Brake component

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake component which comprises a brake disc or a brake drum and a plurality of cooling fins, and the brake drum comprises a base and an extending part extending from the base in the axial direction. The cooling fins are circumferentially distributed on the outer circle of the brake disc or the extending portion of the brake drum, each cooling fin comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is fixed to the extending portion of the brake drum of the brake disc, one end of the movable portion is fixed to the fixed portion, and the other end of the movable portion is a free end. The extending direction of the movable part faces the rotating direction of the brake disc or the brake drum when a vehicle moves forwards, and the material of the movable part enables the movable part to be basically attached to the outer circle of the brake disc or the extending part of the brake drum when the temperature is lower than a preset value. And when the temperature is higher than the preset value, the temperature sensor tilts to the position above the extending part of the brake disc or the brake drum. The cooling fins are arranged on the brake disc or the brake drum, so that the brake disc or the brake drum upwarps after being overheated, turbulent flow is generated, the cooling effect is improved, heat attenuation is prevented, the brake performance is improved, and the service life of the brake pad is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and in particular relates to a braking component. Background Art

[0002] Metal products will quickly enter the thermal decay process when they are in a high temperature environment for a long time. Thermal decay is an inevitable phenomenon for metal products when they work for a long time. It is different from metal fatigue, which will cause cracks or fractures. Metal thermal decay is the gradual decrease in the heat dissipation capacity of metal after it has been exposed to high temperature. The heat energy gathers together and cannot be transferred to the low temperature area. As time goes by, the flow rate of heat energy decreases step by step, and finally stops flowing, causing the temperature of the metal product to rise sharply, and finally ignite spontaneously.

[0003] At present, the popularity of automobiles is increasing year by year. When driving a vehicle, braking performance is an essential safety indicator. For long downhill or intense driving, the brake disc in the braking system will inevitably experience thermal attenuation. Once thermal attenuation occurs, the surface temperature of the brake disc will rise sharply with the increase of braking time and number of times. The brake disc has less contact time with the air, and a large amount of wind is blocked by the wheels, resulting in the brake disc being unable to effectively use the airflow to take away the high temperature on the surface. The brake disc cannot effectively dissipate heat, causing the brake disc to heat up sharply, and the metal properties are reduced. Brake pads have clear requirements for temperature. The high temperature resistance of brake pads directly affects their friction coefficient and braking performance. Generally speaking, the normal operating temperature range of brake pads should be between 200 and 400 degrees Celsius. Exceeding this range may lead to reduced braking efficiency, accelerated wear of brake pads, and other problems. High temperature will cause the braking system to weaken its braking ability, and even lose its braking ability in the end.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a brake component for reducing the probability of thermal decay and ensuring the braking performance of the vehicle.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides a braking component, including a brake disc and a plurality of heat sinks, wherein the heat sinks are circumferentially distributed on the outer circle of the brake disc, each heat sink includes a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is fixed to the brake disc, one end of the movable portion is fixed to the fixed portion and the other end is a free end, the extending direction of the movable portion is toward the rotation direction of the brake disc when the vehicle moves forward, and the material of the movable portion is such that it basically fits the outer circle of the brake disc when the temperature is lower than a predetermined value, and is lifted up to the top of the brake disc when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value.

[0007] The present invention also provides a braking component, including a brake drum and a plurality of heat sinks, wherein the brake drum includes a base and an extension portion extending axially from the base; the heat sinks are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the extension portion of the brake drum, each heat sink includes a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is fixed to the brake drum, one end of the movable portion is fixed to the fixed portion and the other end is a free end, the extension direction of the movable portion is toward the rotation direction of the brake drum when the vehicle moves forward, and the material of the movable portion is such that it basically fits the outer circle of the brake drum when the temperature is lower than a predetermined value, and is warped to the top of the brake drum when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the material of the movable portion allows the movable portion to rotate around its length direction when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the movable portion is made of a memory metal that deforms when heated.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the movable part is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the fixing portion is fixed to the brake disc or brake drum by riveting or bolts.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of cooling fins are evenly distributed on the brake disc or brake drum.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipation slots are provided on the brake disc, the number of which is the same as that of the heat dissipation fins and they correspond one to one, and each of the heat dissipation slots is provided below the movable portion of the corresponding heat dissipation fin.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are also provided on the brake disc.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of heat sinks are arranged on the extension portion of the brake drum along its own axial direction, and the movable portion includes a supporting portion extending along one side of the axial direction of the brake drum and contacting the adjacent movable portion of the heat sink, and the supporting portion is supported on the adjacent movable portion of the heat sink.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the brake component of the present invention is provided with a plurality of deformable heat sinks on the brake disc or brake drum. When the temperature of the brake disc or brake drum is not high, it is in a normal state of being attached to the main body. Only when the temperature of the brake disc or brake drum rises, it enters a heat dissipation state and tilts upwards. Under the action of the heat sink, more air flows through the surface of the brake disc or brake drum, thereby improving the cooling and heat dissipation effect, enhancing the braking efficiency, extending the life of the brake pad, and avoiding the situation where the braking effect is reduced due to thermal decay or even a complete loss of braking ability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a brake component in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a brake component when the heat sink is in a heat dissipation state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the brake component when the heat sink is in a normal state in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a brake component in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Practical Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat sink in an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of air flow in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of deformation of the movable part in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Description of main reference numerals:

[0026] 100-brake component, 101-brake disc, 102-extension part, 103-base, 104-caliper, 105-brake pad, 106-brake shoe, 11-heat dissipation groove, 12-heat dissipation hole, 20-heat sink, 21-fixed part, 22-movable part, 221-support part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The vehicle's braking system mainly includes disc brakes and drum brakes. The former mainly includes brake discs and brake pads, while the latter mainly consists of brake drums and brake shoes. Both of them convert the vehicle's kinetic energy into heat energy by creating sliding friction to brake. Brake pads and brake shoes are made of friction materials and adhesives. Long-term and frequent braking will cause the temperature of both to rise, wear to increase, and friction to weaken, which will lead to a weakening of the braking effect until it fails completely.

[0029] To avoid the above situation, it is necessary to control the temperature of the brake system. Controlling the temperature can effectively protect the friction components of the brake system, prevent thermal exhaustion and increased wear caused by excessive temperature, and the resulting reduction in braking effect or even complete failure, and extend its service life. Controlling the temperature of the brake system can effectively reduce excessive wear caused by excessive temperature, prevent thermal exhaustion and reduced braking effect or even complete failure.

[0030] Due to structural reasons, the disc brake system can only be cooled by air cooling. If water is directly poured under high temperature conditions, the brake disc may crack. Therefore, the only way to cool it is to guide the airflow through the brake disc and brake pads, but the cooling effect of directly guiding the airflow is limited. In the drum brake system, the brake drum can be cooled by pouring water, but this process is limited to the inside, and the outer surface of the brake drum cannot be poured with water.

[0031] To further improve the cooling effect of the brake system, Figure 1-5 As shown, a brake component 100 in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a vehicle brake system, wherein Figure 1-3 The figure shows a disc brake system, including a disc-shaped brake disc 101 and a brake pad 105 fixed in a caliper 104. Figure 4-5 The drum brake system shown in the figure includes a brake drum and a brake shoe 106. The brake drum includes a base 103 and an extension portion 102 extending axially along the base 103. The brake component 100 also includes a heat sink 20, which is distributed on the outer edge of the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 of the brake drum along the rotation direction, and includes a fixed portion 21 and a movable portion 22. The fixed portion 21 is fixed to the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102, one end of the movable portion 22 is fixed to the fixed portion 21, and the other end is a free end. The extension direction of the movable portion 22 is toward the rotation direction of the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 when the vehicle moves forward.

[0032] In the present embodiment, the material of the movable portion 22 is such that the movable portion 22 is substantially in contact with the outer circumference of the brake disc 101 or the outer surface of the extension portion 102 when the temperature of the movable portion 22 is lower than a predetermined value, that is, the heat sink 20 is substantially tangent to the outer circumference of the brake disc 101 or the outer surface of the extension portion 102 when the temperature of the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 is relatively low, and may be in contact with the outer circumference of the brake disc 101 or the outer surface of the extension portion 102 completely or partially. After the vehicle has been driven for a period of time, especially after intense driving and frequent braking, the temperature of the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 increases, and the temperature of the heat sink 20 increases synchronously after the heat is transferred. When the predetermined temperature is reached, the movable portion 22 rises to above the outer circumference of the brake disc 101 or the outer surface of the extension portion 102. When the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 rotates with the wheel, the airflow passing through the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 is blocked by the heat sink 20, thereby forming turbulence (such as Figure 6 As shown), the airflow to the brake disc 101 or the extension 102 increases, thereby improving the heat dissipation and cooling effect, helping the brake disc 101 or the extension 102 to reduce the temperature as quickly as possible and return to the normal temperature range, preventing thermal decay, which causes the braking effect to decrease or even disappear completely.

[0033] Preferably, at least the active portion 22 of the heat sink 20 is made of a memory metal that deforms when heated, has different shapes at low and high temperatures, and will only deform or recover when the temperature reaches a certain level.

[0034] For example, in one embodiment, the movable portion 22 is made of nickel-titanium alloy, which is a shape memory alloy having different crystal structure phases at different temperatures, i.e., an austenite phase corresponding to high temperature and a martensite phase corresponding to low temperature. When in the austenite phase, the shape is relatively stable, while in the martensite phase, the shape is unstable and easily deformed. Therefore, during production, the nickel-titanium alloy is subjected to high-temperature shaping at a high temperature (the above-mentioned predetermined temperature) so that it remains in martensite (normal shape, i.e., fits the brake disc 101 or the extension 102) when the temperature of the brake disc 101 or the extension 102 is low, and can be restored to the shape of the austenite (heat dissipation state shape, the movable portion 22 is tilted above the brake disc 101 or the extension 102) after the temperature of the brake disc 101 or the extension 102 rises. Therefore, after being made of nickel-titanium alloy, the heat sink 20 can automatically enter the heat dissipation state when the brake disc 101 or the extension 102 is overheated without human intervention, and has high flexibility and safety.

[0035] In addition, the phase transition temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the nickel content in the nickel-titanium alloy, thereby adjusting the temperature when the phase transition to austenite, that is, the temperature when entering the heat dissipation state, to further improve flexibility.

[0036] In one embodiment, the heat sink 20 is made of nickel-titanium-copper alloy, wherein the nickel, titanium and copper contents are 48% to 55%, 35% to 47% and 5% to 10% respectively. The heat sink 20 at this content begins to deform at 50°C and reaches the maximum deformation at about 120°C. After the alloy content is controlled within the above proportions, the heat sink 20 starts to work and intervene in heat dissipation at a relatively low temperature, and the temperature corresponding to the maximum deformation is not high, so it can cover most of the working time of the brake system, thereby better controlling the temperature of the brake system.

[0037] In one embodiment, when the movable portion 22 is subjected to high temperature shaping, it can also be rotated in the length direction, so that when the brake disc 101 or the brake drum is overheated, the movable portion 22 is tilted to the top of the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102, and also generates rotational deformation (such as Figure 7 After rotating in the length direction, the airflow will flow to the side when flowing toward the brake disc 101 or the brake drum along the length direction of the movable portion 22, thereby further improving the turbulence effect of the movable portion 22, thereby further improving the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the heat sink 20.

[0038] In one embodiment, the fixing portion 21 may be fixed to the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 by riveting, bolting or other fixing methods, so as to be replaced when the heat sink 20 fails.

[0039] It is easy to imagine that the fixed part 21 can be made of the same material as the movable part 22 (i.e. the entire heat sink 20), but since the fixed part 21 is fixed to the brake disc 101 or the extension part 102, it cannot deform when heated, or can only deform slightly. Of course, the fixed part 21 can also be made of a different material from the movable part 22, that is, only the movable part 22 is made of nickel-titanium alloy or other memory metals, and the fixed part 21 can be made of other conventional metal materials, and finally the two are fixed.

[0040] Preferably, to improve the heat dissipation effect, the heat sink 20 is evenly distributed on the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102, so as to provide all-round cooling and heat dissipation for the brake disc 101 or the extension portion 102 when it is overheated, thereby avoiding the situation where the temperature is too high locally.

[0041] In the disc brake system, since the brake disc 101 is relatively thin, a heat sink 20 is provided in the axial direction thereof, that is, only one circle of heat sink 20 is provided in the axial direction of the brake disc 101. Figure 4-5), the axial distance of the extension portion 102 is relatively long. Since the movable portion 22 of the heat sink 20 is relatively thin, unexpected deformation is prone to occur when the area is large. Therefore, the heat sink 20 should not be set too large. At this time, multiple heat sinks 20 can be set in the axial direction to ensure the heat dissipation effect while ensuring that the heat sink 20 will not undergo unexpected deformation.

[0042] Preferably, the heat sink 20 is attached to the surface of the extension portion 102 at room temperature to avoid damage during installation and maintenance.

[0043] Preferably, when a plurality of heat sinks 20 are arranged along the axial direction, they may be of non-standard shapes, such as Figure 5 As shown, the heat sink 20 adopts a very regular shape, and a laterally extending support portion 221 is formed at one end of the movable portion 22 away from the fixed portion 21, and the support portion 221 protrudes above the movable portion 22 of the adjacent heat sink 20. Since there are a large number of heat sinks 20, the heat sinks 20 on the same axial direction can be placed in sequence, that is, the support portion 221 on the previous heat sink 20 supports the next heat sink 20 in the one side direction, and heat transfer can be formed between different heat sinks 20 at this time, and when the previous heat sink 20 is deformed and enters the heat dissipation state, it can also drive the next heat sink 20 to enter the heat dissipation state.

[0044] When applied to a disc brake system, due to thickness reasons, only one heat sink 20 is provided in the axial direction. To improve the heat dissipation effect, heat dissipation grooves 11 can be provided on the outer circle of the brake disc 101, and the number of heat dissipation grooves 11 is the same as that of the heat dissipation fins 20 and they correspond one to one. Each heat dissipation groove 11 is provided below the movable portion 22 of the corresponding heat dissipation fin 20. When the heat dissipation fin 20 enters the heat dissipation state, under the disturbance of the movable portion 22, while the air flows to the two ends of the main body 10, part of the air will also flow through the heat dissipation grooves 11, thereby expanding the contact area between the brake disc 101 and the air, and further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0045] Preferably, after the heat sink 11 is provided, during the process of handling the heat sink 20, it can be hidden in the heat sink 11 under normal conditions to protect the heat sink 20 from damage, and only rise above the heat sink 11 after reaching the deformation temperature.

[0046] It is easy to imagine that a plurality of heat dissipation holes 12 can be opened on the brake disc 101 to improve the heat dissipation and cooling effect, such as Figure 1-3 The perforated brake disc shown in .

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A brake component, characterized in that: include: Brake discs; A plurality of heat sinks are circumferentially distributed on the outer circumference of the brake disc, each heat sink comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is fixed to the brake disc, one end of the movable portion is fixed to the fixed portion and the other end is a free end, the extending direction of the movable portion is toward the rotation direction of the brake disc when the vehicle moves forward, and the material of the movable portion is such that it substantially fits the outer circumference of the brake disc when the temperature is lower than a predetermined value, and is lifted up to the top of the brake disc when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value.

2. A brake component, characterized in that: include: A brake drum including a base and an extension extending axially from the base; A plurality of heat sinks are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the extension portion of the brake drum, each heat sink comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is fixed to the brake drum, one end of the movable portion is fixed to the fixed portion and the other end is a free end, the extension direction of the movable portion is toward the rotation direction of the brake drum when the vehicle moves forward, and the material of the movable portion is such that it substantially fits the outer circumference of the brake drum when the temperature is lower than a predetermined value, and is lifted up to the top of the brake drum when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value.

3. The brake component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The material of the movable portion allows the movable portion to rotate about its length direction when the temperature is higher than the predetermined value.

4. The brake component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable part is made of memory metal that is deformed when heated.

5. The brake component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable part is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

6. The brake component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The fixing portion is fixed to the brake disc or brake drum by riveting or bolts.

7. The brake component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plurality of heat sinks are evenly distributed on the brake disc or brake drum.

8. The brake component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake disc is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation slots, which are the same in number as the heat dissipation fins and correspond one to one, and each of the heat dissipation slots is arranged below the movable part of the corresponding heat dissipation fin.

9. The brake component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake disc is also provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes.

10. The brake component according to claim 2, characterized in that The extension portion of the brake drum is provided with a plurality of heat sinks along its axial direction, and the movable portion includes a support portion extending along one side of the axial direction of the brake drum and contacting with the adjacent heat sink movable portion, and the support portion is supported on the adjacent heat sink movable portion.

Images