Intelligent adjusting system and method for ditch cover plate of high-speed railway tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to an intelligent adjusting system and method for ditch cover plates of a high-speed railway tunnel, and the adjusting system comprises an intelligent regulation and control module, a plurality of ditch cover plates and a plurality of wind speed sensors. The opening adjusting device comprises an opening, a rotating shaft, a driver and a fan blade, the rotating shaft rotatably penetrates through the cover plates and the opening, the size of the fan blade is matched with the size of the opening, the fan blade is fixed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shafts of two adjacent ditch cover plates are fixed along the axial direction, the driver is connected with the rotating shaft at one end of the ditch cover plate, and the fan blade is fixed on the rotating shaft. The intelligent regulation and control module is connected to the multiple wind speed sensors and the driver. According to the method, dynamic adjustment of the aperture ratio of the ditch cover plate is achieved so as to adapt to pressure changes under different train passing conditions, vibration and lifting of the ditch cover plate are reduced, and train safety and tunnel structure stability are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to an intelligent adjustment system and adjustment method for a ditch cover in a high-speed railway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The negative pressure generated by high-speed trains running at high speed in tunnels poses a challenge to the safety of tunnel structures. Especially when trains intersect or pass through tunnels at high speed, pressure waves may cause the gutter covers in the tunnel to vibrate or even lift up, which not only affects the safe operation of the trains, but may also cause damage to the tunnel structure. Traditional gutter covers are mostly fixed-opening ratio structures, lacking the ability to adjust to cope with the changes in pressure waves of high-speed trains. If the opening is too small, the gutter cover will lift up. If the opening is too large, foreign objects will enter the gutter cover and block the gutter. Therefore, a gutter cover with adjustable opening ratio is needed to dynamically control the opening ratio of the gutter cover.

[0003] Therefore, a ditch cover system that can intelligently adjust the opening ratio to adapt to different operating conditions is needed, which is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of high-speed railway tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent adjustment system and adjustment method for a ditch cover in a high-speed railway tunnel, so as to solve the technical problem that the tunnel ditch cover in the prior art lacks the adjustment capability to cope with the pressure wave changes of high-speed trains. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides an intelligent adjustment system for a ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel, comprising an intelligent adjustment module, a plurality of ditch covers and a plurality of wind speed sensors. An opening adjustment device is provided on the ditch cover, and the opening adjustment device comprises an opening, a rotating shaft, a driver and a fan blade. The rotating shaft rotatably passes through the cover and the opening, the size of the fan blade is adapted to the size of the opening, the fan blade is fixed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shafts of two adjacent ditch covers are fixed axially, the driver is connected to the rotating shaft at one end of the ditch cover, the plurality of wind speed sensors are divided into two groups, the two groups of wind speed sensors are respectively installed at the two ends of the tunnel, and the intelligent adjustment module is connected to the plurality of wind speed sensors and the driver.

[0006] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the gutter cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that the intelligent adjustment module includes a conversion unit, an early warning unit and a control unit. The conversion unit is used to receive the data of the wind speed sensor and convert it into a train speed and a pressure wave when the train passes through the tunnel, and then evaluate the safety level of the gutter cover according to the train speed and the pressure wave. According to the safety level, the rotation angle of the shaft is controlled by the control unit or an early warning signal is issued by the early warning unit.

[0007] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the manhole cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that the early warning unit is divided into four levels of A, B, C and D according to the degree of influence of the pressure wave on the manhole cover, indicating that the vibration intensity of the manhole cover gradually increases. When it is level C, the opening rate of the manhole cover is adjusted by the control unit; when it is level D, the opening rate of the manhole cover is adjusted by the control unit and an early warning signal is issued.

[0008] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the manhole cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that the conversion unit includes a first storage subunit, which is used to store data on train wind speed, train speed and pressure wave, and the conversion unit determines the state of the train through the data of the first storage subunit.

[0009] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the manhole cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that the control unit includes a second storage subunit, which is used to store a preset opening rate adjustment strategy, and according to the instructions of the early warning unit, the opening rate of the manhole cover is controlled according to the preset opening rate adjustment strategy.

[0010] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that the distance between each group of wind speed sensors and the tunnel entrance is between 200 and 300 meters.

[0011] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that each group of the wind speed sensors includes at least two wind speed sensors, and at least one wind speed sensor is arranged on each side of the track.

[0012] The present invention also provides an adjustment method for the intelligent adjustment system for the gutter cover of a high-speed railway tunnel as described above, comprising the following steps: monitoring wind speed data through a wind speed sensor and transmitting the wind speed data to an intelligent adjustment module; when the intelligent adjustment module determines that a train is entering a tunnel based on the wind speed data, the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blades is determined based on the wind speed data to adjust the opening rate of the gutter cover; the intelligent adjustment module controls a driver to start, and the driver drives a rotating shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate to a predetermined rotation angle; when the intelligent adjustment module determines that a train is exiting a tunnel based on the wind speed data, the driver controls the driver to drive the rotating shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate to their original positions.

[0013] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that when the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade is determined according to the wind speed data to adjust the opening rate of the ditch cover, the calculation formula of the corresponding relationship between the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade and the opening rate of the ditch cover is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] Wherein, α is the opening ratio of the ditch cover; l is the width of the fan blade; 0°≤θ≤90°, θ is the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade.

[0016] A further improvement of the intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention is that when the driver drives the rotating shaft to drive the fan blades to rotate to a predetermined rotation angle, the predetermined rotation angle is the product of the motor rotation angular velocity and the fan blade rotation time.

[0017] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The intelligent adjustment system for the gutter cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention intelligently adjusts the rotation angle of the fan blade according to the size of the pressure wave of the high-speed train through the intelligent control module, solving the technical problem that the tunnel gutter cover in the prior art lacks the ability to adjust to the changes in the pressure wave of the high-speed train. Through intelligent design and regulation, the present invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the opening rate of the gutter cover to adapt to the pressure changes under different train passing conditions, can effectively cope with the pressure waves generated when the high-speed train passes through the tunnel, reduce the vibration and lifting of the gutter cover, and ensure the safety of the train and the stability of the tunnel structure.

[0019] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ditch cover of the ditch cover intelligent adjustment system of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fan blade structure of the intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind speed sensor of an intelligent regulating system for a ditch cover in a high-speed railway tunnel according to the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1. Drain cover; 2. Wind speed sensor; 3. Intelligent control module; 4. Drainage ditch; 5. Tunnel; 6. Car shelter; 11. Sleeve; 12-Fan blades; 13. Rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent adjustment system for a gutter cover of a high-speed railway tunnel, comprising an intelligent adjustment module 3, a plurality of gutter covers 1 and a plurality of wind speed sensors 2. The gutter cover 1 is provided with an opening adjustment device, the opening adjustment device comprises an opening, a rotating shaft 13, a driver and a fan blade 12, the rotating shaft 13 rotatably passes through the cover and the opening, the size of the fan blade 12 is adapted to the size of the opening, the fan blade 12 is fixed on the rotating shaft 13, the rotating shafts 13 of two adjacent gutter covers 1 are fixed axially, the driver is connected to the rotating shaft 13 at one end of the gutter cover 1, the plurality of wind speed sensors 2 are divided into two groups, the two groups of wind speed sensors 2 are respectively installed at the two ends of the tunnel 5, and the intelligent adjustment module 3 is connected to the plurality of wind speed sensors 2 and the driver.

[0028] Specifically, the fan blade 12 includes two blades and a sleeve 11 fixed between the two blades, and the sleeve 11 is sleeved on and fixed to the rotating shaft 13, so that the fan blade 12 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the rotating shaft 13. The wind speed sensor 2 is fixed beside the track through a support frame.

[0029] Preferably, the intelligent control module 3 includes a conversion unit, an early warning unit and a control unit. The conversion unit is used to receive the data of the wind speed sensor 2 and convert it into the train speed and pressure wave when the train passes through the tunnel 5, and then evaluate the safety level of the ditch cover 1 according to the train speed and the pressure wave, and control the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 13 through the control unit or send a warning signal through the early warning unit according to the safety level. A car shelter 6 is provided inside the tunnel 5, and the intelligent control module 3 is installed in the car shelter 6. The intelligent control module 3 receives the data of the wind speed sensor 2 by wireless communication, and converts the data into the speed and pressure wave when the train passes through the tunnel 5, and then evaluates the safety status of the ditch cover 1 according to the train speed and the pressure wave, and then automatically adjusts the opening rate of the ditch cover 1 according to the safety status.

[0030] Preferably, the warning unit is divided into four levels of A, B, C and D according to the degree of influence of the pressure wave on the manhole cover 1, indicating that the vibration intensity of the manhole cover 1 gradually increases. When it is level C, the opening rate of the manhole cover 1 is adjusted by the control unit; when it is level D, the opening rate of the manhole cover 1 is adjusted by the control unit and a warning signal is issued. The A level means that the passage of the train has no effect on the manhole cover 1, the B level means that the passage of the train will cause slight vibration to the manhole cover 1, which requires attention, the C level means that the passage of the train will cause strong vibration to the manhole cover 1 or even lift it, and the opening rate needs to be adjusted, and the D level means that the speed of the vehicle still needs to be reduced after the opening rate of the manhole cover 1 is adjusted when the train passes, and a warning signal is quickly issued, thereby reminding the staff to pay attention in time.

[0031] Preferably, the conversion unit includes a first storage subunit, which is used to store data of the train wind speed, train speed and pressure wave, and the conversion unit determines the state of the train through the data of the first storage subunit. The wind speed sensor 2 monitors the wind speed of the train when it is about to pass through the tunnel 5 in advance, and the first storage subunit stores the corresponding relationship between the wind speed, speed and pressure wave of the train, and determines whether the train is a train crossing through the tunnel 5, so as to adjust the rotation angle of the fan blade 12 accordingly.

[0032] Preferably, the control unit includes a second storage subunit, which is used to store a preset opening rate adjustment strategy, and according to the instructions of the early warning unit, the opening rate of the ditch cover 1 is controlled according to the preset opening rate adjustment strategy. The control unit can quickly match the corresponding opening rate adjustment strategy, thereby improving the response speed of the adjustment.

[0033] Preferably, the distance between each group of wind speed sensors 2 and the tunnel 5 opening is between 200 and 300 m. This distance allows the intelligent control module 3 to have a certain reaction time.

[0034] Preferably, each group of the wind speed sensors 2 includes at least two wind speed sensors 2, and at least one wind speed sensor 2 is arranged on each side of the track, thereby ensuring the accuracy of wind speed monitoring.

[0035] The present invention also provides an adjustment method for the intelligent adjustment system of the gutter cover in a high-speed railway tunnel as described above, comprising the following steps: monitoring wind speed data through a wind speed sensor 2 and transmitting the wind speed data to an intelligent adjustment module 3; when the intelligent adjustment module 3 determines that a train is entering a tunnel 5 based on the wind speed data, the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blades 12 is determined based on the wind speed data to adjust the opening rate of the gutter cover 1; the intelligent adjustment module 3 controls the driver to start, and the driver drives the shaft 13 to drive the fan blades 12 to rotate to a predetermined rotation angle; when the intelligent adjustment module 3 determines that a train is exiting a tunnel 5 based on the wind speed data, the driver is controlled to drive the shaft 13 to drive the fan blades 12 to rotate to their original positions.

[0036] Preferably, when the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade 12 is determined according to the wind speed data to adjust the opening rate of the ditch cover 1, the calculation formula of the corresponding relationship between the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade 12 and the opening rate of the ditch cover 1 is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] Wherein, α is the opening ratio of the gutter cover 1; l is the width of the fan blade 12; 0°≤θ≤90°, θ is the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade 12.

[0039] Preferably, when the driver drives the rotating shaft 13 to drive the fan blades 12 to rotate to a predetermined rotation angle, the predetermined rotation angle is the product of the motor rotation angular velocity and the rotation time of the fan blades 12 .

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is to reduce the vibration and lifting amount generated when a high-speed train passes by by adjusting the opening rate of the ditch cover 1. When the top of the ditch cover 1 is subjected to negative pressure, if the negative pressure is less than or equal to the deadweight of the ditch cover 1, the ditch cover 1 remains stable; if the negative pressure exceeds the deadweight, the ditch cover 1 may move upward. The lifting amount of the ditch cover 1 is directly related to the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces. The greater the pressure difference, the higher the instability of the ditch cover 1. The system effectively reduces the influence between the net pressure in the tunnel 5 and the sealing performance of the ditch cover 1 by intelligently adjusting the opening rate of the ditch cover 1, thereby reducing the vibration and lifting amount of the ditch cover 1 when a high-speed train passes.

[0041] Assume that the rate of change of the pressure in the ditch 4 is proportional to the pressure difference between the inside and outside, that is:

[0042]

[0043] Where: P i is the pressure of the pressure wave on the bottom of the ditch cover 1 when the train passes, that is, the pressure inside the ditch 4; P e is the pressure of the pressure wave on the top of the ditch cover 1 when the train passes, that is, the internal pressure of the tunnel 5; t is the duration of the pressure wave; c2 is a constant; d is the differential.

[0044] At t = 0, the pressure at the bottom of the cover plate is equal to the local relative atmospheric pressure, that is, taking this as the boundary condition, integrating the above formula yields:

[0045]

[0046] Wherein: τ is the sealing index of the water ditch 4; P is the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water ditch 4; V is the volume of the water ditch 4; S is the leakage area of ​​the water ditch 4.

[0047] For a certain sealing index τ of the water ditch 4, the lifting amount of the cover plate under the negative pressure at the top can be calculated by the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] Where: L is the lifting amount of the ditch cover 1 under the negative pressure at the top; t is the time required for the negative pressure peak to act on the upper and lower parts of the cover to reach static pressure balance; t is the duration of the pressure wave; d is the differential; v is the lifting speed of the ditch cover 1, which can be calculated by the following formula;

[0050]

[0051] Where: G w A is the weight of the ditch cover 1; w is the area of ​​the top of the ditch cover 1; m w is the mass of the ditch cover 1; dt is the differential with respect to time.

[0052] When the trains are running at a speed of 350 km / h in the tunnel 5, the lifting amount of the ditch cover 1 is 10.9 mm and 4.4 mm respectively when the rotating blades 12 are fully closed and fully opened, thereby proving the effectiveness of the present invention in reducing the vibration and lifting amount of the ditch cover 1.

[0053] The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of the high-speed railway tunnel of the present invention intelligently adjusts the rotation angle of the fan blade 12 according to the size of the pressure wave of the high-speed train through the intelligent adjustment module 3, solving the technical problem that the ditch cover 1 of the tunnel 5 in the prior art lacks the adjustment ability to cope with the changes in the pressure wave of the high-speed train. Through intelligent design and regulation, the present invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the opening rate of the ditch cover 1 to adapt to the pressure changes under different train passing conditions, can effectively cope with the pressure waves generated when the high-speed train passes through the tunnel 5, reduce the vibration and lifting of the ditch cover 1, and ensure the safety of the train and the stability of the tunnel 5 structure.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent adjustment system for ditch covers in high-speed railway tunnels, characterized in that: The invention comprises an intelligent control module (3), a plurality of ditch cover plates (1) and a plurality of wind speed sensors (2); the ditch cover plates (1) are provided with an opening adjustment device, the opening adjustment device comprises an opening, a rotating shaft (13), a driver and a fan blade (12); the rotating shaft (13) rotatably passes through the cover plate and the opening; the size of the fan blade (12) matches the size of the opening; the fan blade (12) is fixed on the rotating shaft (13); the rotating shafts (13) of two adjacent ditch cover plates (1) are fixed in the axial direction; the driver is connected to the rotating shaft (13) at one end of the ditch cover plates (1); the plurality of wind speed sensors (2) are divided into two groups; the two groups of wind speed sensors (2) are respectively installed at two ends of a tunnel (5); and the intelligent control module (3) is connected to the plurality of wind speed sensors (2) and the driver.

2. The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The intelligent control module (3) comprises a conversion unit, an early warning unit and a control unit. The conversion unit is used to receive data from the wind speed sensor (2) and convert the data into a train speed and a pressure wave when the train passes through a tunnel (5), and then evaluate the safety level of the ditch cover (1) based on the train speed and the pressure wave. According to the safety level, the control unit controls the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (13) or issues an early warning signal through the early warning unit.

3. The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The early warning unit is divided into four levels of A, B, C and D according to the degree of influence of the pressure wave on the ditch cover (1), indicating that the vibration intensity of the ditch cover (1) gradually increases. When it is level C, the opening rate of the ditch cover (1) is adjusted by the control unit; when it is level D, the opening rate of the ditch cover (1) is adjusted by the control unit and an early warning signal is issued.

4. The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The conversion unit includes a first storage subunit, which is used to store data on train wind speed, train speed and pressure wave. The conversion unit determines the state of the train through the data of the first storage subunit.

5. The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The control unit comprises a second storage subunit, which is used to store a preset opening rate adjustment strategy, and according to the instructions of the early warning unit, controls the opening rate of the ditch cover (1) according to the preset opening rate adjustment strategy.

6. The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between each group of wind speed sensors (2) and the entrance of the tunnel (5) is between 200 and 300 m.

7. The intelligent adjustment system for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each group of wind speed sensors (2) comprises at least two wind speed sensors (2), and at least one wind speed sensor (2) is arranged on each side of the track.

8. A method for adjusting the ditch cover intelligent adjustment system of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: The wind speed data is monitored by a wind speed sensor (2) and transmitted to an intelligent control module (3); When the intelligent control module (3) determines that the train is entering a tunnel (5) based on the wind speed data, it determines a predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade (12) based on the wind speed data and adjusts the opening rate of the ditch cover (1); The driver is controlled to start by the intelligent control module (3), and the driver drives the rotating shaft (13) to drive the fan blades (12) to rotate to a predetermined rotation angle; When the intelligent control module (3) determines that the train is exiting the tunnel (5) based on the wind speed data, it controls the driver to drive the rotating shaft (13) to drive the fan blades (12) to rotate to their original positions.

9. The intelligent adjustment method for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 8 is characterized in that: When the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade (12) is determined based on the wind speed data to adjust the opening rate of the ditch cover (1), the calculation formula for the corresponding relationship between the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade (12) and the opening rate of the ditch cover (1) is as follows: In the formula, α is the opening ratio of the ditch cover (1); l is the width of the fan blade (12); 0°≤θ≤90°, and θ is the predetermined rotation angle of the fan blade (12).

10. The intelligent adjustment method for the ditch cover of a high-speed railway tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the driver drives the rotating shaft (13) to drive the fan blade (12) to rotate to a predetermined rotation angle, the predetermined rotation angle is the product of the motor rotation angular velocity and the rotation time of the fan blade (12).

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