Anti-beam-falling device based on multi-stage energy consumption and using method of anti-beam-falling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption and a using method of the beam falling prevention device. A friction damper comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and an energy consumption part. The first connecting piece is fixedly arranged on one side of the bridge pier; the second connecting piece is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bridge superstructure; the two ends of the energy dissipation component are connected with the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece respectively. The energy dissipation component comprises a rigging and a damping component. The energy dissipation component is firmly fixed to the proper position of the bridge through the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, and meanwhile in the bridge vibration process, the energy dissipation component is firmly fixed to the proper position of the bridge. Through the rigging and the damping component, the purposes that the rigging is tensioned from a static state, the interior of the damping component rotates to play a rotating type friction damping role, and parts in the damping component enter a yield state to play a multi-stage energy dissipation damping role are achieved step by step, the overall length of the anti-beam-falling device is effectively shortened, and the anti-beam-falling effect is improved. Therefore, the problems of large installation space requirement and downwarping of the damper are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge shock absorption, and more specifically, relates to a beam-falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption and a method of using the device. Background Art

[0002] Earthquakes, with their destructive power, have become one of the most destructive forces in nature. They not only pose a huge threat to human life and safety, but also cause serious damage to the stability of property and infrastructure, becoming a stumbling block on the road to economic and social development. Among many infrastructures, bridge engineering is particularly important for its safety during earthquakes due to its key role in the transportation network. Once a bridge is damaged in an earthquake, it will not only affect rescue and material transportation, but may also paralyze the entire transportation network. Earthquake disasters in history have repeatedly proved that the phenomenon of beam falling on the superstructure of bridges is the most common and destructive problem in earthquakes. In order to avoid the recurrence of similar tragedies, it is particularly important to introduce anti-beam falling devices in bridge engineering. These devices can effectively absorb and dissipate earthquake energy, prevent the beam falling of the superstructure, and thus ensure the normal operation and safety of the bridge.

[0003] Among the many anti-falling beam devices, limit devices and damping limit devices are valued for their unique working mechanism. In particular, damping limit devices not only have strong energy dissipation capacity, but also do not require external energy supply, and have a clear working mechanism, so they are widely used in bridge seismic design. As a type of damping limit device, friction dampers stand out for their efficient energy dissipation capacity. According to the difference in structural form, friction dampers are mainly divided into linear and rotational types. The "linear" friction damper consists of a horizontal sliding plate, a friction plate and a pre-tightening bolt. When the structure is subjected to vibration caused by external dynamic loads, it dissipates energy through the action of friction, and has the advantages of easy installation and significant energy dissipation. The rotational friction damper consists of a rotating plate, a friction ring and a pre-tightening bolt. The friction force is provided by the annular friction ring to effectively hinder the relative movement of the two end points. Its advantages are high energy dissipation efficiency, small space occupation and easy maintenance.

[0004] However, in actual engineering applications, existing friction dampers have the following main problems: (1) Linear friction dampers often require a large installation space, and due to their own weight, longer dampers will produce a certain degree of deflection during the service stage, shortening the service life of the damper; (2) Rotational friction dampers are usually used in the field of building seismic resistance. The design rotation angle of their rotational friction joints is small and the application scenarios are limited; (3) The friction force of conventional friction dampers is constant and cannot meet the requirements of multi-stage defense of bridges; and the pre-tightening bolts of the friction damper may be loosened due to the action of wind and vehicle loads, causing the friction damper to fail. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a beam-dropping prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption and a method of using the same. The energy-consuming component is firmly fixed at a suitable position of the bridge by the first connecting member and the second connecting member. At the same time, during the vibration of the bridge, the rigging and the damping component gradually realize a multi-stage energy-consuming and shock-absorbing effect, including the rigging changing from static to tensioned, the internal rotation of the damping component to exert a rotational friction damping effect, and the components in the damping component entering a yield state. Therefore, while meeting the shock-absorbing and energy-consuming requirements of the bridge, the overall length of the beam-dropping prevention device is effectively shortened, thereby solving the problems of large installation space requirements and damper deflection. Secondly, the rotation angle of the rotational friction damper is effectively increased, that is, the damper stroke is increased, further increasing the use scenarios of the beam-dropping prevention device. In addition, the contactless ultrasonic axial force measuring bolt is used to achieve the purpose of real-time feedback on its working performance, which can provide a scientific basis for the maintenance of the friction damper.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides, on one hand, a beam-falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption, comprising: a first connecting member, a second connecting member and an energy-consuming component, wherein:

[0007] The first connecting member comprises: a first supporting plate and a U-shaped seat; the first supporting plate is fixedly connected to the bridge pier by fastening bolts; one end of the U-shaped seat is fixedly arranged on one side of the first supporting plate, and the other semicircular end is fixedly provided with a through hole;

[0008] The second connecting member comprises: a second supporting plate and a U-shaped plate; the second supporting plate is fixedly connected to the bridge superstructure by fastening bolts; one end of the U-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the first supporting plate, and the other semicircular end is fixedly provided with a through hole;

[0009] The energy-absorbing component comprises: a rigging and a damping component; one end of the rigging is connected to the second connecting member via a through hole fixedly provided on the U-shaped plate; one end of the damping component is connected to the first connecting member via a through hole fixedly provided on the U-shaped seat, and the other end is connected to the rigging, thereby realizing a multi-stage energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing effect, effectively shortening the overall length of the anti-falling beam device, and thereby solving the problem of large installation space requirements and downward deflection of the damper.

[0010] Furthermore, the damping component includes: a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a third connecting plate, a latch, a first connecting assembly and a second connecting assembly; the two first connecting plates, the second connecting plates and the four third connecting plates form a rhombus as a whole, and the four corners of the rhombus are connected by a first connecting assembly and three second connecting assemblies, which are used to stably form a rotational friction damper structure and ensure that the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate rotate relative to the third connecting plate respectively without translation; wherein, the two first connecting plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the U-shaped seat through the through holes on the U-shaped seat and the latch and remain parallel and in the same direction; the second connecting plate is arranged above the middle of the two first connecting plates, and one end thereof is connected to the second connecting piece through the rigging; the four third connecting plates are respectively arranged between the two first connecting plates and the second connecting plates; the latch passes through the two first connecting plates and the U-shaped seat arranged on both sides of the U-shaped seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the first connecting plate is a connecting plate with semicircular ends and a rectangular plate in the middle, and three through holes are fixedly provided thereon, wherein the through holes on both sides are respectively arranged at the centers of the two semicircular ends, and the middle through hole is close to the center of one semicircular end and is located on the line connecting the centers of the two semicircular ends. The second connecting plate has the same structure as the first connecting plate. At the same time, the second connecting plate is parallel to the first connecting plate and in the opposite direction to the first connecting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the third connecting plate is a connecting plate with semicircular ends and a rectangular plate in the middle; bolt holes are fixedly provided at the centers of the two semicircular ends of the third connecting plate, and the bolt holes include stepped bolt holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the first connecting assembly includes: a first friction ring and a first bolt; the two friction rings are respectively arranged between the second connecting plate and the two third connecting plates, and a through hole adapted to the first bolt is fixedly provided in the middle thereof; the first bolt is an internal angle bolt and a contactless ultrasonic axial force measurement bolt, which connects the second connecting plate, the two third connecting plates and the two friction rings.

[0014] Furthermore, the second connecting assembly includes: a gasket, a disc spring, a second friction ring and a second bolt; the gasket and the disc spring are tightly fitted and are respectively arranged on the outside of the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate; a plurality of second friction rings are respectively arranged between the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate, and between the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate, and a through hole adapted to the second bolt is fixedly provided in the middle thereof; the second bolt is a non-contact ultrasonic axial force measurement bolt, which respectively connects the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate, the third connecting plate and other components in the second connecting assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the rigging is the shortest length that enables the anti-falling beam device to meet the shock absorption requirements of the bridge.

[0016] Furthermore, the rigging includes a steel wire rope; both ends of the steel wire rope respectively pass through a through hole at one end of the second connecting plate and the through hole of the U-shaped plate, and are fixed by a plurality of steel wire rope clips; and,

[0017] The surfaces of both ends of the steel wire rope are provided with rubber material, and the second connecting plate and the U-shaped plate and the through hole in contact with the steel wire rope are all covered with rubber material.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for using a beam-falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption, which is implemented by using the beam-falling prevention device as described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: Check the structural stability of the first connecting member, the second connecting member and the energy-consuming component respectively to ensure that they can be used normally;

[0020] S2: fix the first connecting member and the second connecting member to appropriate positions of the pier and the bridge superstructure respectively, connect the first connecting member to the damping component, connect the second connecting member to the rigging, and connect the damping component to the rigging, thus completing the installation of the anti-falling beam device;

[0021] S3: When the bridge is in normal service, the rigging maintains a static equilibrium state; when the bridge and the pier are relatively displaced by an earthquake, the first connecting member and the second connecting member at both ends of the anti-falling beam device are relatively displaced accordingly, the rigging is pulled from the static equilibrium state to the tension state, the damping component rotates with the latch, and the third connecting plate rotates relative to the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate respectively;

[0022] S4: When the relative displacement between the bridge and the pier intensifies, the relative rotation between the third connecting plate and the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate further increases, and the relative displacement between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate further increases accordingly, until a plurality of the third connecting plates are in the same plane with the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate;

[0023] S5: When the energy-absorbing component is pulled to the limit state by the first connecting member and the second connecting member at both ends, that is, the third connecting plates are on the same plane as the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the energy-absorbing component is pulled and gradually enters the yield state, providing the limit anti-falling beam force;

[0024] S6: During the service period of the anti-beam-dropping device, the anti-beam-dropping device is monitored in real time by the first bolt and the second bolt to reduce the difficulty of maintenance.

[0025] Furthermore, in the steps S3 to S5, when the anti-falling beam device realizes the multi-stage energy consumption effect, the friction damping force generated in the damping component is calculated in the following manner:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, F is the friction damping force; M is the friction torque of a single connecting component; l1 is the distance between the two second connecting components on the first connecting plate; l2 is the distance from the hinge point of the second connecting component moment end in the middle of the first connecting plate or the second connecting plate; ɑ is the horizontal angle of the first connecting plate or the second connecting plate.

[0028] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0029] 1. The beam-dropping prevention device of the present invention securely fixes the energy-absorbing component at a suitable position of the bridge through the first connecting member and the second connecting member. Meanwhile, during the vibration of the bridge, the rigging and the damping component gradually realize a multi-stage energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing effect, including the rigging changing from static to tensioned, the internal rotation of the damping component to exert a rotational friction damping effect, and the components in the damping component entering a yield state. Thus, while meeting the shock-absorbing and energy-absorbing requirements of the bridge, the overall length of the beam-dropping prevention device is effectively shortened, thereby solving the problems of large installation space requirements and damper deflection.

[0030] 2. The anti-beam-dropping device of the present invention, by setting the first bolt as an inner angle bolt, and at the same time, the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are staggeredly distributed, so that different connecting plates do not interfere with each other when rotating, and the distance between the two second friction joint assemblies on the first connecting plate is greater than the length of the third connecting plate, so that when the damping component is subjected to external load, the third connecting plate can be completely rotated until the third connecting plates are in the same plane as the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, thereby effectively increasing the rotation angle of the rotational friction damper, that is, increasing the damper stroke, and further increasing the use scenarios of the anti-beam-dropping device.

[0031] 3. The anti-falling beam device of the present invention realizes the purpose of real-time feedback of its working performance through non-contact ultrasonic axial force measurement bolts, and can provide a scientific basis for the maintenance of the friction damper.

[0032] 4. The anti-falling beam device of the present invention, through the structure of multiple friction joints in parallel, greatly increases the damping force of the rotary friction damper without increasing the pre-tightening force of the bolts, thereby improving the energy consumption efficiency.

[0033] 5. The anti-falling beam device of the present invention connects the second connecting plate and the U-shaped plate through the steel wire rope and the steel wire rope, which further improves the load of the anti-falling beam device and is easy to install and disassemble, which is beneficial to later maintenance and inspection. At the same time, the steel wire rope is small in size and occupies less space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a beam-falling prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a top view of the beam-falling prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a damping component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first connection component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first stage of the anti-falling beam device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second stage of the beam-falling prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the third stage of the beam-falling prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9 A schematic flow chart of the steps of the method for using the anti-falling beam device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 This is a diagram showing the theoretical tensile performance of the anti-falling beam device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.11 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rigging of the embodiment of the present invention which is an iron chain.

[0045] In all the drawings, the same figure marks represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-first connecting member, 11-first support plate, 12-U-shaped seat, 2-second connecting member, 21-second support plate, 22-U-shaped plate, 3-rigging, 4-damping component, 41-first connecting plate, 42-second connecting plate, 43-third connecting plate, 44-pin, 45-first connecting assembly, 451-first friction ring, 452-first bolt, 46-second connecting assembly, 461-gasket, 462-disc spring, 463-second friction ring, 464-second bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam-dropping prevention device based on multi-stage energy dissipation, comprising: a first connecting member 1, a second connecting member 2 and an energy-absorbing component; the first connecting member 1 is fixedly arranged on one side of the bridge pier; the second connecting member 2 is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the bridge superstructure; the two ends of the energy-absorbing component are respectively connected to the first connecting member 1 and the second connecting member 2, and it comprises: a rigging 3 and a damping component 4; in actual engineering application, the energy-absorbing component is firmly fixed at a suitable position of the bridge by the first connecting member 1 and the second connecting member 2, and at the same time, during the vibration of the bridge, the rigging 3 and the damping component 4 are gradually used to realize a multi-stage energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing effect, including the rigging 3 from static to tension, the internal rotation of the damping component 4 to play a rotational friction damping effect, and the components in the damping component 4 entering a yield state, so as to effectively shorten the overall length of the beam-dropping prevention device while meeting the requirements of bridge shock absorption and energy dissipation, thereby solving the problems of large installation space requirements and damper deflection.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 8 ,and Fig.11 As shown, the first connecting member 1 is fixedly arranged on one side of the pier, and is used for stably connecting and supporting the energy-consuming component, and comprises: a first supporting plate 11 and a U-shaped seat 12 .

[0049] Preferably, the first connecting member 1 is mainly composed of stainless steel or rust-proof metal parts.

[0050] The first support plate 11 is fixedly connected to the bridge pier by fastening bolts to provide sufficient support.

[0051] One end of the U-shaped seat 12 is fixedly disposed on one side of the first supporting plate 11 , and the other semicircular end is fixedly provided with a through hole for stably connecting the energy-consuming component.

[0052] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 8 ,and Fig.11As shown, the second connecting member 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the bridge superstructure, and is used for stably connecting and supporting the energy-consuming component, and includes: a second supporting plate 21 and a U-shaped plate 22 .

[0053] Preferably, the second connecting member 2 is mainly composed of stainless steel or rust-proof metal parts.

[0054] The second support plate 21 is fixedly connected to the bridge superstructure by fastening bolts to provide sufficient support.

[0055] One end of the U-shaped plate 22 is fixed to one side of the first supporting plate 11 , and the other semicircular end is fixed with a through hole for stably connecting the energy-consuming component.

[0056] Specifically, Figures 1 to 8 , Fig.11 As shown, the two ends of the energy-absorbing component are respectively connected to the first connecting member 1 and the second connecting member 2 to achieve a multi-stage energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing effect, which includes: a rigging 3 and a damping component 4.

[0057] One end of the rigging 3 is connected to the second connecting member 2 through a through hole fixedly provided on the U-shaped plate 22;

[0058] Preferably, the length of the rigging 3 is the shortest length that enables the anti-falling beam device to meet the bridge shock absorption requirements, and is used to effectively shorten the overall length of the anti-falling beam device;

[0059] Preferably, the rigging 3 is mainly composed of stainless steel or rust-proof metal parts.

[0060] One end of the damping component 4 is connected to the first connecting member 1 through a through hole fixedly provided on the U-shaped seat 12, and the other end is connected to the rigging 3, and is used to cooperate with the rigging 3 to achieve the multi-stage energy dissipation and shock absorption effect of the anti-falling beam device, which includes: a first connecting plate 41, a second connecting plate 42, a third connecting plate 43, a latch 44, a first connecting assembly 45 and a second connecting assembly 46;

[0061] The two first connecting plates 41 are respectively disposed on both sides of the U-shaped seat 12 through the through holes on the U-shaped seat 12 and the latch pins 44 and are kept parallel and in the same direction;

[0062] Preferably, the first connecting plate 41 is a connecting plate with semicircular ends and a rectangular plate in the middle;

[0063] Preferably, three through holes are fixedly provided on the first connecting plate 41, wherein the through holes on both sides are respectively provided at the centers of the two semicircular ends, and the middle through hole is close to the center of one semicircular end and located on the line connecting the centers of the two semicircular ends, so as to ensure the stability of the first connecting plate 41 during operation and effectively improve the structural safety of the damping component 4;

[0064] Preferably, the middle through holes of the first connecting plates 41 respectively arranged on both sides of the U-shaped seat 12 are close to the U-shaped seat 12 .

[0065] The second connecting plate 42 is disposed above the middle of the two first connecting plates 41, and one end thereof is connected to the second connecting member 2 through the rigging 3;

[0066] Preferably, the rigging 3 includes components such as iron chains or steel wire ropes, and when the cable clamp 3 is mainly a steel wire rope, the two ends of the steel wire rope respectively pass through the through hole at one end of the second connecting plate 42 and the through hole of the U-shaped plate 22, and are fixed by a plurality of steel wire rope clamps, so that the steel wire rope is respectively connected to the second connecting plate 42 and the U-shaped plate 22, so as to further increase the load of the anti-falling beam device; at the same time, rubber material is provided on the surfaces of both ends of the steel wire rope, and the second connecting plate 42 and the U-shaped plate 22 are provided with rubber material in the through holes in contact with the steel wire rope, so as to avoid direct contact between metal parts and improve the durability of the device.

[0067] Preferably, the second connecting plate 42 has the same structure as the first connecting plate 41 . Meanwhile, the second connecting plate 42 is parallel to the first connecting plate 41 and in the opposite direction to the first connecting plate 41 .

[0068] The four third connecting plates 43 are respectively disposed between the two first connecting plates 41 and the second connecting plates 42, and are used to make the two first connecting plates 41 parallel to the second connecting plates 42;

[0069] Preferably, the third connecting plate 43 is a connecting plate with semicircular ends and a rectangular plate in the middle;

[0070] Preferably, bolt holes are fixedly provided at the centers of the two semicircular ends of the third connecting plate 43, and the bolt holes include stepped bolt holes for fitting internal angle bolts;

[0071] Preferably, the first connecting plate 41, the second connecting plate 42 and the third connecting plate 43 are mainly composed of stainless steel or rust-proof metal parts.

[0072] The latch pin 44 passes through the two first connecting plates 41 disposed on both sides of the U-shaped seat 12 and the U-shaped seat 12 to ensure that the two first connecting plates 41 only rotate relative to the first connecting member 1 without translation during operation.

[0073] Preferably, the two first connecting plates 41, the second connecting plates 42 and the four third connecting plates 43 form a rhombus as a whole, and the four corners of the rhombus are connected by one first connecting component 45 and three second connecting components 46, so as to stably form a rotational friction damper structure and ensure that the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 respectively rotate relative to the third connecting plate 43 without translation;

[0074] The first connecting assembly 45 is used to connect the second connecting plate 42 and the two third connecting plates 43, and includes: a first friction ring 451 and a first bolt 452;

[0075] The two friction rings 451 are respectively arranged between the second connecting plate 42 and the two third connecting plates 43, and a through hole adapted to the first bolt 452 is fixedly provided in the middle thereof;

[0076] The first bolt 452 connects the second connecting plate 42, the two third connecting plates 43 and the two friction rings 451 to ensure the stability of the diamond structure;

[0077] Preferably, the first bolt 452 is an internal angle bolt, and at the same time, the first connecting plate 41, the second connecting plate 42 and the third connecting plate 43 are staggered so that different connecting plates do not interfere with each other when rotating, and the distance between the two second connecting components 46 on the first connecting plate 41 is greater than the length of the third connecting plate 43, so that when the damping component 4 is subjected to external load, the third connecting plate 43 can be completely rotated until the four third connecting plates 43 are in the same plane as the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42, thereby effectively increasing the rotation angle of the rotational friction damper, that is, increasing the damper stroke, and further increasing the use scenarios of the anti-drop beam device.

[0078] The second connecting assembly 46 includes: a gasket 461, a disc spring 462, a second friction ring 463 and a second bolt 464;

[0079] The washer 461 and the disc spring 462 are tightly fitted and are respectively arranged on the outside of the first connecting plate 41 and the third connecting plate 43 to ensure that the pre-tightening force of the second bolt 464 can be evenly applied to the second friction ring 463;

[0080] A plurality of second friction rings 463 are respectively arranged between the first connecting plate 41 and the third connecting plate 43, and between the second connecting plate 42 and the third connecting plate 43, and a through hole adapted to the second bolt 464 is fixedly provided in the middle thereof;

[0081] The second bolts 464 are respectively connected to the first connecting plate 41, the second connecting plate 42, the third connecting plate 43 and other components in the second connecting assembly 46 to ensure the stability of the diamond structure;

[0082] Preferably, the first bolt 452 and the second bolt 464 are both contactless ultrasonic axial force measurement bolts, which are used to provide real-time feedback on their working performance and provide a scientific basis for the maintenance of the anti-falling beam device;

[0083] Preferably, the anti-falling beam device includes two friction joints, wherein the two third connecting plates 43, and one first connecting component 45 and one second connecting component 46 connected thereto constitute a friction joint, and the two third connecting plates 43, and two second connecting components 46 connected thereto constitute another friction joint.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the length of the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 can be increased, thereby increasing the number of the third connecting plate 43, the first connecting component 45 and the second connecting component 46, so as to effectively increase the friction damping force of the damping component 4 and increase the application scenarios of the anti-falling beam device.

[0085] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a beam-falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption, comprising the following steps:

[0086] S1: Check the structural stability of the first connecting member 1, the second connecting member 2 and the energy-consuming components respectively to ensure that they can be used normally;

[0087] S2: fix the first connecting member 1 and the second connecting member 2 to appropriate positions of the pier and the bridge superstructure respectively, connect the first connecting member 1 to the damping component 4, connect the second connecting member 2 to the rigging 3, and connect the damping component 4 to the rigging 3, thus completing the installation of the anti-falling beam device;

[0088] S3: When the bridge is in normal service, the rigging 3 maintains a static equilibrium state; when the bridge and the pier are relatively displaced by an earthquake, the first connecting member 1 and the second connecting member 2 at both ends of the anti-falling beam device are relatively displaced, and the rigging 3 is pulled from the static equilibrium state to the tension state, the damping component 4 rotates with the latch 44, and the third connecting plate 43 rotates relative to the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 respectively;

[0089] S4: When the relative displacement between the bridge and the pier intensifies, the relative rotation between the third connecting plate 43 and the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 further increases, and the relative displacement between the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 further increases, until a plurality of the third connecting plates 43 and the first connecting plates 41 and the second connecting plates 42 are in the same plane;

[0090] S5: When the energy-absorbing component is pulled to the limit state by the first connecting member 1 and the second connecting member 2 at both ends, that is, the third connecting plates 43 are on the same plane as the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42, the energy-absorbing component is pulled and gradually enters the yield state, providing the limit anti-falling beam force;

[0091] S6: During the service period of the anti-beam-dropping device, the anti-beam-dropping device is monitored in real time through the first bolt 452 and the second bolt 464 to reduce the difficulty of maintenance.

[0092] Preferably, in the steps S3 to S5, when the anti-falling beam device realizes the multi-stage energy consumption effect, the friction damping force generated in the damping component 4 is calculated in the following manner:

[0093]

[0094] Wherein, F is the friction damping force; M is the friction torque of a single connecting component; l1 is the distance between the two second connecting components 46 on the first connecting plate 41; l2 is the distance between the hinge point of the second connecting component 46 at the middle of the first connecting plate 41 or the second connecting plate 42; ɑ is the horizontal angle of the first connecting plate 41 or the second connecting plate 42;

[0095] Preferably, in step S4, as the relative distance between the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 increases, the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 approach horizontality, that is, the smaller sinɑ is, the greater the friction resistance force inside the damping component 4 is, thereby realizing the variable friction energy dissipation function of the second stage of the anti-falling beam device;

[0096] Preferably, the theoretical tension performance of the anti-falling beam device is as shown in the figure, wherein L1 is the displacement of the damping component 4 in the first working stage, that is, the displacement of the rigging 3 from the static equilibrium state to the taut state; L2 is the displacement of the damping component 4 in the second working stage, that is, the horizontal displacement caused by the rotation of the third connecting plate 43 with the first connecting plate 41 and the second connecting plate 42 respectively; L3 is the displacement of the damping component 4 in the third working stage, that is, the displacement of the metal part of the damping component 4 under tension into yield.

[0097] In an optional embodiment, the altitude of the through hole on the U-shaped seat 12 is lower than the altitude of the through hole on the U-shaped plate 22, so that during an earthquake, the anti-beam-falling device, bridge piers and bridge superstructure present a triangular structure, further enhancing the anti-beam-falling function.

[0098] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0099] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0100] In this patent, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "includes..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beam-falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption, characterized in that: include: A first connecting member (1), a second connecting member (2) and an energy-consuming component, wherein: The first connecting member (1) comprises: a first supporting plate (11) and a U-shaped seat (12); the first supporting plate (11) is fixedly connected to the bridge pier by means of fastening bolts; one end of the U-shaped seat (12) is fixedly arranged on one side of the first supporting plate (11), and the other semicircular end is fixedly provided with a through hole; The second connecting member (2) comprises: a second supporting plate (21) and a U-shaped plate (22); the second supporting plate (21) is fixedly connected to the bridge superstructure by fastening bolts; one end of the U-shaped plate (22) is fixedly arranged on one side of the first supporting plate (11), and the other semicircular end is fixedly provided with a through hole; The energy-absorbing component comprises: a rigging (3) and a damping component (4); one end of the rigging (3) is connected to the second connecting member (2) via a through hole fixedly provided on the U-shaped plate (22); one end of the damping component (4) is connected to the first connecting member (1) via a through hole fixedly provided on the U-shaped seat (12), and the other end is connected to the rigging (3), thereby realizing a multi-stage energy-absorbing and shock-absorbing effect, effectively shortening the overall length of the anti-falling beam device, and thereby solving the problem of large installation space requirements and damper deflection.

2. The anti-falling beam device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping component (4) comprises: a first connecting plate (41), a second connecting plate (42), a third connecting plate (43), a latch (44), a first connecting assembly (45) and a second connecting assembly (46); the two first connecting plates (41), the second connecting plates (42) and the four third connecting plates (43) form a rhombus as a whole, and the four corners of the rhombus are connected by one first connecting assembly (45) and three second connecting assemblies (46) to stably form a rotational friction damper structure and ensure that the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42) respectively rotate relative to the third connecting plate (43). , without translation; wherein the two first connecting plates (41) are respectively arranged on both sides of the U-shaped seat (12) through the through holes on the U-shaped seat (12) and the latch (44) and are kept parallel and in the same direction; the second connecting plate (42) is arranged above the middle of the two first connecting plates (41), and one end of the second connecting plate (42) is connected to the second connecting member (2) through the rigging (3); the four third connecting plates (43) are respectively arranged between the two first connecting plates (41) and the second connecting plates (42); the latch (44) passes through the two first connecting plates (41) and the U-shaped seat (12) arranged on both sides of the U-shaped seat (12).

3. The anti-falling beam device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting plate (41) is a connecting plate with semicircular ends and a rectangular plate in the middle, and three through holes are fixedly provided thereon, wherein the through holes on both sides are respectively arranged at the centers of the two semicircular ends, and the middle through hole is close to the center of one semicircular end and is located on the line connecting the centers of the two semicircular ends; the second connecting plate (42) has the same structure as the first connecting plate (41), and at the same time, the second connecting plate (42) is parallel to the first connecting plate (41) and in the opposite direction to the first connecting plate (41).

4. The anti-falling beam device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third connecting plate (43) is a connecting plate with semicircular ends and a rectangular plate in the middle; bolt holes are fixedly provided at the centers of the two semicircular ends of the third connecting plate (43), and the bolt holes include stepped bolt holes.

5. The beam-falling prevention device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting component (45) comprises: a first friction ring (451) and a first bolt (452); the two friction rings (451) are respectively arranged between the second connecting plate (42) and the two third connecting plates (43), and a through hole adapted to the first bolt (452) is fixedly provided in the middle thereof; the first bolt (452) is an internal angle bolt and a contactless ultrasonic axial force measurement bolt, which connects the second connecting plate (42), the two third connecting plates (43) and the two friction rings (451).

6. The beam-falling prevention device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second connecting component (46) includes: a gasket (461), a disc spring (462), a second friction ring (463) and a second bolt (464); the gasket (461) and the disc spring (462) are tightly fitted and are respectively arranged on the outside of the first connecting plate (41) and the third connecting plate (43); a plurality of second friction rings (463) are respectively arranged between the first connecting plate (41) and the third connecting plate (43), and between the second connecting plate (42) and the third connecting plate (43), and a through hole adapted to the second bolt (464) is fixedly provided in the middle thereof; the second bolt (464) is a non-contact ultrasonic axial force measuring bolt, which is respectively connected to the first connecting plate (41), the second connecting plate (42), the third connecting plate (43) and other components in the second connecting component (46).

7. The beam-falling prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The length of the rigging (3) is the shortest length that enables the anti-falling beam device to meet the bridge shock absorption requirements.

8. The beam-falling prevention device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The rigging (3) comprises a steel wire rope; both ends of the steel wire rope respectively pass through a through hole at one end of the second connecting plate (42) and a through hole of the U-shaped plate (22), and are fixed by a plurality of steel wire rope clamps; and, The surfaces of both ends of the steel wire rope are provided with rubber material, and the second connecting plate (42) and the through holes of the U-shaped plate (22) in contact with the steel wire rope (5) are all provided with rubber material.

9. A method for using a beam-falling prevention device based on multi-stage energy consumption, which is implemented by using the beam-falling prevention device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Check the structural stability of the first connecting member (1), the second connecting member (2) and the energy-consuming component respectively to ensure that they can be used normally; S2: respectively fixing the first connecting member (1) and the second connecting member (2) to appropriate positions of the bridge pier and the bridge superstructure, connecting the first connecting member (1) to the damping component (4), connecting the second connecting member (2) to the rigging (3), and connecting the damping component (4) to the rigging (3), thereby completing the installation of the anti-falling beam device; S3: When the bridge is in normal service, the rigging (3) maintains a static equilibrium state; when the bridge and the pier are relatively displaced by an earthquake, the first connecting member (1) and the second connecting member (2) at both ends of the anti-falling beam device also relatively displace, and the rigging (3) is pulled from the static equilibrium state to the tension state, the damping component (4) rotates with the latch (44), and the third connecting plate (43) rotates relative to the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42); S4: When the relative displacement between the bridge and the pier intensifies, the relative rotation between the third connecting plate (43) and the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42) further increases, and the relative displacement of the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42) further increases, until a plurality of the third connecting plates (43) are in the same plane with the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42); S5: When the energy-absorbing component is pulled to the limit state by the first connecting member (1) and the second connecting member (2) at both ends, that is, the third connecting plates (43) are on the same plane as the first connecting plate (41) and the second connecting plate (42), the energy-absorbing component is pulled and gradually enters a yield state, providing a limit anti-falling beam force; S6: During the service life of the anti-beam-falling device, the anti-beam-falling device is monitored in real time by the first bolt (452) and the second bolt (464), thereby reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

10. The beam-falling prevention device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the steps S3 to S5, when the anti-falling beam device realizes the multi-stage energy consumption effect, the friction damping force generated in the damping component (4) is calculated in the following manner: In the formula, F is the friction damping force; M is the friction torque of a single connecting component; l1 is the distance between the two second connecting components (46) on the first connecting plate (41); l2 is the distance from the hinge point of the second connecting component (46) at the middle of the first connecting plate (41) or the second connecting plate (42); ɑ is the horizontal angle of the first connecting plate (41) or the second connecting plate (42).

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