Self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent switch

Abstract

The invention provides a self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch, and the switch comprises a conductor which is used for bearing the current of a main loop; the cutting device is used for cutting the conductor; the explosion excitation device is used for pushing the cutting device through explosion to cut off the conductor; and the parallel branch is connected with the conductor in parallel and is provided with a voltage control module and an arc extinguishing device which are connected in series. The voltage control module is set to be disconnected when the voltage at the two ends of the voltage control module is lower than a threshold value and conducted when the voltage at the two ends of the voltage control module is higher than or equal to the threshold value; the arc extinguishing device is used for fusing and arc extinguishing when the parallel branch is conducted. According to the self-triggering type arc extinguishing intelligent switch, when a main loop is cut off, if current exists in the main loop, a parallel branch is automatically triggered and conducted, and safe arc extinguishing is achieved; and if the current of the main loop is zero, the parallel branch is kept disconnected, so that the whole circuit is completely disconnected, and the safety of the system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of intelligent switches, and in particular relates to a self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles and circuits that need to quickly cut off fault currents, various gunpowder breakers with ignition tubes or micro gas generators (MGG) as excitation sources first appeared, also known as smart switches, which can be driven externally to cut off the main circuit according to the size of the fault current and can complete the disconnection action in as short as a few milliseconds. However, this type of smart switch has a relatively weak ability to extinguish the arc generated when disconnecting the main circuit.

[0003] Therefore, the solution of connecting the gunpowder type circuit breaker and the traditional thermal fuse type protection device in parallel was subsequently developed to take into account both the quick disconnection of the main circuit and the arc extinguishing. The working principle of this intelligent switch that can extinguish the arc is that the resistance of the traditional thermal fuse type protection device in parallel is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than the resistance of the main circuit. Therefore, when working normally, the current almost flows through the main circuit; when the main circuit is disconnected for some reason, the main circuit current quickly switches to the parallel branch and passes through the thermal fuse type protection device to achieve quick arc extinguishing. Summary of the invention

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent switch, comprising:

[0005] Conductor, used to carry the main circuit current;

[0006] a cutting device for cutting the conductor;

[0007] an explosion energizing device for pushing the cutting device by explosion to cut the conductor; and

[0008] A parallel branch is connected in parallel with the conductor and has a voltage control module and an arc extinguishing device connected in series, wherein the voltage control module is configured to remain disconnected when the voltage across the voltage is lower than a threshold value and to be turned on when the voltage across the voltage is higher than or equal to the threshold value, and the arc extinguishing device is configured to melt and extinguish the arc when the parallel branch is turned on.

[0009] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the voltage control module includes at least one voltage control element.

[0010] According to the self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the voltage-controlled element is a gas discharge tube, a spark gap, a varistor or a voltage-stabilizing diode.

[0011] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the conductor includes a conductor pre-break.

[0012] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the conductor pre-break is formed by cutting off a portion of material on the conductor to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor at the location thereof.

[0013] According to the self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, one end of the cutting device is in surface contact with the explosion excitation device, and the other end is in point contact or line contact with the pre-break end of the conductor.

[0014] According to the self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the cutting device is made of insulating material.

[0015] According to the self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the insulating material is PA66, PA6, PC, PBT, or PPS.

[0016] According to the self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the arc-extinguishing device is a fuse or a fuse.

[0017] According to the self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch of the present invention, preferably, the explosion excitation device is an ignition tube or a micro gas generator.

[0018] Based on the above technical scheme, the present invention can not only safely extinguish the arc by cutting off the main circuit when there is current in the main circuit, but also completely disconnect the circuit when the main circuit is cut off when the main circuit current is zero, further ensuring the safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent switch according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to better understand the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] We found that there is a problem with the way the powder type circuit breaker is connected in parallel with the thermal fuse type protection device - if the main circuit is cut off when the main circuit current is zero, the parallel branch is still connected, resulting in the entire circuit not being completely disconnected.

[0023] Moreover, in the field of new energy applications, in some special scenarios, even if the main circuit current is zero, it is necessary to cut off the main circuit and completely disconnect the circuit. At this time, the solution of simply connecting a gunpowder type breaker and a traditional hot melt type protector in parallel cannot meet the needs.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention provides a self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent switch, see Figure 1 As can be seen from the figure, it includes a conductor 102, a conductor pre-break 103 located on the conductor 102, and the conductor 102 is part of the main circuit; it also includes a parallel branch connected in parallel with the conductor 102, and the parallel branch is provided with a voltage control module 104 and an arc extinguishing device 105 connected in series; in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the conductor 102, a cutting device 101 is provided at a position directly opposite to the conductor pre-break 103, and one end of the cutting device 101 is preferably in contact with the position where the conductor pre-break 103 is located, and the other end is in contact with the explosion excitation device 106.

[0025] The conductor 102 is used to form a path for the main circuit current, and its material can be gold, silver, copper, aluminum, iron, and various metal alloys. In order to make it easier to cut, a part of the material can be cut off from the conductor 102, so that the cross-sectional area at this place becomes smaller, forming a conductor pre-break 103. Preferably, the pre-break 103 is conical and is arranged on the side of the conductor 102 opposite to the cutting device 101.

[0026] The function of the cutting device 101 is to cut off the conductor 102, so that the main circuit changes from the on state to the off state and maintains the off state. In order to quickly cut off the conductor, the cutting device 101 is in direct contact with the conductor 102. Therefore, the cutting device 101 can be made of insulating materials, such as synthetic materials such as PA66, PA6, PC, PBT, PPS, etc. One end of the cutting device 101 is in surface contact with the explosion excitation device 106, and the contact area is as large as possible to obtain a greater thrust under the same gas pressure; the other end of the cutting device 101 is in contact with the position where the conductor pre-break 103 is located, and the contact area should be as small as possible, preferably point contact or line contact, to obtain a greater pressure under the same pressure.

[0027] The explosion excitation device 106 may be an ignition tube or a micro gas generator, which can quickly generate a large amount of gas after being powered on, and push the cutting device 101 to quickly move to the position where the conductor pre-breaking end 103 is located.

[0028] The arc extinguishing device 105 is a thermal melt device, which can be a fuse or a fuse. Its function is to quickly melt and disconnect the parallel branch when the parallel branch is turned on and the main circuit current flows through the parallel branch, consuming electrical energy to extinguish the arc.

[0029] The function of the voltage control module 104 is to conduct when the arc voltage exceeds its pre-designed working voltage, so that the main circuit current flows through the parallel branch and extinguishes the arc through the arc extinguishing device 105, and remains disconnected at other times. In this way, when the main circuit has no current and is cut off, because no arc voltage is generated, the voltage control module will not conduct, and the parallel branch remains disconnected, ensuring that the circuit of the entire parallel branch is not conductive. According to the actual application needs, several voltage control elements can be used in combination, the same type of voltage control elements can be used in combination, or a single voltage control element can be used. Commonly used voltage control elements include gas discharge tubes, spark gaps, varistors, and voltage-sensitive diodes.

[0030] The gas discharge tube is sealed with ceramics, and has two or more metal electrodes with gaps inside, which are filled with inert gas. When the voltage applied to the two electrode ends cannot cause the gas in the gas discharge tube to break down, the gas discharge tube has a very high resistance and is in a disconnected state; when the voltage applied to the two electrode ends can cause the gas in the gas discharge tube to break down, the gas discharge tube begins to discharge, changing from high resistance to low resistance, and enters a conducting state, connecting the circuit in which it is located.

[0031] The spark gap includes two electrodes composed of conductors with a gap between them. The gap may contain gas. When the voltage between the two conductors is lower than the breakdown voltage of the gap gas, the gas is in an insulating state and has extremely high resistance, causing the circuit in which it is located to be disconnected. When the voltage between the two conductors is higher than the breakdown voltage of the gap gas, the gas will be ionized, and an electric spark will be generated between the two conductors. The resistance of the gas will drop significantly, causing the circuit in which it is located to be conductive.

[0032] The resistance of a varistor is controlled by the voltage loaded across it. When the voltage loaded across it is lower than its threshold, the current flowing through it is extremely small, which is equivalent to a resistor with extremely large resistance, causing the circuit in which it is located to be disconnected; when the voltage loaded across it exceeds its threshold, the current flowing through it surges, which is equivalent to a resistor with extremely small resistance, causing the circuit in which it is located to be turned on.

[0033] When a Zener diode is used as a circuit switch, its reverse breakdown characteristics are used. When the voltage loaded on both ends of it is lower than the reverse breakdown voltage, the reverse resistance is large, the reverse current is extremely small, and the circuit in which it is located is equivalent to being disconnected; when the voltage loaded on both ends of it is higher than the reverse breakdown voltage, the reverse resistance drops to a very small value, the reverse current increases, and the circuit in which it is located is conducting.

[0034] The working principle of the self-triggered arc extinguishing intelligent switch is as follows: after the external signal drives the explosion excitation device 106, the generated explosion gas pushes the cutting device 101 to move in the direction of the conductor pre-break 103. When there is current in the main circuit, after the conductor 102 is cut off, an arc voltage is generated at the conductor pre-break 103. Since the parallel branch is connected in parallel with the conductor, the arc voltage is applied to both ends of the voltage control module 104 at the same time. When it exceeds the preset voltage of the voltage control module 104, the voltage control module 104 is turned on, the main circuit current flows through the parallel branch, and the arc extinguishing device 105 works, consumes electric energy, and completes the arc extinguishing; when there is no current in the main circuit, after the conductor 102 is cut off, no arc voltage is generated, the voltage control module 104 will not be turned on, and will remain in the disconnected state, the parallel branch is disconnected, and the entire circuit remains disconnected.

[0035] The present invention realizes that when the main circuit is cut off, if there is current in the main circuit, the voltage control module of the parallel branch is automatically triggered to close under the action of the arc voltage, the parallel branch is connected, and the arc extinguishing device safely extinguishes the arc; if the main circuit current is zero, the parallel branch remains disconnected, and then the entire circuit is completely disconnected, thereby ensuring the safety of the system.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described through preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but includes various changes and modifications that may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-triggering arc extinguishing intelligent switch, comprising: Conductor, used to carry the main circuit current; a cutting device for cutting the conductor; An explosion excitation device for pushing the cutting device to cut the conductor by explosion; as well as A parallel branch is connected in parallel with the conductor and has a voltage control module and an arc extinguishing device connected in series, wherein the voltage control module is configured to remain disconnected when the voltage across the voltage is lower than a threshold value and to be turned on when the voltage across the voltage is higher than or equal to the threshold value, and the arc extinguishing device is configured to melt and extinguish the arc when the parallel branch is turned on.

2. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein: The voltage control module includes at least one voltage control element.

3. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 2, wherein: The voltage-controlled element is a gas discharge tube, a spark gap, a varistor or a voltage-stabilizing diode.

4. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 2, wherein: The conductor includes a conductor pre-break.

5. The self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 4, wherein: The conductor pre-break is formed by cutting off a portion of material from the conductor so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor at the position thereof becomes smaller.

6. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 4, wherein: One end of the cutting device is in surface contact with the explosion excitation device, and the other end is in point contact or line contact with the pre-breaking end of the conductor.

7. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein: The cutting device is made of insulating material.

8. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 7, wherein: The insulating material is PA66, PA6, PC, PBT, or PPS.

9. The self-triggered arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein: The arc extinguishing device is a fuse or a fuse.

10. The self-triggering arc-extinguishing intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein: The explosion excitation device is an ignition tube or a micro gas generator.

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