Method for shortening growth cycle of mushroom sticks by adding light calcium carbonate in certain proportion

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a method for shortening the growth cycle of mushroom sticks by adding a certain proportion of light calcium carbonate, which comprises the following steps of: 1, preparing a basic substrate, namely selecting sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum, and uniformly mixing according to a certain proportion to obtain the basic substrate; 2, according to the addition amount of light calcium, light calcium is added according to the mass ratio of 0.3%-0.5% of the basic matrix, mechanical stirring is conducted, water is added, stirring continues to be conducted for 30-50 min, and a light calcium matrix is obtained; 3, bagging and sterilization: bagging the light calcium substrate by an automatic bagging machine with the weight of each bag being 2-3 kg, and sterilizing for 240 minutes at the temperature of 118 DEG C after bagging is completed, so as to obtain mushroom sticks; 4, cooling and inoculating; 5, culturing and puncturing; according to the method, the growth cycle of the shiitake mushrooms is shortened, the quality of the shiitake mushrooms is improved, the nutritional value is higher, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular to a method for shortening the growth period of shiitake mushroom sticks by adding a certain proportion of light calcium. Background Art

[0002] As a popular and highly nutritious edible fungus, the cultivation and growth cycle of shiitake mushrooms directly affect production efficiency. The traditional shiitake mushroom cultivation matrix formula is a matrix composed of sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, etc. in a certain proportion. Although it can meet the basic growth needs of shiitake mushroom mycelium, it has limitations in shortening the growth cycle and increasing yield. Unlike varieties such as oyster mushrooms, hericium erinaceus, and king oyster mushrooms, which can produce mushrooms in 30-40 days of bag-cultivated mushroom bags, in the factory cultivation method of shiitake mushrooms, it often takes a long time from inoculation to fruiting, generally about 90-120 days, which not only increases the difficulty of management during the production process , and also slows down the speed of capital recovery, affecting the capital turnover of producers; the extension of cultivation time means that production facilities, sites, labor and other resources need to be occupied for a longer time, which increases production costs to a certain extent and reduces resource utilization efficiency; the extension of cultivation time also means that the production process may face more uncertainties and risks, such as the invasion of pests and diseases, sudden changes in climatic conditions, etc., which may have an adverse effect on the growth of shiitake mushroom sticks, thereby increasing production risks. To address these problems, it is necessary to shorten the cultivation time and improve production efficiency and economic benefits through technological innovation and management optimization. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for shortening the growth period of shiitake mushroom sticks by adding a certain proportion of light calcium, so as to solve the problem of long growth period of shiitake mushrooms.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a method for shortening the growth period of shiitake mushroom sticks by adding a certain proportion of light calcium, comprising the following steps:

[0005] 1. Prepare the basic matrix: select sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum, mix them evenly in a certain proportion as the basic matrix;

[0006] 2. Add light calcium according to the basic matrix mass ratio of 0.3%-0.5%, stir mechanically, add water, and continue stirring for 30-50 minutes to obtain a light calcium matrix;

[0007] 3. Bagging and sterilization: bag the light calcium matrix through an automatic bagging machine, with each bag weighing 2-3 kg. After bagging, sterilize at 118°C for 240 minutes to obtain a mushroom stick;

[0008] 4. Cooling and inoculation;

[0009] 5. Cultivation and puncture;

[0010] 6. Color change cultivation, mature storage and delivery.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step (i), the dry weight ratio of sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum in the base matrix is ​​80-85:8-20:1-3.

[0012] Furthermore, in the step (ii), after adding water and stirring, the water content of the light calcium matrix is ​​55-60%.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (iv), inoculation is performed after the temperature of the bacterial sticks is cooled to below 28° C. 3-6 holes are punched for inoculation, with a diameter of 2-3 cm. 15-30 ml of liquid bacteria are injected into each inoculation hole, and then 5-8 grams of solid bacteria are injected.

[0014] Furthermore, in the step (V), during the culture, the temperature of the mushroom sticks in the culture room is controlled at about 22-25° C. After 20-30 days, the mycelium fills the mushroom bag and is pierced all over.

[0015] Furthermore, in the step (V), when puncturing, there are 8-12 holes in each row, the hole diameter is 5-8 mm, the puncture depth is 2-6 cm, and there are 7-10 rows in total.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step (six), the color change culture illumination is about 80-120 lx, the culture temperature is 22°C, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture workshop is less than 4000 ppm.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (six), the pH of the bacteria sticks reaches 3.8-4.0, the moisture content of the bacteria sticks is 61-63%, and the bacteria age is 70-80 days, then the bacteria can be shipped out of the warehouse.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Shorten the growth cycle: The addition of light calcium can adjust the microenvironment of the basic matrix, which is conducive to the germination of liquid strains. Liquid strains have strong penetration ability and a large germination area. While solid strains are germinating mycelium, they can also effectively block external bacteria, creating a strong environment for the germination of liquid strains, promoting the rapid growth of shiitake mycelium and the early formation of fruiting bodies, thereby significantly shortening the growth cycle of shiitake mushrooms by 15-20 days. More batches of cultivation can be completed in the same time, thereby increasing the total yield.

[0020] 2. Improve quality: The addition of an appropriate amount of light calcium helps to improve the color, taste and nutritional value of shiitake mushrooms, and enhance product quality, especially the internal liquid culture, which avoids external bacteria and dust and tastes better.

[0021] 3. Reduce costs: As a low-cost and easily available mineral, the addition of light calcium will not significantly increase production costs. On the contrary, it will reduce overall production costs due to the shortening of the growth cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] 1. Prepare the basic matrix: select sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum, and mix them evenly according to the dry weight ratio of 80-85:8-20:1-3 as the basic matrix;

[0023] 2. Add light calcium according to the mass ratio of the basic matrix to 0.3%-0.5%, stir mechanically, add water, continue stirring for 30-50 minutes, and the water content of the light calcium matrix is ​​55-60% to obtain a light calcium matrix;

[0024] 3. Bagging and sterilization: bag the light calcium matrix through an automatic bagging machine, with each bag weighing 2-3 kg. After bagging, sterilize at 118°C for 240 minutes to obtain a mushroom stick;

[0025] 4. Cooling and inoculation: When the temperature of the bacteria sticks cools down to below 28°C, inoculate. Make 3-6 holes with a diameter of 2-3cm. Inject 15-30 ml of liquid bacteria into each hole, and then inject 5-8 grams of solid bacteria.

[0026] 5. Cultivation and puncture: During cultivation, the temperature of the fungus stick in the culture room is controlled at about 22-25℃. After 20-30 days, the mycelium will fill the fungus bag and puncture the whole body. When puncturing, there are 8-12 holes in each row, the hole diameter is 5-8mm, the puncture depth is 2-6cm, and there are 7-10 rows in total.

[0027] 6. Color change culture, mature storage, color change culture light is about 80-120lx, culture temperature is 22℃, carbon dioxide concentration in the culture workshop is less than 4000ppm, when the pH of the bacteria stick reaches 3.8-4.0, the water content of the bacteria stick is 61-63%, and the bacteria age is 70-80 days, it can be shipped.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] 1. In the basic matrix, the dry weight ratio of sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum is 80:18:2;

[0030] 2. Add 0.3% light calcium, stir mechanically, add water, and continue stirring for 30-50 minutes. The water content of the light calcium matrix is ​​55%, and the light calcium matrix is ​​obtained;

[0031] 3. Each bag weighs 2kg. After bagging, sterilize at 118℃ for 240 minutes to obtain mushroom sticks;

[0032] 4. Cooling and inoculation: When the temperature of the bacteria sticks cools down to below 28°C, inoculate. Make 3 holes with a diameter of 2 cm. Inject 15 ml of liquid bacteria into each hole, and then inject 5 grams of solid bacteria.

[0033] 5. Cultivation and puncture: During cultivation, the temperature of the fungus stick in the culture room is controlled at about 22-25℃. After 20-30 days, the mycelium will fill the fungus bag and puncture the whole body. When puncturing, there are 8 holes in each row, with a hole diameter of 5mm and a puncture depth of 2cm, for a total of 7 rows;

[0034] 6. Color change culture, mature storage, color change culture light is about 80lx, culture temperature is 22℃, carbon dioxide concentration in the culture workshop is less than 4000ppm, when the pH of the mushroom stick reaches 3.8-4.0, the moisture content of the mushroom stick is 61-63%, after 70 days of cultivation, the mushroom meets the storage requirements, which greatly shortens the cultivation time compared with the traditional 90-12 days.

[0035] Embodiment 2

[0036] 1. In the basic matrix, the dry weight ratio of sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum is 83:16:1;

[0037] 2. Add 0.4% light calcium, stir mechanically, add water, and continue stirring for 30-50 minutes. The water content of the light calcium matrix is ​​57%, and the light calcium matrix is ​​obtained;

[0038] 3. Each bag weighs 2.5kg. After bagging, sterilize at 118℃ for 240 minutes to obtain mushroom sticks;

[0039] 4. Cooling and inoculation: wait until the temperature of the bacteria sticks cools down to below 28°C for inoculation. Make 4 holes with a diameter of 2.5 cm. Inject 20 ml of liquid bacteria into each hole, and then inject 6 grams of solid bacteria.

[0040] 5. Cultivation and puncture: During cultivation, the temperature of the fungus stick in the culture room is controlled at about 22-25℃. After 20-30 days, the mycelium will fill the fungus bag and puncture the whole body. When puncturing, there are 10 holes in each row, with a hole diameter of 6mm and a puncture depth of 5cm, for a total of 8 rows;

[0041] 6. Color change culture, mature storage, color change culture light is about 90lx, culture temperature is 22℃, carbon dioxide concentration in the culture workshop is less than 4000ppm, when the pH of the mushroom stick reaches 3.8-4.0, the water content of the mushroom stick is 61-63%, after 75 days of cultivation, the mushroom meets the storage requirements, which greatly shortens the cultivation time compared with the traditional 90-12 days.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] 1. In the basic matrix, the dry weight ratio of sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum is 85:12:3;

[0044] 2. Add 0.5% light calcium, stir mechanically, add water, and continue stirring for 40 minutes. The water content of the light calcium matrix is ​​60%, and the light calcium matrix is ​​obtained;

[0045] 3. Each bag weighs 3kg. After bagging, sterilize at 118℃ for 240 minutes to obtain mushroom sticks;

[0046] 4. Cooling and inoculation: When the temperature of the bacteria sticks cools down to below 28°C, inoculate. Make 6 holes with a diameter of 3 cm. Inject 30 ml of liquid bacteria into each hole, and then inject 8 grams of solid bacteria.

[0047] 5. Cultivation and puncture: During cultivation, the temperature of the fungus stick in the culture room is controlled at about 22-25℃. After 20-30 days, the mycelium will fill the fungus bag and puncture the whole body. When puncturing, there are 12 holes in each row, with a hole diameter of 8mm and a puncture depth of 6cm, for a total of 10 rows;

[0048] 6. Color change culture, mature storage, color change culture light is about 120lx, culture temperature is 22℃, carbon dioxide concentration in the culture workshop is less than 4000ppm, when the pH of the mushroom stick reaches 3.8-4.0, the moisture content of the mushroom stick is 61-63%, after 72 days of culture, the mushrooms meet the storage requirements, which is much longer than the traditional 90-12 days.

[0049] This application breaks the traditional solid inoculation method. After the inoculation holes are drilled, liquid bacteria are first injected, and then a small amount of solid bacteria are covered for inoculation. This can effectively shorten the culture time by 15-20 days. This method accurately controls the amount of light calcium added, optimizes the physical and chemical properties of the matrix, and is suitable for the rapid germination and colonization of liquid and solid bacteria, so as to promote the rapid growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium and the early formation of fruiting bodies, thereby significantly shortening the growth cycle.

[0050] The above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for shortening the growth period of shiitake mushroom sticks by adding a certain proportion of light calcium, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. Prepare the basic matrix: select sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum, mix them evenly in a certain proportion as the basic matrix; 2. Add light calcium according to the basic matrix mass ratio of 0.3%-0.5%, stir mechanically, add water, and continue stirring for 30-50 minutes to obtain a light calcium matrix; 3. Bagging and sterilization: bag the light calcium matrix through an automatic bagging machine, with each bag weighing 2-3 kg. After bagging, sterilize at 118°C for 240 minutes to obtain a mushroom stick; 4. Cooling and inoculation; 5. Cultivation and puncture; 6. Color change cultivation, mature storage and delivery.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (i), the dry weight ratio of sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum in the base matrix is ​​80-85:8-20:1-3.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step (ii), after adding water and stirring, the water content of the light calcium matrix is ​​55-60%.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (iv), inoculation is performed after the temperature of the bacterial sticks is cooled to below 28° C. 3-6 holes are punched for inoculation, with a diameter of 2-3 cm. 15-30 ml of liquid bacteria are injected into each inoculation hole, and then 5-8 grams of solid bacteria are injected.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (five), during the culture, the temperature of the mushroom sticks in the culture room is controlled at about 22-25° C. After 20-30 days, the mycelium fills the bag and is pierced all over.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (five), when puncturing, there are 8-12 holes in each row, the hole diameter is 5-8 mm, the puncture depth is 2-6 cm, and there are 7-10 rows in total.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (six), the color change culture illumination is about 80-120 lx, the culture temperature is 22° C., and the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture workshop is less than 4000 ppm.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step (six), the pH of the bacteria sticks reaches 3.8-4.0, the water content of the bacteria sticks is 61-63%, and the bacteria age is 70-80 days, then the bacteria can be shipped out of the warehouse.