Bionic plough share type excavating device for harvesting lodging-state carrots

Abstract

A bionic plough share type digging device for harvesting lodging-state carrots comprises a bionic plough share type digging shovel, a digging shovel handle and a digging adjusting system, the bionic plough share type digging shovel is installed on the digging shovel handle, and the digging adjusting system acts on the digging shovel handle to adjust the digging depth and angle of the bionic plough share type digging shovel; in conclusion, compared with a traditional plane chisel type digging device, soil at the bottom of the middle of the carrot can be lifted to the outer side of the carrot, the carrot is made to deviate inwards, complete clamping of the clamping disc is achieved, the phenomenon of missing supporting is prevented, complete tassel cutting of a rear opposite-top cutting device is facilitated, and the complete cutting rate of the carrot combine harvester is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a bionic ploughshare type digging device for harvesting carrots in a lodging state. Background Art

[0002] Completing efficient combined harvesting of carrots in a lodging state has important practical significance for improving the mechanization rate of carrot crop production. Traditional carrot combine harvesters mostly use flat chisel digging devices, which can easily cause the carrots to deviate outward during carrot digging operations, and the tassel-holding device cannot fully hold the tassels, and the clamping disc is prone to leaking, which affects the complete tassel cutting of the rear top cutting device and reduces the clean cutting rate of the carrot combine harvester. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a bionic plowshare digging device for harvesting carrots in a lodging state, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing carrot combine harvester cannot fully support the tassels, the clamping disc is prone to leaking, and the rear top cutting device is affected from completely cutting the tassels.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A bionic plowshare excavation device for harvesting carrots in a lodging state, comprising a bionic plowshare excavation shovel, an excavation shovel handle and an excavation adjustment system, wherein the bionic plowshare excavation shovel is mounted on the excavation shovel handle, and the excavation adjustment system acts on the excavation shovel handle to adjust the excavation depth and angle of the bionic plowshare excavation shovel;

[0006] The bionic plowshare excavating shovel is composed of two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The connection between the two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces forms a bionic guide curve on the inner side of the mole's claw. The lower edge of the front view of the bionic plowshare excavating shovel forms a front view contour line, which is a parabola. The parabola equation is:

[0007] y=0.00188893x 2

[0008] The fitting equation of the bionic guide curve on the inner side of the mole's paw is:

[0009]

[0010] Furthermore, the excavation adjustment system includes a hydraulic cylinder and a frame, one end of the excavation shovel handle is hinged to the frame, a mounting seat is provided at the end of the excavation shovel handle, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed between the frame and the mounting seat.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with the traditional flat chisel type digging device, the present invention can lift the soil at the middle bottom of the carrot to the outside of the carrot, so that the carrot is biased inward, and the clamping disc is fully clamped to prevent the occurrence of leakage, which is convenient for the rear top cutting device to completely cut the tassels, thereby improving the cutting rate of the carrot combine harvester. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 A side view of a carrot combine harvester in a lodging state;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bionic ploughshare excavation device of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is the axonometric view of the bionic plowshare excavation shovel;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a side view of the bionic plowshare excavation shovel;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a front view of the bionic plowshare excavation shovel;

[0018] Figure 6 A top view of a bionic plowshare excavating shovel;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state where the soil under the carrot is lifted to both sides;

[0020] Figure 8 This is the curve fitting equation of the bionic guide on the inner side of the mole's paw;

[0021] Fig. 9 This is a state diagram of a carrot combine harvester before digging operation in a lodging state;

[0022] Fig.10 This is a diagram of the carrot combine harvester in a lodging state after digging. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0025] A specific embodiment of a bionic plowshare excavation device for harvesting carrots in a lodging state provided by the present invention:

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the carrot combine harvester for lying carrots consists of a tassel-supporting device 1, a clamping disc 2, a conveying device 3, a top-cutting device 4 and a bionic plowshare-type digging device 5, wherein the tassel-supporting device 1, the clamping disc 2, the conveying device 3 and the top-cutting device 4 constitute a tassel-supporting and conveying system, the tassel-supporting device 1 is used to support the carrot tassels scattered on the ground, lift them up and gather them to stand upright, the bionic plowshare-type digging device 5 disturbs the soil under the roots of the carrots, reduces the adhesion between the soil and the carrots, and biases the carrots inwards through the squeezing effect of the soil, while the carrot tassels gather inwards to facilitate being sent into the clamping disc 2 for lifting, the conveying device 3 clamps the carrot tassels and sends them into the top-cutting device 4 to complete the carrot combine harvesting operation.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the bionic ploughshare excavation device 5 comprises a bionic ploughshare excavation shovel 6, an excavation shovel handle 7 and an excavation adjustment system. The bionic ploughshare excavation shovel 6 is mounted on the excavation shovel handle 7, and the excavation adjustment system acts on the excavation shovel handle 7 to adjust the excavation depth and angle of the bionic ploughshare excavation shovel 6.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the bionic plowshare excavating shovel 6 is composed of two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces 8, and the two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces 8 are arranged symmetrically (as shown in FIG. Figure 6 The connection between the two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces 8 forms a mole claw inner bionic guide curve 9 (as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown), the lower edge of the front view of the bionic plowshare excavating shovel 6 forms a front view contour line 10 (as shown Figure 5 As shown), the front view contour line 10 is a parabola, which is a parabola established at the origin with the front view contour projection of the shovel body surface as the vertex, that is:

[0029] y=kx 2 (1)

[0030] Where k is the coefficient of the parabola equation.

[0031] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the soil under the carrot is lifted to both sides. According to the geometric relationship in the figure, the soil under the carrot is lifted to both sides of the soil, and the volume before and after lifting is equal. At the same time, the soil will be fluffy to 1.2 times before lifting, according to the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Where V1 is the volume of the soil before it is lifted (unit: mm 3 ), V2 is the volume of the soil after being lifted (unit: mm 3 ), L is the ridge width (unit: mm), a is the length of the bottom edge after 1 / 2 of the soil is lifted (unit: mm), and γ is the natural angle of repose of the soil;

[0034] V2 is the volume of the soil after being lifted by the excavator. Taking the bulkiness coefficient λ as 1.2, the equation is obtained:

[0035] V2=λV1 (3)

[0036] Combining formula (2) and (3), we can obtain:

[0037]

[0038] Depend on Figure 7 From the geometric relationship, we can see that:

[0039] L=2a+s (5)

[0040] The combined equations (4) and (5) can be used to obtain the parametric equation of the front view contour projection parabola k. The natural repose angle of the soil is selected as γ, which is 37°, according to the soil conditions at the harvest time. According to the carrot planting model requirements in the cold regions of Northeast China, the width of the digging shovel L is 296.8 mm. Substituting it into the parametric equation, the coefficient k of the parabola equation can be obtained. The parabola equation is:

[0041] y=0.00188893kx 2 (6)

[0042] The bionic guide curve of the inner side of the mole's claw 9. The front end structure of the shovel body has poor ability to penetrate into the soil and will significantly increase the operating resistance. Through the analysis of the living habits of moles, the mole's claw is selected as the bionic design object. The curve of the inner side of the mole's claw is extracted for fitting, such as Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 9 , the fitting equation of the bionic guide curve 9 on the inner side of the mole claw is:

[0043]

[0044] The front view contour line 10 is a circular curve. By referring to the construction method of the moldboard plow body surface, the plow body surface is constructed, and the initial element angle θ0 is selected to be 40°. The loosening shovel needs to have good soil crushing performance and does not need to turn over the soil, so the element angle θ should change slowly. The change law equation can be expressed as:

[0045]

[0046] Where M is a constant, Z is the arbitrary height of the digging shovel (mm), and Z maxis the digging shovel height (mm).

[0047] The selected element line angle Δθ varies from 1 to 7°, θ max =θ0+Δθ, the height of the loosening shovel is the height of the bionic guide curve. According to the changing law of the angle between the shovel body contour line, the bionic guide curve and the element line, the excavation shovel body is completed. The other shovel tip angles are 26° according to the excavation motion trajectory of the mole.

[0048] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the bionic plowshare digging shovel 6 can make the carrot bias inward during operation, which is convenient for clamping the clamping disc 2 and improves the tassel-holding rate of the tassel-holding device 1.

[0049] In addition, the excavation adjustment system includes a hydraulic cylinder 11 and a frame 12. One end of the excavation shovel handle 7 is hinged to the frame 12. A mounting seat 13 is provided at the end of the excavation shovel handle 7. The hydraulic cylinder 11 is installed between the frame 12 and the mounting seat 13. By pulling the excavation shovel handle 7 to rotate around the hinge axis through the hydraulic cylinder 11, the inclination of the excavation shovel handle 7 can be changed, and the excavation depth and angle of the bionic plowshare excavation shovel 6 can be adjusted.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bionic plowshare digging device for harvesting carrots in a lodging state, characterized in that: It comprises a bionic ploughshare excavating shovel, an excavating shovel handle and an excavating adjustment system, wherein the bionic ploughshare excavating shovel is mounted on the excavating shovel handle, and the excavating adjustment system acts on the excavating shovel handle to adjust the excavation depth and angle of the bionic ploughshare excavating shovel; The bionic plowshare excavating shovel is composed of two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right. The connection between the two excavating shovel plow body curved surfaces forms a bionic guide curve on the inner side of the mole's claw. The lower edge of the front view of the bionic plowshare excavating shovel forms a front view contour line, which is a parabola. The parabola equation is: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">y = 0.00188893x<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> 2 The fitting equation of the bionic guide curve on the inner side of the mole's paw is:

2. The bionic plowshare digging device for harvesting carrots in a lodging state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation adjustment system comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a frame, one end of the excavation shovel handle is hinged on the frame, a mounting seat is arranged at the end of the excavation shovel handle, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed between the frame and the mounting seat.

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