Self-control ascending and descending sensing plunger capable of opening well to fall
By designing a self-controlled upstream and downstream perception plunger, using gas thrust and motor control to achieve bottom-hole flow pressure and temperature testing, it solves the problems of cumbersome work and inaccurate testing, and achieves efficient and low-cost bottom-hole condition monitoring.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411727653.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
When the gas well reaches the middle and late stage, it is necessary to frequently monitor the downhole liquid level, pressure and temperature when the gas well reaches the middle and late stages. However, traditional steel wire operations are cumbersome and costly, and it is impossible to achieve accurate tests of bottom-hole flow pressure and temperature, and it is impossible to control up and down tests.
An automatic up-down and down-tour perceived plunger is designed. The upper and lower regularizers and flow channel structures use gas thrust to sense the self-controlled drop and upstream of the plunger, and combined with the motor-controlled switch valve to achieve flow pressure and temperature testing.
It realizes automatic up-down tests of bottom-hole flow pressure and temperature, reduces labor intensity, improves testing efficiency, and has a simple structure, convenient installation and low cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN119288324A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield gas well instrument testing, and in particular to a self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling. Background Art
[0002] When the gas well reaches the middle and late stages, the water output increases, and it is necessary to drain water to produce gas to improve the recovery rate. It is necessary to monitor the underground liquid level, pressure and temperature from time to time, and grasp the law of gas well liquid accumulation and production dynamics in real time. It provides a basis for analyzing the relevant changes in the production layer, accurately formulating the mining system, and realizing refined mining. The depth of each well is different, about (2000-4000) meters. At present, it is tested by using a traditional steel wire operation to lower the pressure gauge underground. The existing technology has the following deficiencies and needs further improvement.
[0003] a) Due to the use of steel wire operation, a test vehicle and installation of blowout prevention devices are required, which requires the cooperation of at least 5 people to complete. The operation is troublesome, easy to get stuck in the well, and the cost is high; b) The well cannot be opened for automatic up and down testing. The airflow during opening the well will hold up the pressure gauge and prevent it from falling. If the counterweight is added, the instrument will be too long and easily get stuck in the well; c) Only the static pressure and temperature of the shut-in well can be measured. The measured data have certain limitations. The flow pressure and temperature are required in the actual analysis process, so it cannot accurately reflect the changes in the production layer. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a self-controlled up and down sensing plunger that can open a well and fall, which has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has low cost, and can realize self-controlled up and down testing of bottom hole flow pressure and temperature in the well opening state.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a self-controlled up and down sensing plunger that can open a well and fall, including a sensing plunger, the upper end of the sensing plunger is connected to an upper stabilizer, the lower end is connected to a lower centralizer, the upper centralizer is connected to an upper buffer, and the lower centralizer is connected to a lower buffer; a sliding sleeve is provided in the upper centralizer, and the upper buffer slides in the sliding sleeve.
[0006] Four upper centralizing plates are evenly distributed at the rear end of the upper centralizer, and an upper flow channel for gas to pass through is formed between the upper centralizing plates. Two switch valves for opening and closing the upper flow channel are installed in the upper centralizer. The switch valve is connected to the front end of the valve stem, and the rear end of the valve stem is connected to the motor output shaft. The front end of the upper centralizer is a sliding sleeve.
[0007] The two switch valves are installed at 90°.
[0008] The sliding sleeve is provided with a cavity, an upper connecting rod of the upper buffer is inserted into the sliding sleeve cavity, and an upper buffer spring is sleeved on the upper connecting rod.
[0009] The lower centralizer has a cavity in it, the lower connecting rod of the lower buffer is inserted into the cavity, and the lower connecting rod is sleeved with a lower buffer spring.
[0010] Six lower centralizing plates are evenly distributed on the lower centralizing device, and a lower flow channel for gas to pass through is formed between the lower centralizing plates.
[0011] The sensing plunger is composed of a battery short section, a collection short section, a pressure and temperature test short section and an electric control short section in sequence.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the structure of the present invention can control the flow channel of the upper and lower centralizers, and use the gas thrust of the gas well to push the sensing plunger upward to the wellhead, which is convenient for the placement and fishing of the sensing plunger. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: a) By controlling the size of the gas flow channel, the system can sense the plunger's opening and falling, automatically control its up and down movement, and test the flow pressure and temperature. This solves the problem that the instrument can only measure the bottom static pressure and temperature by shutting in the well and performing wireline operation, but cannot perform flow pressure and temperature tests.
[0013] b) The overall structure is simple, easy to install and low cost.
[0014] c) Automatic up and down test replaces the traditional wire operation, reduces labor intensity and improves test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower centralizer; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram of the upper centralizer after removing the switch valve in the middle AA direction; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The structure diagram of the upper centralizer after removing the switch valve in the middle BB direction; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation of the middle AA switch valve and the upper centralizer; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Installation diagram of the middle BB switch valve and upper centralizer; Figure 7 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA-direction switch valve in the open state; Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB-direction switch valve in the open state; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the switch valve closed state.
[0017] In the figure: 1-lower buffer, 2-lower centralizer, 3-battery short section, 4-collection short section, 5-pressure and temperature test short section, 6-electric control short section, 7-upper centralizer, 8-switch valve, 9-valve stem, 10-sleeve, 11-upper buffer, 101-lower connecting rod, 102-lower buffer spring, 111-upper connecting rod, 112-upper buffer spring, 21-lower centralizing plate, 22-lower flow channel, 71-upper centralizing plate, 72-upper flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the embodiments of the present invention, many technical details are proposed in order to enable the reader to better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical scheme claimed in the present application can be implemented. The division of the following embodiments is for the convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of the present invention. The various embodiments can be combined and referenced with each other without contradiction. Example
[0019] A self-controlled up and down sensing plunger that can open the well and fall, such as Figure 1-9 As shown, it includes a sensing plunger, the upper end of the sensing plunger is connected to the upper centralizer 7, the lower end is connected to the lower centralizer 2, the upper centralizer 7 is connected to the upper buffer 11, and the lower centralizer 2 is connected to the lower buffer 1; the upper centralizer 7 is provided with a sliding sleeve 10, and the upper buffer 11 slides in the sliding sleeve 10. The maximum outer diameter of the upper centralizer 7 and the lower centralizer 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe (2.5-4) mm.
[0020] The rear end of the upper centralizer 7 is evenly distributed with four upper centralizing pieces 71, and an upper flow channel 72 for gas to pass through is formed between the upper centralizing pieces 71. Two switch valves 8 for opening and closing the upper flow channel 72 are installed in the upper centralizer 7. The switch valve 8 is connected to the front end of the valve stem 9, and the rear end of the valve stem 9 is connected to the motor output shaft. The front end of the upper centralizer 7 is a sliding sleeve 10. The upper centralizing piece 71 and the upper flow channel 72 have roughly the same area.
[0021] The two switch valves 8 are installed at 90 degrees, and the upper flow channel 72 is closed or opened by rotating the valve body of the switch valve 8.
[0022] The sleeve 10 has a cavity inside, the upper connecting rod 111 of the upper buffer 11 is inserted into the cavity of the sleeve 10, and the upper connecting rod 111 is sleeved with an upper buffer spring 112. The lower centralizer 2 has a cavity inside, the lower connecting rod 101 of the lower buffer 1 is inserted into the cavity, and the lower connecting rod 101 is sleeved with a lower buffer spring 102. The upper buffer 11 and the lower buffer 1 are used to reduce the impact of the instrument going down to the caddie position and going up to the wellhead, ensuring that the instrument is not damaged by the impact.
[0023] Six lower centralizing plates 21 are evenly distributed on the lower centralizing device 2 , and a lower flow channel 22 for gas to pass through is formed between the lower centralizing plates 21 .
[0024] The sensing plunger is composed of a battery short section 3, a collection short section 4, a pressure and temperature test short section 5 and an electric control short section 6 in sequence. It can also be a sensing plunger of other existing structures.
[0025] Working principle: The automatic up and down movement of the sensing plunger during well opening is realized as follows: according to the previous well condition parameters, the automatic control strategy and action parameters of the sensing plunger flow channel are set (such as using one or more parameters such as pressure, temperature, pressure gradient as action parameters, and setting the action threshold), and at the same time, the motor is controlled to rotate the valve stem 9, which is rotated 90° to open the switch valve 8 and open the upper flow channel 72. Figure 7 and 8 As shown, at this time, the cross-sectional area of the sensing plunger decreases, and the gas resistance F of the sensing plunger falling decreases. The sensing plunger is deployed, and the well is started for production after the sensing plunger is deployed. The gravity G of the sensing plunger is greater than the gas resistance F of the sensing plunger going down, and it automatically falls under the action of gravity. The sensing plunger collects flow pressure and temperature, and the gas or liquid in the well continues to flow through the sensing plunger flow channel. The sensing plunger reaches the position of the retainer and continues to collect data. When the sensing plunger reaches the set flow channel automatic control strategy action parameter (reaches one or more action parameter thresholds set such as pressure, temperature, and pressure gradient), the control motor rotates the valve stem 9, and at this time, it rotates counterclockwise 90° to close the switch valve 8, and closes the upper flow channel 72, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 At this time, the sensing plunger becomes an ordinary solid plunger, the cross-sectional area increases, gas gathers at the bottom of the sensing plunger, the pressure increases, and the gas resistance F increases. When the thrust F generated by the formation energy at the bottom of the gas well is greater than the gravity G of the sensing plunger, the sensing plunger is pushed upward to the wellhead, and then the sensing plunger is salvaged and taken out for data playback. Example
[0026] The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling comprises a sensing plunger, wherein the upper end of the sensing plunger is connected to an upper centralizer 7, and the lower end is connected to a lower centralizer 2, the upper centralizer 7 is connected to an upper buffer 11, and the lower centralizer 2 is connected to a lower buffer 1; a sliding sleeve 10 is arranged inside the upper centralizer 7, and the upper buffer 11 slides inside the sliding sleeve 10. The maximum outer diameter of the upper centralizer 7 and the lower centralizer 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe (2.5-4) mm.
[0027] The rear end of the upper centralizer 7 is evenly distributed with four upper centralizing pieces 71, and an upper flow channel 72 for gas to pass through is formed between the upper centralizing pieces 71. Two switch valves 8 for opening and closing the upper flow channel 72 are installed in the upper centralizer 7. The switch valve 8 is connected to the front end of the valve stem 9, and the rear end of the valve stem 9 is connected to the motor output shaft. The front end of the upper centralizer 7 is a sliding sleeve 10. The upper centralizing piece 71 and the upper flow channel 72 have roughly the same area.
[0028] Six lower centralizing plates 21 are evenly distributed on the lower centralizing device 2 , and a lower flow channel 22 for gas to pass through is formed between the lower centralizing plates 21 .
[0029] The working principle is the same as that of Example 1.
Claims
1. A self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling, comprising a sensing plunger, characterized in that: The upper end of the sensing plunger is connected to an upper centralizer (7), and the lower end is connected to a lower centralizer (2); the upper centralizer (7) is connected to an upper buffer (11), and the lower centralizer (2) is connected to a lower buffer (1); a sliding sleeve (10) is provided in the upper centralizer (7), and the upper buffer (11) slides in the sliding sleeve (10).
2. The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Four upper centralizing plates (71) are evenly distributed at the rear end of the upper centralizing device (7), an upper flow channel (72) through which gas passes is formed between the upper centralizing plates (71), two switch valves (8) for opening and closing the upper flow channel (72) are installed in the upper centralizing device (7), the switch valve (8) is connected to the front end of a valve stem (9), the rear end of the valve stem (9) is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the front end of the upper centralizing device (7) is a sliding sleeve (10).
3. The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The two switch valves (8) are installed at a 90° angle.
4. The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve (10) has a cavity therein, an upper connecting rod (111) of the upper buffer (11) is inserted into the cavity of the sliding sleeve (10), and an upper buffer spring (112) is sleeved on the upper connecting rod (111).
5. The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower centralizer (2) has a cavity in it, the lower connecting rod (101) of the lower buffer (1) is inserted into the cavity, and the lower connecting rod (101) is sleeved with a lower buffer spring (102).
6. The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Six lower centralizing plates (21) are evenly distributed on the lower centralizing device (2), and a lower flow channel (22) for gas to pass through is formed between the lower centralizing plates (21).
7. The self-controlled up-and-down sensing plunger capable of opening a well and falling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing plunger is composed of a battery short section (3), a collection short section (4), a pressure and temperature test short section (5), and an electric control short section (6) in sequence.