Wind field regulation and control device for super-large layer thickness selective laser melting

Abstract

The invention provides a wind field regulation and control device for super-large layer thickness selective laser melting. The wind field regulation and control device comprises a machine body, a workbench arranged in the machine body, a forming cavity formed above the workbench, a forming cylinder, a powder cylinder, a waste cylinder and a transmission assembly, wherein the forming cylinder, the powder cylinder and the waste cylinder are installed in the workbench, and the transmission assembly is installed on the workbench. The transmission assembly is symmetrically fixed to the upper surface of the workbench, the first protective cover and the second protective cover are symmetrically fixed to the upper surface of the workbench and arranged outside the transmission assembly in a sleeving mode, the filtering assembly is arranged on one side of the workbench, and the filtering assembly is installed in the two protective covers correspondingly. When the powder laying assembly conducts powder laying operation, the blowing direction and the air volume of the lower air inlet cover in the air inlet assembly can be controlled, and then the situation that airflow blown out of the lower air inlet cover collides with the powder laying assembly, turbulence is generated, blowing affects metal powder on a forming cylinder, and the powder laying quality of the powder laying assembly is affected is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of selective laser melting equipment, and in particular to a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting. Background Art

[0002] Selective laser melting is a near-net-shape forming method that discretizes the digital model of the entity and controls the focused laser beam to scan the powder layer point by point and layer by layer according to the discretized scanning path, and melts, solidifies and accumulates to form the entity. This method can melt metal powder to obtain formed parts with high density and dimensional accuracy, good surface quality and excellent performance. It is the most promising and widely used development direction in the field of additive manufacturing and advanced manufacturing.

[0003] Large-layer selective laser melting technology can effectively improve the forming efficiency by increasing the thickness of the powder layer. By optimizing process parameters such as laser power, exposure time, overlap rate, etc., it can improve production efficiency while ensuring part density and performance.

[0004] Since laser melting is carried out in a closed environment, during the laser scanning and sintering process, the metal powder irradiated by the laser can easily generate smoke and powder splashing under high temperature conditions. If the wind volume and wind speed at different positions of the wind field in the sealed environment are not uniform and stable enough, it will affect the cleaning of smoke and splashing powder. The rising smoke will interfere with the irradiated laser, weaken the laser intensity, and affect the molding quality of the printed parts. In particular, when the thickness of the powder layer is increased, the powder trajectory will fluctuate, the gap will increase, and the density will decrease, making the metal powder splashing phenomenon more serious. The splashed residue falls on the powder bed, causing secondary sintering of the laser scanning of the lower layer of powder, affecting the molding accuracy. During the powder spreading operation, due to the increase in the thickness of the powder layer, the wind direction and wind speed at the wind inlet of the wind field are not easy to adjust at the same time, so that the airflow at the wind inlet of the wind field is easily disturbed by the powder spreading mechanism, forming turbulence, which is easy to blow the position of the metal powder on the printing format, thereby affecting the powder spreading quality and resulting in poor part molding quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting to solve the above problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting, comprising: a machine body, a workbench arranged in the machine body, a molding cavity arranged above the workbench, a molding cylinder, a powder cylinder and a waste cylinder installed in the workbench, a transmission component installed on the workbench, a first protective cover and a second protective cover symmetrically fixed to the upper surface of the workbench and sleeved on the outside of the transmission component, a filter component arranged on one side of the workbench, an air intake component and an exhaust component respectively installed in the first protective cover and the second protective cover and both connected to the filter component, a powder spreading component fixed on the transmission component, the first protective cover and the second protective cover, and an adjustment component installed on the air intake component and the powder spreading component; The air intake assembly cooperates with the exhaust assembly to form a wind field above the workbench; The filter assembly is suitable for filtering the smoke and metal splashes delivered by the exhaust assembly; The transmission component is suitable for controlling the powder spreading component to perform powder spreading operation; The regulating component is suitable for cooperating with the powder spreading component to adjust the exhaust effect of the exhaust component.

[0007] Furthermore, the air intake assembly includes an upper air intake hood and a lower air intake hood fixed in the first protective cover and connected to the molding cavity, a fan installed on the filter assembly, two branch pipes connected to the upper air intake hood and the lower air intake hood respectively, an air intake duct with one end connected to the air outlet end of the fan and the other end connected to the middle parts of the two branch pipes, two air equalizing plates respectively installed in the upper air intake hood and the lower air intake hood, a plurality of partitions respectively fixed in the upper air intake hood and the lower air intake hood, and a plurality of adjustment plates arranged in the lower air intake hood.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a plurality of rotating rods symmetrically fixed on both ends of the plurality of adjustment plates, a plurality of adjusting gears arranged on one side of the lower air intake hood and fixedly connected to the plurality of rotating rods on one side of the plurality of adjustment plates, a positioning seat fixed on the lower air intake hood, a slider slidably mounted on the positioning seat, a rack fixed on the slider and meshing with the plurality of adjusting gears, a pressure plate fixed on the top of the rack, a return spring fixedly connected to the slider at one end and fixedly connected to the positioning seat at the other end, a positioning rod hinged at the lower end of the positioning seat, a control groove provided on the slider, a heart-shaped stopper fixed in the control groove, a heart-shaped slide groove arranged between the heart-shaped stopper and the control groove, and a pressure block fixed on the powder spreading assembly; Both ends of the pressing block are inclined The other end of the positioning rod is arranged in the heart-shaped slide groove; The plurality of adjustment plates are rotatably connected to the lower air intake cover through the plurality of rotating rods.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly also includes a guide rod fixed to the lower surface of the pressing plate, a guide groove provided on the lower air intake cover, and two auxiliary wheels symmetrically rotatably mounted on the pressing plate; The guide rod is snugly and slidably inserted into the guide groove.

[0010] Further, the exhaust assembly includes an exhaust hood fixed in the second protective cover 33 and connected to the molding cavity, an isolation mesh plate installed on the second protective cover 33, an exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust hood at one end and connected to the filter assembly at the other end; The exhaust hood and the lower air inlet hood opening are arranged opposite to each other and are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0011] Further, the transmission assembly includes a control motor installed on the workbench, two control rods symmetrically rotatably installed in the body, two first transmission gears and a second transmission gear respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the two control rods, two first toothed belts respectively meshed with the two first transmission gears and the two second transmission gears, two control gears respectively fixed on the output end of the control motor and one of the control rods, and a second toothed belt meshed with the two control gears; Two ends of the powder spreading assembly are respectively connected to the two first toothed belts.

[0012] Further, the powder spreading assembly includes a control plate with two ends respectively fixedly connected to the two first toothed belts, two limit rods symmetrically fixed in the body, two limit blocks symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the control plate, a mounting frame mounted at the bottom of the control plate, a powder spreading roller and a scraper arranged on the mounting frame, and two movable grooves respectively opened on the first protective cover and the second protective cover; The pressing block is fixed on the lower surface of the control board; The two ends of the control board are movably arranged in the two movable grooves respectively.

[0013] Further, the filter assembly includes a filter box fixed to one side of the workbench, a high-density filter plate, an activated carbon filter plate and a glass fiber filter plate slidably mounted in the filter box, and a baffle fixedly mounted on the filter box by bolts; The air inlet end of the fan is connected to the lower end of the filter box through a pipeline, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the upper end of the filter box.

[0014] Furthermore, a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective area laser melting also includes a V-shaped guide plate fixed to one end of the mounting frame close to the lower air inlet hood.

[0015] Furthermore, a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective area laser melting also includes a three-axis moving mechanism installed on the top of the machine body, and a laser scanning mechanism installed on the three-axis moving mechanism; The upper air intake hood and the laser scanning mechanism are located on the same plane.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting forms a stable and uniform wind field in the molding cavity through the air intake component and the exhaust component, which effectively cleans the smoke and flying powder generated during the laser melting process, and avoids the wind speed and air volume at different positions of the air intake component being uneven, which affects the cleaning effect of the smoke and flying powder. At the same time, the upper air intake hood and the lower air intake hood in the air intake component cooperate to ensure the absorption of smoke and flying metal powder at different flow rates at the upper and lower ends of the molding cavity, which can greatly improve the degree of suction of smoke residues and flying metal powder, and avoid smoke adhesion affecting the laser effect of the laser scanning mechanism, thereby effectively improving the density of printed parts.

[0017] The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting is provided with an adjustment component. When the transmission component controls the movement of the powder spreading component to spread the powder, the wind volume and wind direction of the exhaust air from the lower air intake hood in the air intake component can be controlled during the powder spreading process, and the wind volume and wind direction of the exhaust air from the air intake hood can be restored after the powder spreading is completed, thereby avoiding the horizontal blowing of the air flow from the lower air intake hood toward the printing format during the powder spreading process. When the powder spreading component passes through the lower air intake hood, it is not easy to cause turbulence in the wind field, blow the metal powder on the printing format, and affect the powder spreading quality of the powder spreading component, thereby effectively improving the quality of the parts after forming. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 The local stereoscopic view of the present invention is shown Figure 1 ; Figure 3 The local stereoscopic view of the present invention is shown Figure 2 ; Figure 4 The local stereoscopic view of the present invention is shown Figure 3 ; Figure 5 A partial exploded view of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A partial cutaway view of the present invention is shown Figure 1 ; Figure 7 A partial cutaway view of the present invention is shown Figure 2 ; Figure 8 The present invention is shown Figure 5 A magnified image of point A; Fig. 9 The local stereoscopic view of the present invention is shown Figure 4 .

[0020] In the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same structural elements, wherein: 1. Machine body; 2. Workbench; 3. Forming cavity; 4. Forming cylinder; 5. Powder cylinder; 6. Waste cylinder; 7. Transmission assembly; 8. Powder spreading assembly; 9. First protective cover; 10. Filter assembly; 11. Air intake assembly; 12. Exhaust assembly; 13. Adjustment assembly; 14. Upper air intake cover; 15. Lower air intake cover; 16. Diverter pipe; 17. Air intake duct; 18. Air equalization plate; 19. Partition plate; 20. Adjustment plate; 21. Rotating rod; 22. Adjustment gear; 23. Positioning seat; 24. Slider; 25. Rack; 26. Pressing plate; 27. Reset spring; 28. Positioning rod; 29. ​​Control groove; 30. Heart-shaped stopper; 31. Heart-shaped slide groove; 32. Pressing block; 33. Second protective cover Protective cover; 34. Guide rod; 35. Guide groove; 36. Auxiliary wheel; 37. Exhaust hood; 38. Isolation mesh plate; 39. Exhaust pipe; 40. Control motor; 41. Control rod; 42. First transmission gear; 43. Second transmission gear; 44. First toothed belt; 45. Control gear; 46. Second toothed belt; 47. Control board; 48. Limit rod; 49. Limit block; 50. Powder roller; 51. Scraper; 52. Filter box; 53. High-density filter plate; 54. Activated carbon filter plate; 55. Glass fiber filter plate; 56. Baffle; 57. V-shaped guide plate; 58. Three-axis moving mechanism; 59. Laser scanning mechanism; 60. Movable slot; 61. Fan; 62. Mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-9As shown, a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting comprises: a machine body 1, a workbench 2 arranged in the machine body 1, a molding cavity 3 arranged above the workbench 2, a molding cylinder 4, a powder cylinder 5 and a waste cylinder 6 installed in the workbench 2, a transmission component 7 installed on the workbench 2, a first protective cover 9 and a second protective cover 33 symmetrically fixed on the upper surface of the workbench 2 and sleeved on the outside of the transmission component 7, a filter component 10 arranged on one side of the workbench 2, an air intake component 11 and an exhaust component 12 respectively installed in the first protective cover 9 and the second protective cover 33 and both connected to the filter component 10, a powder spreading component 8 fixed on the transmission component 7, the first protective cover 9 and the second protective cover 33, and an adjustment component 13 installed on the air intake component 11 and the powder spreading component 8; The air intake assembly 11 cooperates with the exhaust assembly 12 to form a wind field above the workbench 2; The filter assembly 10 is suitable for filtering the smoke and metal splashes delivered by the exhaust assembly 12; The transmission assembly 7 is suitable for controlling the powder spreading assembly 8 to perform powder spreading operation; The regulating component 13 is suitable for cooperating with the powder spreading component 8 to adjust the exhaust effect of the exhaust component 12. When the machine body 1 is working, the air intake component 11 cooperates with the exhaust component 12 to form a stable and uniform wind field in the molding cavity 3, and then when performing ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting, the smoke and dust generated in the laser melting process and the splashing powder can be effectively cleaned up to avoid the wind speed and air volume at different places of the air intake component 11 being uneven, which affects the cleaning effect of the smoke and splashing powder. In addition, the upper air intake hood 14 and the lower air intake hood 15 in the air intake component 11 cooperate to ensure the absorption of smoke and splashing metal powder at different flow rates at the upper and lower ends of the molding cavity 3, which can greatly improve the cleaning of smoke residues and splashing metal powder. the suction degree, thereby effectively improving the density of the printed parts; at the same time, the filter component 10 set can effectively filter and clean the inhaled dust residues and splashed metal powder, thereby ensuring the use effect of the wind field; and when the single-layer powder printing is completed, the transmission component 7 controls the powder spreading component 8 to perform the powder spreading operation, the air volume and wind direction of the lower air inlet hood 15 in the air intake component 11 can be controlled under the control of the adjustment component 13, and the air volume and wind direction of the air exhaust from the air inlet hood can be restored after the powder spreading is completed, thereby avoiding the horizontal airflow blowing to the printing format during powder spreading, and then when the powder spreading component 8 passes through the lower air inlet hood 15, it is not easy to cause turbulence to the wind field, blow the metal powder on the printing format, affect the powder spreading quality of the powder spreading component 8, and effectively improve the quality of the parts after molding.

[0023] Optionally, the air intake assembly 11 includes an upper air intake hood 14 and a lower air intake hood 15 fixed in the first protective cover 9 and connected to the molding cavity 3, a fan 61 installed on the filter assembly 10, two shunt pipes 16 connected to the upper air intake hood 14 and the lower air intake hood 15 respectively, an air intake duct 17 one end of which is connected to the air outlet end of the fan 61 and the other end is connected to the middle parts of the two shunt pipes 16, two air equalizing plates 18 respectively installed in the upper air intake hood 14 and the lower air intake hood 15, a plurality of partitions 19 respectively fixed in the upper air intake hood 14 and the lower air intake hood 15, and a plurality of adjustment plates 20 arranged in the lower air intake hood 15. When the machine body 1 is working, the fan 61 works to control the airflow to be discharged into the upper air intake hood 14 and the lower air intake hood 15 respectively through the air intake duct 17 and the two shunt pipes 16. When blowing into the molding cavity 3, and then cooperating with the exhaust component 12, the air flow entering the molding cavity 3 through the upper air inlet hood 14 and the lower air inlet hood 15 is discharged through the exhaust component to form a wind field in the molding cavity 3, and the two diversion pipes 16 are set to preliminarily divert the air flow transported by the air inlet pipe 17, and then enter the upper air inlet hood 14 and the lower air inlet hood 15. The air equalizing plate 18 set in the upper air inlet hood 14 and the lower air inlet hood 15 can make the air flow entering the upper air inlet hood 14 and the lower air inlet hood 15 be evenly dispersed, and with the cooperation of several partitions 19, the air flow blown out from different positions of the upper air inlet hood 14 and the lower air inlet hood 15 can maintain a relatively consistent and stable flow rate, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the circulating wind field airflow during the printing process of the ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting equipment, and improving the stability of the printing process and the quality of the printed parts.

[0024] Optionally, the adjusting assembly 13 includes a plurality of rotating rods 21 symmetrically fixed on both ends of the plurality of adjusting plates 20, a plurality of adjusting gears 22 arranged on one side of the lower air intake hood 15 and fixedly connected to the plurality of rotating rods 21 on one side of the plurality of adjusting plates 20, a positioning seat 23 fixed on the lower air intake hood 15, a slider 24 slidably mounted on the positioning seat 23, a rack 25 fixed on the slider 24 and meshing with the plurality of adjusting gears 22, a pressing plate 26 fixed on the top of the rack 25, one end of which is fixedly connected to the slider 24 and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the positioning seat 23, a return spring 27, a positioning rod 28 hinged at the lower end of the positioning seat 23, a control groove 29 provided on the slider 24, a heart-shaped stopper 30 fixed in the control groove 29, a heart-shaped slide groove 31 arranged between the heart-shaped stopper 30 and the control groove 29, and a pressing block 32 fixed on the powder spreading assembly 8; Both ends of the pressing block 32 are inclined surfaces; The other end of the positioning rod 28 is disposed in the heart-shaped slide groove 31; The plurality of adjusting plates 20 are rotatably connected with the lower air inlet hood 15 through the plurality of rotating rods 21. When the powder spreading assembly 8 performs the moving powder spreading operation under the control of the transmission assembly 7, the pressing block 32 will be synchronously driven to move. With the cooperation of the two inclined surfaces on the pressing block 32, when the pressing block 32 contacts the pressing plate 26, the pressing block 32 can press the pressing plate 26 to move downward, thereby driving the rack 25 and the sliding block to move downward. The rack 25 can control the rotation of the plurality of adjusting gears 22, thereby driving the plurality of rotating rods 21 to rotate, so that the plurality of adjusting plates 20 rotate, and change the direction and flow rate of the airflow blown out by the lower air inlet hood 15, thereby avoiding that the airflow blown out by the lower air inlet hood 15 collides with the powder spreading assembly 8 to cause airflow turbulence during the powder spreading operation of the powder spreading assembly 8, blows the metal powder on the forming cylinder 4, and affects the powder spreading quality of the powder spreading assembly 8. At the same time, when the slider 24 moves up and down on the positioning seat 23, the return spring 27 will be stretched, and the other end of the positioning rod 28 will move along the heart-shaped slide groove 31 Fig. 9 When the slider 24 moves to the lowest limit position of the positioning seat 23, the other end of the positioning rod 28 will also move to the top of the heart-shaped slide groove 31, and when the pressure block 32 moves away from the pressure plate 26, under the elastic force of the return spring 27, the slider 24 will be controlled to reset. After the slider 24 moves up a certain distance, the other end of the positioning rod 28 will be stuck on the top of the heart-shaped stopper 30, thereby limiting the movement of the slider 24, preventing the rack 25 and the pressure plate 26 from resetting, and maintaining the adjusted state of several adjustment plates 20. When the powder spreading component 8 is reset after completing the powder spreading, the pressure block 32 will press the pressure plate 26 downward again, so that the slider 24 moves down to the limit position, and the other end of the positioning rod 28 will be again in the heart-shaped slide groove 31 along Fig. 9 The arrows shown in the figure move, and then after the pressing block 32 is separated from the pressing plate 26, the slider 24 is reset under the elastic force of the reset spring 27, and the control rack 25 and the pressing plate 26 are reset, and then the several adjustment plates 20 are reset to form a stable wind field, and normal smoke and dust splash cleaning is performed during laser melting. In the powder spreading process of the powder spreading component 8, the positioning rod 28 will move along the Fig. 9 The marking arrow shown completes one slide in the heart-shaped slide groove 31 .

[0025] Optionally, the adjustment assembly 13 further includes a guide rod 34 fixed to the lower surface of the pressing plate 26, a guide groove 35 provided on the lower air intake cover 15, and two auxiliary wheels 36 symmetrically rotatably mounted on the pressing plate 26; The guide rod 34 is slidably inserted in the guide groove 35. When the pressure plate 26 is pressed toward each other, the guide rod 34 can move in the guide groove 35, thereby guiding and limiting the movement of the pressure plate 26, effectively improving the stability of the pressure plate 26 during movement, and avoiding affecting the control of the rack 25 on the several adjusting gears 22. At the same time, when the pressure block 32 contacts and presses the pressure plate 26, with the cooperation of the two auxiliary wheels 36, the wear caused by the contact between the pressure block 32 and the pressure plate 26 can be reduced, and the smoothness of the pressure block 32 pressing the pressure plate 26 can be ensured.

[0026] Optionally, the exhaust assembly 12 includes an exhaust hood 37 fixed in the second protective cover 33 and connected to the molding cavity 3, an isolation mesh plate 38 installed on the second protective cover 33, an exhaust pipe 39 connected to the exhaust hood 37 at one end and connected to the filter assembly 10 at the other end; The exhaust hood 37 and the lower air intake hood 15 are arranged opposite to each other and are located on the same horizontal plane. When the air intake component 11 is working, negative pressure is generated in the filter component 10, thereby controlling the operation of the exhaust component 12, so that smoke and powder splashes during the laser melting process can be sucked into the exhaust hood 37 and transported to the filter component 10 through the exhaust pipe 39 for treatment. When the parts are formed and the air intake component 11 and the exhaust component 12 are closed, the isolation mesh plate 38 is set to prevent waste powder from falling into the exhaust hood 37 after the parts are formed, thereby affecting the formation of the wind field.

[0027] Optionally, the transmission assembly 7 includes a control motor 40 installed on the workbench 2, two control rods 41 symmetrically rotated and installed in the body 1, two first transmission gears 42 and second transmission gears 43 respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the two control rods 41, two first toothed belts 44 respectively meshed and sleeved on the two first transmission gears 42 and the two second transmission gears 43, two control gears 45 respectively fixed on the output end of the control motor 40 and one of the control rods 41, and a second toothed belt 46 meshed and sleeved on the two control gears 45; The two ends of the powder spreading component 8 are respectively connected to the two first toothed belts 44. When working, the control motor 40 works to drive one of the control gears 45 to rotate, and then with the cooperation of the second toothed belt 46, it meshes and transmits another control gear 45, and then drives one of the control rods 41 to rotate. At this time, the first transmission gear 42 and the second transmission gear 43 on the control rod 41 can be rotated at the same time, and with the cooperation of the two first toothed belts 44, the other control rod 41 and the first transmission gear 42 and the second transmission gear 43 thereon are meshed and transmitted, so that the two first toothed belts 44 are driven by the two first transmission gears 42 and the second transmission gear 43, and the powder spreading component 8 can be controlled to perform powder spreading operation.

[0028] Optionally, the powder spreading assembly 8 includes a control plate 47 whose two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two first toothed belts 44, two limit rods 48 symmetrically fixed in the body 1, two limit blocks 49 movably mounted on the two limit rods 48 and symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the control plate 47, a mounting frame 62 mounted on the bottom of the control plate 47, a powder spreading roller 50 and a scraper 51 arranged on the mounting frame 62, and two movable grooves 60 respectively opened on the first protective cover 9 and the second protective cover 33; The pressing block 32 is fixed on the lower surface of the control board 47; The two ends of the control plate 47 are movably arranged in the two movable grooves 60 respectively. After a layer of metal powder is melt-formed, the control plate 47 is controlled to move under the operation of the transmission component 7, so that the powder spreading roller 50 and the scraper 51 spread the metal powder in the powder cylinder 5 in the forming cylinder 4. The limit block 49 and the limit rod 48 are arranged to ensure the stability of the powder spreading roller 50 and the scraper 51 during movement, thereby ensuring the powder spreading quality, and at the same time ensuring the stability of the movement of the pressure plate 26, thereby ensuring the control and adjustment effect of the adjustment component 13 on the lower air intake hood 15.

[0029] Optionally, the filter assembly 10 includes a filter box 52 fixed to one side of the workbench 2, a high-density filter plate 53, an activated carbon filter plate 54 and a glass fiber filter plate 55 slidably mounted in the filter box 52, and a baffle 56 fixedly mounted on the filter box 52 by bolts; The air inlet end of the fan 61 is connected to the lower end of the filter box 52 through a pipeline, and the exhaust pipe 39 is connected to the upper end of the filter box 52. When the workpiece is printed, under the control of the wind field of the air inlet component 11 and the exhaust component 12, the smoke and splashing particles generated during the laser melting process are transported to the filter box 52 through the exhaust component 12. The activated carbon filter plate 54, the glass fiber filter plate 55, and the high-density filter plate 53 can effectively treat the exhaust gas, remove the harmful substances therein, and discharge clean air to prevent the circulating airflow discharged from the air inlet component 11 from affecting the normal printing operation. At the same time, the baffle 56 can be disassembled and assembled by turning a number of bolts, and then the high-density filter plate 53, the activated carbon filter plate 54 and the glass fiber filter plate 55 can be quickly removed and replaced.

[0030] Optionally, a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting also includes a V-shaped guide plate 57 fixed on the mounting frame 62 near one end of the lower air inlet hood 15. After the powder spreading component 8 performs the powder spreading operation and controls the wind direction and wind force of the lower air inlet hood 15 to change, the wind blown into the molding cavity 3 can be divided by the V-shaped guide plate 57, so that the wind blown into the molding cavity 3 will not be turbulent when it blows to the powder spreading component 8, blowing the metal powder laid on the printing surface, further avoiding affecting the powder spreading quality of the metal powder by the powder spreading component 8.

[0031] Optionally, a wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting further includes a three-axis moving mechanism 58 installed on the top of the machine body 1, and a laser scanning mechanism 59 installed on the three-axis moving mechanism 58; The upper air intake hood 14 and the laser scanning mechanism 59 are located on the same plane, wherein the three-axis moving mechanism 58 is a common structure for horizontal movement of objects, usually composed of three mutually perpendicular axes, each axis can move independently, so that the precise position and posture adjustment of the laser scanning mechanism 59 in three-dimensional space can be achieved, and the laser scanning mechanism 59 is mainly composed of a two-axis scanning galvanometer and a lens, so as to focus the laser beam on the working plane to scan and melt the metal powder; When the three-axis moving mechanism 58 drives the laser scanning mechanism 59 to melt and mold the metal powder in the molding cylinder 4, the airflow entering the molding cavity 3 through the upper air intake hood 14 can effectively clean the smoke and dust residues on the upper side of the molding cavity 3 to avoid affecting the normal operation of the laser scanning mechanism 59.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting, characterized in that: include: A machine body (1), a workbench (2) arranged in the machine body (1), a molding cavity (3) arranged above the workbench (2), a molding cylinder (4), a powder cylinder (5) and a waste cylinder (6) installed in the workbench (2), a transmission component (7) installed on the workbench (2), a first protective cover (9) and a second protective cover (33) symmetrically fixed to the upper surface of the workbench (2) and sleeved on the outside of the transmission component (7), a filter component (10) arranged on one side of the workbench (2), an air intake component (11) and an exhaust component (12) respectively installed in the first protective cover (9) and the second protective cover (33) and both connected to the filter component (10), a powder spreading component (8) fixed on the transmission component (7), the first protective cover (9) and the second protective cover (33), and an adjustment component (13) installed on the air intake component (11) and the powder spreading component (8); The air intake assembly (11) cooperates with the air exhaust assembly (12) and is suitable for forming a wind field above the workbench (2); The filter component (10) is suitable for filtering the smoke and metal splashes delivered by the exhaust component (12); The transmission component (7) is suitable for controlling the powder spreading component (8) to perform a powder spreading operation; The regulating component (13) is suitable for cooperating with the operation of the powder spreading component (8) to regulate the exhaust effect of the exhaust component (12).

2. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake assembly (11) comprises an upper air intake hood (14) and a lower air intake hood (15) fixed in a first protective cover (9) and connected to the molding cavity (3), a fan (61) mounted on the filter assembly (10), two branch pipes (16) respectively connected to the upper air intake hood (14) and the lower air intake hood (15), an air intake duct (17) one end of which is connected to the air outlet end of the fan (61) and the other end of which is connected to the middle of the two branch pipes (16), two air equalizing plates (18) respectively mounted in the upper air intake hood (14) and the lower air intake hood (15), a plurality of partition plates (19) respectively fixed in the upper air intake hood (14) and the lower air intake hood (15), and a plurality of adjustment plates (20) arranged in the lower air intake hood (15).

3. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (13) comprises a plurality of rotating rods (21) symmetrically fixed to the two ends of the plurality of adjustment plates (20), a plurality of adjustment gears (22) arranged on one side of the lower air intake cover (15) and fixedly connected to the plurality of rotating rods (21) on one side of the plurality of adjustment plates (20), a positioning seat (23) fixed on the lower air intake cover (15), a slider (24) slidably mounted on the positioning seat (23), a rack (25) fixed on the slider (24) and meshing with the plurality of adjustment gears (22), and a fixed A pressure plate (26) fixed on the top of the rack (25), a return spring (27) having one end fixedly connected to the slider (24) and the other end fixedly connected to the positioning seat (23), a positioning rod (28) hinged to the lower end of the positioning seat (23), a control groove (29) provided on the slider (24), a heart-shaped stopper (30) fixed in the control groove (29), a heart-shaped slide groove (31) provided between the heart-shaped stopper (30) and the control groove (29), and a pressure block (32) fixed on the powder spreading assembly (8); Both ends of the pressing block (32) are inclined surfaces; The other end of the positioning rod (28) is arranged in the heart-shaped sliding groove (31); The plurality of adjustment plates (20) are rotatably connected to the lower air intake cover (15) via the plurality of rotating rods (21).

4. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (13) further comprises a guide rod (34) fixed to the lower surface of the pressure plate (26), a guide groove (35) provided on the lower air intake cover (15), and two auxiliary wheels (36) symmetrically rotatably mounted on the pressure plate (26); The guide rod (34) is snugly and slidably inserted into the guide groove (35).

5. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (12) comprises an exhaust hood (37) fixed in the second protective hood (33) and connected to the molding cavity (3), an isolation mesh plate (38) mounted on the second protective hood (33), and an exhaust pipe (39) having one end connected to the exhaust hood (37) and the other end connected to the filter assembly (10); The exhaust hood (37) and the opening of the lower air inlet hood (15) are arranged opposite to each other and are located on the same horizontal plane.

6. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (7) comprises a control motor (40) mounted on the workbench (2), two control rods (41) symmetrically mounted in the machine body (1), two first transmission gears (42) and a second transmission gear (43) respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the two control rods (41), two first toothed belts (44) respectively meshed with the two first transmission gears (42) and the two second transmission gears (43), two control gears (45) respectively fixed to the output end of the control motor (40) and one of the control rods (41), and a second toothed belt (46) meshed with the two control gears (45); Both ends of the powder spreading assembly (8) are respectively connected to the two first toothed belts (44).

7. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The powder spreading assembly (8) comprises a control plate (47) whose two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two first toothed belts (44), two limit rods (48) symmetrically fixed in the machine body (1), two limit blocks (49) movably mounted on the two limit rods (48) and symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the control plate (47), a mounting frame (62) mounted on the bottom of the control plate (47), a powder spreading roller (50) and a scraper (51) arranged on the mounting frame (62), and two movable grooves (60) respectively opened on the first protective cover (9) and the second protective cover (33); The pressing block (32) is fixed on the lower surface of the control plate (47); Both ends of the control plate (47) are movably disposed in the two movable grooves (60) respectively.

8. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter assembly (10) comprises a filter box (52) fixed to one side of the workbench (2), a high-density filter plate (53), an activated carbon filter plate (54) and a glass fiber filter plate (55) slidably mounted in the filter box (52), and a baffle (56) fixedly mounted on the filter box (52) by bolts; The air inlet end of the fan (61) is connected to the lower end of the filter box (52) through a pipeline, and the exhaust pipe (39) is connected to the upper end of the filter box (52).

9. The wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective laser melting according to claim 7, characterized in that: A wind field control device for ultra-thick layer selective area laser melting also includes a V-shaped guide plate (57) fixed to one end of the mounting frame (62) close to the lower air inlet hood (15).

10. The wind field control device for ultra-thick layer selective laser melting according to claim 2, characterized in that: A wind field control device for ultra-large layer thickness selective area laser melting further comprises a three-axis moving mechanism (58) mounted on the top of the machine body (1), and a laser scanning mechanism (59) mounted on the three-axis moving mechanism (58); The upper air intake hood (14) and the laser scanning mechanism (59) are located on the same plane.

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