Breathing type green heat preservation and storage building block integrating heat preservation and structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a breathing type green heat preservation and storage building block integrating heat preservation and a structure, belongs to the technical field of masonry structure buildings, and particularly relates to a building block. The problems that an existing farm house outer wall in the severe cold area is insufficient in heat storage capacity and low in thermal inertia are solved. According to the building block disclosed by the invention, the thermal stability of a wall body is enhanced, the connecting performance between the building blocks is improved, and the building process of the wall body is simplified, so that the thermal performance and the structural performance of the wall body are improved; simple and convenient construction operation is matched, so that the wet workload of a masonry project is reduced; an airflow surrounding channel is formed in the building block while the structural layer is made of a phase-change material, so that the building block can absorb and store heat of circulating hot air in the building block when the air temperature is relatively high in the daytime in winter, and release the heat into a room when the external air temperature is reduced at night; the purposes of reducing house heating energy consumption and carbon emission and promoting the masonry structure farm house to develop in severe cold areas are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of masonry structure buildings, and in particular relates to a building block. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the vigorous promotion of rural revitalization, the rural population continues to increase, the number of newly built rural houses is increasing, and the construction area of ​​rural houses is expanding. According to statistics, as of 2020, the rural population has reached more than half of the urban population, accounting for about 36% of the national population. It is estimated that the construction area of ​​rural houses accounts for about 40% of the total construction area in the country, and the energy consumption and carbon emission levels of rural houses have reached about 25% of the national building energy consumption and carbon emission levels.

[0003] At present, in some rural areas, due to the constraints of economic and technical conditions, weak awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the lag in information flow, there are still a large number of farmhouses that cause considerable waste of resources and energy and carbon emissions every year. Especially in rural areas in severe cold areas, due to the harsh climatic conditions, a large amount of energy is consumed and carbon emissions are generated every year in heating alone. Moreover, as rural residents' requirements for quality of life continue to increase, the contradiction between energy conservation and emission reduction is becoming increasingly acute, making rural houses, which are already lagging behind cities in development, face more severe challenges. For residential buildings, the area of ​​the exterior wall can generally reach about 60% of the area of ​​the enclosure system, and the heat loss through the exterior wall in farmhouses generally accounts for about 40% of the total heat loss during the operation and maintenance stage of farmhouses. Therefore, effectively improving the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall of farmhouses is an important measure to improve the indoor comfort level of farmhouses in winter and reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions of farmhouses.

[0004] At present, some building structure systems commonly used in farmhouses in severe cold regions still have deficiencies in green and low-carbon performance. For example, the self-insulation performance of the brick-concrete system is far from meeting the insulation requirements of severe cold regions; the structural performance redundancy of the shear wall system when applied to low-rise residential buildings causes some waste of resources; the organic insulation materials widely used in rural exterior walls generally have low thermal storage performance and insufficient overall thermal inertia, and their ability to maintain a constant indoor temperature in the residential building only through the wall's own performance adjustment during the building operation and maintenance process is limited; the non-integrated design of the main structure and the enclosure structure during the construction process has all generated unnecessary resource consumption and carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of rural housing. Therefore, it is very necessary to propose a new type of masonry structure farmhouse block that is suitable for the climatic conditions in severe cold regions and has a certain "self-regulation" ability, and integrates insulation and structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of insufficient heat storage capacity and low thermal inertia of the existing external walls of farmhouses in severe cold regions, the present invention proposes a breathable green heat-insulating heat-storing building block with integrated insulation and structure, which enhances the thermal stability of the wall, improves the connection performance between the building blocks and simplifies the wall construction process, so that the thermal performance and structural performance of the wall are improved; vertical convex tenons and grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the building block structural layers such as the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer and the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer, convex blocks (13) and pits are arranged at the upper and lower ends, and steel strands (7) are arranged, so that the structure realizes simple horizontal and vertical connection of the building blocks, and is equipped with simple construction operations, thereby reducing the wet work volume of the masonry project; the structural layer uses phase-change materials and opens airflow surrounding channels in the building blocks, so that the building blocks can absorb and store the heat of the circulating hot air in the building blocks when the temperature is high during the day in winter, and release the heat to the room when the outside temperature drops at night, so as to achieve the goals of reducing the heating energy consumption and carbon emissions of the house and promoting the development of masonry structure farmhouses in severe cold regions.

[0006] The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage building block with integrated thermal insulation and structure of the present invention is composed of a middle building block, a top building block and a bottom building block; the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block are all composed of an outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), an inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), an inner thermal insulation layer (3) and an outer thermal insulation layer (4);

[0007] The inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with two rows of first dovetail tenons (6), and a plurality of first dovetail tenons (6) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of second dovetail tenons (10), and a plurality of second dovetail tenons (10) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of third dovetail tenons (11), and a plurality of third dovetail tenons (11) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip; the inner surface of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal first dovetail grooves (8), the outer surface of the inner insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal second dovetail grooves (9); the inner surface of the outer insulation layer (4) is provided with two horizontal third dovetail grooves (12); the widths of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and the outer insulation layer (4) are the same, the width of the inner insulation layer (3) is smaller than that of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), and the two sides of the inner insulation layer (3), the outer surface of the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and the inner surface of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1) constitute a joint casting cavity (39); a row of square protrusions (5) are respectively provided on both sides of the outer surface of the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and on both sides of the inner surface of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), and when the phase-change concrete is poured into the adjacent block joints, the square protrusions (5) can increase the connection strength between the blocks and the phase-change concrete;

[0008] In the middle building block: the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses, the upper end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses;

[0009] In the top building block: a row of first top horizontal through holes (16) and a row of first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged on the upper part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged below the first top horizontal through holes (16); a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower ends of the vertical channels (14) are open and arranged on the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); The first top ventilation hole (17) is a blind hole at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the mortar layer (2), and the open end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is arranged on the inner surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the upper part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second top horizontal through holes (20) and a row of second top ventilation holes (21) that are horizontally connected. The second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged below the second top horizontal through hole (20), a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the lower end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second top ventilation hole (21) is a blind hole, and the open end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged on the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the other end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the upper part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third top horizontal through hole (22) that is transversely connected; the upper part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth top horizontal through holes (18) that are transversely connected and a row of fourth top ventilation holes (19), and the fourth top ventilation holes (19) are arranged below the fourth top horizontal through holes (18);

[0010] In the bottom building block: a row of first bottom horizontal through holes (26) and a row of first bottom ventilation holes (27) are arranged at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first bottom horizontal through holes (26) are arranged below the first bottom ventilation holes (27); a plurality of protrusions (13) are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); and the upper ends of the vertical channels (14) are open. At the center of the convex block (13) on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is a blind hole, the open end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is arranged on the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second bottom horizontal through holes (28) which are horizontally connected. and a row of second bottom ventilation holes (29), the second bottom horizontal through holes (28) are arranged below the second bottom ventilation holes (29), the upper end surface of the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the upper end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the protrusion (13) on the upper end surface of the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second bottom ventilation holes (29) are blind holes, and the second bottom The open end of the ventilation hole (29) is arranged on the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), and the other end of the second bottom ventilation hole (29) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the lower part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third bottom horizontal through hole (30) and a third bottom ventilation hole (31) that are transversely connected; the lower part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth bottom horizontal through holes (34) that are transversely connected;

[0011] A first ventilation pipe (23) and a second ventilation pipe (24) are provided in the top building block. The first ventilation pipe (23) is provided in the first top horizontal through hole (16), the third top horizontal through hole (22), the second top horizontal through hole (20) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18); one end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the second top ventilation hole (21), and the other end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the fourth top ventilation hole (19);

[0012] A third ventilation pipe (32) and a fourth ventilation pipe (33) are provided in the bottom building block. The third ventilation pipe (32) is provided in the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the third bottom horizontal through hole (30), the second bottom horizontal through hole (28) and the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34). One end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) passes through the third bottom ventilation hole (31) and is provided in the first bottom ventilation hole (27) at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2). The other end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) is provided in the second bottom ventilation hole (29) of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1).

[0013] A fifth vertical ventilation pipe (35) is arranged on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) of the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block. The fifth ventilation pipe (35) is a multi-hole pipe. A sixth horizontal ventilation pipe (36) is arranged on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) of the bottom building block. The middle of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is connected to the lower end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35). One end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the first bottom ventilation hole (27), and the other end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the second bottom ventilation hole (29). A seventh horizontal ventilation pipe (37) is arranged on both sides of the top building block. One end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is connected to the upper end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35), and the other end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is arranged in the fourth top ventilation hole (19).

[0014] The middle blocks, top blocks and bottom blocks are used to build a block wall. In the block wall, a row of top blocks is arranged at the topmost end of the block wall, a row of bottom blocks is arranged at the bottommost end of the block wall, and a plurality of rows of middle blocks are arranged between the top blocks and the bottom blocks. Phase change concrete is poured in the joint pouring cavity (39). The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent bottom blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. A longitudinal steel bar (38) is arranged inside; the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the top block, the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the middle block and the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the bottom block on the same vertical straight line are connected; the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the middle block and the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the bottom block on the same vertical straight line are connected.

[0015] The method of using the breathing green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated thermal insulation and structure to form a block wall and using the block wall to store and exchange heat is carried out in the following steps:

[0016] In summer, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) are opened, the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32) are opened, and the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by using the pipe plug (25); according to the chimney effect principle, when the wind speed on the outdoor side of the top block is relatively high, the pressure at the outer port of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) decreases, and at this time, the indoor air pressure is greater than the outdoor air pressure. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor top hot air passes through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole ( 18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) flow into the outdoors. At this time, the indoor hot air flows out, causing the air pressure at the top of the room to decrease. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor hot air in the lower part flows toward the indoor top and flows into the outdoors through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23). At this time, the indoor hot air flows upward, causing the air pressure at the bottom of the room to decrease. The outdoor air pressure is greater than the air pressure at the bottom of the room. The outdoor cool air will flow into the room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), thereby realizing the circulation of indoor and outdoor air in summer;

[0017] During the daytime in winter, a sun room is arranged outside the block wall, and the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) are closed by using a pipe plug (25), and the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are opened. At this time, outdoor sunlight shines on the sun room, and the temperature of the gas in the sun room rises after being heated. The rising hot air increases the gas pressure at the top of the sun room. According to the principle of thermal pressure ventilation, the hot air in the sun room enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the second ventilation pipe (24), the vertical channel (14) in the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, and the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (34) of the middle block in sequence. The vertical passage (14) in the phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the vertical passage (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) in the bottom block, the fourth ventilation pipe (33), the first bottom ventilation hole (27), the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, and at the same time, the hot air in the sunroom enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the seventh ventilation pipe (37), the fifth ventilation pipe (35), the sixth ventilation pipe (36), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) in sequence. 7) The vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, so that the hot air can circulate in the blocks. The hot gas exchanges heat with the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39), and stores the heat in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39). After the hot gas enters the room, the air pressure in the upper space of the room increases, and the indoor cold air is directed to the The indoor bottom air flows, causing the indoor bottom air pressure to rise, and the indoor cold air flows into the outdoor sun room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), and rises again after being heated by the sunlight and circulates into the block wall; at night in winter, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18), the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by the pipe plug (25), and the heat stored in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39) is released to the room to increase the indoor temperature.

[0018] The principles and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The block wall composed of the breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated insulation and structure of the present invention is designed based on the thermal pressure ventilation principle and the thermal storage performance of the material. An airflow surrounds the phase change layer. It has the heat storage function while also having good thermal insulation and thermal inertia, and has certain structural stress-bearing performance. Compared with traditional thermal insulation blocks, the thermal insulation blocks of the present invention have higher thermal insulation performance while further improving the heat storage and thermal inertia of the blocks themselves, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall; the pre-buried steel strands improve the connection performance between blocks and simplify the construction process; the mortise and tenon structure opened in the mortar layer effectively improves the connection strength between the mortar layer (structural layer) and the insulation layer, reduces the construction workload during block laying, improves the deficiency of traditional masonry walls that have masonry mortar joints in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby causing heat loss, reduces the amount of wet work, and helps to achieve green construction; the innovation of the present invention is to set up a channel surrounded by air flow inside the block, and at the same time, use the characteristics of phase change materials to make the block have both thermal insulation, heat storage and thermal inertia, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall, and is equipped with a plug that can be removed at any time, so that the block wall has the ability to breathe, so as to improve its ability to adjust and adapt to different environmental conditions, reduce the winter heating energy consumption and summer cooling energy consumption of the house, and reduce carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance process. The heat-insulating building block of the present invention is of great significance for promoting the development of masonry structures in the field of rural housing and applying them to severe cold or cold areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the middle block;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top block;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An inner side view of the middle inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2);

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An inverted view of

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom block;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 An inner side view of the middle and outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layers (1);

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of overlapping circular rings at the ends of adjacent steel strands (7);

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the joint casting cavity (39). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific implementation modes.

[0029] Specific implementation method 1: In this implementation method, the breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage building block with integrated thermal insulation and structure is composed of a middle building block, a top building block and a bottom building block; the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block are all composed of an outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), an inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), an inner thermal insulation layer (3) and an outer thermal insulation layer (4);

[0030] The inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with two rows of first dovetail tenons (6), and a plurality of first dovetail tenons (6) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of second dovetail tenons (10), and a plurality of second dovetail tenons (10) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of third dovetail tenons (11), and a plurality of third dovetail tenons (11) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip; the inner surface of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal first dovetail tenons (11). The outer surface of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal second dovetail grooves (9); the inner surface of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with two horizontal third dovetail grooves (12); the widths of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) and the outer thermal insulation layer (4) are the same, the width of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is smaller than that of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), and the two sides of the inner thermal insulation layer (3), the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) and the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) form a joint casting cavity (39); a row of square protrusions (5) are respectively provided on both sides of the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) and on both sides of the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), and when the phase-change concrete is poured into the adjacent block joints, the square protrusions (5) can increase the connection strength between the blocks and the concrete;

[0031] In the middle building block: the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses, the upper end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses;

[0032] In the top building block: a row of first top horizontal through holes (16) and a row of first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged on the upper part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged below the first top horizontal through holes (16); a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower ends of the vertical channels (14) are open and arranged on the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); The first top ventilation hole (17) is a blind hole at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the mortar layer (2), and the open end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is arranged on the inner surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the upper part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second top horizontal through holes (20) and a row of second top ventilation holes (21) that are horizontally connected. The second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged below the second top horizontal through hole (20), a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the lower end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second top ventilation hole (21) is a blind hole, and the open end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged on the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the other end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the upper part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third top horizontal through hole (22) that is transversely connected; the upper part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth top horizontal through holes (18) that are transversely connected and a row of fourth top ventilation holes (19), and the fourth top ventilation holes (19) are arranged below the fourth top horizontal through holes (18);

[0033] In the bottom building block: a row of first bottom horizontal through holes (26) and a row of first bottom ventilation holes (27) are arranged at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first bottom horizontal through holes (26) are arranged below the first bottom ventilation holes (27); a plurality of protrusions (13) are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); and the upper ends of the vertical channels (14) are open. At the center of the convex block (13) on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is a blind hole, the open end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is arranged on the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second bottom horizontal through holes (28) which are horizontally connected. and a row of second bottom ventilation holes (29), the second bottom horizontal through holes (28) are arranged below the second bottom ventilation holes (29), the upper end surface of the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the upper end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the protrusion (13) on the upper end surface of the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second bottom ventilation holes (29) are blind holes, and the second bottom The open end of the ventilation hole (29) is arranged on the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), and the other end of the second bottom ventilation hole (29) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the lower part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third bottom horizontal through hole (30) and a third bottom ventilation hole (31) that are transversely connected; the lower part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth bottom horizontal through holes (34) that are transversely connected;

[0034] A first ventilation pipe (23) and a second ventilation pipe (24) are provided in the top building block. The first ventilation pipe (23) is provided in the first top horizontal through hole (16), the third top horizontal through hole (22), the second top horizontal through hole (20) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18); one end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the second top ventilation hole (21), and the other end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the fourth top ventilation hole (19);

[0035] A third ventilation pipe (32) and a fourth ventilation pipe (33) are provided in the bottom building block. The third ventilation pipe (32) is provided in the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the third bottom horizontal through hole (30), the second bottom horizontal through hole (28) and the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34). One end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) passes through the third bottom ventilation hole (31) and is provided in the first bottom ventilation hole (27) at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2). The other end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) is provided in the second bottom ventilation hole (29) of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1).

[0036] A fifth vertical ventilation pipe (35) is arranged on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) of the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block. The fifth ventilation pipe (35) is a multi-hole pipe. A sixth horizontal ventilation pipe (36) is arranged on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) of the bottom building block. The middle of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is connected to the lower end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35). One end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the first bottom ventilation hole (27), and the other end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the second bottom ventilation hole (29). A seventh horizontal ventilation pipe (37) is arranged on both sides of the top building block. One end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is connected to the upper end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35), and the other end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is arranged in the fourth top ventilation hole (19).

[0037] The middle blocks, top blocks and bottom blocks are used to build a block wall. In the block wall, a row of top blocks is arranged at the topmost end of the block wall, a row of bottom blocks is arranged at the bottommost end of the block wall, and a plurality of rows of middle blocks are arranged between the top blocks and the bottom blocks. Phase change concrete is poured in the joint pouring cavity (39). The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent bottom blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. A longitudinal steel bar (38) is arranged inside; the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the top block, the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the middle block and the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the bottom block on the same vertical straight line are connected; the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the middle block and the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the bottom block on the same vertical straight line are connected.

[0038] This embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The block wall composed of the breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated insulation and structure in this embodiment is designed based on the thermal pressure ventilation principle and the thermal storage performance of the material. An airflow surrounds the phase change layer. It has the heat storage function while also having good thermal insulation and thermal inertia, and has certain structural stress-bearing performance. Compared with traditional thermal insulation blocks, the thermal insulation blocks of this embodiment have higher thermal insulation performance while further improving the heat storage and thermal inertia of the blocks themselves, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall; the pre-buried steel strands improve the connection performance between blocks and simplify the construction process; the mortise and tenon structure opened in the mortar layer effectively improves the connection strength between the mortar layer (structural layer) and the insulation layer, reduces the construction workload during block laying, improves the shortcomings of traditional masonry walls that have masonry mortar joints in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby causing heat loss, reduces the amount of wet work, and helps achieve green construction; the innovation of this embodiment is to set up a channel for air flow inside the block, and at the same time, use the characteristics of phase change materials to make the block have both thermal insulation, heat storage, and thermal inertia, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall, and is equipped with a plug that can be removed at any time, so that the block wall has the ability to breathe, so as to improve its ability to adjust and adapt to different environmental conditions, reduce the house's winter heating energy consumption and summer cooling energy consumption, and reduce carbon emissions during operation and maintenance. The thermal insulation blocks of this embodiment are of great significance in promoting the development of masonry structures in the field of rural housing and applying them to severe cold or cold regions.

[0040] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 1 in that: the two ends of the steel strand (7) are circular rings, and the circular rings at the two ends are arranged outside the dovetail tenon strip. The steel strand (7) and the longitudinal steel bar (38) together provide the bending and torsional bearing capacity of the block wall. When the blocks are laid, the circular rings on the left and right sides are overlapped and the longitudinal steel bars are inserted, and then the phase change concrete is poured, so that the masonry wall is easy to lay, the wet work volume is reduced compared with the ordinary masonry wall, and at the same time, the working strength is good.

[0041] Specific implementation method three: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods one or two in that: the outer surface of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is sprayed with black paint.

[0042] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that: the first dovetail tenon (6) is arranged in the first dovetail groove (8), the second dovetail tenon (10) is arranged in the second dovetail groove (9), and the third dovetail tenon (11) is arranged in the third dovetail groove (12).

[0043] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that a retaining bar (15) is provided in each of the first dovetail groove (8), the second dovetail groove (9) and the third dovetail groove (12), and the retaining bar (15) is provided in the gap between adjacent first dovetail tenon fasteners (6), in the gap between adjacent second dovetail tenon fasteners (10), and in the gap between adjacent third dovetail tenon fasteners (11).

[0044] Specific implementation method six: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods one to five in that: the inner insulation layer (3) and the outer insulation layer (4) are extruded boards.

[0045] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 6 in that: a pipe plug (25) is provided on the inner side of the first bottom horizontal through hole (26); and a pipe plug (25) is provided on the outer side of the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34).

[0046] Specific embodiment eight: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments one to seven in that: a pipe plug (25) is provided on the outer side of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the outer side of the fourth top ventilation hole (19); a pipe plug (25) is provided on the inner side of the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the inner side of the first top ventilation hole (17).

[0047] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 8 in that a gasket is provided between vertically adjacent vertical channels (14). The gasket ensures good airtightness of the channels when the blocks are connected.

[0048] Specific implementation method 10: This implementation method uses a breathing green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure to form a block wall, and uses the block wall to store and exchange heat according to the following steps:

[0049] In summer, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) are opened, the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32) are opened, and the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by using the pipe plug (25); according to the chimney effect principle, when the wind speed on the outdoor side of the top block is relatively high, the pressure at the outer port of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) decreases, and at this time, the indoor air pressure is greater than the outdoor air pressure. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor top hot air passes through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole ( 18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) flow into the outdoors. At this time, the indoor hot air flows out, causing the air pressure at the top of the room to decrease. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor hot air in the lower part flows toward the indoor top and flows into the outdoors through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23). At this time, the indoor hot air flows upward, causing the air pressure at the bottom of the room to decrease. The outdoor air pressure is greater than the air pressure at the bottom of the room. The outdoor cool air will flow into the room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), thereby realizing the circulation of indoor and outdoor air in summer;

[0050] During the daytime in winter, a sun room is arranged outside the block wall, and the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) are closed by using a pipe plug (25), and the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are opened. At this time, outdoor sunlight shines on the sun room, and the temperature of the gas in the sun room rises after being heated. The rising hot air increases the gas pressure at the top of the sun room. According to the principle of thermal pressure ventilation, the hot air in the sun room enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the second ventilation pipe (24), the vertical channel (14) in the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, and the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (34) of the middle block in sequence. The vertical passage (14) in the phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the vertical passage (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) in the bottom block, the fourth ventilation pipe (33), the first bottom ventilation hole (27), the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, and at the same time, the hot air in the sunroom enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the seventh ventilation pipe (37), the fifth ventilation pipe (35), the sixth ventilation pipe (36), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) in sequence. 7) The vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, so that the hot air can circulate in the blocks. The hot gas exchanges heat with the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39), and stores the heat in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39). After the hot gas enters the room, the air pressure in the upper space of the room increases, and the indoor cold air is directed to the The indoor bottom air flows, causing the indoor bottom air pressure to rise, and the indoor cold air flows into the outdoor sun room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), and rises again after being heated by the sunlight and circulates into the block wall; at night in winter, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18), the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by the pipe plug (25), and the heat stored in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39) is released to the room to increase the indoor temperature.

[0051] The block wall composed of the breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated insulation and structure in this embodiment is designed based on the thermal pressure ventilation principle and the thermal storage performance of the material. An airflow surrounds the phase change layer. It has the heat storage function while also having good thermal insulation and thermal inertia, and has certain structural stress-bearing performance. Compared with traditional thermal insulation blocks, the thermal insulation blocks of this embodiment have higher thermal insulation performance while further improving the heat storage and thermal inertia of the blocks themselves, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall; the pre-buried steel strands improve the connection performance between blocks and simplify the construction process; the mortise and tenon structure opened in the mortar layer effectively improves the connection strength between the mortar layer (structural layer) and the insulation layer, reduces the construction workload during block laying, improves the shortcomings of traditional masonry walls that have masonry mortar joints in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby causing heat loss, reduces the amount of wet work, and helps achieve green construction; the innovation of this embodiment is to set up a channel for air flow inside the block, and at the same time, use the characteristics of phase change materials to make the block have both thermal insulation, heat storage, and thermal inertia, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall, and is equipped with a plug that can be removed at any time, so that the block wall has the ability to breathe, so as to improve its ability to adjust and adapt to different environmental conditions, reduce the house's winter heating energy consumption and summer cooling energy consumption, and reduce carbon emissions during operation and maintenance. The thermal insulation blocks of this embodiment are of great significance in promoting the development of masonry structures in the field of rural housing and applying them to severe cold or cold regions.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Combination Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment is described. The breathing green thermal insulation and heat storage building block with integrated thermal insulation and structure is composed of a middle building block, a top building block and a bottom building block; the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block are all composed of an outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), an inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), an inner thermal insulation layer (3) and an outer thermal insulation layer (4);

[0054] The inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with two rows of first dovetail tenons (6), and a plurality of first dovetail tenons (6) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of second dovetail tenons (10), and a plurality of second dovetail tenons (10) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of third dovetail tenons (11), and a plurality of third dovetail tenons (11) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip; the inner surface of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal first dovetail grooves (8), the outer surface of the inner insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal second dovetail grooves (9); the inner surface of the outer insulation layer (4) is provided with two horizontal third dovetail grooves (12); the widths of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and the outer insulation layer (4) are the same, the width of the inner insulation layer (3) is smaller than that of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), and the two sides of the inner insulation layer (3), the outer surface of the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and the inner surface of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1) constitute a joint casting cavity (39); a row of square protrusions (5) are respectively provided on both sides of the outer surface of the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and on both sides of the inner surface of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), and when the phase-change concrete is poured into the adjacent block joints, the square protrusions (5) can increase the connection strength between the blocks and the phase-change concrete;

[0055] The two ends of the steel strand (7) are circular rings, and the circular rings at the two ends are arranged on the outside of the dovetail tenon strip; the steel strand (7) and the longitudinal steel bars (38) together provide the bending and torsional bearing capacity of the block wall. When the blocks are laid, the circular rings on the left and right sides are overlapped and the longitudinal steel bars are inserted, and then the phase change concrete is poured, so that the masonry wall is easy to lay, the wet work volume is reduced compared with the ordinary masonry wall, and at the same time, the masonry wall has good working strength. The outer surface of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is sprayed with black paint; the first dovetail tenon (6) is arranged in the first dovetail groove (8), the second dovetail tenon (10) is arranged in the second dovetail groove (9), and the third dovetail tenon (11) is arranged in the third dovetail groove (12); the first dovetail groove (8), the second dovetail groove (9) and the third dovetail groove (12) are all provided with a stop bar (15), and the stop bar (15) is arranged in the gap between adjacent first dovetail tenons (6), the gap between adjacent second dovetail tenons (10), and the gap between adjacent third dovetail tenons (11); the inner thermal insulation layer (3) and the outer thermal insulation layer (4) are extruded boards;

[0056] In the middle building block: the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses, the upper end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses;

[0057] In the top building block: a row of first top horizontal through holes (16) and a row of first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged on the upper part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged below the first top horizontal through holes (16); a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower ends of the vertical channels (14) are open and arranged on the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); The first top ventilation hole (17) is a blind hole at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the mortar layer (2), and the open end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is arranged on the inner surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the upper part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second top horizontal through holes (20) and a row of second top ventilation holes (21) that are horizontally connected. The second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged below the second top horizontal through hole (20), a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the lower end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second top ventilation hole (21) is a blind hole, and the open end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged on the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the other end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the upper part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third top horizontal through hole (22) that is transversely connected; the upper part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth top horizontal through holes (18) that are transversely connected and a row of fourth top ventilation holes (19), and the fourth top ventilation holes (19) are arranged below the fourth top horizontal through holes (18);

[0058] In the bottom building block: a row of first bottom horizontal through holes (26) and a row of first bottom ventilation holes (27) are arranged at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first bottom horizontal through holes (26) are arranged below the first bottom ventilation holes (27); a plurality of protrusions (13) are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the upper ends of the vertical channels (14) are open and arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first bottom ventilation holes (27) are arranged below the first bottom ventilation holes (27); a plurality of protrusions (13) are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the upper ends of the vertical channels (14) are open and arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); (27) is a blind hole, the open end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is arranged on the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second bottom horizontal through holes (28) and a row of second bottom ventilation holes (29) which are transversely connected, the second bottom horizontal through holes (28) are arranged below the second bottom ventilation holes (29), and the upper end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of convex The outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the upper end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the convex block (13) on the upper end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second bottom ventilation hole (29) is a blind hole, the open end of the second bottom ventilation hole (29) is arranged on the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), and the other end of the second bottom ventilation hole (29) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the lower part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a transversely penetrating A third bottom horizontal through hole (30) and a third bottom ventilation hole (31) extending transversely therethrough are provided; a row of fourth bottom horizontal through holes (34) extending transversely therethrough are provided at the lower part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4); a pipe plug (25) is provided on the inner side of the first bottom horizontal through hole (26); a pipe plug (25) is provided on the outer side of the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34); a pipe plug (25) is provided on the outer side of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the outer side of the fourth top ventilation hole (19); a pipe plug (25) is provided on the inner side of the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the inner side of the first top ventilation hole (17);

[0059] A first ventilation pipe (23) and a second ventilation pipe (24) are provided in the top building block. The first ventilation pipe (23) is provided in the first top horizontal through hole (16), the third top horizontal through hole (22), the second top horizontal through hole (20) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18); one end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the second top ventilation hole (21), and the other end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the fourth top ventilation hole (19);

[0060] The bottom building block is provided with a third ventilation pipe (32) and a fourth ventilation pipe (33), wherein the third ventilation pipe (32) is arranged in the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the third bottom horizontal through hole (30), the second bottom horizontal through hole (28) and the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34); one end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) passes through the third bottom ventilation hole (31) and is arranged in the first bottom ventilation hole (27) at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) is arranged in the second bottom ventilation hole (29) of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); both sides of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) of the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block are provided with vertical ventilation pipes (32). A fifth ventilation pipe (35) is provided, the fifth ventilation pipe (35) is a porous pipe, and a sixth ventilation pipe (36) is provided on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) in the bottom building block, the middle part of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is connected to the lower end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35), one end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the first bottom ventilation hole (27), and the other end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the second bottom ventilation hole (29); a seventh ventilation pipe (37) is provided on both sides of the top building block, one end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is connected to the upper end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35), and the other end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is arranged in the fourth top ventilation hole (19);

[0061] The middle blocks, top blocks and bottom blocks are used to build a block wall. A row of top blocks in the block wall is arranged at the top of the block wall, a row of bottom blocks is arranged at the bottom of the block wall, and multiple rows of middle blocks are arranged between the top blocks and the bottom blocks; phase change concrete is poured in the joint casting cavity (39); the circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings; the circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings; the circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent bottom blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings; in the same vertical direction, The vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the top building block on the line, the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the middle building block and the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the bottom building block are connected; the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the top building block, the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the middle building block and the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the bottom building block on the same vertical straight line are connected; gaskets are arranged between vertically adjacent vertical channels (14); the gaskets ensure that the channels have good air tightness when the building blocks are connected.

[0062] The method of using the breathing green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated thermal insulation and structure to form a block wall and using the block wall to store and exchange heat is carried out in the following steps:

[0063] In summer, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) are opened, the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32) are opened, and the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by using the pipe plug (25); according to the chimney effect principle, when the wind speed on the outdoor side of the top block is relatively high, the pressure at the outer port of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) decreases, and at this time, the indoor air pressure is greater than the outdoor air pressure. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor top hot air passes through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole ( 18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) flow into the outdoors. At this time, the indoor hot air flows out, causing the air pressure at the top of the room to decrease. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor hot air in the lower part flows toward the indoor top and flows into the outdoors through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23). At this time, the indoor hot air flows upward, causing the air pressure at the bottom of the room to decrease. The outdoor air pressure is greater than the air pressure at the bottom of the room. The outdoor cool air will flow into the room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), thereby realizing the circulation of indoor and outdoor air in summer;

[0064] During the daytime in winter, a sun room is arranged outside the block wall, and the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) are closed by using a pipe plug (25), and the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are opened. At this time, outdoor sunlight shines on the sun room, and the temperature of the gas in the sun room rises after being heated. The rising hot air increases the gas pressure at the top of the sun room. According to the principle of thermal pressure ventilation, the hot air in the sun room enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the second ventilation pipe (24), the vertical channel (14) in the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, and the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (34) of the middle block in sequence. The vertical passage (14) in the phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the vertical passage (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) in the bottom block, the fourth ventilation pipe (33), the first bottom ventilation hole (27), the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, and at the same time, the hot air in the sunroom enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the seventh ventilation pipe (37), the fifth ventilation pipe (35), the sixth ventilation pipe (36), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) in sequence. 7) The vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, so that the hot air can circulate in the blocks. The hot gas exchanges heat with the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39), and stores the heat in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39). After the hot gas enters the room, the air pressure in the upper space of the room increases, and the indoor cold air is directed to the The indoor bottom air flows, causing the indoor bottom air pressure to rise, and the indoor cold air flows into the outdoor sun room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), and rises again after being heated by the sunlight and circulates into the block wall; at night in winter, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18), the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by the pipe plug (25), and the heat stored in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39) is released to the room to increase the indoor temperature.

[0065] The block wall composed of the breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated insulation and structure in this embodiment is designed based on the thermal pressure ventilation principle and the thermal storage performance of the material. An airflow surrounds the phase change layer. It has the heat storage function while also having good thermal insulation and thermal inertia, and has certain structural stress-bearing performance. Compared with traditional thermal insulation blocks, the thermal insulation blocks of this embodiment have higher thermal insulation performance while further improving the heat storage and thermal inertia of the blocks themselves, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall; the pre-buried steel strands improve the connection performance between blocks and simplify the construction process; the mortise and tenon structure opened in the mortar layer effectively improves the connection strength between the mortar layer (structural layer) and the insulation layer, reduces the construction workload during block laying, improves the shortcomings of traditional masonry walls that have masonry mortar joints in both the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby causing heat loss, reduces the amount of wet work, and helps achieve green construction; the innovation of this embodiment is to set up a channel for air flow inside the block, and at the same time, use the characteristics of phase change materials to make the block have both thermal insulation, heat storage, and thermal inertia, thereby improving the thermal stability of the wall, and is equipped with a plug that can be removed at any time, so that the block wall has the ability to breathe, so as to improve its ability to adjust and adapt to different environmental conditions, reduce the winter heating energy consumption and summer cooling energy consumption of the house, and reduce carbon emissions during the operation and maintenance process. The thermal insulation building block of this embodiment is of great significance in promoting the development of masonry structures in the field of rural housing and applying them to severe cold or cold areas.

Claims

1. A breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure, characterized in that: The breathing green thermal insulation and heat storage building block with integrated thermal insulation and structure is composed of a middle building block, a top building block and a bottom building block; the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block are all composed of an outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), an inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), an inner thermal insulation layer (3) and an outer thermal insulation layer (4); The inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with two rows of first dovetail tenons (6), and a plurality of first dovetail tenons (6) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with vertical convex tenons and grooves on both sides, and the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of second dovetail tenons (10), and a plurality of second dovetail tenons (10) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip, and a steel strand (7) is provided in the dovetail tenon strip; the outer surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with two rows of third dovetail tenons (11), and a plurality of third dovetail tenons (11) in each row form a dovetail tenon strip; the inner surface of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal first dovetail grooves (8), the outer surface of the inner insulation layer (3) is provided with two horizontal second dovetail grooves (9); the inner surface of the outer insulation layer (4) is provided with two horizontal third dovetail grooves (12); the widths of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and the outer insulation layer (4) are the same, the width of the inner insulation layer (3) is smaller than that of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), and the two sides of the inner insulation layer (3), the outer surface of the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and the inner surface of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1) constitute a joint casting cavity (39); a row of square protrusions (5) are respectively provided on both sides of the outer surface of the inner phase-change insulation mortar layer (2) and on both sides of the inner surface of the outer phase-change insulation mortar layer (1), and when the phase-change concrete is poured into the adjacent block joints, the square protrusions (5) can increase the connection strength between the blocks and the phase-change concrete; In the middle building block: the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses, the upper end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of recesses symmetrical to the protrusions (13), the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical channels (14), the two ends of the channels (14) are respectively arranged at the center of the protrusions (13) and the center of the recesses; In the top building block: a row of first top horizontal through holes (16) and a row of first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged on the upper part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first top ventilation holes (17) are arranged below the first top horizontal through holes (16); a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower ends of the vertical channels (14) are open and arranged on the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); The first top ventilation hole (17) is a blind hole at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the mortar layer (2), and the open end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is arranged on the inner surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first top ventilation hole (17) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the upper part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second top horizontal through holes (20) and a row of second top ventilation holes (21) that are horizontally connected. The second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged below the second top horizontal through hole (20), a plurality of pits are arranged on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the lower end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the pit on the lower end surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second top ventilation hole (21) is a blind hole, and the open end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is arranged on the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the other end of the second top ventilation hole (21) is connected to the upper end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the upper part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third top horizontal through hole (22) that is transversely connected; the upper part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth top horizontal through holes (18) that are transversely connected and a row of fourth top ventilation holes (19), and the fourth top ventilation holes (19) are arranged below the fourth top horizontal through holes (18); In the bottom building block: a row of first bottom horizontal through holes (26) and a row of first bottom ventilation holes (27) are arranged at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the first bottom horizontal through holes (26) are arranged below the first bottom ventilation holes (27); a plurality of protrusions (13) are arranged on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); and the upper ends of the vertical channels (14) are open. At the center of the convex block (13) on the upper end surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is a blind hole, the open end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is arranged on the outer surface of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the other end of the first bottom ventilation hole (27) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2); the lower part of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a row of second bottom horizontal through holes (28) which are horizontally connected. and a row of second bottom ventilation holes (29), the second bottom horizontal through holes (28) are arranged below the second bottom ventilation holes (29), the upper end surface of the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (13), a plurality of vertical channels (14) are arranged in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the upper end of the vertical channel (14) is open and arranged at the center of the protrusion (13) on the upper end surface of the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the second bottom ventilation holes (29) are blind holes, and the second bottom The open end of the ventilation hole (29) is arranged on the inner surface of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), and the other end of the second bottom ventilation hole (29) is connected to the lower end of the vertical channel (14) arranged inside the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1); the lower part of the inner thermal insulation layer (3) is provided with a third bottom horizontal through hole (30) and a third bottom ventilation hole (31) that are transversely connected; the lower part of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is provided with a row of fourth bottom horizontal through holes (34) that are transversely connected; A first ventilation pipe (23) and a second ventilation pipe (24) are provided in the top building block. The first ventilation pipe (23) is provided in the first top horizontal through hole (16), the third top horizontal through hole (22), the second top horizontal through hole (20) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18); one end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the second top ventilation hole (21), and the other end of the second ventilation pipe (24) is provided in the fourth top ventilation hole (19); A third ventilation pipe (32) and a fourth ventilation pipe (33) are provided in the bottom building block. The third ventilation pipe (32) is provided in the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the third bottom horizontal through hole (30), the second bottom horizontal through hole (28) and the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34). One end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) passes through the third bottom ventilation hole (31) and is provided in the first bottom ventilation hole (27) at the lower part of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2). The other end of the fourth ventilation pipe (33) is provided in the second bottom ventilation hole (29) of the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1). A fifth vertical ventilation pipe (35) is arranged on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) of the middle building block, the top building block and the bottom building block. The fifth ventilation pipe (35) is a multi-hole pipe. A sixth horizontal ventilation pipe (36) is arranged on both sides of the inner insulation layer (3) of the bottom building block. The middle of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is connected to the lower end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35). One end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the first bottom ventilation hole (27), and the other end of the sixth ventilation pipe (36) is arranged in the second bottom ventilation hole (29). A seventh horizontal ventilation pipe (37) is arranged on both sides of the top building block. One end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is connected to the upper end of the fifth ventilation pipe (35), and the other end of the seventh ventilation pipe (37) is arranged in the fourth top ventilation hole (19). The middle blocks, top blocks and bottom blocks are used to build a block wall. In the block wall, a row of top blocks is arranged at the topmost end of the block wall, a row of bottom blocks is arranged at the bottommost end of the block wall, and a plurality of rows of middle blocks are arranged between the top blocks and the bottom blocks. Phase change concrete is poured in the joint pouring cavity (39). The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent top blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. The circular rings at the ends of the steel strands (7) in adjacent bottom blocks overlap and longitudinal steel bars (38) are arranged in the circular rings. A longitudinal steel bar (38) is arranged inside; the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the top block, the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the middle block and the vertical channel (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) of the bottom block on the same vertical straight line are connected; the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the middle block and the vertical channel (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) of the bottom block on the same vertical straight line are connected.

2. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The two ends of the steel strand (7) are circular rings, and the circular rings at the two ends are arranged outside the dovetail-shaped tenon strip.

3. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer surface of the outer thermal insulation layer (4) is sprayed with black paint.

4. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first dovetail tenon (6) is arranged in the first dovetail groove (8), the second dovetail tenon (10) is arranged in the second dovetail groove (9), and the third dovetail tenon (11) is arranged in the third dovetail groove (12).

5. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first dovetail groove (8), the second dovetail groove (9) and the third dovetail groove (12) are all provided with blocking bars (15), and the blocking bars (15) are provided in the gaps between adjacent first dovetail tenon fasteners (6), in the gaps between adjacent second dovetail tenon fasteners (10), and in the gaps between adjacent third dovetail tenon fasteners (11).

6. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inner thermal insulation layer (3) and the outer thermal insulation layer (4) are extruded boards.

7. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A pipe plug (25) is arranged on the inner side of the first bottom horizontal through hole (26); and a pipe plug (25) is arranged on the outer side of the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34).

8. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: A pipe plug (25) is provided on the outer side of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the outer side of the fourth top ventilation hole (19); a pipe plug (25) is provided on the inner side of the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the inner side of the first top ventilation hole (17).

9. The breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage block with integrated thermal insulation and structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: Gaskets are arranged between vertically adjacent vertical channels (14).

10. The use of the breathable green thermal insulation and heat storage building block with integrated thermal insulation and structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using the breathing green thermal insulation and heat storage blocks with integrated thermal insulation and structure to form a block wall and using the block wall to store and exchange heat is carried out in the following steps: In summer, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) are opened, the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32) are opened, and the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by using the pipe plug (25); according to the chimney effect principle, when the wind speed on the outdoor side of the top block is relatively high, the pressure at the outer port of the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) decreases, and at this time, the indoor air pressure is greater than the outdoor air pressure. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor top hot air passes through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole ( 18) and the first ventilation pipe (23) flow into the outdoors. At this time, the indoor hot air flows out, causing the air pressure at the top of the room to decrease. According to the heat pressure ventilation principle, the indoor hot air in the lower part flows toward the indoor top and flows into the outdoors through the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) and the first ventilation pipe (23). At this time, the indoor hot air flows upward, causing the air pressure at the bottom of the room to decrease. The outdoor air pressure is greater than the air pressure at the bottom of the room. The outdoor cool air will flow into the room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), thereby realizing the circulation of indoor and outdoor air in summer; During the daytime in winter, a sun room is arranged outside the block wall, and the first top horizontal through hole (16) and the fourth top horizontal through hole (18) are closed by using a pipe plug (25), and the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are opened. At this time, outdoor sunlight shines on the sun room, and the temperature of the gas in the sun room rises after being heated. The rising hot air increases the gas pressure at the top of the sun room. According to the principle of thermal pressure ventilation, the hot air in the sun room enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the second ventilation pipe (24), the vertical channel (14) in the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (1) of the top block, and the middle and outer phase change insulation mortar layer (34) of the middle block in sequence. The vertical passage (14) in the phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the vertical passage (14) in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1) in the bottom block, the fourth ventilation pipe (33), the first bottom ventilation hole (27), the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical passage (14) in the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, and at the same time, the hot air in the sunroom enters the fourth top ventilation hole (19) of the top block, and passes through the seventh ventilation pipe (37), the fifth ventilation pipe (35), the sixth ventilation pipe (36), the first bottom ventilation hole (27) in sequence. 7) The vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the bottom block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the middle block, the vertical channel (14) of the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2) in the top block, and the first top ventilation hole (17) enter the room, so that the hot air can circulate in the blocks. The hot gas exchanges heat with the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39), and stores the heat in the outer phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase-change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase-change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39). After the hot gas enters the room, the air pressure in the upper space of the room increases, and the indoor cold air is directed to the The indoor bottom air flows, causing the indoor bottom air pressure to rise, and the indoor cold air flows into the outdoor sun room through the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34) and the third ventilation pipe (32), and rises again after being heated by the sunlight and circulates into the block wall; at night in winter, the first top horizontal through hole (16), the fourth top horizontal through hole (18), the first bottom horizontal through hole (26), the fourth bottom horizontal through hole (34), the first top ventilation hole (17) and the fourth top ventilation hole (19) are closed by the pipe plug (25), and the heat stored in the outer phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (1), the inner phase change thermal insulation mortar layer (2), and the phase change concrete in the joint casting cavity (39) is released to the room to increase the indoor temperature.

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