Transparent material laser internal engraving device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and discloses a transparent material laser internal engraving device and method.The transparent material laser internal engraving device comprises a laser generator used for generating a laser beam capable of penetrating through a to-be-engraved material; the quarter-wave plate is arranged on the lower side of the laser generator, the first polarization beam splitter is arranged on the lower side of the quarter-wave plate, the quarter-wave plate is used for converting the linear polarization state of the laser beam into circularly polarized light, and the quarter-wave plate is matched with the first polarization beam splitter to equally divide the laser into a P polarization state and an S polarization state. All the points in each layer in the workpiece are divided into two types, the two types of points are distributed in a staggered mode in position, the two types of points are correspondingly engraved through two sets of scanning light paths respectively, the internal engraving work efficiency can be effectively improved, images formed after the two types of points are engraved are staggered, and the image quality is improved. The splicing traces of images in different areas in the existing technical scheme can be further weakened, and the overall image quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a transparent material laser inner engraving device and method. Background Art

[0002] Laser engraving is a high-tech process for fine engraving inside transparent materials such as glass. It focuses the laser beam on a specific position inside the material, causing the material to reach a high temperature instantly and cool rapidly, thereby forming a tiny burst point or melting zone. This process can achieve complex three-dimensional image engraving without damaging the surface of the material, and is widely used in art decorations, jewelry, high-end architectural decoration and other fields.

[0003] Existing laser internal engraving devices usually consist of a laser generator, a scanning galvanometer, an F-Theta lens, and a Z-axis translation stage. The engraving process involves converting a 3D image into point cloud data through point cloud conversion software, and the laser beam passes through the scanning galvanometer and lens in turn and focuses on the inside of the workpiece to be engraved. The design of the device allows the engraving process to be carried out at multiple levels, completing the internal engraving of the 3D pattern layer by layer.

[0004] Although the existing technical solutions have improved efficiency, they still have some shortcomings. For example, although the partition engraving method can engrave multiple areas simultaneously, each area uses a separate laser source and optical path, resulting in obvious image stitching marks, and there are deviations in the focusing characteristics of different areas, which can easily cause misalignment or differences in image point size; in addition, the structural complexity of the equipment makes it unsuitable for engraving small workpieces, and its large size also reduces its flexibility of use. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a transparent material laser inner engraving device and method, which solves the problems of low efficiency and obvious image splicing marks in the prior art laser inner engraving technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a transparent material laser engraving device, comprising:

[0007] A laser generator for generating a laser beam that can penetrate the material to be engraved;

[0008] A quarter wave plate and a polarization beam splitter 1, wherein the quarter wave plate is arranged at the lower side of the laser generator, and the polarization beam splitter 1 is arranged at the lower side of the quarter wave plate. The quarter wave plate is used to convert the linear polarization state of the laser beam into circular polarization light, and cooperates with the polarization beam splitter 1 to evenly split the laser into a P polarization state and an S polarization state;

[0009] A fixed reflector, a scanning galvanometer four and a scanning galvanometer three are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the polarization beam splitter one, wherein the fixed reflector is used to fold the S polarization state light beam to the -X axis direction, and the scanning galvanometer three and the scanning galvanometer four are used to control the scanning of the second light beam on the X and Y planes by adjusting the angle;

[0010] The outer side of the polarization beam splitter 1 is provided with a scanning galvanometer 1 and a scanning galvanometer 2 in sequence, wherein the scanning galvanometer 1 and the scanning galvanometer 2 are used to control the scanning of the first beam of light on the X and Y planes by adjusting the angle, and together with the aforementioned second beam of light, form a dual-channel laser engraving system;

[0011] An F-Theta lens is arranged at the lower side of the scanning galvanometer mirror 3. The F-Theta lens is used to focus the laser beam on a specific position inside the workpiece to be engraved to form a clear engraving pattern;

[0012] The Z-axis displacement platform is arranged at the lower side of the F-Theta lens, and is used to fix the workpiece to be engraved and realize its movement in the Z-axis direction so as to perform layer-by-layer engraving.

[0013] Preferably, a half-wave plate 1 is arranged between the polarization beam splitter 1 and the scanning galvanometer 1, and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser.

[0014] Preferably, a half-wave plate 2 is arranged between the polarization beam splitter 1 and the fixed reflector, and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser.

[0015] Preferably, two independent laser scanning optical paths share the laser generator and F-Theta lens. By sharing, the need for multiple sets of devices is reduced, the use of resources is optimized, and the focusing characteristics of the two optical paths are ensured to be consistent, which reduces the fluctuation of the focus position and size and improves the engraving quality.

[0016] Preferably, a polarization beam splitter 2 is provided on the upper side of the F-Theta lens, which cooperates with half-wave plate 1 and half-wave plate 2 to adjust the transmittance and reflectivity of the P polarization state and the S polarization state, so that the power density of the two beams of light after passing through the polarization beam splitter inside the workpiece to be engraved is equal, so as to ensure the consistency of the engraving effect. At the same time, the two laser beams can share the F-Theta lens.

[0017] Preferably, two sets of optical paths are provided in the device, which can enable two beams of light to perform plane scanning and engraving work independently at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of inner engraving, and the working areas of the two beams of light can be fully staggered, thereby reducing the splicing marks between the engraving areas of different optical paths.

[0018] Preferably, the Z-axis displacement platform is equipped with a precision control module to ensure accurate positioning of the focus of the light beam during the layer-by-layer engraving process, thereby ensuring the engraving quality.

[0019] Preferably, the precise control module comprises:

[0020] Stepper motor, used to achieve high-precision displacement control to ensure accurate movement of the workpiece to be engraved in the Z-axis direction;

[0021] Feedback sensor, used to monitor the position of the displacement platform in real time and feed the data back to the control system to ensure the accuracy of the focus position during the engraving process;

[0022] The controller is equipped with a closed-loop control algorithm that automatically adjusts the operation of the stepper motor based on sensor feedback to achieve high-precision positioning and a stable engraving process;

[0023] User interface allows operators to set and adjust engraving depth and speed to suit different materials and engraving requirements.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for using a transparent material laser engraving device, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Use dedicated point cloud conversion software to convert the 3D image to be engraved into a point cloud image and obtain the coordinate information of each point;

[0026] Divide the point cloud image into layers for layer-by-layer engraving;

[0027] According to the point cloud data, the points in each layer are divided into two categories. Each category of points constitutes an area. The positions of the two categories of points are staggered, and scanning mirrors 1 and 2 as well as scanning mirrors 3 and 4 are controlled respectively to perform plane scanning of the corresponding areas.

[0028] Preferably, the engraving process is performed layer by layer by means of a displacement platform in the Z-axis direction, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0029] After completing the engraving of the current layer, control the displacement platform in the Z-axis direction to move accurately to the next layer;

[0030] Continue to carve the next layer until all layers are completed, thus forming a complete three-dimensional image engraved workpiece.

[0031] The present invention provides a transparent material laser engraving device and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention realizes the sharing of laser generator and F-Theta lens by constructing two independent scanning optical paths, thereby greatly improving the engraving efficiency. This design effectively reduces the number of components, avoids the difference in focusing characteristics between multiple optical paths, improves the engraving quality, and reduces the splicing marks between images. At the same time, the compact structure of the device makes it more adaptable and can be used for smaller workpieces.

[0033] 2. The present invention divides each layer of points in the workpiece into two categories and distributes their positions in an alternating manner. The inner engraving method of the present invention effectively improves the image quality. This method combines the engraving of two sets of optical paths to further reduce the splicing marks of the images in each area, ensuring a more consistent engraving effect.

[0034] 3. The present invention reduces the complexity of components through the compactness of the overall structural setting, making the device easier to adjust and maintain, which not only improves the stability of the equipment, but also enhances the adaptability to different materials and workpieces, providing a better solution for diverse engraving needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a plan view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the classification of the focus points of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a system structure diagram of the precise control module of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, 1. Laser generator; 2. Quarter wave plate; 7. Fixed reflector; 8. F-Theta lens; 10. Z-axis displacement platform; 31. Polarization beam splitter 1; 32. Polarization beam splitter 2; 41. Half-wave plate 1; 42. Half-wave plate 2; 51. Scanning galvanometer 1; 52. Scanning galvanometer 2; 61. Scanning galvanometer 3; 62. Scanning galvanometer 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a transparent material laser engraving device, comprising:

[0041] The laser generator 1 is used to generate a laser beam that can penetrate the material to be engraved. The generated laser beam can produce an inner engraving effect on the workpiece after being focused. The laser generator 1 is a prior art and will not be described in detail in this article.

[0042] A quarter wave plate 2 and a polarization beam splitter 31, wherein the quarter wave plate 2 is arranged at the lower side of the laser generator 1, and the polarization beam splitter 31 is arranged at the lower side of the quarter wave plate 2. The quarter wave plate 2 is used to convert the linear polarization state of the laser beam into circular polarized light, and cooperates with the polarization beam splitter 31 to evenly divide the laser into a P polarization state and an S polarization state, wherein the P polarization state passes through the beam splitter, and the transmission direction of the S polarization state is folded after reflection. The separate processing of the P polarization state and the S polarization state helps to optimize the processing effect of the laser and realize a more sophisticated engraving process;

[0043] The bottom of the polarization beam splitter 31 is provided with a fixed reflector 7, a scanning galvanometer 4 62 and a scanning galvanometer 3 61 in sequence, wherein the fixed reflector 7 is used to fold the S polarization state light beam to the -X axis direction, and the scanning galvanometer 3 61 and the scanning galvanometer 4 62 are used to control the scanning of the second light beam on the X and Y planes by adjusting the angle;

[0044] The outer side of the polarization beam splitter 31 is provided with a scanning galvanometer 1 51 and a scanning galvanometer 2 52 in sequence, wherein the scanning galvanometer 1 51 and the scanning galvanometer 2 52 are used to control the scanning of the first beam of light on the X and Y planes by adjusting the angle, and together with the aforementioned second beam of light, form a dual-channel laser engraving system, thereby enhancing the controllability of the light beam, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the engraving process, and reducing the difficulty of operation;

[0045] An F-Theta lens 8 is disposed at the lower side of the scanning galvanometer mirror 3 61. The F-Theta lens 8 is used to focus the laser beam on a specific position inside the workpiece to be engraved to form a clear engraving pattern. By achieving high-quality laser focusing, the clarity and fineness of the engraving pattern are improved, and the aesthetics of the finished product is increased;

[0046] The Z-axis displacement platform 10 is arranged on the lower side of the F-Theta lens 8, and is used to fix the workpiece to be engraved and realize its movement in the Z-axis direction so as to perform layer-by-layer engraving. By using the Z-axis displacement platform 10, the accuracy of layer-by-layer engraving is improved, the consistency of engraving depth is ensured, and the quality of the overall finished product is improved.

[0047] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a half-wave plate 41 is provided between the polarization beam splitter 31 and the scanning galvanometer 51, which is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser. By optimizing the polarization direction, the power density of the two laser beams focused inside the workpiece to be engraved is equal, thereby improving the consistency of the engraving characteristics of the two light beams and optimizing the quality of the internal engraving image.

[0048] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a half-wave plate 42 is provided between the polarization beam splitter 31 and the fixed reflector 7, which is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser. By adjusting the polarization direction, the power density of the two laser beams focused inside the workpiece to be engraved is equal, thereby improving the consistency of the engraving characteristics of the two light beams and optimizing the quality of the internal engraving image.

[0049] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two independent laser scanning optical paths share the laser generator 1 and the F-Theta lens 8. By sharing, the demand for multiple sets of devices is reduced, the use of resources is optimized, and the focusing characteristics of the two optical paths are ensured to be consistent, which reduces the fluctuation of the focus position and size and improves the engraving quality.

[0050] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a polarization beam splitter 2 32 is provided on the upper side of the F-Theta lens 8, which cooperates with the half-wave plate 1 41 and the half-wave plate 2 42 to adjust the transmittance and reflectivity of the P polarization state and the S polarization state, so that the power density of the two beams of light passing through the polarization beam splitter 2 32 is equal inside the workpiece to be engraved, so as to ensure the consistency of the engraving effect. At the same time, the two laser beams can share the F-Theta lens 8.

[0051] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two sets of optical paths are provided in the device, which can realize two beams of light to perform plane scanning and engraving work independently at the same time, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of engraving work; through precise optical path design and layout, the focusing characteristics of the two beams of light are consistent, and the scanning action areas of the two beams of light can be fully staggered, which can further reduce the splicing marks of the images between the engraving areas corresponding to the two beams of light, and improve the overall image quality.

[0052] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Z-axis displacement platform 10 is configured with a precise control module to ensure the precise positioning of the focus of the light beam during the layer-by-layer engraving process to ensure the engraving quality. By being equipped with a precise control module, the Z-axis displacement platform 10 ensures high-precision positioning of the focus of the light beam. This high-precision control not only improves the quality of layer-by-layer engraving, but also reduces the defects caused by focus offset, thereby improving the overall quality and detail performance of the final product.

[0053] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the precise control module includes:

[0054] Stepper motors are used to achieve high-precision displacement control to ensure accurate movement of the workpiece to be engraved in the Z-axis direction. By using high-resolution stepper motors, the platform can achieve micron-level movement accuracy. The operation of the motor is driven by the control system command and can accurately adjust the Z-axis position according to the set step distance. This high-precision displacement control ensures that the laser focus can always remain at the ideal engraving depth;

[0055] Feedback sensor is used to monitor the position of the displacement platform in real time and feed the data back to the control system to ensure the accuracy of the focus position during the engraving process. The sensor can accurately capture the position of the platform and feed the data back to the control system in a timely manner. This feedback mechanism enables the system to understand the current focus position in real time, effectively avoiding engraving quality problems caused by displacement errors;

[0056] The controller is equipped with a closed-loop control algorithm that can automatically adjust the operation of the stepper motor according to the sensor feedback to achieve high-precision positioning and a stable engraving process. The controller uses a closed-loop control algorithm to automatically adjust the operation of the stepper motor according to the real-time data of the feedback sensor. This control method can correct the displacement error in real time to ensure the stability and accuracy of the engraving process;

[0057] The user interface allows operators to set and adjust the engraving depth and speed to suit different materials and engraving requirements. Through this interface, operators can easily set and adjust the engraving depth and speed to suit different materials and engraving requirements. The intuitiveness of the user interface improves control efficiency and reduces operation difficulty, allowing even beginners to quickly get started.

[0058] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 The present invention also provides a method for using a transparent material laser engraving device, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Use dedicated point cloud conversion software to convert the 3D image to be engraved into a point cloud image and obtain the coordinate information of each point;

[0060] Divide the point cloud image into layers for layer-by-layer engraving;

[0061] According to the point cloud data, the points of each layer are divided into two categories, each category of points constitutes an area, and the positions of the two categories of points are staggered, and the scanning galvanometer mirror 1 51 and the scanning galvanometer mirror 2 52 and the scanning galvanometer mirror 3 61 and the scanning galvanometer mirror 4 62 are controlled respectively to perform plane scanning of the corresponding area.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the engraving process is performed layer by layer by means of a Z-axis displacement platform 10, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0063] After the engraving of the current layer is completed, the displacement platform 10 in the Z-axis direction is controlled to move accurately to the next layer;

[0064] Continue to carve the next layer until all layers are completed, thus forming a complete three-dimensional image engraved workpiece.

[0065] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all points in each layer of the workpiece are divided into two categories, and the two categories of points are staggered in position. The two categories of points are respectively engraved by two sets of scanning light paths, and the images composed of the two categories of points after engraving are also staggered with each other, which can further reduce the splicing marks of images in different areas in the existing technical solution and improve the overall image quality.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A transparent material laser engraving device, characterized in that: include: A laser generator (1) for generating a laser beam that can penetrate the material to be engraved; A quarter wave plate (2) and a polarization beam splitter (31), wherein the quarter wave plate (2) is arranged on the lower side of the laser generator (1), and the polarization beam splitter (31) is arranged on the lower side of the quarter wave plate (2). The quarter wave plate (2) is used to convert the linear polarization state of the laser beam into circular polarization light, and cooperates with the polarization beam splitter (31) to evenly split the laser into a P polarization state and an S polarization state. A fixed reflector (7), a scanning galvanometer mirror 4 (62) and a scanning galvanometer mirror 3 (61) are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the polarization beam splitter 1 (31), wherein the fixed reflector (7) is used to fold the S polarization state light beam to the -X axis direction, and the scanning galvanometer mirror 3 (61) and the scanning galvanometer mirror 4 (62) are used to control the scanning of the second light beam on the X and Y planes by adjusting the angle; A scanning galvanometer mirror 1 (51) and a scanning galvanometer mirror 2 (52) are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the polarization beam splitter 1 (31), wherein the scanning galvanometer mirror 1 (51) and the scanning galvanometer mirror 2 (52) are used to control the scanning of the first beam of light on the X and Y planes by adjusting the angles, and together with the aforementioned second beam of light, form a dual-channel laser engraving system; An F-Theta lens (8) is arranged on the lower side of the scanning galvanometer mirror (61), and the F-Theta lens (8) is used to focus the laser beam on a specific position inside the workpiece to be engraved to form a clear engraving pattern; The Z-axis direction displacement platform (10) is arranged on the lower side of the F-Theta lens (8) and is used to fix the workpiece to be engraved and realize its movement in the Z-axis direction so as to perform layer-by-layer engraving.

2. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A half-wave plate (41) is arranged between the polarization beam splitter (31) and the scanning galvanometer (51) to adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser.

3. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second half-wave plate (42) is arranged between the first polarization beam splitter (31) and the fixed reflector (7) and is used to adjust the polarization direction of the incident laser.

4. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two independent laser scanning optical paths share a laser generator (1) and an F-Theta lens (8). By sharing, the need for multiple sets of devices is reduced, while also ensuring that the focusing characteristics of the two optical paths are consistent, reducing fluctuations in the focus position and size.

5. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second polarization beam splitter (32) is provided on the upper side of the F-Theta lens (8), and cooperates with the first half-wave plate (41) and the second half-wave plate (42) to adjust the transmittance and reflectance of the P polarization state and the S polarization state, so that the power density of the two beams of light passing through the polarization beam splitter inside the workpiece to be engraved is equal, so as to ensure the consistency of the engraving effect. At the same time, the two laser beams can share the F-Theta lens (8).

6. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device is equipped with two sets of optical paths, which can realize two beams of light to perform plane scanning and engraving work independently at the same time, and the working areas of the two beams of light can be fully staggered, thereby reducing the splicing marks between the engraving areas of different optical paths.

7. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis direction displacement platform (10) is equipped with a precise control module to ensure the precise positioning of the focus of the light beam during the layer-by-layer engraving process, thereby ensuring the engraving quality.

8. The transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Precision control modules include: Stepper motor, used to achieve high-precision displacement control to ensure accurate movement of the workpiece to be engraved in the Z-axis direction; Feedback sensor, used to monitor the position of the displacement platform in real time and feed the data back to the control system to ensure the accuracy of the focus position during the engraving process; The controller is equipped with a closed-loop control algorithm that automatically adjusts the operation of the stepper motor based on sensor feedback to achieve high-precision positioning and a stable engraving process; User interface allows operators to set and adjust engraving depth and speed to suit different materials and engraving requirements.

9. A method for using a transparent material laser engraving device, characterized in that: A transparent material laser engraving device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Use dedicated point cloud conversion software to convert the 3D image to be engraved into a point cloud image and obtain the coordinate information of each point; Divide the point cloud image into layers for layer-by-layer engraving; According to the point cloud data, the points of each layer are divided into two categories, each category of points constitutes an area, and the positions of the two categories of points are staggered. The scanning galvanometer mirror 1 (51) and the scanning galvanometer mirror 2 (52) as well as the scanning galvanometer mirror 3 (61) and the scanning galvanometer mirror 4 (62) are controlled respectively to perform plane scanning of the corresponding area.

10. A method for using a transparent material laser engraving device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The engraving process is realized layer by layer through the Z-axis displacement platform (10), and the specific steps are as follows: After the engraving of the current layer is completed, the displacement platform (10) in the Z-axis direction is controlled to move accurately to the next layer; Continue to carve the next layer until all layers are completed, thus forming a complete three-dimensional image engraved workpiece.

Images