Preparation process of waterproof flame-retardant polyester fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of polyester fabrics, and particularly discloses a preparation process of a waterproof flame-retardant polyester fabric. The preparation process of the waterproof flame-retardant polyester fabric comprises the steps that the polyester fabric is cleaned and dried, a waterproof agent, a flame retardant and a cross-linking agent are mixed to obtain finishing liquid, and the mass ratio of the waterproof agent to the flame retardant to the cross-linking agent is (10-20): (5-15): (1-5); dipping the dried polyester fabric in the prepared finishing liquid, and standing at room temperature for 12-16 hours; and carrying out vacuum drying on the impregnated fabric at 40-50 DEG C, and carrying out high-temperature setting at 150-180 DEG C after drying to obtain the waterproof flame-retardant polyester fabric. According to the preparation process of the waterproof flame-retardant polyester fabric, the problem that a traditional polyester fabric is insufficient in waterproof and flame-retardant performance is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of polyester fabrics, and more specifically, to a preparation process of waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabrics. Background Art

[0002] As a synthetic fiber, polyester (polyester fiber) has been widely used in many fields due to its excellent performance. The main advantage of polyester fabric lies in the stability of its physical properties. First of all, polyester has strong wear resistance and is not easy to wear during use. Secondly, polyester fiber has good wrinkle resistance and can maintain a smooth appearance even after frequent use or washing. In addition, polyester fabric has strong elastic recovery ability and is not easy to deform, which enables it to maintain good performance under various complex use conditions.

[0003] Although polyester fabrics have many advantages, they have obvious shortcomings in terms of waterproof and flame retardant properties. Polyester fibers themselves do not have natural waterproof properties, and water can easily penetrate the fiber structure, which limits the use of fabrics in humid environments. At the same time, polyester fibers also have poor flame retardant properties and are easy to burn when exposed to fire, which cannot meet the requirements in some occasions where fire safety is required. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that traditional polyester fabrics have insufficient waterproof and flame retardant properties, the present application provides a preparation process of waterproof and flame retardant polyester fabrics.

[0005] The present application provides a preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric using the following technical solution: A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric comprises the following steps: The polyester fabric is washed and dried, and a waterproofing agent, a flame retardant and a cross-linking agent are mixed to obtain a finishing liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the waterproofing agent, the flame retardant and the cross-linking agent is (10-20):(5-15):(1-5); Immerse the dried polyester fabric in the prepared finishing solution and leave it at room temperature for 12-16 hours; The impregnated fabric is vacuum dried at 40-50°C, and after drying, it is high-temperature shaped at 150-180°C to obtain a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, a specific proportion of waterproofing agent is introduced into the polyester fabric to form a dense hydrophobic layer on the surface of the fabric, which effectively prevents the penetration of water. After high-temperature shaping, the waterproof layer structure is stable, ensuring that the fabric can still maintain good waterproof performance under various environmental conditions. The addition of flame retardant significantly improves the flame retardant performance of polyester fabric. Flame retardant will decompose and form a flame retardant barrier under high temperature conditions, slowing down the spread of flames and inhibiting the release of harmful gases and smoke. Ultimately, the fabric exhibits excellent flame retardant properties when encountering fire, reducing the risk of fire. The cross-linking agent forms a stable cross-linking structure between the waterproofing agent and the flame retardant molecules, making the waterproof and flame retardant functions of the fabric more durable. During the process, the polyester fabric is washed and dried to ensure the cleanliness of the fabric surface, which helps to improve the penetration and adhesion effect of the finishing liquid. After impregnation, it is left to stand at room temperature for 12-16 hours to allow the active ingredients in the finishing liquid to fully penetrate into the polyester fiber, ensuring that the waterproof and flame retardant properties are evenly distributed. The process steps of vacuum drying and high temperature shaping can not only thoroughly dry the polyester fabric, but also further promote the curing reaction of waterproof and flame retardant agents, and stabilize the surface modification effect of the fabric. This process ensures that the polyester fabric has excellent waterproof and flame retardant properties while maintaining good mechanical strength and softness, and is suitable for use in a variety of occasions and environments by precisely controlling the ratio of waterproof agent, flame retardant, and cross-linking agent, and optimizing the process steps such as impregnation, drying, and shaping.

[0007] Optionally, the waterproofing agent includes 60-70% C6 fluorocarbon compound, 20-30% silicone emulsion, 5-10% graphene nanosheets, and 5-10% water-based polyurethane.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, C6 fluorocarbon compounds are used as the main waterproofing agent with excellent hydrophobicity. Fluorocarbon chains can form a dense waterproof barrier on the surface of polyester fabrics, significantly reduce the surface tension of water, and prevent the diffusion and penetration of water on the fiber surface. Compared with traditional C8 fluorocarbon compounds, C6 fluorocarbon compounds have environmental advantages in reducing perfluorinated compounds (PFAS) pollution while still providing a strong waterproof effect. Silicone emulsions can give polyester fabrics good flexibility and breathability, avoiding the problem of fabric hardening that may be caused by traditional waterproofing agents. In addition, the hydrophobicity of silicone further enhances the waterproof performance of the fabric, making it easy for water droplets to roll off the surface of the fabric. The synergistic effect of silicone emulsions and C6 fluorocarbon compounds improves the stability and durability of the waterproof layer. Graphene nanosheets give polyester fabrics a certain degree of thermal stability, which helps to improve the overall durability of the fabric. As a polymer material, water-based polyurethane can form a flexible and highly adhesive protective film on the surface of polyester fabrics, enhancing the bonding force between the waterproofing agent and the fiber. Water-based polyurethane also improves the washability of the waterproof layer, allowing the fabric to maintain good waterproof effect after multiple washings.

[0009] Optionally, the flame retardant includes 40-50% of organic phosphate, 20-30% of diammonium phosphate, 10-15% of nanoclay, and 10-15% of sorbitol.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, organic phosphate is the main flame retardant component, which plays the role of heat insulation, oxygen barrier and combustion inhibition by decomposing to generate phosphoric acid and carbonized layer during the combustion process. This chemical reaction slows down the spread of flames and effectively improves the flame retardant properties of polyester fabrics. Organic phosphate produces less smoke and toxicity during combustion, which is safer and more environmentally friendly than traditional flame retardants and is suitable for use in a variety of applications. Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate decomposes at high temperatures to generate non-combustible gas and phosphoric acid substances, which can effectively dilute the combustible gas produced by combustion and form a protective layer on the fiber surface to further prevent the spread of flames. The use of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in combination with organic phosphate can enhance the flame retardant effect and form a more stable flame retardant system. Nanoclay increases the thermal stability and mechanical strength of the material by dispersing in polyester fabrics to form a barrier layer. Its lamellar structure can form a physical barrier on the surface of the fabric during combustion, preventing the transfer of heat and oxygen and delaying the thermal decomposition process of the fabric. Nanoclay can also enhance the adhesion between fabric layers, so that the flame retardant is more evenly distributed on the fiber surface, ensuring the consistency and stability of flame retardant properties. Sorbitol decomposes and expands at high temperatures, forming a thick carbonized layer that covers the surface of the fabric. Through the synergistic combination of organic phosphates, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, nanoclay and sorbitol, the flame retardant provided in this application can provide excellent flame retardant protection for polyester fabrics. Each component plays a role of physical barrier, chemical inhibition and thermal isolation during the combustion process, thereby significantly improving the fire resistance, thermal stability and overall safety performance of polyester fabrics.

[0011] Optionally, the cross-linking agent is bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether molecule contains two epoxy groups, which can react with active hydrogen in a variety of matrices under appropriate conditions to form a dense cross-linked network structure. The cross-linking effect of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether improves the adhesion of polyester fabrics and other functional coatings (such as waterproofing agents or flame retardants), ensuring that these coatings are evenly distributed on the fabric and are not easy to fall off. The cross-linked polyester fabric has higher wear resistance and washability, and can maintain excellent functionality after multiple washings.

[0013] Optionally, alginate needs to be added during the immersion process, and the amount of alginate added is 5-15% of the weight of the finishing liquid.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, alginate has good thickening ability and can increase the viscosity of the finishing liquid, thereby improving the adhesion and uniformity of the finishing liquid on the polyester fabric. This allows other functional components in the finishing liquid (such as flame retardants, cross-linking agents, etc.) to be more evenly distributed on the surface of the fabric. Alginate can form a stable colloidal solution in the finishing liquid to prevent the precipitation or stratification of other components, ensuring the stability of the finishing liquid during storage and use. Alginate can improve the feel of the treated fabric and avoid the hardening or roughening of the fabric due to the use of other finishing agents. The use of alginate can keep the fabric soft and comfortable, thereby improving the wearing experience. Alginate has good hygroscopicity and can form a hydrophilic protective film on the surface of the polyester fabric, increasing the hygroscopicity and breathability of the fabric, and is suitable for various clothing and home textile applications.

[0015] Optionally, after the high-temperature shaping, the polyester fabric needs to be immersed in the finishing liquid for a second time, the immersion time is 30-60 minutes, and after the second immersion is completed, high-temperature shaping is performed at 120-150°C.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the secondary impregnation after high temperature setting allows the functional components in the finishing liquid to penetrate deeper into the polyester fiber, ensuring a stronger bond of the functional finishing agent on the fiber, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the fabric. The secondary impregnation provides an opportunity to apply the finishing agent again, so that the finishing agent can be more evenly and fully distributed on the surface and inside of the fabric, forming a double protective layer.

[0017] Optionally, the polyester fabric needs to be subjected to the following treatments before impregnation: Place the polyester fabric under ultraviolet light for 10-30 minutes, using a 250-280nm light source, an irradiation distance of 10-30cm, and a light intensity of 5-15mW / cm 2 .

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, ultraviolet light irradiation will cause a photochemical reaction of the polyester molecular chain, thereby increasing the activity of the fabric surface. This increased surface energy enables the fabric to better absorb the functional components in the finishing liquid during the subsequent impregnation process, thereby improving the finishing effect. Ultraviolet light irradiation can micro-modify the surface of the polyester fabric and increase its micro-roughness. This increase in roughness helps to improve the diffusion and penetration of the finishing liquid on the fabric surface, allowing the finishing liquid to be more evenly distributed on the fabric, thereby improving the impregnation effect.

[0019] Optionally, a layer of hydrogen peroxide solution with a mass concentration of 4-8% is coated on the surface of the polyester fabric.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, adding hydrogen peroxide during the treatment process can enhance the photocatalytic effect of ultraviolet light and promote surface reaction. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution is moderate, which can provide sufficient oxidation capacity without excessively damaging the polyester surface.

[0021] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. After washing and drying the polyester fabric, the present application mixes the waterproof agent, flame retardant and cross-linking agent in a specific proportion into a finishing liquid, and impregnates the fabric, and then vacuum-dries and high-temperature sets it after standing for 12-16 hours, and finally obtains a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric. The dense hydrophobic layer formed by the waterproof agent effectively prevents water penetration, and high-temperature setting enhances its stability; the flame retardant generates a flame-retardant barrier at high temperature, delays the spread of flames and inhibits the release of harmful gases; the cross-linking structure constructed by the cross-linking agent ensures that the waterproof and flame-retardant properties are durable. This process ensures that the fabric has excellent waterproof and flame-retardant properties while maintaining good mechanical strength and softness.

[0022] 2. In the present application, 5-15% of the weight of the finishing liquid is preferably added during the impregnation process to increase the viscosity of the finishing liquid, thereby improving its adhesion and uniformity on the polyester fabric. The stable colloidal solution formed by alginate prevents other components in the finishing liquid from precipitating or stratifying, ensuring its stability. In addition, alginate improves the feel of the treated fabric, maintains softness and comfort, and increases the hygroscopicity and breathability of the fabric, thereby improving its application effect in clothing and home textiles.

[0023] 3. In the present application, it is preferred to irradiate the polyester fabric with ultraviolet light for 10-30 minutes before impregnation, which can increase the activity and micro-roughness of the fabric surface through photochemical reaction. This treatment increases the surface energy of the fabric, allowing it to more effectively absorb the functional components in the finishing liquid during the subsequent impregnation process, improve the diffusion and penetration of the finishing liquid, and thus improve the uniformity and overall performance of the finishing effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It is particularly noted that if no specific conditions are specified in the following examples, the experiments are carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples can be obtained from common commercial sources. Example

[0025] Example 1 A preparation process of waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: Place the original polyester fabric into the cleaning equipment and use water and detergent to thoroughly clean the fabric to remove oil, dust and other impurities on the surface of the fabric that may affect subsequent processing.

[0026] The cleaned polyester surface is dried in a dryer with the drying temperature set at 80°C until the fabric is completely dry.

[0027] The finishing liquid is a mixture of 15kg waterproofing agent, 10kg flame retardant and 3kg cross-linking agent. The waterproofing agent is composed of 65% DuPont C6 fluorocarbon compound, 25% Xumei Chemical T676 silicone emulsion, 5% graphene nanosheets, and 5% McLean A909856 water-based polyurethane. The flame retardant is composed of 45% tributyl phosphate, 25% diammonium phosphate, 15% nanoclay, and 15% sorbitol. The cross-linking agent is bisphenol A diglycidyl ether. Add the prepared finishing liquid to the mixing tank, stir it thoroughly to mix it evenly, and completely immerse the dried polyester fabric in the pre-prepared finishing liquid to ensure that the fabric is completely soaked in the finishing liquid and let it stand for 14 hours.

[0028] The impregnated polyester fabric needs to be vacuum dried at a temperature of 45°C. After drying, the fabric needs to be shaped at a high temperature of 160°C for 5 minutes. Through heat treatment, the waterproof layer and flame retardant form a stable structure on the surface of the fabric, and after shaping, a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric is obtained.

[0029] Example 2 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that the finishing liquid is mixed with 10 kg of a waterproofing agent, 15 kg of a flame retardant and 5 kg of a cross-linking agent.

[0030] Example 3 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that the finishing liquid is mixed with 20 kg of waterproofing agent, 5 kg of flame retardant and 1 kg of cross-linking agent.

[0031] Example 4 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that 3 kg of alginate needs to be added to the finishing liquid during the impregnation process.

[0032] Example 5 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that 1.4 kg of alginate needs to be added to the finishing liquid during the impregnation process.

[0033] Example 6 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that 4.2 kg of alginate needs to be added to the finishing liquid during the impregnation process.

[0034] Example 7 A preparation process of waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that after high-temperature shaping, the polyester fabric needs to be immersed in the finishing liquid for a second time, the immersion time is 45 minutes, and after the second immersion is completed, high-temperature shaping is performed at 140°C for 5 minutes.

[0035] Example 8 A preparation process of waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that the polyester fabric is placed under ultraviolet light for 20 minutes before impregnation, using a 270nm light source, an irradiation distance of 20cm, and a light intensity of 10mW / cm 2 .

[0036] Example 9 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that before the polyester fabric is impregnated, a layer of hydrogen peroxide solution with a mass concentration of 6% is first coated on the surface of the polyester fabric, and the polyester fabric is placed under ultraviolet light for 20 minutes, using a 270nm light source, an irradiation distance of 20cm, and a light intensity of 10mW / cm 2 .

[0037] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 1 is that the finishing liquid is mixed with 5 kg of waterproof agent, 5 kg of flame retardant and 5 kg of cross-linking agent.

[0038] Comparative Example 2 A preparation process of waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 9 is that a 320nm light source is used.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric: The difference from Example 9 is that the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 10%.

[0040] Performance testing Detection Methods The waterproofness of the embodiments of the present application was tested according to the evaluation standard of GB / T 40910-2021 for waterproof and moisture permeability of textiles.

[0041] According to GB17591-2006 "Flame Retardant Fabrics" standard, the flame retardant properties are evaluated using the experimental method specified in GB / T5455.

[0042] Table 1 Test data It can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 and Table 1 that the process ensures that the polyester fabric has excellent waterproof and flame retardant properties by precisely controlling the ratio of the waterproofing agent, the flame retardant, and the cross-linking agent, and optimizing the process steps of impregnation, drying, and shaping.

[0043] Combining Example 9 and Comparative Examples 1-2 with Table 1, it can be seen that using a 250-280nm light source for ultraviolet irradiation treatment can achieve better results, and the concentration of 4-8% hydrogen peroxide solution is moderate, which can provide sufficient oxidizing ability without excessively damaging the polyester surface.

[0044] It can be seen from Examples 4-6 and Table 1 that alginate has good thickening ability and can increase the viscosity of the finishing liquid, thereby improving the adhesion and uniformity of the finishing liquid on the polyester fabric. This allows other functional components in the finishing liquid (such as flame retardants, crosslinking agents, etc.) to be more evenly distributed on the surface of the fabric.

[0045] It can be seen from Examples 7-9 and Table 1 that the secondary impregnation after high temperature setting allows the functional components in the finishing solution to penetrate deeper into the polyester fiber, ensuring a stronger bond of the functional finishing agent on the fiber, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the fabric. Ultraviolet light irradiation can micro-modify the surface of the polyester fabric and increase the micro-roughness of its surface. This increase in roughness helps to improve the diffusion and penetration of the finishing solution on the fabric surface, allowing the finishing solution to be more evenly distributed on the fabric, thereby improving the impregnation effect. Adding hydrogen peroxide during the treatment process can enhance the photocatalytic effect of ultraviolet light and promote surface reactions.

[0046] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A preparation process of a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The polyester fabric is washed and dried, and a waterproofing agent, a flame retardant and a cross-linking agent are mixed to obtain a finishing liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the waterproofing agent, the flame retardant and the cross-linking agent is (10-20):(5-15):(1-5); Immerse the dried polyester fabric in the prepared finishing solution and leave it at room temperature for 12-16 hours; The impregnated fabric is vacuum dried at 40-50°C, and after drying, it is high-temperature shaped at 150-180°C to obtain a waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric.

2. The preparation process of the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproofing agent comprises 60-70% of C6 fluorocarbon compound, 20-30% of silicone emulsion, 5-10% of graphene nanosheets, and 5-10% of waterborne polyurethane.

3. The preparation process of the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant comprises 40-50% of organic phosphate, 20-30% of diammonium phosphate, 10-15% of nano clay and 10-15% of sorbitol.

4. The preparation process of the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent is bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

5. The preparation process of the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the impregnation process, alginate needs to be added, and the amount of alginate added is 5-15% of the weight of the finishing liquid.

6. The preparation process of the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the high-temperature shaping, the polyester fabric needs to be immersed in the finishing liquid for a second time, the immersion time is 30-60 minutes, and after the second immersion is completed, the high-temperature shaping is performed at 120-150°C.

7. The preparation process of the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyester fabric also needs to be treated as follows before impregnation: Place the polyester fabric under ultraviolet light for 10-30 minutes, using a 250-280nm light source, an irradiation distance of 10-30cm, and a light intensity of 5-15mW / cm 2 .

8. The process for preparing the waterproof and flame-retardant polyester fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: A layer of hydrogen peroxide solution with a mass concentration of 4-8% is coated on the surface of the polyester fabric.

Images