Method for improving germination rate of direct seeding pyrethrum seeds in ridge

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges. The method comprises the following steps: S1, disinfecting the pyrethrum seeds with a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes; s2, the disinfected pyrethrum seeds are subjected to water bath treatment for 0.5-1.5 h at the temperature of 50 DEG C with a 8% NaClO solution; and S3, after the treatment is finished, washing the reagent on the surfaces of the seeds with pure water. According to the method, germination of the pyrethrum seeds can be effectively promoted, the problem that the germination rate of the pyrethrum seeds is low is solved, and the application of the technology is beneficial to construction of a healthier and more balanced farmland ecosystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on field ridges. Background Art

[0002] Pyrethrum (Pyretrum cinerariifolium or Tanacetumcinerariifolium) is a perennial herb native to Asia, famous for its rich natural insecticide, pyrethrin, in its flowers. Pyrethrin has high-efficiency broad-spectrum insecticidal activity and has good control effects on a variety of pests, including Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Homoptera (aphids), Coleoptera, Thorax, Hemiptera (bedbugs), Xiphoptera, Siphonaptera, Thysanoptera (western flower thrips) of the class Insecta, as well as mites and hard ticks of the class Arachnida. Compared with chemically synthesized pyrethroids, natural pyrethrins have less impact on the environment and are less toxic to non-target organisms such as bees and butterflies, so they have been widely used in agriculture and horticulture. In order to give full play to its advantages as a biological pesticide, pyrethrin is planted in the field, especially on the ridges of the field, which can effectively control pests, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and achieve the goal of eco-friendly pest management.

[0003] Traditional pyrethrum planting methods include seedling transplanting and direct seeding. Among them, direct seeding is more popular among farmers because of its simple operation and low cost. However, pyrethrum seeds are small, with hard seed coats and physiological dormancy, which leads to a low germination rate after direct sowing under natural conditions. According to existing research, the germination rate of direct seeding of pyrethrum seeds is often less than 50%, which greatly limits the effective promotion and application of pyrethrum as a biological control crop. Therefore, improving the germination rate of direct seeding of pyrethrum seeds has become an important topic of current research. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on field ridges, which can effectively promote the germination of pyrethrum seeds and solve the problem of low germination rate of pyrethrum seeds.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them;

[0007] S2, treating the disinfected pyrethrum seeds with 5%-10% NaClO solution for 0.5-1.5 hours;

[0008] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0009] Further preferably, in step S1, disinfection is performed with a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution.

[0010] Further preferably, in step S1, the disinfection time is 5 minutes.

[0011] Further preferably, in step S2, the seeds are treated in a water bath at 50°C.

[0012] More preferably, in step S2, the processing time is 1 hour.

[0013] Further preferably, in step S2, the concentration of the NaClO solution is 8%.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: through the pyrethrum seed germination method of the present invention, the germination rate of seeds is greatly improved, from less than 50% under the traditional direct seeding method to a more ideal level, up to 75%. This means that farmers can obtain higher plant density and yield without increasing additional labor costs, thereby enhancing the ability to control pests in the field. Planting pyrethrum in rice fields enriches biodiversity, provides habitats for natural enemy insects, and enhances natural pest control capabilities. The natural insecticidal properties of pyrethrins reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, reduce residues and environmental pollution, and effectively control pests such as rice planthoppers and rice leaf rollers. Therefore, the application of this technology helps to build a healthier and more balanced farmland ecosystem, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, improve rice quality, increase economic benefits, and meet the goals of modern agriculture in pursuing environmental protection and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the germination situation on the 5th day of the germination test in 8% NaClO 50℃ water bath treatment;

[0016] Figure 2 This is the normal seedling condition at 14 days under different treatments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on a ridge, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes;

[0021] S2, treating the sterilized pyrethrum seeds with 5% NaClO solution for 1 hour;

[0022] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on a ridge, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1. Take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes;

[0026] S2, treating the sterilized pyrethrum seeds with 8% NaClO solution for 1 hour;

[0027] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on a ridge, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. Take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes;

[0031] S2, treating the sterilized pyrethrum seeds with 10% NaClO solution for 1 hour;

[0032] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on a ridge, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes;

[0036] S2, treating the disinfected pyrethrum seeds with 5% NaClO solution in a 50°C water bath for 1 hour;

[0037] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on a ridge, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. Take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes;

[0041] S2, treating the disinfected pyrethrum seeds with 8% NaClO solution in a 50° C. water bath for 1 hour;

[0042] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0043] Example 6

[0044] A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on a ridge, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. Take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes;

[0046] S2, treating the disinfected pyrethrum seeds with 10% NaClO solution in a 50° C. water bath for 1 hour;

[0047] S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

[0048] Germination experiment

[0049] 1 Experimental methods

[0050] 1.1 Room temperature treatment

[0051] 1.1.1 Different reagents for different treatment times

[0052] Take an appropriate amount of pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them with 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes. Rinse the disinfected seeds with pure water for later use (the following seed disinfection treatments are the same as this method). The disinfected seeds are divided into 16 portions and treated with 5% NaOH, 5% H2O2, and 8% NaClO for 0.5 hours, 1 hour, and 1.5 hours respectively. Treat with pure water for 0.5 hours, 1 hour, and 1.5 hours respectively as a control. After the treatment, rinse the reagents on the seed surface with pure water and do a standard germination test.

[0053] 1.1.2 Treatment with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite solution

[0054] Take an appropriate amount of seeds for disinfection, and then treat them with 5%, 8%, and 10% NaClO solutions for 1 hour. Use pure water treatment for 1 hour as a control. After the treatment, rinse the surface with pure water and do a standard germination test.

[0055] 1.2 Water bath treatment

[0056] The sterilized seeds were treated with pure water, 5% H2O2, and 8% NaClO for 0.5 hours, 1 hour, and 1.5 hours, respectively, and treated with pure water for 0.5 hours, 1 hour, and 1.5 hours, respectively. After the water bath, the surface of the seeds was rinsed with pure water and a standard germination test was performed. (Since 5% NaOH did not work well in treating seeds at room temperature, a water bath was not performed).

[0057] 1.3 Germination test

[0058] Two layers of filter paper were laid in the culture dish, and the filter paper was moistened with pure water. The seeds after different treatments were evenly placed in the culture dish, with 50 seeds for each treatment, and 3 repetitions were set. The standard germination experiment was carried out in the artificial climate box. The germination was recorded as the exposure of the radicle to half of the seed length. The number of germinations was counted every day from the first day of the germination test. The first counting time was the 7th day, and the last counting time was the 14th day. After the germination test, the germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vitality index of the seeds were calculated respectively. At the last count, 5 normal seedlings were randomly selected from each germination box of the two varieties, and their root length, seedling length and fresh weight were measured after the surface water was absorbed with absorbent paper.

[0059] Germination potential (%) = number of seeds germinated on day 7 / number of seeds tested × 100;

[0060] Germination rate (%) = number of seeds germinated on day 14 / number of seeds tested × 100;

[0061] Germination index (GI) = ∑Gt / Dt (Gt represents the normal number of seedlings per day corresponding to Dt, and Dt represents the corresponding number of germination days);

[0062] Vitality index (VI) = GI × S (S represents the seedling length of normal seedlings measured at the last count).

[0063] 1.4 Data Processing

[0064] The data were preprocessed using Microsoft Office Excel, and one-way analysis of variance was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 data processing system software.

[0065] 2 Results Analysis

[0066] Since the seeds smelled and did not germinate in a 5% H2O250℃ water bath, and did not germinate in a 50℃ pure water water bath, there is no data.

[0067] 2.1 Effects of different treatments on pyrethrum seed germination

[0068] Referring to Table 1, the test results show that compared with the control, 8% NaClO treatment for 1h has a better effect on the germination of pyrethrum seeds, with the germination potential and germination rate increased by 12% and 14% respectively, the germination index is 1.4 times that of the control, and the vitality index is 2.1 times that of the control; 5% NaOH and 5% H2O2 treatments have poor effects, among which 5% NaOH treatment has an inhibitory effect on the germination of pyrethrum seeds; 8% NaClO room temperature treatment has no significant effect on promoting the germination of pyrethrum seeds. There is no significant difference in germination potential, germination rate and germination index between the same reagent and different time gradient treatments.

[0069] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on pyrethrum seed germination

[0070]

[0071] Note: Different lowercase letters in the vertical direction indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0072] 2.2 Effects of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on germination of pyrethrum seeds

[0073] According to the results in Table 1, further study the sodium hypochlorite concentration with the best treatment effect

[0074] Referring to Table 2, the test results show that, compared with the control, different concentrations of NaClO treatment for 1h can improve the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds, among which the 8% concentration treatment has the best effect, with the germination potential and germination rate increased by 14% and 15% respectively compared with the control, and the germination index and vitality index are 1.6 times and 1.9 times of the control respectively. The 5% concentration has the second best effect, and the treatment effect becomes worse after exceeding 10%.

[0075] Table 2 Effects of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite on germination of pyrethrum seeds

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Effects of 2.38% sodium hypochlorite in 50℃ water bath for different time on germination of pyrethrum seeds

[0079] According to the above experimental results, 8% NaClO was selected for 50℃ water bath treatment. Referring to Table 3, it can be seen from the experimental results that compared with the control, 8% NaClO water bath treatment of pyrethrum seeds can greatly improve its germination rate, among which 8% NaClO 50℃ water bath for 1h has the best effect, followed by 0.5h, and the treatment effect becomes worse after more than 1h.

[0080] Table 3 Effects of 8% sodium hypochlorite 50℃ water bath treatment for different time periods on pyrethrum seed germination

[0081]

[0082] 3 Experimental conclusions

[0083] 8% NaClO 50℃ water bath treatment can effectively promote the germination of pyrethrum seeds, among which 1h treatment time is the best, followed by 0.5h, and the promotion effect begins to decrease after 1.5h. Figure 1As shown in the figure, the pyrethrum seeds treated with 8% NaClO at 50℃ water bath showed a higher germination rate on the 5th day, and the effect of water bath for 1h was the best. Figure 2 It can be seen that compared with the control, the seedlings treated with chemical reagents grew faster, had grown true leaves, and were stronger.

[0084] The above embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly seeded on field ridges, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, take pyrethrum seeds and disinfect them; S2, treating the disinfected pyrethrum seeds with 5%-10% NaClO solution for 0.5-1.5 hours; S3. After the treatment, rinse the reagent on the seed surface with pure water.

2. A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, disinfection is performed using a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution.

3. A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the disinfection time is 5 minutes.

4. A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the seeds are treated in a 50° C. water bath.

5. A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the processing time is 1 hour.

6. A method for improving the germination rate of pyrethrum seeds directly sown on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the concentration of the NaClO solution is 8%.

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