Dividing wall plate and railway vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a dividing wall plate and a railway vehicle, and the dividing wall plate comprises a core layer; the core layer is foamed polypropylene; the reinforcing layers are respectively adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of the core layer; the reinforcing layer is made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg; a skin layer; a skin layer is adhered to the outer surface, deviating from the core layer, of each reinforcing layer; and the skin layer is a refractory plate. According to the dividing wall plate and the railway vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the core layer is made of the foamed polypropylene, so that the dividing wall plate has the advantages of better buffering and vibration absorption capability, better heat resistance and the like, is light in weight, is green and environment-friendly, and can be recycled; the reinforcing layer is made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg, so that the overall bending strength of the dividing wall plate can be improved; the skin layer is a fireproof plate and has good fireproof performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to rail vehicle interior decoration technology, and in particular to a partition board and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Partitions are installed in rail vehicles to cover the electrical control cabinets and other functional units in the vehicle, and also to store and install functional components such as fire extinguishers, trash bins, and large luggage racks. At present, the material composition of the partitions is: plywood transition is used at the arc position, and paper honeycomb or aluminum honeycomb material is used at the flat plate position. The paper honeycomb is a "sandwich" sandwich material composed of glass Nomex phenolic honeycomb and fiber resin prepreg.

[0003] Aluminum honeycomb core materials have a high density and high cost, while phenolic honeycombs are made of thermosetting phenolic resin foam and therefore do not meet the requirements of recyclability and recycling. In addition, aluminum honeycomb partitions and paper honeycomb partitions have the defect of insufficient nail holding force, and screws cannot be fastened directly on the partitions. They need to embed plywood, other reinforcing materials and other materials with higher density to improve the nail holding force, which not only complicates the process, but also increases the weight of the partitions and is relatively costly.

[0004] In addition, the partition mainly includes a core layer and a skin layer arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the core layer. The skin layer usually includes at least one of a flame retardant carbon fiber / epoxy prepreg layer and a flame retardant glass fiber / epoxy prepreg layer, which cannot meet the requirements of the partition for surface color and pattern, and cannot meet the requirements of the partition for surface resistance to slightly acidic and slightly alkaline cleaning agents. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve one of the above-mentioned technical defects, a partition plate and a rail vehicle are provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a partition board, comprising:

[0007] Core layer; the core layer is foamed polypropylene;

[0008] The reinforcing layers are bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the core layer respectively; the reinforcing layers are made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg;

[0009] Skin layer; the outer surface of each reinforcement layer facing away from the core layer is bonded with a skin layer; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board.

[0010] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a rail vehicle, comprising: the partition plate as described above.

[0011] The technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is that the partition panel includes: a core layer, a reinforcement layer and a skin layer, wherein the reinforcement layer is respectively bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the core layer; the outer surface of each reinforcement layer facing away from the core layer is bonded with a skin layer; the core layer is made of foamed polypropylene, which has the advantages of good buffering and vibration absorption capacity, good heat resistance, etc., and is light in weight, green and environmentally friendly, and can be recycled and reused; the reinforcement layer is made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg, which can improve the overall bending strength of the partition panel; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board, which has good fire resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an expansion screw sleeve in a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 3 A front view of an expansion screw sleeve in a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 4 A left view of an expansion screw sleeve in a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 5 A top view of an expansion screw sleeve in a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view of section AA;

[0019] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a spring stopper in a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application in a free state;

[0020] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a spring stop in a partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present application in a deformed state.

[0021] Reference numerals:

[0022] 1-core layer; 2-reinforcement layer; 3-skin layer; 41-screw body; 411-through hole; 412-slot; 413-connecting groove; 42-spring stop; 421-protrusion; 422-fixing part; 423-deformation part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] This embodiment provides a partition plate that can be used in rail vehicles as a partition for areas such as electrical cabinets and luggage storage areas.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the partition board provided in this embodiment includes: a core layer 1, a reinforcement layer 2 and a skin layer 3. There are two reinforcement layers 2, which are respectively bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the core layer 1. There are also two skin layers 3, and the outer surface of each reinforcement layer 2 facing away from the core layer 1 is bonded with a skin layer 3, that is, the upper surface of the upper reinforcement layer 2 is bonded with the skin layer 3, and the lower surface of the lower reinforcement layer 2 is bonded with the skin layer 3.

[0026] The core layer 1 is foamed polypropylene, which can adopt existing materials and has the advantages of good cushioning and vibration absorption capacity, good heat resistance, etc., and is light in weight, green and environmentally friendly, and can be recycled.

[0027] The reinforcing layer 2 is made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg, which can improve the bending strength of the partition board as a whole. The skin layer 3 is made of fire-resistant board, which has good fire resistance.

[0028] The technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the partition panel includes: a core layer, a reinforcement layer and a skin layer, wherein the reinforcement layer is respectively bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the core layer; the outer surface of each reinforcement layer facing away from the core layer is bonded with a skin layer; the core layer is made of foamed polypropylene, which has the advantages of good buffering and vibration absorption capacity, good heat resistance, etc., and is light in weight, green and environmentally friendly, and can be recycled and reused; the reinforcement layer is made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg, which can improve the overall bending strength of the partition panel; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board, which has good fire resistance.

[0029] The core layer 1, the reinforcement layer 2 and the skin layer 3 can be bonded together by a two-component epoxy resin adhesive.

[0030] On the basis of the above technical solution, the expansion screw sleeve also includes: an expansion screw sleeve for connecting the skin layer 3, the reinforcement layer 2 and the core layer 1, so as to further strengthen the connection between the three.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, this embodiment provides an implementation of an expansion screw sleeve: the expansion screw sleeve comprises: a screw sleeve body 41 and a spring stopper 42. Among them, the outer peripheral surface of the screw sleeve body 41 is provided with an external thread for screwing into the skin layer 3, the reinforcement layer 2 and the core layer 1, and the screw sleeve body 41 is provided with a receiving space for accommodating the spring stopper 42. The side wall of the screw sleeve body 41 is provided with a through hole 411, and the through hole 411 is connected to the receiving space. The spring stopper 42 is arranged in the screw sleeve body 41 and extends out from the through hole 411.

[0032] During the application process, after the core layer 1, the reinforcement layer 2 and the skin layer 3 are bonded to obtain the partition plate, the screw sleeve body 41 is screwed into the skin layer 3, the reinforcement layer 2 and the core layer 1 in sequence. Then the spring stopper 42 is inserted into the accommodating space of the screw sleeve body 41, and a part of the spring stopper 42 is extended outward from the through hole 411, so as to achieve the effect of limiting the expansion of the partition plate.

[0033] Further, the side wall of the screw sleeve body 41 is provided with two symmetrical through holes 411. Correspondingly, the two sides of the spring stopper 42 are symmetrically provided with protrusions 421, and the protrusions 421 extend from the through holes 411. The spring stopper 42 can be made of metal with a certain deformation ability, such as a metal strip or a metal sheet.

[0034] A specific implementation method: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the spring stopper 42 includes a fixed portion 422 and a deformable portion 423, and the deformable portion 423 is located at both ends of the fixed portion 422. When the spring stopper 42 is in a free state (such as Figure 7 ), the two deformable portions 423 are located away from each other and the angle between the deformable portion 423 and the fixing portion 422 is greater than or equal to 90°. The middle portion of the deformable portion 423 is bent outward to form a protruding portion 421.

[0035] Figure 8 It is shown that the spring stopper 42 is in a deformed state, the two deformed portions 423 are close to each other, and the angle between the deformed portion 423 and the fixed portion 422 is less than 90°.

[0036] One implementation is that the cross section of the spring stopper 42 is circular and can be formed by bending a circular metal strip. Figure 7 The inner wall of the screw sleeve body 41 is provided with a slot 412 for accommodating the spring stopper 42, and the through hole 411 is connected with the slot 412. The spring stopper 42 is inserted into the slot 412, and the slot 412 is used to limit the spring stopper 42 to avoid random movement.

[0037] Further, one end of the screw sleeve body 41 is provided with a connecting groove 413 for cooperating with an operating tool. The connecting groove 413 can be an inner triangular groove, a rectangular groove, an inner pentagonal groove, an inner hexagonal groove, an inner octagonal groove, etc. The accompanying drawings of this embodiment show a hexagonal groove, and the screw sleeve body 41 can be screwed into the partition plate using an inner hexagonal wrench.

[0038] The screw sleeve body 41 can be made of high-strength steel and has higher strength. Screw thread is set on the outer peripheral surface of the screw sleeve body 41, which is used to cooperate with the partition board thread to prevent from slipping out from the partition board. The inwall of the screw sleeve body 41 is also provided with internal thread, which is used to install the fastening screw, and equipment such as loudspeaker, lighting are fixed on the partition board by the fastening screw.

[0039] The installation process of the expansion screw sleeve is as follows: after the core layer 1, the reinforcement layer 2 and the skin layer 3 are bonded, the screw sleeve body 41 is screwed into the skin layer 3, the reinforcement layer 2 and the core layer 1 in sequence. Then the spring stopper 42 is deformed inwardly and inserted into the accommodating space of the screw sleeve body 41 and embedded in the slot 412. The rebound force of the spring stopper 42 causes the protrusion 421 to extend outward from the through hole 411 and embed into the core layer 1, so as to achieve the effect of limiting the expansion of the partition plate and make the connection between the core layer 1, the reinforcement layer 2 and the skin layer 3 more reliable.

[0040] The skin layer 3 may include at least one of base paper, kraft paper, and titanium powder paper, which is impregnated with a resin material. Specifically, the resin material may be melamine, phenolic resin, etc. The skin layer 3 is impregnated with a resin material and is made in a high temperature and high pressure environment. It is called a fire-resistant building material for surface devices, has rich surface colors and textures, and has a good fire-resistant effect.

[0041] The core layer 1 is made of foamed polypropylene, which is a highly crystalline polypropylene / CO2 thermoplastic composite material with excellent vibration resistance and energy absorption, a high recovery rate after deformation, good heat resistance, chemical resistance, oil resistance and thermal insulation, light weight, green and environmentally friendly, and recyclable.

[0042] The manufacturing process of the partition board is as follows:

[0043] First, check whether the surface of the reinforcement layer 2 and the skin layer 3 has scratches, cracks, damage, etc., and select the skin layer 3 with uniform surface color. Check whether the surface of the core layer 1 is flat and free of dirt, impurities, raw materials and other defects.

[0044] Then use a non-woven fabric dipped in isopropyl alcohol to wipe off dust and dirt on the surface of the core layer 1, the reinforcement layer 2 and the skin layer 3, so that the bonding surface is free of dust, oil stains and other pollution and remains clean and dry.

[0045] Then use an electric stirrer to stir the adhesive (two-component epoxy resin) evenly, and use a scraper to apply the adhesive to the surface of the reinforcement layer 2 to ensure that the amount of adhesive is even. Place the core layer 1 on the first reinforcement layer 2 coated with the adhesive, and place the second reinforcement layer 2 coated with the adhesive on the other surface of the core layer 1 to form a sandwich structure of reinforcement layer 2-core layer 1-reinforcement layer 2.

[0046] Next, use a scraper to apply the adhesive on the surface of the skin layer 3, ensuring a uniform amount of glue, and place the above-mentioned sandwich structure on the surface of the first skin layer 3 coated with adhesive, and place the second skin layer 3 coated with adhesive on the other surface of the sandwich structure to form a five-layer composite structure of skin layer 3-reinforcement layer 2-core layer 1-reinforcement layer 2-skin layer 3.

[0047] Clean the work surface of the hot press, ensure that there is no debris on the platform surface, set the pressure and temperature, place the above composite structure on the work surface of the hot press and start the curing process.

[0048] After curing, the finished product can be cut into partition panels of different shapes and sizes as needed to meet the interior design requirements of rail vehicles.

[0049] During the installation process, first drill a bottom hole on the partition board, and use an Allen wrench to screw the screw sleeve body 41 into the partition board so that the upper surface of the screw sleeve body 41 is flush with the upper surface of the partition board. Insert the spring stopper 42 along the slot 412 in the screw sleeve body 41. The elastic spring stopper 42 is deformed by force during the insertion process. When the protrusion 421 on the spring stopper 42 enters the through hole 411 on the screw sleeve body 41 and rebounds, the protrusion 421 is just stuck in the two through holes 411, and under the action of the rebound force, the protrusion 421 is inserted into the core layer 1 to prevent the expansion screw sleeve and the partition board from moving relative to each other, improve the nail holding force, and prevent the expansion screw sleeve from falling out. Then place the hinge or other hardware on the partition board and install it by tightening the screws.

[0050] The partition board in the above embodiment has the outstanding advantages of lighter weight, higher strength, acid and alkali resistance, wear resistance, good sound insulation effect, flame retardancy, green environmental protection, recyclability, and shortening the entire life cycle of rail vehicles. In addition, the above solution no longer uses the reinforcement structure of pre-embedded plywood, avoiding the problems of complex process and increased overall structure weight of pre-embedded plywood.

[0051] In addition, the skin layer 3 can meet the requirements of different colors and different patterns, and better meet the requirements of interior decoration.

[0052] On the basis of the above technical solution, this embodiment further provides a manufacturing process of a core layer, including:

[0053] Step 1: Mix 50%-80% of polypropylene, 20%-30% of flame retardant, 5%-10% of antioxidant, 1%-5% of powdered superconducting carbon nanotubes, and 1%-10% of nickel-plated calcium silicate in a weight ratio;

[0054] Step 2: Melting and plasticizing the mixed materials into granules through a twin-screw extruder;

[0055] Step 3, foaming the granular material to obtain foamed particles;

[0056] Step 4: pre-press and shape the foamed particles, and then dry them to obtain the core layer 1.

[0057] The above step 1 can be implemented as follows:

[0058] First, the granular superconducting carbon nanotubes are put into a grinder and ground into powder particles with a preset diameter, which may be about 30 nanometers.

[0059] Then, nickel sulfate, sodium hypophosphite and sodium citrate dihydrate are dissolved in distilled water, and the activated calcium silicate is put into the solution to prepare nickel-plated calcium silicate.

[0060] Then, the temperature of the mixer is preheated to about 120° C., and 50%-80% of polypropylene, 20%-30% of flame retardant, 5%-10% of antioxidant, 1%-5% of powdered superconducting carbon nanotubes, and 1%-10% of nickel-plated calcium silicate are placed in the mixer and stirred at high speed for about 30 minutes to make the mixture uniform. Conductive masterbatch can also be added during the process.

[0061] The above step 2 is specifically as follows: putting the mixed material in step 1 into a twin-screw extruder, so that the mixed material is fully dispersed and plasticized at a preset temperature, and the preset temperature may be about 190°C.

[0062] The mixed material is extruded through a die head by drawing, with a diameter of about 1mm. Then it is cut into particles of uniform length by a high-precision tool, with a particle length of about 1mm. Then the particles with too small length are filtered out by a vibrating screen to obtain high polymer polypropylene PP particles.

[0063] The above step 3 is specifically as follows: the granular material (i.e., PP particles) obtained in step 2 is placed in a reactor, the temperature in the reactor is controlled at about 140°C, carbon dioxide is introduced into the reactor, and foaming is performed under a preset pressure, and the pressure is instantly released into the atmosphere to obtain foamed particles. The preset pressure can be 4.5MPa, and the foaming ratio is 15 times.

[0064] The above step 4 is specifically as follows: the material foamed in the reaction kettle in step 3 is placed in a pre-pressing tank for pre-pressing, and is molded by high-pressure steam at a pressure of 4 MPa for a pre-pressing time of 12 hours. The pre-pressed material is then placed in a drying room for drying at a temperature of about 80° C. for 2 hours to obtain a dry core layer 1.

[0065] Nickel-plated calcium silicate can withstand high temperatures of 1540°C, can enhance the toughness of foamed products, improve tensile strength, and make the products less prone to aging; and nickel-plated calcium silicate itself is conductive, and when combined with conductive masterbatches and superconducting carbon nanotubes, it can form a material with better conductive properties, which plays a positive role in improving the vibration absorption of materials and broadening the working frequency band of vibration-absorbing materials.

[0066] In addition, carbon dioxide foaming is adopted without adding any foaming agent, thus avoiding the use of toxic foaming agents. Generally, foaming agents will weaken the flame retardant effect, so this embodiment is more environmentally friendly.

[0067] The core layer 1 obtained by the above scheme has a wider working frequency band, better toughness, is not easy to age during long-term work, and is easy to carry; it is non-toxic, harmless, flame retardant, does not add any heavy metals, and has better environmental protection performance; in addition, the above preparation method has a shorter cycle, reduces the material molding conditions, and reduces the manufacturing cost while improving production efficiency.

[0068] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0070] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0072] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A partition board, characterized in that: include: Core layer; The core layer is foamed polypropylene; The reinforcing layers are bonded to the upper surface and the lower surface of the core layer respectively; the reinforcing layers are made of composite fiber reinforced epoxy resin prepreg; Skin layer; the outer surface of each reinforcement layer facing away from the core layer is bonded with a skin layer; the skin layer is a fire-resistant board.

2. The partition plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Expansion screw sleeves used to connect the skin layer, reinforcement layer and core layer; The expansion screw sleeve comprises: a screw sleeve body and a spring stopper; the outer peripheral surface of the screw sleeve body is provided with an external thread for screwing into the skin layer, the reinforcement layer and the core layer; the screw sleeve body is provided with an accommodating space for accommodating the spring stopper; the side wall of the screw sleeve body is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected with the accommodating space; The spring stopper is arranged in the screw sleeve body and extends out from the through hole.

3. The partition board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the screw sleeve body is provided with two symmetrical through holes; the two sides of the spring stopper are symmetrically provided with protrusions, and the protrusions extend out of the through holes.

4. The partition board according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the screw sleeve body is provided with a connecting groove for cooperating with an operating tool.

5. The partition board according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting groove is a hexagonal groove.

6. The partition board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring stopper includes a fixed portion and a deformable portion, wherein the deformable portion is located at both ends of the fixed portion; when the spring stopper is in a free state, the two deformable portions are located away from each other and the angle between the deformable portion and the fixed portion is greater than or equal to 90°; the middle portion of the deformable portion is bent outward to form a protrusion.

7. The partition board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross section of the spring stopper is circular; the inner wall of the screw sleeve body is provided with a slot for accommodating the spring stopper, and the through hole is communicated with the slot.

8. The partition board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skin layer comprises: at least one of base paper, kraft paper and titanium powder paper, which is formed by impregnation with resin material.

9. The partition plate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The core layer is manufactured by the following process: Mixing 50%-80% of polypropylene, 20%-30% of flame retardant, 5%-10% of antioxidant, 1%-5% of powdered superconducting carbon nanotubes, and 1%-10% of nickel-plated calcium silicate in a weight ratio; The mixed materials are melted and plasticized into granules through a twin-screw extruder; foaming the granular material to obtain foamed particles; The foamed particles are pre-pressed and then dried to obtain a core layer.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: A partition board as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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