Solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device

Abstract

The invention provides a solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device which is used for treating engine tail flame at the tail end of a fuel gas channel and effectively cooling and decelerating the engine tail flame in the engine ignition test process under the condition that related characteristics of an engine ignition test are not affected, the temperature of the test environment is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved. The danger in the test ignition process is reduced, and the pollution of the test to the surrounding environment is reduced. The fire barrier is arranged on the rear side of the solid rocket engine to block the tail flame of the engine, the jetting range and the jetting speed of the tail flame are controlled, the blocked tail flame passes through the edge of the fire barrier, and the problem of cooling of the center tail flame is solved. The honeycomb structure composed of the supporting columns is adopted, the tail flame passes through the gaps of the supporting columns, the multiple spraying heads are arranged to cool, guide and deposit the tail flame, the spraying area of the tail flame is increased, and the cooling and speed reducing effects are good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid rocket engine testing, and in particular relates to a solid rocket engine testing tail flame cooling and guiding device. Background Art

[0002] During the ground ignition test of solid rocket engines, especially at the test site of large solid rocket engines, after the propellant combustion begins, the solid rocket engine flame jet is strong and dangerous, and the test bench will produce high-frequency vibrations, high-temperature environment and a large amount of smoke, resulting in a harsh test environment; among them, high-frequency vibrations pose certain safety hazards, and the high-temperature environment will cause a large degree of ablation to the mountain behind the test bench. The presence of a large amount of smoke will cause unclear test images and will also cause certain pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0003] At present, in order to effectively guide the flame and smoke from the test gas channel during the ignition process of the solid rocket engine, a vertical channel is formed at the tail of the mountain of the gas channel, and the chimney principle is used to guide the flame and smoke from the gas channel into the atmosphere, so as to effectively guide the flame and smoke from the test gas channel. This method can avoid the flame backflow during the engine ignition test and avoid the accumulation of a large amount of smoke generated by the test on the platform. However, due to the high temperature and fast flow rate of the engine tail flame, the tail flame will still cause a huge scouring of the mountain behind the gas channel. On the one hand, it may cause the mountain to catch fire, posing a huge safety hazard; on the other hand, due to the large amount of smoke directly discharged into the air, it causes great pollution to the air.

[0004] At present, a spray system is installed on the wall of the gas channel behind the test bench to cool the engine tail flame, but the spray system can only act on the periphery of the engine tail flame, it is difficult to cool the center of the tail flame, and the deposition effect of particulate matter is poor.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design and develop a solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and diversion device to meet the safety and environmental protection requirements of ignition tests of various types of engines. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the central high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated during the solid rocket engine ignition test is controlled, the engine tail flame is effectively cooled and reduced in speed, and particulate matter is effectively deposited. The present invention provides a solid rocket engine test tail flame guide device. During the solid rocket engine ignition test, the engine tail flame is processed at the end of the gas channel without affecting the relevant characteristics of the ignition test, the speed and heat of the tail flame injection are controlled, the danger of the test ignition process is reduced, and the pollution of the test to the surrounding environment is reduced.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0008] A solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device, which is arranged in the gas channel at the rear side of the solid rocket engine nozzle, and includes a fire baffle wall and a cooling spray system;

[0009] The fire baffle is arranged at the rear side of the solid rocket engine nozzle and is at a distance from the nozzle to ensure that the temperature of the tail flame reaching the fire baffle is less than or equal to the maximum fire resistance temperature of the fire baffle;

[0010] The cooling spray system includes a honeycomb structure, a water delivery pipeline, a guide groove and a plurality of spray heads;

[0011] The honeycomb structure is constructed of high temperature resistant fireproof materials, and is arranged behind the fire retaining wall. The overall cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the engine gas channel, and can completely cover the gas channel.

[0012] The honeycomb structure is composed of multiple layers of grid structures arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the nozzle, and each layer of the grid structure is composed of multiple support columns;

[0013] Sprinkler heads are arranged in a ring along the grid structure in the fire retaining wall and in the space between each layer of the grid structure. A water pipeline connected to the sprinkler heads is set on the back of each supporting column. A diversion groove is also set on the ground of the gas channel at the bottom of the supporting column to collect sediment and discharge it to an external water reservoir.

[0014] Furthermore, the fire baffle is perpendicular to the direction of the solid rocket engine nozzle, and the size of the fire baffle is larger than the range of the engine tail flame ejected from the nozzle, ensuring that the fire baffle blocks the central tail flame and allows the blocked tail flame to pass through the edge of the fire baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, the honeycomb structure is constructed using high temperature resistant concrete.

[0016] Furthermore, each layer of the grid structure is 2 meters apart from each other, so that the tail flame can pass through the gaps between the support columns without hindering the passage of the airflow generated during the test.

[0017] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the first and second support columns of the honeycomb structure close to the fire retaining wall adopts a front-end conical or arc-shaped structure to reduce the contact area between the front end of the support column and the tail flame and avoid backflow.

[0018] Furthermore, the spraying direction of the sprinkler head installed on the inner wall of the gas channel points to the central axis of the gas channel, and a sprinkler head that sprays columnar water flow is used to increase the spray distance; the sprinkler heads installed on the support column and the fire retaining wall are all arranged on the rear end surface of the support column and the fire retaining wall, and a sprinkler head with a splash plate is used, and the spray water flow is a surface water flow, which increases the spray area.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and diversion system proposed in the present invention is mainly used for the treatment of the tail flame during the ignition process of the solid rocket engine. In the high temperature and high vibration environment of the test ignition site, the device can still effectively achieve the purpose of tail flame cooling, speed reduction and diversion, greatly reducing the safety risks in the test ignition process, protecting the mountain structure behind the test bench, and improving the safety of the test ignition process. At the same time, during use, the use of the sprinkler head realizes the large-scale deposition of particulate matter, so that the particulate matter flows into the bottom water tank along with the water, greatly reducing the particulate matter discharged into the air, avoiding the harmful effects of the test ignition on the surrounding environment, and having a high environmental protection application value.

[0021] 2. The present invention is used in the process of engine ignition test. Without affecting the relevant characteristics of the engine ignition test, the engine tail flame is processed at the end of the gas channel, the engine tail flame is effectively cooled and slowed down, the temperature of the test environment is lowered, the danger of the test ignition process is reduced, and the pollution of the test to the surrounding environment is reduced.

[0022] 3. The present invention blocks the engine tail flame by setting a fire baffle wall on the rear side of the solid rocket engine, thereby controlling the spray range and spray speed of the tail flame, so that the blocked tail flame passes through the edge of the fire baffle wall, avoiding the problem of cooling the central tail flame.

[0023] 4. The present invention adopts a honeycomb structure composed of support columns, and allows the tail flame to pass through the gaps between the support columns. By setting up multiple spray heads, the tail flame is cooled, guided and deposited, thereby increasing the spraying area of ​​the tail flame and achieving good cooling and speed reduction effects.

[0024] 5. The honeycomb structure of the present invention adopts a conical structure or an arc structure in the shape of the first and second support columns close to the fire retaining wall, which reduces the area in contact with the tail flame and avoids the backflow phenomenon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 : Top view of solid rocket motor ignition test.

[0026] In the figure: 1- side wall of the test bench; 2- rear mountain of the test bench; 3- front door of the test bench; 4- load-bearing pier of the test bench; 5- solid rocket engine; 6- nozzle; 7- tail flame; 8- fire retaining wall; 9- guide groove; 10- support column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention:

[0028] In such Figure 1In the top view of the solid rocket engine ignition test shown, the solid rocket engine ignition test system is installed at the rear end of the test bench body, with the test bench body side walls 1 on both sides, the rear end is the test bench body rear mountain 2, and the front end is the test bench body front door 3; the solid rocket engine 5 is fixed on the test bench body load-bearing pier 4, and the nozzle 6 sprays the tail flame 7 toward the fire retaining wall 8.

[0029] The present embodiment provides a solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and diversion device, which is arranged in the gas channel at the rear side of the nozzle 6 of the solid rocket engine 5, and includes a fire baffle 8 and a cooling spray system.

[0030] The fire baffle 8 is arranged at the rear side of the nozzle 6 of the solid rocket engine 5 and is at a distance from the nozzle 6, ensuring that the temperature of the tail flame 7 reaching the fire baffle 8 is less than or equal to the maximum fire resistance temperature of the fire baffle 8; the fire baffle 8 is perpendicular to the nozzle 6 of the solid rocket engine 5, and the size of the fire baffle 8 is larger than the range of the engine tail flame 7 ejected from the nozzle 6, ensuring that the fire baffle 8 blocks the central tail flame and allows the blocked tail flame 7 to pass through the edge of the fire baffle 8. The outlet temperature of the engine tail flame 7 of this embodiment is as high as 2100°C, the center temperature of the tail flame 7 at a position 15m away from the outer edge of the nozzle 6 is about 1300°C, and the center temperature of the tail flame 7 at a position 30m away from the outer edge of the nozzle 6 is about 800°C, so the fire baffle 8 of this embodiment is arranged 15m away from the outer edge of the nozzle 6.

[0031] The cooling spray system includes a honeycomb structure, a water delivery pipeline, a guide groove 9 and a plurality of spray heads.

[0032] The honeycomb structure is constructed with high temperature resistant concrete or other high temperature resistant fireproof materials and is arranged at the rear side of the fire retaining wall 8. The overall cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the engine gas channel and can completely cover the gas channel.

[0033] The honeycomb structure is composed of multiple layers of grid structures, each layer of grid structure is composed of multiple support columns 10, and the length of the support column 10 is about 1 meter; each layer of grid structure is staggered along the axial direction of the nozzle, and is 2 meters apart from each other, so that the tail flame 7 passes through the gap of the support column 10, and does not hinder the passage of the airflow generated during the test; the use of this grid structure increases the contact area of ​​the tail flame and increases the volume of the tail flame. At the same time, there are a large number of pores inside it, which is conducive to the smooth passage of the engine tail flame. After each layer of the tail flame passes through a layer of grid structure, the volume of the tail flame becomes larger and the temperature decreases after the grid structure diverts it. After passing through multiple layers of grids continuously, the temperature of the tail flame is greatly reduced. The honeycomb structure of this embodiment includes four layers of support columns, and each layer of support columns 10 includes 7 to 8 support columns arranged in a staggered manner. The width of the support column is 1m, and the distance between the support columns is 2m.

[0034] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the first and second support columns 10 of the honeycomb structure close to the fire wall 8 adopts a front-end conical or arc-shaped structure, which reduces the contact area between the front end of the support column and the tail flame 7 and avoids the backflow phenomenon.

[0035] Sprinkler heads are arranged in a ring along the grid structure in the fire retaining wall 8 and in the space between each layer of the grid structure, and a water pipe connected to the sprinkler head is arranged on the back of each support column 10 to prevent the water pipe from directly contacting the tail flame 7; a guide groove 9 is also arranged on the ground of the gas channel at the bottom of the support column to collect sediment and guide it to an external water reservoir.

[0036] The spray direction of the sprinkler head installed on the inner wall of the gas channel points to the central axis of the gas channel and has a long spray distance. The sprinkler heads installed on the support column and the fire baffle wall 8 are all arranged on the rear end surface of the support column and the fire baffle wall 8 and have a larger spray area.

[0037] According to the water spraying method, the sprinkler heads of this embodiment include upright sprinkler heads, drooping sprinkler heads, side wall sprinkler heads and ordinary sprinkler heads. The drooping sprinkler heads are installed at the top of the gas channel, the upright sprinkler heads are installed at the bottom of the gas channel, the side wall sprinkler heads are installed at the edge of the rear end surface of the fire retaining wall 8, and the ordinary sprinkler heads are installed on the supporting columns and the rear end surface of the fire retaining wall 8 to prevent the sprinkler heads from directly contacting the tail flame 7; among them, the spraying water flow of the upright sprinkler heads and the drooping sprinkler heads is a columnar water flow, which increases the spraying distance; the side wall sprinkler heads and the ordinary sprinkler heads are provided with splash plates, and the spraying water flow is a surface water flow, which increases the spraying area.

[0038] The tail flame of the engine carries a large amount of particulate matter. After being flushed by the spray water, the particulate matter is deposited in the guide groove 9 at the bottom of the space along with the water flow to collect the sediment and drain it. Since the spray head uses high-pressure water spray, the spray water pressure needs to be controlled to avoid excessive pressure of the spray water flow causing the tail flame to fail to pass smoothly.

[0039] Through the honeycomb structure arrangement and spraying effect, the smoke, high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and tail flame of thousands of degrees generated when the engine is working can be effectively cooled, diluted and diverted, and at the same time, the particulate splashes that may be generated by the test can be blocked and protected, and the unburned engine residual particles can be diluted by spraying water and fall into the guide groove 9 at the bottom.

[0040] The grid size of the honeycomb structure is designed according to the size of the engine gas channel and the flue gas flow rate generated during the ignition process. It can achieve both cooling and blocking of particulate matter and drainage without hindering the passage of airflow generated during the test, thus avoiding backflow.

[0041] After the cooling and diversion device of the present invention, the temperature of the tail flame 7 is greatly reduced. Compared with before the cooling and diversion device is added, the scouring of the mountain by the engine tail flame 7 is significantly weakened, most of the particulate matter flows into the diversion groove 9 along with the spray water, and the smoke discharged into the air is significantly reduced, which has a high environmental protection application value.

[0042] During the ground ignition test of a certain type of engine, the temperature of the engine tail flame outlet was as high as 2100℃, the temperature of the tail flame center at a position 15m away from the outer edge of the nozzle was about 1300℃, and the temperature of the tail flame center at a position 30m away from the outer edge of the nozzle was about 800℃. At the same time, a large amount of smoke filled the test bench during the engine combustion process and was introduced into the air through the test bench body guide channel. The smoke height can reach 100 meters. In order to effectively control the tail flame as high as thousands of degrees, prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from being sprayed too far, and avoid a large amount of smoke from being discharged into the air, the honeycomb cooling and guide device is set at a position 15m away from the outer edge of the engine nozzle. The cross-sectional area of ​​the device is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the engine gas channel. A multi-layer grid structure is selected according to the engine flow rate, and a mist spray head is set inside the grid. When the engine tail flame enters the honeycomb device, in order to avoid the occurrence of backflow, the first and second rows of grids both adopt a conical structure.

[0043] During the engine test, high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas enters the inlet side of the cooling and diversion device through the gas channel and is discharged through the outlet side of the device. The temperature of the tail flame has been greatly reduced when it is discharged. Compared with the period before the cooling and diversion device was added, the scouring of the mountain by the engine tail flame is significantly weakened. At the same time, most of the particulate matter flows into the bottom diversion water trough along with the spray water, and the smoke discharged into the air is significantly reduced.

[0044] In addition to being used in the solid rocket engine ignition test process, this device can also be widely used in fire prevention and disposal in buildings, effectively reducing flame temperature and smoke particles, and can effectively block the development of flames, effectively preventing flames from spreading over a large area in buildings, equipment or pipelines.

[0045] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device, arranged in the gas channel at the rear side of the solid rocket engine nozzle, characterized in that: Includes fire walls and cooling sprinkler systems; The fire baffle is arranged at the rear side of the solid rocket engine nozzle and is at a distance from the nozzle to ensure that the temperature of the tail flame reaching the fire baffle is less than or equal to the maximum fire resistance temperature of the fire baffle; The cooling spray system includes a honeycomb structure, a water delivery pipeline, a guide groove and a plurality of spray heads; The honeycomb structure is constructed of high temperature resistant fireproof materials, and is arranged behind the fire retaining wall. The overall cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the engine gas channel, and can completely cover the gas channel. The honeycomb structure is composed of multiple layers of grid structures arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the nozzle, and each layer of the grid structure is composed of multiple support columns; Sprinkler heads are arranged in a ring along the grid structure in the fire retaining wall and in the space between each layer of the grid structure. A water pipeline connected to the sprinkler heads is set on the back of each supporting column. A diversion groove is also set on the ground of the gas channel at the bottom of the supporting column to collect sediment and discharge it to an external water reservoir.

2. A solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire baffle is perpendicular to the direction of the solid rocket engine nozzle, and its size is larger than the range of the engine tail flame ejected from the nozzle, ensuring that the fire baffle blocks the central tail flame and allows the blocked tail flame to pass through the edge of the fire baffle.

3. A solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The honeycomb structure is constructed using high temperature resistant concrete.

4. A solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the grid structure is 2 meters apart, allowing the tail flame to pass through the gaps between the support columns without hindering the airflow generated during the test.

5. The solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the first and second support columns of the honeycomb structure close to the fire retaining wall adopts a front-end conical or arc-shaped structure to reduce the contact area between the front end of the support column and the tail flame and avoid backflow.

6. The solid rocket engine test tail flame cooling and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray direction of the sprinkler head installed on the inner wall of the gas channel points to the central axis of the gas channel. A sprinkler head that sprays columnar water flow is used to increase the spray distance. The sprinkler heads installed on the support columns and fire retaining walls are all set on the rear end faces of the support columns and fire retaining walls. A sprinkler head with a splash plate is used, and the spray water flow is a surface water flow, which increases the spray area.

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