Actuator and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an actuator and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, the actuator comprises a shell assembly, the shell assembly comprises a base and an upper cover, the upper cover is connected with the base, and a sealing cavity is formed between the upper cover and the base; the motor is installed in the sealing cavity, and a rotating shaft of the motor is provided with a driving gear; the gear shaft is installed in the sealing cavity, the gear shaft is provided with a first gear and a second gear, the first gear and the second gear are fixedly connected with the gear shaft in the circumferential direction, and the first gear is meshed with the driving gear; and the output shaft is installed in the sealing cavity, the output shaft is provided with a driven gear, the driven gear is fixedly connected with the output shaft in the circumferential direction, and the driven gear is meshed with the second gear. The actuator has the beneficial effects that the driving gear, the first gear, the second gear and the driven gear form a non-self-locking transmission structure, so that the actuator is more flexible and faster in response, and a user is allowed to manually operate the actuator under special conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts and relates to an actuator and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The actuator is a component that can be used in any electronic drive action on the vehicle. In addition to being used in gearboxes, it can also be used in hybrid vehicles' oil-electric switching, timely four-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive switching and other functions.

[0003] For example, a Chinese invention patent with application number 201810142069.6 discloses a shift actuator for new energy vehicles, which adopts a three-stage gear transmission; among them, the first and second stages adopt worm gears, and the third stage adopts a spur gear transmission. This type of actuator adopts a worm gear structure as a transmission method, which has a self-locking function, so the existing actuators of this type are all self-locking. However, with the development of technology, there is a demand for non-self-locking actuators in the market. In view of this, the existing design fails to fully meet these emerging technical requirements, so there is room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to provide an actuator and a vehicle.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: an actuator, comprising:

[0006] A housing assembly, the housing assembly comprising a base and an upper cover, the upper cover being connected to the base to form a sealed cavity therebetween;

[0007] A motor, the motor is installed in the sealed cavity, and a driving gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor;

[0008] A gear shaft, the gear shaft is installed in the sealing cavity, the gear shaft is provided with a first gear and a second gear, the first gear and the second gear are both circumferentially fixedly connected to the gear shaft, and the first gear is meshed with the driving gear;

[0009] An output shaft, the output shaft is installed in the sealing chamber, the output shaft is provided with a driven gear, the driven gear is circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the driven gear is meshed with the second gear;

[0010] The driving gear, the first gear, the second gear and the driven gear form a non-self-locking transmission structure.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the output shaft extends out of the base and is provided with a third gear, and the third gear is circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the base is provided with an anti-misalignment rib, and the third gear is provided with an anti-misalignment notch, and when the output shaft is located at the factory position, the anti-misalignment notch on the third gear is opposite to the anti-misalignment rib.

[0013] Preferably, a circuit board is arranged in the sealed cavity, a Hall sensor element is arranged on the circuit board, and a magnetic component is arranged at the other end of the output shaft, and the magnetic component is located within the sensing range of the Hall sensor element.

[0014] Preferably, the driven gear is configured as a sector gear structure, and the gear teeth of the driven gear are disposed on an arc-shaped outer edge.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a mounting bracket, which is located in the sealed cavity and fixedly connected to the base, the mounting bracket divides the sealed cavity into a mounting cavity and a gear cavity, the mounting cavity is located in the upper cover, the gear cavity is located in the base, the circuit board and the motor are both located in the mounting cavity, the motor is connected to the mounting bracket, the gear shaft and the output shaft are both inserted into the mounting bracket, and the driving gear, the first gear, the second gear and the driven gear are all located in the gear cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the installation cavity has a concave cavity portion matching the contour shape of the motor, the motor is installed in the concave cavity portion, and the rotating shaft of the motor passes through the installation bracket and is connected to the driving gear.

[0017] Preferably, the base is provided with a bearing, one end of the output shaft passes through the bearing, and a sealing ring is provided between the output shaft and the base.

[0018] Preferably, it further comprises a pin block, wherein the pin block is mounted on the base, and a portion of the pin block passes from the gear cavity into the mounting cavity and is connected to the circuit board.

[0019] A vehicle comprises the actuator.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The driving gear, the first gear, the second gear and the driven gear form a non-self-locking transmission structure, so it is more flexible and responds faster, allowing the user to manually operate the actuator under special circumstances.

[0022] 2. The main function of the anti-mistake rib is to provide a reference point during the installation process to ensure that the output shaft is in the correct factory position. When the output shaft is in the factory position, the anti-mistake notch on the third gear will face the anti-mistake rib on the outer wall of the base. This is the initial position of the actuator, usually also the zero position or reference position, to ensure that the actuator is installed correctly and facilitate installation and commissioning.

[0023] 3. By setting the circuit board and Hall sensing element in the sealed cavity and setting the magnetic part at the other end of the output shaft, this design realizes accurate detection and real-time feedback of the output shaft position.

[0024] 4. The sector gear structure significantly reduces the volume of the driven gear, thereby reducing the space requirement for the sealed chamber. This makes the structure of the entire actuator more compact and suitable for use in environments with limited space. By reducing the volume of the driven gear, the layout of other components in the sealed chamber can be better optimized, improving the compactness and rationality of the overall structure.

[0025] 5. The sealing cavity is divided into two independent cavities by the mounting bracket, making the layout of each component more compact and making full use of the limited space. The separation of the mounting cavity and the gear cavity reduces the mutual interference between the circuit board, the motor and the gear transmission system, and improves the stability and reliability of the system. The design of the mounting bracket makes the installation and removal of each component more convenient, and is easy to maintain and repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural exploded view of the actuator of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the motor, gear shaft, output shaft and mounting bracket of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the actuator of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator of the present invention when the upper cover is removed.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the mounting bracket and the base of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the actuator of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is an isometric view of the actuator of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a bottom view of the actuator of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure, 100, base; 110, anti-misalignment rib; 120, gear cavity; 130, bearing; 140, sealing ring; 200, upper cover; 210, installation cavity; 211, concave cavity; 300, motor; 310, driving gear; 400, gear shaft; 410, first gear; 420, second gear; 500, output shaft; 510, driven gear; 520, third gear; 521, anti-misalignment notch; 530, magnetic part; 600, circuit board; 700, mounting bracket; 800, pin block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an actuator includes: a housing assembly, the housing assembly includes a base 100 and an upper cover 200, the upper cover 200 is connected to the base 100 and a sealed cavity is formed therebetween; a motor 300, the motor 300 is installed in the sealed cavity, and a driving gear 310 is installed on the rotating shaft of the motor 300; a gear shaft 400, the gear shaft 400 is installed in the sealed cavity, the gear shaft 400 is provided with a first gear 410 and a second gear 420, the first gear 410 and the second gear 420 are both circumferentially fixedly connected to the gear shaft 400, and the first gear 410 is meshed with the driving gear 310; an output shaft 500, the output shaft 500 is installed in the sealed cavity, the output shaft 500 is provided with a driven gear 510, the driven gear 510 is circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft 500, and the driven gear 510 is meshed with the second gear 420; the driving gear 310, the first gear 410, the second gear 420 and the driven gear 510 form a non-self-locking transmission structure.

[0037] The housing assembly is composed of a base 100 and an upper cover 200, which are fixedly connected by screws and form a sealed cavity between the two. The main function of this sealed cavity is to protect the internal precision components from the influence of the external environment, such as dust, moisture, etc. The motor 300 is installed in the sealed cavity. The motor 300 is the power source of the actuator. When the motor 300 receives the control signal, it will rotate and drive the driving gear 310 to rotate. The gear shaft 400 is also installed in the sealed cavity. When the gear shaft 400 rotates, the first gear 410 and the second gear 420 rotate together. The output shaft 500 is also installed in the sealed cavity. When the gear shaft 400 rotates, the second gear 420 will drive the driven gear 510 to rotate, thereby causing the output shaft 500 to produce a rotational motion.

[0038] When the actuator is working, the motor 300 rotates to drive the driving gear 310 to rotate. Since the first gear 410 on the gear shaft 400 is meshed with the driving gear 310 on the motor 300, the gear shaft 400 rotates accordingly. The second gear 420 on the gear shaft 400 is meshed with the driven gear 510 of the output shaft 500, so the output shaft 500 also rotates accordingly. The entire transmission logic is that the motor 300 transmits the torque to the gear shaft 400, and the gear shaft 400 then transmits the torque to the output shaft 500. The output shaft 500 outputs a control signal through its own rotation angle to complete the gear shifting action. Among them, the output end of the motor 300, the gear shaft 400 and the output shaft 500 are all transmitted through gears, which means that the output end of the motor 300, the gear shaft 400 and the output shaft 500 form a non-self-locking transmission. The output shaft 500 of the actuator can rotate freely without being affected by the transmission structure. This is an important feature for the actuator because it allows the output shaft 500 to be manually twisted when necessary. For example, in an emergency situation such as a power failure of the motor 300, the output shaft 500 can be manually twisted to switch functions or gears.

[0039] Specifically, in the event of a power outage to the motor 300 or a system failure, the non-self-locking transmission structure allows the operator to manually adjust the gear. This is particularly important in emergency situations to ensure that the vehicle or equipment does not lose control due to a stuck actuator. If the actuator is self-locking, power failure to the motor 300 may cause the actuator to get stuck in a certain position and be unable to move. The non-self-locking structure avoids this situation and reduces the safety hazards caused by jamming. When the actuator needs to be inspected or repaired, the non-self-locking structure allows the operator to easily manually rotate the output shaft 500, making it convenient to check the status of internal parts and make necessary adjustments.

[0040] The driving gear 310 , the first gear 410 , the second gear 420 and the driven gear 510 form a non-self-locking transmission structure, so it is more flexible and responds faster, allowing the user to manually operate the actuator under special circumstances.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the above embodiment, one end of the output shaft 500 extends out of the base 100 and is provided with a third gear 520, and the third gear 520 is circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft 500. One end of the output shaft 500 extends out of the base 100, and the extended portion of the output shaft 500 can be operated from outside the actuator to twist the output shaft 500.

[0042] Based on the above embodiment, the outer wall of the base 100 is provided with an anti-misalignment rib 110, and the third gear 520 is provided with an anti-misalignment notch 521. When the output shaft 500 is located at the factory position, the anti-misalignment notch 521 on the third gear 520 is opposite to the anti-misalignment rib 110.

[0043] The main function of the anti-misalignment rib 110 is to provide a reference point during the installation process to ensure that the output shaft 500 is in the correct factory position. When the output shaft 500 is in the factory position, the anti-misalignment notch 521 on the third gear 520 will face the anti-misalignment rib 110 on the outer wall of the base 100. This is the initial position of the actuator, which is usually also the zero position or reference position. When installing the actuator, the operator can ensure that the actuator is correctly installed by observing the alignment of the anti-misalignment rib 110 and the anti-misalignment notch 521, which is convenient for installation and commissioning.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, based on the above embodiment, a circuit board 600 is arranged in the sealed cavity, a Hall sensing element is arranged on the circuit board 600, and a magnetic member 530 is arranged at the other end of the output shaft 500, and the magnetic member 530 is located within the sensing range of the Hall sensing element.

[0045] Various electronic components, including Hall sensing elements, are integrated on the circuit board 600. The Hall sensing element is a magnetic sensitive element that can detect changes in the magnetic field and generate corresponding changes in electrical signals. The magnetic element 530 is usually a permanent magnet. As the output shaft 500 rotates, the position of the magnetic element 530 changes, thereby changing the magnetic field strength detected by the Hall sensing element. When switching gears, the output shaft 500 rotates and the magnetic element 530 also rotates. Due to the change in the position of the magnetic element 530, the magnetic field strength detected by the Hall sensing element also changes. The circuit on the circuit board 600 processes the received Hall sensing element signal and converts it into a digital signal or an analog signal. The control system determines the position and rotation angle of the output shaft 500 based on these signals. The control system monitors the position of the output shaft 500 in real time based on the signal of the Hall sensing element to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the gear shifting action. By arranging the circuit board 600 and the Hall sensing element in the sealed cavity and arranging the magnetic element 530 at the other end of the output shaft 500, this design realizes accurate detection and real-time feedback of the position of the output shaft 500.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, the driven gear 510 is configured as a sector gear structure, and the gear teeth of the driven gear 510 are arranged on the arc-shaped outer edge.

[0047] The driven gear 510 is designed as a fan-shaped structure instead of a traditional circular gear. This design greatly reduces the volume of the driven gear 510, and the gear teeth of the driven gear 510 mesh with the second gear 420 on the gear shaft 400. Although the driven gear 510 is an incomplete gear, effective power transmission can still be achieved due to the gear teeth on its arc-shaped edge. The fan-shaped gear structure significantly reduces the volume of the driven gear 510, thereby reducing the space requirement for the sealed chamber. This makes the structure of the entire actuator more compact and suitable for use in environments with limited space. By reducing the volume of the driven gear 510, the layout of other components in the sealed chamber can be better optimized, improving the compactness and rationality of the overall structure.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, it also includes a mounting bracket 700, the mounting bracket 700 is located in the sealed cavity and is fixedly connected to the base 100, the mounting bracket 700 divides the sealed cavity into a mounting cavity 210 and a gear cavity 120, the mounting cavity 210 is located in the upper cover 200, the gear cavity 120 is located in the base 100, the circuit board 600 and the motor 300 are both located in the mounting cavity 210, the motor 300 is connected to the mounting bracket 700, the gear shaft 400 and the output shaft 500 are both penetrated by the mounting bracket 700, and the driving gear 310, the first gear 410, the second gear 420 and the driven gear 510 are all located in the gear cavity 120.

[0049] The main function of the mounting bracket 700 is to install the motor 300, the gear shaft 400 and the output shaft 500, and secondly to separate the sealed cavity into the mounting cavity 210 and the gear cavity 120. The mounting cavity 210 is located in the upper cover 200 and is mainly used to install the circuit board 600 and the motor 300. The circuit board 600 and the motor 300 are both located in this cavity to ensure that they are away from gears and other mechanical parts. The gear cavity 120 is located in the base 100 and is mainly used to install the gear shaft 400 and the output shaft 500. The driving gear 310, the first gear 410, the second gear 420 and the driven gear 510 are all located in this cavity.

[0050] The design of this mounting bracket 700 is not only conducive to the installation of various components in the housing assembly, but also can optimize the internal layout, making the overall structure more compact. Among them, the circuit board 600 is installed in the mounting cavity 210 and fixedly connected to the base 100, and the motor 300 is also installed in the mounting cavity 210 and connected to the mounting bracket 700. The gear shaft 400 and the output shaft 500 both pass through the mounting bracket 700. The sealing cavity is separated into two independent cavities by the mounting bracket 700, so that the layout of each component is more compact and the limited space is fully utilized. The separation of the mounting cavity 210 and the gear cavity 120 reduces the mutual interference between the circuit board 600 and the motor 300 and the gear transmission system, and improves the stability and reliability of the system. The design of the mounting bracket 700 makes the installation and disassembly of each component more convenient, and is convenient for maintenance and overhaul.

[0051] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the mounting cavity 210 has a concave cavity portion 211 that matches the contour shape of the motor 300, the motor 300 is mounted in the concave cavity portion 211, and the rotating shaft of the motor 300 passes through the mounting bracket 700 and is connected to the driving gear 310. The shape of the concave cavity portion 211 matches the contour shape of the motor 300, ensuring that the motor 300 can be tightly embedded therein. This is usually a three-dimensional groove that can completely wrap the circumferential surface of the motor 300. The mounting bracket 700 is then used to press against the top surface of the motor 300, thereby constraining the motor 300 in the concave cavity portion 211, and the rotating shaft of the motor 300 passes through the mounting bracket 700 and is connected to the driving gear 310. There are usually corresponding holes on the mounting bracket 700 to ensure that the rotating shaft can pass smoothly.

[0052] On the basis of the above embodiment, the base 100 is provided with a bearing 130 , one end of the output shaft 500 passes through the bearing 130 , and a sealing ring 140 is provided between the output shaft 500 and the base 100 .

[0053] The main function of the bearing 130 is to support the output shaft 500, reduce friction during rotation, and ensure smooth rotation of the output shaft 500. The main function of the sealing ring 140 is to prevent external impurities such as dust and moisture from entering the sealing cavity.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, based on the above embodiment, it also includes a pin block 800, which is installed on the base 100, and a part of the pin block 800 is inserted from the gear cavity 120 into the installation cavity 210 and connected to the circuit board 600.

[0055] The main function of the pin block 800 is to connect the circuit board 600 with the external control system to ensure the transmission of electrical signals. Part of the pin block 800 passes through the base 100 from the gear cavity 120 and enters the installation cavity 210, which means that the pin block 800 can be installed from the bottom of the circuit board 600, or the pin block 800 is installed first, and then the circuit board 600 is covered so that some pins on the pin block 800 are connected to the circuit board 600, and finally the circuit board 600 is fixedly connected to the base 100.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, based on the above embodiment, a vehicle includes an actuator. As a key electromechanical component, the actuator has a very wide range of applications, not only limited to the gearbox, but also includes a variety of automotive functions, especially in modern hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles. In addition to being used in the gearbox, it can also be used in the hybrid vehicle's oil-electric switching, timely four-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive switching and other functions.

[0057] For example, when applied to a gearbox, the actuator is used to control the shifting process. The actuator can also be used to manage the power switching between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor to achieve the oil-electric switching function. The actuator can also be used for timely four-wheel drive / rear-wheel drive switching. In vehicles with a timely four-wheel drive system, the actuator can control the power distribution between the front and rear axles. When the front wheel slips or other conditions that require additional traction are detected, the actuator will quickly transfer part of the power to the rear wheels to improve the vehicle's stability and passability. Similarly, in rear-wheel drive vehicles, actuators can also be used to switch between different drive modes to adapt to different driving conditions.

[0058] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0059] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions such as "first", "second", "one", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited.

[0061] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An actuator, characterized in that: include: A housing assembly, the housing assembly comprising a base (100) and an upper cover (200), the upper cover (200) being connected to the base (100) and forming a sealed cavity therebetween; A motor (300), the motor (300) being installed in the sealed cavity, and a driving gear (310) being installed on a rotating shaft of the motor (300); a gear shaft (400), the gear shaft (400) being installed in the sealed cavity, the gear shaft (400) being provided with a first gear (410) and a second gear (420), the first gear (410) and the second gear (420) both being circumferentially fixedly connected to the gear shaft (400), and the first gear (410) being meshed with the driving gear (310); an output shaft (500), the output shaft (500) being installed in the sealed cavity, the output shaft (500) being provided with a driven gear (510), the driven gear (510) being circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft (500), and the driven gear (510) being meshed with the second gear (420); The driving gear (310), the first gear (410), the second gear (420), and the driven gear (510) form a non-self-locking transmission structure.

2. An actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the output shaft (500) extends out of the base (100) and is provided with a third gear (520), and the third gear (520) is fixedly connected to the output shaft (500) in the circumferential direction.

3. An actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the base (100) is provided with an anti-misalignment rib (110), and the third gear (520) is provided with an anti-misalignment notch (521); when the output shaft (500) is located at the factory position, the anti-misalignment notch (521) on the third gear (520) is directly opposite to the anti-misalignment rib (110).

4. An actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circuit board (600) is arranged in the sealed cavity, a Hall sensor element is arranged on the circuit board (600), and a magnetic component (530) is arranged at the other end of the output shaft (500), and the magnetic component (530) is located within the sensing range of the Hall sensor element.

5. An actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven gear (510) is configured as a sector gear structure, and the gear teeth of the driven gear (510) are arranged on an arc-shaped outer edge.

6. An actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a mounting bracket (700), wherein the mounting bracket (700) is located in the sealed cavity and is fixedly connected to the base (100), the mounting bracket (700) divides the sealed cavity into a mounting cavity (210) and a gear cavity (120), the mounting cavity (210) is located in the upper cover (200), the gear cavity (120) is located in the base (100), the circuit board (600) and the motor (300) are both located in the mounting cavity (210), the motor (300) is connected to the mounting bracket (700), the gear shaft (400) and the output shaft (500) are both passed through the mounting bracket (700), and the driving gear (310), the first gear (410), the second gear (420) and the driven gear (510) are all located in the gear cavity (120).

7. An actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation cavity (210) has a concave cavity portion (211) matching the contour shape of the motor (300), the motor (300) is installed in the concave cavity portion (211), and the rotating shaft of the motor (300) passes through the installation bracket (700) and is connected to the driving gear (310).

8. An actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base (100) is provided with a bearing (130), one end of the output shaft (500) passes through the bearing (130), and a sealing ring (140) is provided between the output shaft (500) and the base (100).

9. An actuator according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a pin block (800), which is installed on the base (100), and a part of the pin block (800) is inserted from the gear cavity (120) into the installation cavity (210) and connected to the circuit board (600).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising an actuator as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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