Intelligent photovoltaic power supply system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The system comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit which comprises a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module frame, the photovoltaic module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy, and the photovoltaic module frame is used for wrapping the photovoltaic module; the energy storage battery is connected with the photovoltaic power generation unit, the energy storage battery is used for storing electric energy, and the energy storage battery shell is used for wrapping the energy storage battery; the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller is connected with the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller comprises an adjusting device and a main control device, and the adjusting device is used for adjusting the output voltage and the output current of the energy storage battery and adjusting the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic module; and the main control device is used for collecting the output voltage and the output current of the energy storage battery, the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the illumination intensity and carrying out charging and discharging protection on the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system and a control method for the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is the direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy using solar cells based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect. Solar energy generally refers to the thermal radiation energy of the sun, that is, sunlight. Since solar energy is generally used for power generation today, it can be regarded as a clean and renewable energy source. Photovoltaic power generation, as a technology that efficiently converts solar energy into electrical energy, has been widely promoted and applied around the world. However, since the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is closely related to the intensity of light, the intensity of light will affect the output power, output voltage and power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0003] In the prior art, usually multiple photovoltaic modules are connected in series and connected to a photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter converts the direct current into alternating current for use in the AC equipment. Since the current in the series circuit is the same, the working current of multiple photovoltaic modules in the same group is the same. On the one hand, when one photovoltaic module in the same group fails or cannot receive sunlight, the output current of the photovoltaic module will be affected, thereby affecting the entire group of photovoltaic modules, which is the so-called short board effect. On the other hand, since the power generation of the photovoltaic module depends on the intensity of sunlight, the greater the intensity of sunlight, the greater the power generation of the photovoltaic module. When the intensity of sunlight is unstable, the power generation of the photovoltaic module will also be unstable. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system and a control method thereof, which can not only solve the short board effect caused by damage or obstruction of photovoltaic components, but also enable the photovoltaic components to output power stably. In addition, the photovoltaic components are independent of each other and easy to install.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An intelligent photovoltaic power supply system comprises: a photovoltaic power generation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module frame, the photovoltaic module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the photovoltaic module frame is used to wrap the photovoltaic module; an energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit, the energy storage battery is used to store the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic module, and the energy storage battery shell is used to wrap the energy storage battery; a micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller comprises an adjustment device and a main control device, the adjustment device is used to adjust the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery, and adjust the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module; the main control device is used to collect the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery, the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the light intensity, and the charge and discharge protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system.

[0007] A control method for an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system comprises the following steps: converting solar energy into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation unit and storing the electrical energy in an energy storage battery; obtaining the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery; judging whether the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery are abnormal; if so, adjusting the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery through a micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, and starting the charge and discharge protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system.

[0008] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0009] The present invention converts solar energy into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation unit, and then stores the converted electrical energy in an energy storage battery. The main control device collects the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery, the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and the light intensity, and performs charge and discharge protection for the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system. The output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery and the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module are adjusted through an adjustment device. As a result, not only can the short-board effect caused by damage or obstruction of the photovoltaic module be solved, but also the power generation power of the photovoltaic module can be stably output. The photovoltaic modules are independent of each other and are easy to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 A working principle diagram of an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a control method for an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 Flow chart of another control method of an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0014] Reference numerals:

[0015] 100-photovoltaic power generation unit, 101-photovoltaic module, 102-photovoltaic module frame;

[0016] 200-energy storage battery, 202-energy storage battery housing;

[0017] 300-Micro photovoltaic energy storage controller;

[0018] 301-adjusting device, 3011-voltage regulating module, 3012-current regulating module, 3013-driving module;

[0019] 302-main control device, 3021-main controller, 3022-voltage detection module, 3023-current detection module, 3024 charge and discharge protection module, 3025-sensor module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a smart photovoltaic power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a photovoltaic power generation unit 100, an energy storage battery 200 and a micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 includes a photovoltaic module 101 and a photovoltaic module frame 102, the photovoltaic module 101 is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the photovoltaic module frame 102 is used to wrap the photovoltaic module 101; the energy storage battery 200 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit 100, and the energy storage battery 200 includes an energy storage battery shell 201, and the energy storage battery 200 is used to store the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic module 101, and the energy storage battery shell 201 Used to wrap the energy storage battery 200; the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 and the energy storage battery 200, and the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 includes an adjustment device 301 and a main control device 302. The adjustment device 301 is used to adjust the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery 200, and adjust the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module 101; the main control device 302 is used to collect the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery 200, the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit 100, the light intensity, and the charging and discharging protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 may include at least one group of photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102, and there is no connection relationship between each group of photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102, that is, when one group of photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102 among the multiple groups of photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102 has a working abnormality, the photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102 of other groups can work normally, wherein a storage battery 200 is only connected to one photovoltaic power generation unit 100, therefore, the abnormal photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102 can be maintained separately, and the normal operation of other photovoltaic components 101 and photovoltaic component frames 102 will not be affected, which can solve the problem that some units in the integrated design are abnormal, making the entire intelligent photovoltaic power supply system unable to operate and difficult to maintain.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module frame 102 may be provided with one or more card slots, and the energy storage battery shell 201 may also be provided with one or more card slots. The photovoltaic module frame 102 and the energy storage battery shell 201 may be docked and fixed through the card slots, thereby making the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 and the energy storage battery 200 more firmly connected.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment device 301 may include: a voltage regulation module 3011, a current regulation module 3012 and a driving module 3013, wherein the voltage regulation module 3011 can be used to adjust the output voltage of the energy storage battery 200 and the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation unit 100; the current regulation module 3012 can be used to adjust the output current of the energy storage battery 200 and the output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit 100; the driving module 3013 is connected to the voltage regulation module 3011 and the current regulation module 3012, and the driving module 3013 is used to drive the voltage regulation module 3011 and the current regulation module 3012 to adjust the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 100.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the main control device 302 may include: a main controller 3021, a voltage detection module 3022, a current detection module 3023, a charge and discharge protection module 3024 and a sensor module 3025, wherein the main controller 3021 is connected to the adjustment device 301, and the main controller 3021 is used to send signals to the adjustment device 301 and receive signals sent by the adjustment device 301; the voltage detection module 3022 is connected to the main controller 3021, and the voltage detection module 3022 is used to collect the output voltage of the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 and send it to the main controller 30 21; the current detection module 3023 is connected to the main controller 3021, and the current detection module 3023 is used to collect the output current of the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 and send it to the main controller 3021; ​​the charge and discharge protection module 3024 is connected to the main controller 3021, and the charge and discharge protection module 3024 is used to protect the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system when the voltage and current of the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 are abnormal; the sensor module 3025 is connected to the main controller 3021, and the sensor module 3025 is used to collect light intensity data and send it to the main controller 3021.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the voltage detection module 3022 and the current detection module 3023 collect the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 100, and send them to the main controller 3021. When the voltage detection module 3022 or the current detection module 3023 detects that the output voltage or output current of the energy storage battery 200 or the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 is abnormal, the main controller 3021 sends a signal to the charge and discharge protection module 3024 to start the protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system. Further, the light sensor module 3025 can send the collected light intensity data to the main controller 3021, and after being processed by the main controller 3021, the light intensity data is sent to the adjustment device 301 according to the actual situation. The driving module 3013 can drive the voltage regulation module 3011 and the current regulation module 3012 to adjust the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 100 according to the light intensity data, so as to achieve the ideal state of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system. For example, when the light intensity remains stable, the photovoltaic module 101 continues to generate electricity and maintains a stable output of the generated power through the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300, and controls the energy storage battery 200 not to charge or discharge; when the light intensity remains low, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 can control the energy storage battery 200 and the photovoltaic module 101 to generate electricity together, wherein the power generation of the energy storage battery 200 is the same as the less power generation of the photovoltaic module. At this time, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 controls the external output power of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system to remain unchanged; when the light intensity suddenly becomes stronger, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 can control the energy storage battery 200 to charge, that is, to store the excess power generation of the photovoltaic module 101 in the energy storage battery 200. At this time, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 controls the external output power of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system to remain unchanged. In one embodiment of the present invention, a micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 only controls one group of photovoltaic power generation units 100 and energy storage batteries 200. It is understandable that, due to the small size of the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300, its starting voltage is also low, and compared with a conventional inverter, the working time of the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 is also longer.

[0028] According to the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system of the embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation unit converts solar energy into electrical energy, and then stores the converted electrical energy in the energy storage battery, and collects the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery, the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the light intensity and the charge and discharge protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system through the main control device, and adjusts the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery and the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module through the adjustment device. Therefore, not only can the short board effect caused by damage or obstruction of the photovoltaic module be solved, but also the power generation power of the photovoltaic module can be stably output, and the photovoltaic modules are independent of each other and easy to install.

[0029] Corresponding to the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system of the above embodiment, the present invention further proposes a control method for the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the control method of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1, converts solar energy into electrical energy through photovoltaic power generation units and stores it in energy storage batteries.

[0032] S2, obtain the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery.

[0033] S3, determining whether the output voltage and output current values ​​of the energy storage battery are abnormal.

[0034] S4, if yes, the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery are adjusted through the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, and the charging and discharging protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system is started.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system also includes: collecting light intensity data through a light sensor, and storing the light intensity data in a micro photovoltaic energy storage controller; the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller adjusts the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery according to the light intensity data.

[0036] Specifically, the light intensity of sunlight can be collected through the light sensor, and the collected light intensity data can be sent to the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller. After being processed by the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, the output power can be adjusted according to the actual situation to achieve the ideal state of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system. For example, when the light intensity remains stable, the photovoltaic module continues to generate electricity and maintains a stable output of power through the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, and controls the energy storage battery not to charge or discharge; when the light intensity continues to be low, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller can control the energy storage battery and the photovoltaic module to generate electricity together, wherein the power generation of the energy storage battery is the same as the less power generation of the photovoltaic module. At this time, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the external output power of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system to remain unchanged; when the light intensity suddenly becomes stronger, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller can control the energy storage battery to charge, that is, to store the extra power generation of the photovoltaic module in the energy storage battery. At this time, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the external output power of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system to remain unchanged.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the main controller 3021 in the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller 300 can also control the photovoltaic assembly 101 and the energy storage battery 200 to work together according to the output power change rate of the photovoltaic assembly 101 (i.e., the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit 100). When the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic assembly 101 exceeds the first threshold, the energy storage battery 200 is controlled to be put into operation to absorb the incremental power and supplement the shortfall power; when the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic assembly 101 does not exceed the first threshold, the photovoltaic assembly 101 is controlled to work in the MPPT tracking mode, and the photovoltaic power is directly output to the load. At the same time, the energy storage battery 200 is controlled to charge or discharge slowly, so that the SOC of the energy storage battery 200 is maintained at about 50%, so that the energy storage battery 200 maintains a certain charging capacity and discharging capacity in most cases, so that when the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic assembly 101 exceeds the first threshold, the energy storage battery 200 can be charged or discharged in time to keep the overall output power of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery stable. Optionally, the first threshold may be 10%×Pe / min, wherein Pe represents the rated output power of the photovoltaic component 101, and 10%×Pe / min represents that the output power change per minute reaches 10% of the rated output power.

[0038] More specifically, combined Figure 4 The main controller 3021 periodically detects the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module 101 (i.e., the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation unit 100) through the voltage detection module 3022 and the current detection module 3023, so as to calculate the output power of the photovoltaic module (i.e., the output power of the photovoltaic power generation unit 100). In each detection cycle, after obtaining the output power of the photovoltaic module 101, the output power change rate of the photovoltaic module 101 can be obtained by dividing the output power of this cycle and the output power of the previous cycle by the cycle length.

[0039] If the absolute value of the output power change rate is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the output power change rate of the photovoltaic module has increased due to the change in light intensity, and the energy storage battery 200 needs to be controlled to work in coordination with the photovoltaic module, and the output power change rate is further determined to be greater than 0 or less than 0. If the output power change rate is greater than 0, it indicates that the output power of the photovoltaic module has increased suddenly. At this time, in order to keep the overall output power of a group of photovoltaic modules and energy storage batteries stable, the main controller 3021 considers controlling the energy storage battery to absorb the excess power generated by the photovoltaic module. Optionally, the SOC of the energy storage battery can be read from the BMS. If the SOC is less than the maximum threshold value (e.g., 90%) for the normal operation of the energy storage battery, indicating that the energy storage battery has the ability to charge at this time, the energy storage battery intervenes, and the main controller controls the photovoltaic module to operate in Mppt (maximum power point tracking) mode, and at the same time controls the energy storage battery to start protection charging to absorb the sudden increase in the amount of electricity (or power) of the photovoltaic module; if the SOC is greater than or equal to the maximum threshold value of the energy storage battery operation, indicating that the energy storage battery has no charging ability at this time, the energy storage battery does not intervene, and the main controller controls the photovoltaic module to continue to operate in Mppt mode. In this case, the stable operation of the entire intelligent photovoltaic power supply system cannot be achieved. The main controller will take certain measures to reduce the occurrence of this situation. The specific method will be described in detail below. If the output power change rate is less than 0, it indicates that the output power of the photovoltaic module suddenly decreases. At this time, in order to keep the overall output power of a group of photovoltaic modules and energy storage batteries stable, the main controller 3021 considers controlling the energy storage battery to supplement the less power generation of the photovoltaic module. Optionally, the SOC of the energy storage battery can be read from the BMS. If the SOC is greater than or equal to the minimum threshold value for normal operation of the energy storage battery (for example, 10%), indicating that the energy storage battery has the discharge capacity at this time, the energy storage battery intervenes, and the main controller controls the photovoltaic component to operate in Mppt mode, and at the same time controls the energy storage battery to start protective discharge to replenish the sudden reduction in power of the photovoltaic component; if the SOC is less than the minimum threshold value for the operation of the energy storage battery, indicating that the energy storage battery no longer has the discharge capacity at this time, the energy storage battery does not intervene, and the photovoltaic component continues to operate in Mppt mode. This situation also cannot achieve stable operation of the entire intelligent photovoltaic power supply system. The main controller will take certain measures to reduce the occurrence of this situation. The specific method will be described in detail below.

[0040] If the absolute value of the output power change rate is ≤ the first threshold, it indicates that the photovoltaic module is running smoothly and there is no need for the energy storage battery to supplement or absorb electricity. However, in order to overcome the situation that the battery SOC is greater than the maximum threshold or less than the minimum threshold and cannot respond to the sharp change in the output power of the photovoltaic module, the main controller will control the energy storage battery to slowly and steadily start the protection discharge and protection charging when the photovoltaic module is running smoothly, so that the SOC of the energy storage battery is kept near 50%, and at the same time has a certain charging capacity and discharge capacity to cope with unknown changes in the future. Optionally, a certain amplitude of SOC stable interval can be set near 50%, the upper limit of the interval is called the second threshold, and the lower limit of the interval is called the third threshold. The second threshold and the third threshold are relatively close to 50% (for example, both are less than or equal to 10%). For example, the second threshold can be 60% or 55%, and the third threshold can be 45% or 50%; accordingly, after the absolute value of the output power change rate is ≤ the first threshold, continue to judge whether the SOC of the energy storage battery is in the stable interval. If yes, it indicates that the energy storage battery has the ability to charge and discharge at the same time, and there is no need to perform slow charging and discharging. If not, there are two cases: one is that the SOC is greater than the second threshold value, in which case the energy storage battery has a stronger discharge capacity and a weaker charging capacity. The main controller can control the energy storage battery to discharge slowly, and make the absolute value of the output power change rate of a group of photovoltaic components and energy storage batteries detected by the main controller less than the fourth threshold value, wherein the fourth threshold value is less than the first threshold value. For example, when the first threshold value is 10%×Pe / min, the fourth threshold value can be 5%×Pe / min, so that when a group of photovoltaic components and energy storage batteries are connected to the power system as a whole, they can have a stable output capacity equivalent to that of the photovoltaic components when they are connected to the power system; the other case is that the SOC is less than the third threshold value, in which case the energy storage battery has a stronger charging capacity and a weaker discharge capacity. The main controller can control the energy storage battery to charge slowly, and make the absolute value of the output power change rate of the entire intelligent photovoltaic power supply system detected by the main controller less than the fourth threshold value. Figure 4 In the control logic shown, the first threshold is 10%×Pe / min, the second threshold is 60%, the third threshold is 45%, and the fourth threshold is 5%×Pe / min. The maximum SOC threshold for normal battery operation is 90%, and the minimum threshold is 10%. The batteries and storage batteries in the figure all represent energy storage batteries.

[0041] Furthermore, the above-mentioned SOC stable range can also be dynamically adjusted, specifically in the following manner: within each detection cycle, the main controller can use a timing sequence prediction model to predict the output power change rate of the photovoltaic module in the next cycle (i.e., the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit in the next cycle) based on the light intensity, light intensity change rate, output power of the photovoltaic module, and output power change rate of the photovoltaic module in the current cycle and previous cycles. The light intensity change rate of a certain cycle can be obtained by subtracting the light intensity of the previous cycle from the light intensity of the cycle and dividing it by the cycle length.

[0042] If the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic module in the next cycle is less than the first threshold, the SOC stable interval adopts a pre-set interval without dynamic adjustment. This embodiment refers to this interval as a standard interval.

[0043] If the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic component in the next cycle exceeds the first threshold, the standard interval is adjusted according to the output power change rate to adapt to the power adjustment demand of the photovoltaic component in the next cycle, which includes two situations:

[0044] Case 1: The output power change rate of the photovoltaic component in the next cycle is greater than 0, indicating that the main controller predicts that the photovoltaic component will experience a sudden power increase in the next cycle, and the standard interval is moved down by a certain distance as a SOC stable interval in this case; accordingly, when the absolute value of the power change rate in the current cycle is less than the first threshold, the main controller will control the energy storage battery to slowly charge and discharge to the stable interval after the move, and the distance from the interval to the maximum threshold of the SOC is increased compared to the distance from the standard interval to the maximum threshold, which can improve the charging capacity of the energy storage battery in the next cycle; at the same time, the main controller can also control the target point of the slow charging and discharging of the energy storage battery to be the lower limit of the stable interval after the move, further improving the charging capacity of the energy storage battery in the next cycle. Once the SOC reaches the target point for the first time, there is no need to continue to slowly charge and discharge as long as the SOC is in the current stable interval.

[0045] Case 2: The output power change rate of the photovoltaic component in the next cycle is less than 0, indicating that the main controller predicts that the photovoltaic component will experience a sudden power drop in the next cycle, and the standard interval is moved up by a certain distance as a whole, serving as the SOC stable interval at this time; accordingly, when the absolute value of the power change rate in the current cycle is less than the first threshold, the main controller will control the energy storage battery to slowly charge and discharge to the stable interval after the move, and the distance from the interval to the minimum threshold of the SOC is increased compared to the distance from the standard interval to the minimum threshold, which can improve the discharge capacity of the energy storage battery in the next cycle; at the same time, the main controller can also control the target point of the slow charging and discharging of the energy storage battery to be the upper limit of the stable interval after the move, further improving the discharge capacity of the energy storage battery in the next cycle. Once the target point is reached for the first time, there is no need to continue to slowly charge and discharge as long as the SOC is in the current stable interval.

[0046] Furthermore, the above-mentioned time series prediction model can be pre-trained based on historical data. Optionally, during the operation of a set of photovoltaic power generation units 100 and energy storage batteries 200, the light intensity I, the light intensity change rate ⊿I, the output power P of the photovoltaic module, and the output power change rate ⊿P of the photovoltaic module in each cycle can be recorded to form a state vector V for each cycle. t =[I t ,⊿I t ,P t ,⊿P t ] T Then the time series [V t-i ,…,V t-1 ,V t] (wherein, i is a natural number, when i=1, the time series sequence includes only two periodic moments) is taken as input and the state vector of period t+1 is taken as output, and the LSTM model or the adaptive neural fuzzy system based on the zero-order Sugeno fuzzy model is trained so that the trained model can predict the power change rate of the next period (t+1) according to the state vector of the previous i+1 periods (ti,…,t-1,t). Optionally, if the LSTM model is selected, an MLP structure can be added before the LSTM to expand the dimension of the input vector (expand the four-dimensional input vector to a higher dimension), and then the number of input layer nodes of the LSTM is set according to the output of the MLP; or MLP can be omitted, and the number of input layer nodes can be set according to the dimension of the time series; the number of hidden layers and LSTM stacked layers can be flexibly set as needed; if an adaptive neural fuzzy system is selected for training, a 5-layer network structure can be used, and the fuzzy membership function uses a bell-shaped membership function, and each input corresponds to a 2-level linguistic variable, namely, the light intensity is strong or weak, the current light intensity changes fast or slow, the current output power is high or low, and the current output power change rate is high or low, corresponding to 64 fuzzy rules. After the model training is completed, the trained model can be tested using the test set to obtain the prediction accuracy of the model. Under the premise that the accuracy is higher than a certain threshold, the higher the accuracy, the larger the distance of the standard interval moved up or down in the above embodiment can be set. However, no matter how large the distance is set, it should be ensured that the lower limit of the interval after movement is greater than the minimum threshold of SOC, and the upper limit is less than the maximum threshold of SOC, that is, the battery has the ability to charge and discharge at the same time.

[0047] Of course, the above-mentioned time series prediction model can also be replaced by a pre-calibrated input and output relationship (the input and output here are the same as the input and output of the prediction model), and the corresponding moving distance can be adjusted according to the calibration accuracy. The higher the accuracy, the greater the moving distance can be.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, a micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls only one group of photovoltaic power generation units and energy storage batteries. It is understandable that due to the small size of the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, its starting voltage is also low, and compared with a conventional inverter, the working time of the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller is also longer.

[0049] In summary, according to the control method of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system of the embodiment of the present invention, solar energy is converted into electrical energy through the photovoltaic power generation unit and stored in the energy storage battery, and the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery are obtained, and it is determined whether the output voltage and output current values ​​of the energy storage battery are abnormal. If so, the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery are adjusted by the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, and the charging and discharging protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system is started. In this way, not only the short board effect caused by damage or obstruction of the photovoltaic components can be solved, but also the power generation power of the photovoltaic components can be stably output, and the photovoltaic components are independent of each other and easy to install.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0054] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0055] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0056] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0057] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0058] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0059] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent photovoltaic power supply system, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic power generation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit comprising a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic module frame, the photovoltaic module is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the photovoltaic module frame is used to wrap the photovoltaic module; An energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit, the energy storage battery is used to store the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic assembly, and the energy storage battery housing is used to wrap the energy storage battery; A micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller is connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller includes an adjustment device and a main control device, the adjustment device is used to adjust the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery, and adjust the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module; the main control device is used to collect the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery, the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit, the light intensity, and the charge and discharge protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system.

2. The intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation unit includes at least one group of photovoltaic components and a photovoltaic component frame.

3. The intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting device comprises: A voltage regulating module, the voltage regulating module is used to regulate the output voltage of the energy storage battery and the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation unit; A current regulating module, the current regulating module is used to regulate the output current of the energy storage battery and the output current of the photovoltaic power generation unit; A driving module, wherein the driving module is connected to the voltage regulating module and the current regulating module, and the driving module is used to drive the voltage regulating module and the current regulating module to regulate the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery and the photovoltaic power generation unit.

4. The intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main control device comprises: A main controller, the main controller is connected to the adjustment device, and the main controller is used to send signals to the adjustment device and receive signals sent by the adjustment device; A voltage detection module, the voltage detection module is connected to the main controller, and the voltage detection module is used to collect the output voltage of the energy storage battery and the photovoltaic power generation unit and send it to the main controller; A current detection module, the current detection module is connected to the main controller, and the current detection module is used to collect the output current of the energy storage battery and the photovoltaic power generation unit and send it to the main controller; A charge and discharge protection module, the charge and discharge protection module is connected to the main controller, and the charge and discharge protection module is used to protect the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system when the voltage and current of the energy storage battery and the photovoltaic power generation unit are abnormal; A sensor module is connected to the main controller and is used to collect data on light intensity and send the data to the main controller.

5. The intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic component frame is provided with one or more slots, and the energy storage battery shell is provided with one or more slots, and the photovoltaic component frame and the energy storage battery shell are fixedly connected via the slots.

6. The intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: One of the micro photovoltaic energy storage controllers controls a group of the photovoltaic power generation units and the energy storage batteries.

7. A control method for an intelligent photovoltaic power supply system, characterized in that: Applied to the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the control method comprises the following steps: Convert solar energy into electrical energy through photovoltaic power generation units and store it in energy storage batteries; Obtaining the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery; Determining whether the output voltage and output current values ​​of the energy storage battery are abnormal; If so, the output voltage and output current of the energy storage battery are adjusted by the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller, and the charging and discharging protection of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system is started.

8. The control method of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Collecting light intensity data through a light sensor and storing the light intensity data in the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller; When the light intensity is stable, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the energy storage battery to neither charge nor discharge; When the light intensity increases, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to store more electricity in the energy storage battery; When the light intensity decreases, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the energy storage battery to discharge.

9. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: When the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit exceeds the first threshold, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to operate in the Mppt tracking mode, and at the same time controls the energy storage battery to absorb the excess power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit or supplement the insufficient power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit, so that the overall output power of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery is stable; When the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit does not exceed the first threshold, the micro photovoltaic energy storage controller controls the photovoltaic power generation unit to operate in the Mppt tracking mode, and at the same time controls the energy storage battery to charge or discharge with an absolute value of the power change rate less than a fourth threshold, so that the SOC of the energy storage battery is maintained in a stable interval in which the distance between the two end points is 50% less than the set threshold, wherein the fourth threshold is less than the first threshold, and the set threshold is less than or equal to 10%.

10. The control method of the intelligent photovoltaic power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before controlling the energy storage battery to charge or discharge at an absolute value of a power change rate less than a fourth threshold value so that the SOC of the energy storage battery is maintained within a stable interval in which the distance between the two end points is 50% less than a set threshold value, the method further includes: The micro photovoltaic energy storage controller predicts the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the next moment according to the light intensity, light intensity change rate, output power of the photovoltaic power generation unit, and output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the current moment and several previous moments; If the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the next moment is less than the first threshold, the SOC stable interval in which the distance between the two end points is 50% less than the set threshold is maintained unchanged and used as the standard interval; If the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the next moment exceeds the first threshold value, and the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the next moment is greater than 0, the standard interval is moved down by a certain distance as a SOC stable interval in this case; If the absolute value of the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the next moment exceeds the first threshold value, and the output power change rate of the photovoltaic power generation unit at the next moment is less than 0, the standard interval is moved up by a certain distance as a SOC stable interval in this case; The higher the prediction accuracy, the larger the certain distance.

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