is greater than the pulverizing effect of the cutter 2015 at this time, so the life of the cutter 2015 in the second pulverizing rotor 202 is greater than that of the cutter 2015 in the first pulverizing rotor 201, and the cutter 2015 in the second pulverizing rotor 202 does not need to be frequently replaced.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the interior of the main shaft 2011 is configured as a hollow structure, and a plurality of small holes 211 are radially opened at positions corresponding to the main shaft 2011 and the spacer sleeve 2013. The small holes 211 are used to spray cooling air directly onto the tool 2015. When the air temperature meter in the coarse crushing device 2 finds that the temperature is about to exceed the threshold, the flow of cold air entering the main shaft 2011 will increase or reduce the air temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the crushing temperature.

[0052] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the ultrafine grinding device 3 includes an upper end cover 301, a lower end cover 302 and an air flow grinding disc arranged inside the upper end cover 301 and the lower end cover 302, the upper end cover 301 is provided with a feeding port 303 and a second discharge port 304, the feeding port 303 is connected to a first air flow pipe 306 of a first air pump 305, the first discharge port 210 is combined with the first air flow pipe 306 through a discharge pipe, the bottom end of the lower end cover 302 is provided with an air flow port 3010, the air pump 305 is connected to the first air flow pipe 306 through a discharge pipe, the lower end cover 302 is provided with an air flow port 3010, and the air pump 305 is connected to the first air flow pipe 306 through a discharge pipe. The flow port 3010 is connected to the second air pump 307 through the second air flow pipe 308, the upper end cover 301 and the lower end cover 302 are fixed by a clamp 3011, the air flow grinding disc includes a feed end cover 3012 and an air flow ring cover 3013, a space for air flow to crush the material is formed between the feed end cover 3012 and the air flow ring cover 3013, the feed end cover 3012 is provided with a feed port 3014 corresponding to the feed port 303, and a plurality of air flow nozzles 3015 are provided on the side of the air flow grinding disc; Specifically, the Chinese medicine material is crushed by the first crushing rotor 201 of the coarse crushing device 2, and then enters the second crushing rotor 202 below through the first crushing screen 203 for finer crushing. After being processed into particles, it enters the ultrafine crushing device 3 through the feeding port 303. Since the Venturi nozzle 309 is set at the junction of the discharge pipe and the first airflow pipe 306, the high-speed airflow can accelerate the material particles to supersonic speed, and at the same time generate suction on the first discharge port 210 of the upper level, so that the discharge of the first discharge port 210 is smoother and the material particles are The particles enter the airflow ring cover 3015 through the feed port 3014 on the feed end cover 3012. At the same time, the lower end cover 302 is also provided with an airflow port 3010. Since the diameter of the airflow ring cover 3013 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper end cover 301 or the lower end cover 302, after the high-pressure airflow is introduced, the high-pressure airflow can enter the airflow grinding disc from multiple airflow nozzles 3015 at the same time to generate an annular airflow, so that the material particles and the material particles, and the material particles and the cavity of the airflow grinding disc collide violently with each other, thereby achieving the effect of ultrafine grinding.

[0053] It should be noted that the angle between the feed port 3014 and the feed end cover 3012 is , the angle is obtained by analytical method The optimal solution is: Assume that the air flow velocity in the air flow ring cover 3015 is , the air flow velocity in the feed port 3014 is . and decompose the two velocities into the normal (t) and tangential (n) directions: (3) (4) (5) (6) The relative tangential velocity is (7) Assuming that the diameter of the feed port 3014 is S, the area where the airflow collides is also S. When the airflow collides at an angle a, the shear stress calculation formula is:

[0054]

[0055] Where u is the fluid velocity and material particle velocity, y is the transition layer thickness, is the fluid viscosity;

[0056]

[0057] It can be solved Optimal solution.

[0058] like Fig.11 As shown, a circular boss 3016 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the lower end cover 302, and the second discharge port 304 extends downward through the upper end cover 301, and a gap is left between the second discharge port 304 and the circular boss 3016. After the ultrafine grinding is completed, the material particles enter the gap between the second discharge port 304 and the circular boss 3016 in the formed central airflow, and enter the cyclone dust collector 4 along the second discharge port 304. The cyclone dust collector 4 is mainly used to separate the material particles from the dust generated during the processing and the impurities generated by the crushing of traditional Chinese medicine materials. The feed port of the cyclone dust collector 4 is connected to the second discharge port 304, and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 4 is connected to the storage barrel. The cyclone dust collector 4 separates the material particles and introduces them into the storage barrel.

[0059] It should be noted that conventional jet mills usually use several air holes of the same size to accelerate material particles. This method results in insufficient movement of the material, and the acceleration of the material in the air flow is relatively regular, resulting in low production efficiency. The technology of the present invention improves the size of the nozzle in view of the current situation. It can be known from fluid mechanics that: (12) Among them, Q is the flow rate, V is the flow velocity, and d is the inner diameter of the pipe. It is concluded that when the flow rate is constant, the larger the inner diameter of the pipe, the smaller the fluid flow velocity. Therefore, the airflow nozzles of the present invention are set to 6, and the sizes of two adjacent airflow nozzles are different. When the material particles pass through the airflow nozzles with small diameter and large flow velocity, they are accelerated more than those passing through the airflow nozzles with large diameter and small flow velocity. The speed difference between the material particles can cause more intense collision and friction between the material particles, and the crushing efficiency is higher.

[0060] A method for ultrafine grinding of rhizome Chinese medicine, using any one of the rhizome Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding systems, comprises the following steps: The feeding motor 101 in the feeding device 1 drives the conveyor belt 102 to feed the Chinese medicine into the feeding hopper 103 in cooperation with the baffle 104; The feeding upper hopper 103 feeds the Chinese medicine into the coarse pulverizing device 2 through the pulverizing box upper hopper 205; The Chinese medicine is coarsely ground at the first grinding rotor 201 in the coarse grinding device 2, and then falls into the second grinding rotor 202 through the first grinding screen 203 and is finely ground. After the fine grinding is completed, it falls into the bottom baffle 209 through the second grinding screen 204, and the Chinese medicine particles are discharged through the first discharge port 210; The Chinese medicine particles enter the airflow ring cover 3013 of the ultrafine grinding device through the feed port 303 under the action of the venturi nozzle 309. Under the action of the annular high-pressure airflow of multiple airflow nozzles 3015, the Chinese medicine particles collide violently with each other, completing the ultrafine grinding. After the ultrafine grinding, the material particles enter the cyclone dust collector 4 through the second discharge port 304 to separate the dust and impurities generated during the processing. Finally, the cyclone dust collector 4 guides the separated material particles into the storage barrel.

[0061] Embodiment 2: On the basis of the first embodiment, the present embodiment optimizes the structure of the airflow ring cover in the ultrafine grinding device 3 .

[0062] When the diameter of the airflow nozzle 3015 is uniform, due to the effect of centrifugal force, there are more large particles near the edge of the airflow ring cover 3013 and more small particles near the axis, resulting in larger particles being difficult to crush and smaller particles being difficult to sieve out, which increases energy consumption and reduces productivity, resulting in uneven particle size of the crushed material.

[0063] This phenomenon is consistent with Stokes' theorem in engineering fluid mechanics. The velocity circulation along the closed circumference is equal to the sum of the vortex intensities passing through the area, that is: (13) when When is a constant: (14) in is the angular velocity, rad / s; A is the area within the closed perimeter, .

[0064] Let A be the cross-sectional area per unit thickness of the flow channel, and the continuity equation for compressible fluid is: (15) Integrating the effective cross section gives (16) in is the density of gas and solid, Kg / ; v is the gas velocity, m / s; By formula and Available (17) Where, C is the speed of sound; p is the fluid pressure; Substituting the continuity condition, we get (18) Mach number Substituting into the above formula, we can get (19) From formula 19, we know that there are three motion states of compressible fluid in the pipeline: when M < 1, V < C; when M > 1, V > C; when M = 1, V = C. It can be concluded that the flow velocity can be changed by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner surface of the turntable, causing the annular layer to be destroyed and aggravating the wear of the material.

[0065] like Fig.12 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner side of the airflow ring cover 3013 is set as an airfoil shaped curved surface structure. Under its influence, the material particles move alternately in different directions and speeds to form floccules, and the change in speed increases the probability of the particles being hit, which can better improve the crushing efficiency.

[0066] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rhizome Chinese medicine ultrafine grinding system, characterized in that: include: A feeding device, the feeding device comprising a feeding motor, a conveyor belt and a feeding hopper, the feeding motor is arranged on one side of the upper end of the conveyor belt, the feeding hopper is arranged on the upper end of the conveyor belt, and a plurality of baffles are arranged on the conveyor belt; A coarse crushing device, the coarse crushing device comprises an upper hopper of a crushing box, a crushing box, a first crushing rotor and a second crushing rotor sequentially installed inside the crushing box from top to bottom, the upper hopper of the crushing box is connected to the feeding upper hopper, the crushing box comprises an upper box body of the crushing box, a middle box body of the crushing box, a lower box body of the crushing box, a bottom baffle, and an internal installation space formed by the upper box body of the crushing box, the middle box body of the crushing box, the lower box body of the crushing box and the bottom baffle, a first crushing screen is provided below the first crushing rotor, a second crushing screen is provided below the second crushing rotor, the first crushing rotor is connected to a first pulley, the second crushing rotor is connected to a second pulley, the first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a belt, the diameter of the second pulley is smaller than the diameter of the first pulley, the second pulley is connected to a crushing motor by a belt, and a first discharge port is provided on the bottom baffle; An ultrafine pulverizing device, the ultrafine pulverizing device comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover and an air flow grinding disc arranged inside the upper end cover and the lower end cover, the upper end cover is provided with a feeding port and a second discharging port, the feeding port is connected with a first air flow pipe of a first air pump, the first discharging port is merged with the first air flow pipe through a discharging pipe, a Venturi nozzle is used at the merging point of the discharging pipe and the first air flow pipe, an air flow port is provided at the bottom end of the lower end cover, the air flow port is connected with the second air pump through the second air flow pipe, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are fixed by a clamp, the air flow grinding disc comprises a feed end cover and an air flow ring cover, a space for air flow to pulverize materials is formed between the feed end cover and the air flow ring cover, a feed end cover is provided with a feed port corresponding to the feeding port, and a plurality of air flow nozzles are provided on the side of the air flow grinding disc; A cyclone dust collector, wherein the feed port of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the second discharge port, and the lead-out port of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the storage barrel.

2. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pulverizing rotor and the second pulverizing rotor both include a main shaft, a plurality of spacers are arranged on the main shaft at equal intervals, the plurality of spacers are separated by spacer sleeves, the spacer sleeves are sleeved on the main shaft, the interior of the main shaft is a hollow structure, a plurality of small holes are radially opened at corresponding positions of the main shaft and the spacer sleeves, the small holes are used to directly spray cooling air onto the cutter; The first pulverizing rotor and the second pulverizing rotor are both divided into a plurality of pulverizing chambers with a width B by the partition, according to the empirical formula: Where, B is the width of the crushing chamber; Z is the number of cutters; E is the thickness of the cutter; is the arrangement density coefficient of the hammer, and the arrangement density coefficient is between 0.28 and 0.42; The number of cutters Z in the crushing chamber depends on at least one or more of the type of the coarse crushing device, the physical properties of the processed material and the expected production capacity. The empirical formula for calculating the number of cutters Z is: In the formula, C is a constant, which depends on the type and specific design of the coarse crushing device; P is the expected production capacity, t / h or kg / h; M is the density of the material to be crushed; L is the effective length of the tool; S is the material cutting coefficient, which reflects the difficulty of material cutting.

3. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circle of the spacer is evenly provided with a plurality of tool connecting shafts, a plurality of tools are fixedly provided on the tool connecting shaft at equal intervals, and the plurality of tools are separated by tool spacers; the inner circle of the spacer is evenly provided with a plurality of hammer connecting shafts, a plurality of hammers are movably provided on the hammer connecting shaft at equal intervals, the plurality of hammers are axially staggered on the hammer connecting shaft, and the plurality of hammers are separated by hammer spacers; a limit pin is provided between the tool connecting shaft and the hammer connecting shaft, and the length of the hammer is smaller than the lowest end of the tool.

4. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shapes of the first pulverizing screen and the second pulverizing screen fit the movement arc of the tool. A plurality of small holes are provided on the first pulverizing screen and the second pulverizing screen, and the aperture of the second pulverizing screen is smaller than that of the first pulverizing screen.

5. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the airflow ring cover is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper end cover or the lower end cover.

6. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are six airflow nozzles, and two adjacent airflow nozzles are of different sizes.

7. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the airflow ring cover is arranged as an airfoil cambered surface structure.

8. The ultrafine grinding system for rhizomes of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular boss is provided at the center of the upper surface of the lower end cover, and the second discharge port extends downward through the upper end cover, with a gap left between the second discharge port and the circular boss.

9. A method for ultrafine grinding of rhizomes of Chinese medicine, using the ultrafine grinding system of rhizomes of Chinese medicine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The feeding motor in the feeding device drives the conveyor belt to feed the Chinese medicine into the feeding hopper in cooperation with the baffle; The feeding upper hopper feeds the Chinese medicine into the coarse pulverizing device through the pulverizing box upper hopper; The Chinese medicine is coarsely ground at the first grinding rotor in the coarse grinding device, and then falls into the second grinding rotor through the first grinding screen and is finely ground. After the fine grinding is completed, it falls into the bottom baffle through the second grinding screen, and the Chinese medicine particles are discharged through the first discharge port; The Chinese medicine particles enter the airflow ring cover of the ultrafine grinding device from the feed port under the action of the Venturi nozzle. Under the action of the annular high-pressure airflow of multiple airflow nozzles, the Chinese medicine particles collide violently with each other to complete the ultrafine grinding. After the ultrafine grinding, the material particles enter the cyclone dust collector through the second discharge port to separate the dust and impurities generated during the processing. Finally, the cyclone dust collector guides the separated material particles into the storage barrel.

Images