Classification and separation equipment and separation method for waste battery recovery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery sorting, and discloses classification and sorting equipment and a sorting method for waste battery recycling, the classification and sorting equipment comprises a shell, a support is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the shell, a heavy material output pipe and a light material output pipe are mounted in the shell, and a winnowing mechanism and a sorting mechanism are mounted in the shell; according to the classifying and sorting equipment, the winnowing mechanism is arranged, airflow is blown out through a blowing component to penetrate through the winnowing ventilation opening to sort waste battery particles on the inclined conveying belt, light particles fly up and fall onto the inclined bearing plate, winnowing operation can be repeatedly conducted on the waste battery particles for multiple times, airflow interference is avoided, and the sorting efficiency is improved. By arranging the sorting mechanism, the sorting precision is higher, by arranging the sorting mechanism, the waste battery particles falling onto the inclined conveying belt cannot be stacked or agglomerated, and the sorting precision is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery sorting, in particular to a classification and sorting device and a sorting method for recycling waste batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and lithium-ion power batteries, a large number of waste batteries are generated. In the process of using physical methods to treat waste batteries, it is first necessary to use equipment to crush the batteries, and then sort the main components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, isolation membranes, aluminum-plastic films and electrolytes. In the process of batch recycling, there are high requirements for sorting efficiency, purity of sorting materials, energy consumption, dust and gas diffusion.

[0003] The commonly used method for sorting solid waste from used batteries is mainly physical sorting. Due to the different densities of different components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separators and aluminum-plastic films, the positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separators and aluminum-plastic films that are crushed and ground into particles can be sorted out according to their weights. The weights of the solid waste components in the crushed used batteries are different and the particles are small. The use of air sorting equipment can classify and sort the different components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separators and aluminum-plastic films that are crushed into particles.

[0004] In a Chinese patent with publication number CN109396042B, a lithium-ion battery crushed particle sorting device and method are disclosed. This device arranges air inlet mechanisms at different heights of the middle cylindrical part, and stratifies the crushed particles entering from the feed port above the middle cylindrical part according to the weight of each particle. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0005] However, when the above-mentioned sorting device is in use, during the process of broken particles entering the middle cylindrical part from the inlet pipe and being sorted multiple times, the heavier particles passing through the circular hole in the middle of the second filter screen above will gradually approach the second filter screen due to the negative pressure, collision and lateral speed generated by sliding downward in the feed pipe. This causes a part of the heavier particles to fall onto the second filter screen where the lighter particles stay due to collision and lateral movement, resulting in low accuracy of the various sorted particles, affecting the quality of the product. At the same time, with the increase of the falling distance, due to the effect of gravity acceleration, the falling speed of the particles gradually increases, and the particles must flow into the second filter screen on the lower layer in a shorter time. Moreover, when the feeding speed is too fast, a large number of particles may fall at the same time, affecting the sorting effect, resulting in a further decrease in accuracy. Therefore, a classification and sorting device that can repeatedly sort to improve accuracy and a sorting method for recycling used batteries are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a classification and sorting device and a sorting method for recycling waste batteries, which have the advantages of high sorting accuracy and solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A classification and sorting device comprises a shell, a support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell, and a heavy material output pipe and a light material output pipe are installed inside the shell, a pneumatic separation mechanism and a sorting mechanism are installed inside the shell, and a receiving hopper is installed on one side of the top of the shell, the sorting mechanism is used to receive particles falling from the receiving hopper and transport the particles to the pneumatic separation mechanism evenly and dispersedly, the pneumatic separation mechanism comprises an inclined conveyor belt, a blowing component, a receiving component and a receiving conveyor belt, the inclined conveyor belt is used to receive particles output by the sorting mechanism and transport particles of different densities upward, and the unloading end of the inclined conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the heavy material output pipe. The surface of the inclined conveyor belt is evenly provided with air selection vents, and the outer surface of the inclined conveyor belt is evenly provided with baffles. The blowing component discharges air upward, and its air outlet is arranged on the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt. The receiving component is used to receive the light particles blown away from the inclined conveyor belt by the blowing component, and the receiving component includes an inclined receiving plate, which is installed above the inclined conveyor belt. Several of the inclined receiving plates are arranged in a linear array along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt. The receiving conveyor belt is used to receive the light particles sliding off the inclined receiving plate, and the receiving conveyor belt and the unloading end of the receiving conveyor belt are arranged above the inlet of the light material output pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a left mounting plate and a right mounting plate are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the shell, respectively, and the left mounting plate and the right mounting plate are used to install the inclined conveyor belt and the receiving conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, the air selection mechanism also includes an air vent anti-blocking component, the air vent anti-blocking component includes a left long-hair barrel brush, a middle long-hair barrel brush, a right long-hair barrel brush and a cleaning drive motor, the left long-hair barrel brush, the middle long-hair barrel brush and the right long-hair barrel brush are respectively arranged on the left, middle and right sides of the inclined conveyor belt, the left long-hair barrel brush and the middle long-hair barrel brush are both in contact with the upper surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, and the right long-hair barrel brush is in contact with the lower surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, the left long-hair barrel brush, the middle long-hair barrel brush and the right long-hair barrel brush are respectively fixedly installed with a left mounting shaft, a middle mounting shaft and a right mounting shaft, both ends of the left mounting shaft, the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate, the cleaning drive motor is fixedly installed on one of the right mounting plates, and the driving end of the cleaning drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the left mounting shaft, the left mounting shaft and the middle mounting shaft are transmission-connected via a left middle transmission pulley, and the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are transmission-connected via a right middle transmission pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the blowing component includes a blower and an air outlet box, the blower is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom of the shell, the air outlet box is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt, and both ends of the air outlet box are fixedly connected to the right mounting plate, the upper surface of the air outlet box is provided with air outlets distributed in a rectangular array, the blower and the air outlet box are connected by an air pipe, and the air outlet box is distributed between the left long-hair cylinder brush, the middle long-hair cylinder brush and the right long-hair cylinder brush.

[0014] Preferably, the receiving component further comprises a receiving rotating rod, a slide plate, a rotating wheel and an eccentric shaft, a receiving rotating rod is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of each of the inclined receiving plates, both ends of the receiving rotating rod are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate, one end of all the receiving rotating rods are fixedly mounted with a reciprocating rotating gear, there is a gap between adjacent reciprocating rotating gears, a rack for meshing and transmitting with all the reciprocating rotating gears is arranged on the top of the slide plate, both ends of the lower surface of the slide plate are fixedly mounted with a guide plate, and a transmission plate is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the lower surface of the slide plate, parallel sliding holes are provided in the two guide plates, the two parallel sliding holes are slidably connected to the left mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft respectively, and the length direction of the parallel sliding holes is parallel to the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt, a vertical sliding hole is provided in the transmission plate, and the length direction of the vertical sliding hole is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt, the center position of one side of the rotating wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the middle mounting shaft, the eccentric shaft is fixedly mounted at a position deviating from the center of the other side of the rotating wheel, and the eccentric shaft is slidably sleeved inside the vertical sliding hole.

[0015] Preferably, the sorting mechanism includes a material receiving bin, a two-way auger and a metering drum, the material receiving bin is fixedly installed between the left mounting plates, and a material receiving trough, a circular groove and a discharge port are respectively provided at the top, middle and bottom of the material receiving bin, the material receiving trough, the circular groove and the discharge port are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the two-way auger and the metering drum are respectively rotatably installed inside the material receiving trough and the circular groove, the outer wall surface of the metering drum is tightly attached to the inner wall of the circular groove, and the outer wall of the metering drum is evenly provided with material transport troughs, the two-way auger and the metering drum are respectively fixedly installed with an auger shaft and a metering shaft, the auger shaft and the metering shaft both pass through the two end side walls of the material receiving bin and are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate, a material receiving motor is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate, the driving end of the material receiving motor is fixedly connected to the metering shaft, and the auger shaft and the metering shaft are connected through a material receiving pulley transmission.

[0016] Preferably, the sorting mechanism further comprises a horizontal conveyor belt, the horizontal conveyor belt is arranged below the discharge port, and the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt is arranged above the loading end of the inclined conveyor belt, and the horizontal conveyor belt is mounted on the left mounting plate.

[0017] Preferably, the sorting mechanism also includes a limiting roller, which is rotatably arranged on one side of the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt, and is close to the outer side of the horizontal conveyor belt. A limiting shaft is fixedly installed on the limiting roller, and both ends of the limiting shaft are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate. Transmission gears are fixedly installed on the limiting shaft and the adjacent horizontal conveying rotating rod, and the two transmission gears are meshed with each other.

[0018] Preferably, the receiving hopper is fixedly mounted to the shell via a spring, and a vibration motor is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the receiving hopper, and a discharge port of the receiving hopper extends to above the receiving trough.

[0019] The invention also discloses a sorting method for recycling waste batteries, which uses the above-mentioned classification and sorting equipment.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a classification and sorting device and a sorting method for recycling waste batteries, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The classification and sorting equipment, by setting up a pneumatic separation mechanism, uses a blowing component to blow out airflow through the pneumatic separation vent to sort the waste battery particles on the inclined conveyor belt, so that light particles float up and fall onto the inclined receiving plate, and can repeatedly perform pneumatic separation operations on the waste battery particles without airflow interference, so that the sorting accuracy is higher. By setting up a sorting mechanism, the waste battery particles that fall on the inclined conveyor belt will not be stacked and agglomerated, further improving the accuracy of classification and sorting.

[0023] 2. The classification and sorting equipment, by arranging a receiving rotating rod, a slide plate, a reciprocating rotating gear, a rack, a guide plate and a transmission plate on the inclined receiving plate, enables the inclined receiving plate to continuously swing at a small angle, so that the light particles falling on the inclined receiving plate can slide downward under the action of gravity, avoiding the accumulation of particles on the inclined receiving plate and improving the sorting efficiency.

[0024] 3. The classification and sorting equipment can continuously clean the air selection vents by arranging the air vent anti-blocking components to avoid the air selection vents from being blocked during the air selection process, thereby affecting the air selection efficiency.

[0025] 4. The classification and sorting equipment can sort the particles entering the classification and sorting equipment by setting a receiving bin, a two-way auger and a quantitative rotating drum, so that the particles are broken up and distributed on the horizontal conveyor belt in groups of a certain volume. By setting a limiting roller in conjunction with the horizontal conveyor belt, the speed of the horizontal conveyor belt outputting particles can be limited, so that the particles will not be stacked on the inclined conveyor belt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the decomposed structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 The classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged local structure at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 The classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 7 This is the third schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 The classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at C in the middle;

[0034] Fig. 9 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Shell; 11. Heavy material output pipe; 12. Light material output pipe; 13. Left mounting plate; 14. Right mounting plate; 2. Air selection mechanism; 21. Inclined conveyor belt; 211. Air selection vent; 212. Baffle bar; 213. Inclined conveyor rotating rod; 214. Inclined conveyor motor; 22. Blowing material component; 221. Blower; 222. Air outlet box; 23. Receiver component; 231. Inclined receiving plate; 232. Receiver rotating rod; 233. Slide plate; 234. Reciprocating rotating gear; 235. Rack; 236. Guide plate; 237. Transmission plate; 238. Parallel slide hole; 239. Vertical slide hole; 2310. Rotor; 2311. Eccentric shaft; 24. Receiver conveyor belt; 241. Receiver conveyor rotating shaft; 242. Receiver conveyor motor; 25. Vent anti-blocking component; 2 51. Left long-haired cylinder brush; 252. Middle long-haired cylinder brush; 253. Right long-haired cylinder brush; 254. Left mounting shaft; 255. Middle mounting shaft; 256. Right mounting shaft; 257. Cleaning drive motor; 258. Left middle transmission pulley; 259. Right middle transmission pulley; 3. Sorting mechanism; 31. Receiving bin; 311. Receiving trough; 312. Circular trough; 313. Discharge port; 32. Two-way auger; 321. Auger shaft; 33. Measuring drum; 331. Material transport trough; 332. Measuring shaft; 34. Horizontal conveyor belt; 341. Horizontal conveying rod; 342. Horizontal conveying motor; 35. Limiting roller; 351. Limiting shaft; 36. Receiving motor; 37. Receiving pulley; 38. Transmission gear; 4. Receiving hopper; 41. Spring; 42. Vibrating motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7The present invention provides a classification and sorting device, comprising a shell 1, a support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shell 1, and a heavy material output pipe 11 and a light material output pipe 12 are installed inside the shell 1, a wind selection mechanism 2 and a sorting mechanism 3 are installed inside the shell 1, and a receiving hopper 4 is installed on one side of the top of the shell 1, the sorting mechanism 3 is used to receive the particles falling from the receiving hopper 4, and uniformly and dispersedly transport the particles to the wind selection mechanism 2, the wind selection mechanism 2 includes an inclined conveyor belt 21, a blowing component 22, a receiving component 23 and a receiving conveyor belt 24, the inclined conveyor belt 21 is used to receive the particles output by the sorting mechanism 3, and transport particles with different densities upward, and the unloading end of the inclined conveyor belt 21 is arranged above the inlet of the heavy material output pipe 11, and the surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21 is uniformly provided with wind selection ventilation The inclined conveyor belt 21 has an opening 211, and the outer surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21 is evenly provided with baffles 212, the blowing component 22 discharges air upward, and its air outlet is arranged on the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21, the receiving component 23 is used to receive the light particles blown up by the blowing component 22 and leaving the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the receiving component 23 includes an inclined receiving plate 231, the inclined receiving plate 231 is installed above the inclined conveyor belt 21, and a plurality of inclined receiving plates 231 are arranged in a linear array along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21, there is a gap between two adjacent inclined receiving plates 231, and there is an overlapping part in the projection of the side close to each other on the horizontal plane, the receiving conveyor belt 24 is used to receive the light particles sliding off the inclined receiving plate 231, and the unloading end of the receiving conveyor belt 24 is arranged above the entrance of the light material output pipe 12.

[0041] As can be seen from the above, when using the equipment, the classification and sorting equipment is first moved, and the upper surface of the receiving hopper 4 is opposite to the discharge port of the crushing equipment for recycling used batteries, so that the crushed used battery particles can fall into the receiving hopper 4 of the classification and sorting equipment, and the used battery particles are input into the sorting mechanism 3 through the receiving hopper 4. The used battery particles are sorted by the sorting mechanism 3 to break up the used battery particles, and at the same time, when the used battery particles fall on the inclined conveyor belt 21, only a thin layer is spread out to avoid the used battery particles from stacking on the inclined conveyor belt 21. By setting the air selection mechanism 2, the inclined conveyor belt 21 drives the particles spread on the inclined conveyor belt 21 to move when it is working, so that the airflow blown out by the blowing component 22 blows up the light particles through the air selection vent 211, so that the blown light particles contact the lower surface of the inclined receiving plate 231, and then are blown out from the gap between two adjacent inclined receiving plates 231, and along the inclined receiving plate 231. The inclined surface of the upper surface of the receiving plate 231 slides downward and falls onto the receiving conveyor belt 24, so that the light particles enter the light material output pipe 12. At the same time, the heavy particles that are not blown up by the airflow are transported to the heavy material output pipe 11 by the inclined conveyor belt 21, so as to realize the sorting of light materials and heavy materials, so as to realize the classification and sorting of materials of different densities in the waste batteries. In addition, by setting the baffle 212, the sliding distance of the particles is limited to prevent the particles that fall on the inclined conveyor belt 21 from continuously rolling downward. Therefore, the airflow blown out by the blowing component passes through the air separation vent to sort the waste battery particles on the inclined conveyor belt, so that the light particles float up and fall onto the inclined receiving plate, and the waste battery particles can be repeatedly air-separated without airflow interference, so that the sorting accuracy is higher. By setting the sorting mechanism, the waste battery particles that fall on the inclined conveyor belt will not be stacked and agglomerated, thereby further improving the accuracy of classification and sorting.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] like Figure 3 - Figure 7 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment is that a left mounting plate 13 and a right mounting plate 14 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the shell 1, respectively, and the two ends of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21 are drivingly connected with inclined conveying rollers, and inclined conveying rotating rods 213 are fixedly installed on the inclined conveying rollers. The two inclined conveying rotating rods 213 are rotatably connected with the left mounting plate 13 and the right mounting plate 14 respectively, and an inclined conveying motor 214 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13. The driving end of the inclined conveying motor 214 is connected to one of the inclined conveying rollers. One end of the inclined conveying rotating rod 213 is fixedly connected, and the top of the receiving conveyor belt 24 is arranged above the inclined conveyor belt 21. The two ends of the inner side of the receiving conveyor belt 24 are drivingly connected with receiving conveyor rollers, and the receiving conveyor rotating shaft 241 is fixedly installed on the receiving conveyor rollers. The two ends of the receiving conveying rotating shaft 241 are respectively rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13 and the right mounting plate 14. One end of one of the receiving conveying rotating shafts 241 is connected to the driving end of the receiving conveying motor 242, and the receiving conveying motor 242 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13.

[0044] As can be seen from the above, since the two inclined conveying rollers are connected by the inclined conveying belt 21, and the inclined conveying rotating rod 213 is fixedly mounted on the inclined conveying roller, and the driving end of the inclined conveying motor 214 fixedly mounted on the left mounting plate 13 is connected to one of the inclined conveying rotating rods 213, the inclined conveying motor 214 can drive the inclined conveying belt 21 to rotate, thereby transporting the particles falling on the upper surface of the inclined conveying belt 21; similarly, since the two receiving conveying rollers are connected by the receiving conveying belt 24, and the receiving conveying rotating shaft 241 is fixedly mounted on the receiving conveying roller, and the driving end of the receiving conveying motor 242 fixedly mounted on the left mounting plate 13 is connected to one of the receiving conveying rotating shafts 241, the receiving conveying motor 242 can drive the receiving conveying belt 24 to rotate, thereby transporting the particles falling on the upper surface of the receiving conveying belt 24; in addition, the receiving conveying belt 24 and the inclined conveying belt 21 do not interfere with each other during operation, and the existence of the receiving conveying belt 24 will not affect the conveying work of the inclined conveying belt 21.

[0045] The air selection mechanism 2 also includes an air vent anti-blocking component 25, which includes a left long-haired cylinder brush 251, a middle long-haired cylinder brush 252, a right long-haired cylinder brush 253 and a cleaning drive motor 257. The left long-haired cylinder brush 251, the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253 are respectively arranged on the left, middle and right sides of the inclined conveyor belt 21. The left long-haired cylinder brush 251 and the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 are in contact with the upper surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253 is in contact with the lower surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21. A left mounting shaft 254, a middle mounting shaft 255 and a right mounting shaft 256 are fixedly mounted on the bristle barrel brush 253, respectively. Both ends of the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate 14. A cleaning drive motor 257 is fixedly mounted on one of the right mounting plates 14, and a driving end of the cleaning drive motor 257 is fixedly connected to one end of the left mounting shaft 254. The left mounting shaft 254 and the middle mounting shaft 255 are connected via a left middle transmission pulley 258, and the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are connected via a right middle transmission pulley 259.

[0046] As can be seen from the above, under the transmission action of the left middle transmission pulley 258 and the right middle transmission pulley 259, the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are simultaneously controlled by the cleaning drive motor 257 to realize the same direction rotation. Since the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are respectively fixedly mounted on the left long-haired cylinder brush 251, the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253, therefore, the left long-haired cylinder brush 251, the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253 can respectively contact one side of the interior of the inclined conveyor belt 21. Since the left long-haired cylinder brush 251, the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 are all It contacts the upper surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253 contacts the lower surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21, wherein the function of the left long-haired cylinder brush 251 and the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 is to allow the bristles to enter the air selection vent 211 during rotation, thereby cleaning out the particles blocked in the air selection vent 211 and avoiding the air selection vent 211 from being blocked, resulting in uneven airflow blowing the particles, thereby affecting the air selection effect; the function of the right long-haired cylinder brush 253 is to avoid heavy particles from being stuffed into the air selection vent 211 again during the transmission process after the air selection is completed, so that the heavy particles cannot smoothly enter the heavy material output pipe 11.

[0047] The blowing component 22 includes a blower 221 and an air outlet box 222. The blower 221 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the shell 1. The air outlet box 222 is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt 21, and both ends of the air outlet box 222 are fixedly connected to the right mounting plate 14. The upper surface of the air outlet box 222 is provided with air outlets distributed in a rectangular array. The blower 221 and the air outlet box 222 are connected by an air pipe. The air outlet box 222 is distributed between the left long-haired cylinder brush 251, the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253.

[0048] As can be seen from the above, the air flow output by the blower 221 flows through the air outlet box 222 to the air selection vent 211 on the upper surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21, thereby lifting the particles with lower density. Since the air outlet box 222 is distributed between the left long-haired cylinder brush 251, the middle long-haired cylinder brush 252 and the right long-haired cylinder brush 253, in the present application, the number of middle long-haired cylinder brushes 252 can be set to multiple, and the number of air outlet boxes 222 is always one more than the number of middle long-haired cylinder brushes 252, so that during the conveying process, the particles that are blown up and fail to fall onto the inclined receiving plate 231 fall into the air selection vent 211 to form a blockage, and the particles can be quickly cleaned out of the air selection vent 211, thereby improving the sorting effect.

[0049] Furthermore, the receiving component 23 also includes a receiving rotating rod 232, a slide plate 233, a rotating wheel 2310 and an eccentric shaft 2311. The lower surface of each inclined receiving plate 231 is fixedly installed with a receiving rotating rod 232. Both ends of the receiving rotating rod 232 are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate 14. One end of all the receiving rotating rods 232 is fixedly installed with a reciprocating rotating gear 234. There is a gap between adjacent reciprocating rotating gears 234. The top of the slide plate 233 is provided with a rack 235 that meshes with all the reciprocating rotating gears 234. Guide plates 236 are fixedly installed at both ends of the lower surface of the slide plate 233, and a gear 236 is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower surface of the slide plate 233. The transmission plate 237 and the two guide plates 236 are each provided with a parallel sliding hole 238, which is respectively slidably connected to the left mounting shaft 254 and the right mounting shaft 256, and the length direction of the parallel sliding hole 238 is parallel to the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. The transmission plate 237 is provided with a vertical sliding hole 239, and the length direction of the vertical sliding hole 239 is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. The center position of one side of the rotating wheel 2310 is fixedly connected to one end of the middle mounting shaft 255, and the eccentric shaft 2311 is fixedly installed at a position deviated from the center of the other side of the rotating wheel 2310, and the eccentric shaft 2311 is slidably sleeved inside the vertical sliding hole 239.

[0050] As can be seen from the above, since the receiving rotating rod 232 is rotatably mounted on the right mounting plate 14, the reciprocating rotating gear 234 fixedly mounted on the receiving rotating rod 232 can only rotate but cannot move. At the same time, since parallel sliding holes 238 are provided on the guide plates 236 fixedly mounted on both sides of the lower surface of the slide plate 233, and the two parallel sliding holes 238 are respectively slidably connected with the left mounting shaft 254 and the right mounting shaft 256, while the sliding direction is toward the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21, the vertical distance between the slide plate 233 and the inclined conveyor belt 21 does not change; during the rotation of the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256, the left mounting shaft 254 and the right mounting shaft 256 rotate in the parallel sliding holes 238, and will not drive the two guide plates 236, while when the middle mounting shaft 255 drives the eccentric shaft 2311 to rotate, the eccentric shaft 2311 can drive the transmission plate 237 to move under the limiting guiding action of the vertical sliding hole 239, and the transmission The plate 237 drives the slide plate 233 to slide back and forth along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. When the slide plate 233 slides, the rack 235 arranged on it can drive the reciprocating rotating gear 234 meshing with it to rotate, and the rack 235 will not separate from the reciprocating rotating gear 234. Therefore, the inclined receiving plate 231 fixedly installed on the receiving rotating rod 232 can rotate and swing at a small angle. The reciprocating sliding of the slide plate 233 drives each inclined receiving plate 231 to swing back and forth synchronously, thereby forming a certain vibration, so that the particles falling on the inclined receiving plate 231 are constantly jumping, and because the inclined receiving plate 231 is inclined, the inclination angle changes during swinging. Under the action of the airflow blown out by the air outlet box 222, the light particles are more likely to move downward along the inclined surface of the inclined receiving plate 231 when jumping. Therefore, the particles are more likely to slide off the inclined receiving plate 231, so that they can fall on the receiving conveyor belt 24, avoiding the accumulation of particles on the inclined receiving plate 231.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 - Fig.10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the sorting mechanism 3 includes a material receiving bin 31, a two-way auger 32 and a quantitative rotating drum 33, the material receiving bin 31 is fixedly installed between the left mounting plates 13, and the top, middle and bottom of the material receiving bin 31 are respectively provided with a material receiving groove 311, a circular groove 312 and a discharge port 313, the material receiving groove 311, the circular groove 312 and the discharge port 313 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the two-way auger 32 and the quantitative rotating drum 33 are respectively rotatably installed inside the material receiving groove 311 and the circular groove 312, and the outer wall of the quantitative rotating drum 33 is connected to the material receiving groove 311 and the circular groove 312. The inner wall of the circular groove 312 is tightly attached, and the outer wall surface of the quantitative rotating drum 33 is evenly provided with a material transport groove 331. The bidirectional auger 32 and the quantitative rotating drum 33 are respectively fixedly installed with an auger shaft 321 and a quantitative rotating shaft 332. The auger shaft 321 and the quantitative rotating shaft 332 both penetrate the side walls at both ends of the material receiving bin 31 and are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13. A material receiving motor 36 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13. The driving end of the material receiving motor 36 is fixedly connected to the quantitative rotating shaft 332. The auger shaft 321 and the quantitative rotating shaft 332 are connected through a material receiving pulley 37.

[0053] As can be seen from the above, the particles falling into the receiving bin 31 will enter the receiving trough 311, the circular trough 312 and the discharge port 313 in sequence. When the particles enter the receiving trough 311, the two-way auger 32 rotates to break up the sticky particles and at the same time has a certain dispersion effect to prevent the particles from accumulating in one place. The particles that want to enter the circular trough 312 can only fall into the material transport trough 331 opened on the quantitative rotating drum 33 to continue to flow downward. Due to the size limitation of the material transport trough 331, The material transport trough 331 can only transport a certain number of particles at most. Therefore, when each material transport trough 331 rotates to the lowermost end, it can only discharge a certain number of particles from the discharge port 313 at most, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the maximum transport volume. At the same time, when the interior of the material transport trough 331 is not filled, the particles move inside the material transport trough 331 as the quantitative rotating drum 33 rotates, which can also have a dispersion effect, and further make the particles discharged from the discharge port 313 piled into long strips on the horizontal conveyor belt 34.

[0054] The sorting mechanism 3 also includes a horizontal conveyor belt 34, which is arranged below the discharge port 313, and the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt 34 is arranged above the loading end of the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the two ends of the inner side of the horizontal conveyor belt 34 are transmission-connected with horizontal conveying rollers, and horizontal conveying rotating rods 341 are fixedly installed on the horizontal conveying rollers. The two horizontal conveying rotating rods 341 are both rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13, and a horizontal conveying motor 342 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13, and the driving end of the horizontal conveying motor 342 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the horizontal conveying rotating rods 341.

[0055] The sorting mechanism 3 also includes a limiting roller 35, which is rotatably arranged on one side of the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt 34, and the limiting roller 35 is close to the outer side of the horizontal conveyor belt 34. A limiting shaft 351 is fixedly installed on the limiting roller 35, and both ends of the limiting shaft 351 are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13. Transmission gears 38 are fixedly installed on the limiting shaft 351 and the adjacent horizontal conveying rotating rod 341, and the two transmission gears 38 are meshed with each other.

[0056] As can be seen from the above, by setting the horizontal conveyor belt 34, it is used to receive the particles discharged from the discharge port 313 and transport the particles to the inclined conveyor belt 21. In conjunction with the setting of the limiting roller 35, the particles discharged from the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt 34 must pass between the horizontal conveyor belt 34 and the limiting roller 35. Since the particles discharged from the discharge port 313 are piled up into long strips on the horizontal conveyor belt 34, when the height of the particles piled up into long strips on the horizontal conveyor belt 34 exceeds the interval between the horizontal conveyor belt 34 and the limiting roller 35, they will be blocked and squeezed, so that the number of particles falling on the inclined conveyor belt 21 at the same time is controlled, so that the particles falling on the inclined conveyor belt 21 will not be accumulated too thickly, and can cooperate with the material transport trough 331 opened on the quantitative rotating drum 33 and the baffle 212 set on the inclined conveyor belt 21, so that a layer of particles is laid flat between two adjacent baffles 212, thereby making the airflow blowing effect better and avoiding weight imbalance caused by the accumulation of particles.

[0057] The receiving hopper 4 is fixedly mounted to the housing 1 via a spring 41 , and a vibration motor 42 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the receiving hopper 4 . The material discharge port of the receiving hopper 4 extends to the top of the receiving trough 311 .

[0058] By providing the vibration motor 42, it is possible to prevent particles from accumulating inside the receiving hopper 4 and not flowing downwards. By providing the spring 41, it is possible to reduce the vibration transmitted to the shell 1, reduce the probability of damage to the shell 1, and extend the service life of the shell 1.

[0059] Embodiment 4

[0060] See also Figure 1 - Fig.10 The present invention also discloses a sorting method for recycling waste batteries, which uses the above-mentioned classification and sorting equipment.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A classification and sorting device, comprising a housing, a support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing, and a heavy material output pipe and a light material output pipe are installed inside the housing, characterized in that: The shell is provided with an air separation mechanism and a sorting mechanism, and a receiving hopper is provided on one side of the shell top. The sorting mechanism is used to receive the particles dropped from the receiving hopper and transport the particles to the air separation mechanism in a uniform and dispersed manner. The air separation mechanism comprises an inclined conveyor belt, a blowing component, a receiving component and a receiving conveyor belt. The inclined conveyor belt is used to receive the particles output by the sorting mechanism and transport the particles with different densities upward. The unloading end of the inclined conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the heavy material output pipe. The surface of the inclined conveyor belt is uniformly provided with air separation vents. The outer surface of the inclined conveyor belt is evenly provided with baffle bars, the blowing component discharges air upward, and its air outlet is arranged on the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, the receiving component is used to receive the light particles blown up and away from the inclined conveyor belt by the blowing component, and the receiving component includes an inclined receiving plate, the inclined receiving plate is installed above the inclined conveyor belt, and a plurality of the inclined receiving plates are arranged in a linear array along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt, the receiving conveyor belt is used to receive the light particles sliding off the inclined receiving plate, and the unloading end of the receiving conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the light material output pipe.

2. A classification and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A left mounting plate and a right mounting plate are respectively fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the shell, and the left mounting plate and the right mounting plate are used to install the inclined conveyor belt and the receiving conveyor belt.

3. A classification and sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air selection mechanism also includes an air vent anti-blocking component, and the air vent anti-blocking component includes a left long-hair barrel brush, a middle long-hair barrel brush, a right long-hair barrel brush and a cleaning drive motor, the left long-hair barrel brush, the middle long-hair barrel brush and the right long-hair barrel brush are respectively arranged on the left, middle and right sides inside the inclined conveyor belt, the left long-hair barrel brush and the middle long-hair barrel brush are both in contact with the upper surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, and the right long-hair barrel brush is in contact with the lower surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, the left long-hair barrel brush, the middle long-hair barrel brush and the right long-hair barrel brush are respectively fixedly installed with a left mounting shaft, a middle mounting shaft and a right mounting shaft, and both ends of the left mounting shaft, the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate, the cleaning drive motor is fixedly installed on one of the right mounting plates, and the driving end of the cleaning drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the left mounting shaft, the left mounting shaft and the middle mounting shaft are transmission-connected via a left middle transmission pulley, and the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are transmission-connected via a right middle transmission pulley.

4. A classification and sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blowing component includes a blower and an air outlet box, the blower is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the shell, the air outlet box is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt, and both ends of the air outlet box are fixedly connected to the right mounting plate, the upper surface of the air outlet box is provided with air outlets distributed in a rectangular array, the blower and the air outlet box are connected by an air pipe, and the air outlet box is distributed between the left long-hair cylinder brush, the middle long-hair cylinder brush and the right long-hair cylinder brush.

5. A classification and sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving component also includes a receiving rotating rod, a slide plate, a rotating wheel and an eccentric shaft, a receiving rotating rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of each of the inclined receiving plates, both ends of the receiving rotating rod are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate, one end of all the receiving rotating rods is fixedly installed with a reciprocating rotating gear, there is a gap between adjacent reciprocating rotating gears, the top of the slide plate is provided with a rack that meshes with all the reciprocating rotating gears for transmission, both ends of the lower surface of the slide plate are fixedly installed with a guide plate, and the middle part of the lower surface of the slide plate is fixedly installed with a transmission plate, two parallel sliding holes are provided in the two guide plates, the two parallel sliding holes are respectively slidably connected with the left mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft, and the length direction of the parallel sliding holes is parallel to the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt, a vertical sliding hole is provided in the transmission plate, and the length direction of the vertical sliding hole is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt, the center position of one side of the rotating wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the middle mounting shaft, the eccentric shaft is fixedly installed at a position deviating from the center of the other side of the rotating wheel, and the eccentric shaft is slidably sleeved inside the vertical sliding hole.

6. The classification and sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism includes a material receiving bin, a two-way auger and a quantitative rotating drum. The material receiving bin is fixedly installed between the left mounting plates, and a material receiving trough, a circular groove and a discharge port are respectively provided at the top, middle and bottom of the material receiving bin, and the material receiving trough, circular groove and discharge port are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The two-way auger and the quantitative rotating drum are respectively rotatably installed inside the material receiving trough and the circular groove, the outer wall of the quantitative rotating drum is tightly attached to the inner wall of the circular groove, and the outer wall surface of the quantitative rotating drum is evenly provided with material transport troughs, the two-way auger and the quantitative rotating drum are respectively fixedly installed with an auger shaft and a quantitative rotating shaft, the auger shaft and the quantitative rotating shaft both pass through the two end side walls of the material receiving bin and are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate, a material receiving motor is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate, the driving end of the material receiving motor is fixedly connected to the quantitative rotating shaft, and the auger shaft and the quantitative rotating shaft are connected through a material receiving pulley transmission.

7. A classification and sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism also includes a horizontal conveyor belt, which is arranged below the discharge port, and a discharge end of the horizontal conveyor belt is arranged above a feed end of the inclined conveyor belt, and the horizontal conveyor belt is installed on the left mounting plate.

8. A classification and sorting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism also includes a limiting roller, which is rotatably arranged on one side of the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt, and is close to the outer side of the horizontal conveyor belt. A limited shaft is fixedly installed on the limiting roller, and both ends of the limiting shaft are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate. Transmission gears are fixedly installed on the limiting shaft and the adjacent horizontal conveying rotating rod, and the two transmission gears are meshed with each other.

9. The classification and sorting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The receiving hopper is fixedly mounted on the shell through a spring, and a vibration motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the receiving hopper. The material discharge port of the receiving hopper extends to the top of the receiving trough.

10. A sorting method for recycling waste batteries, using a classification and sorting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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