Solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat storage drying, and particularly discloses a solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system which comprises a solar air heat collection module, a solid heat storage module, a power supply module and a temperature and humidity adjusting module. The solar air heat collection module utilizes solar energy to heat and generate hot air, the power supply module generates photovoltaic electricity through solar energy, the photovoltaic electricity can supply power to an electric heating element and convert the electric heating element into heat energy, the solid heat storage module stores the heat energy, and when no effective illumination exists, grid electricity or the off-peak electricity period of the grid electricity is utilized to supply power to the electric heating element for heat storage. The solid heat storage module can release heat energy in the whole process to heat cold air, continuous hot air generation is achieved, off-peak electricity is used for supplying power, the stability of a power grid is met, meanwhile, the production cost can be saved, and therefore solar energy is fully utilized, and the requirements for low-carbon operation and low-cost operation are met. The dryer is suitable for drying materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat storage and drying, and in particular relates to a solar hot wind medium- and high-temperature solid heat storage and drying system. Background Art

[0002] Drying is an important process in the industrial and agricultural production process and has broad market prospects. Traditional drying methods usually use fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas to heat steam, hot water and other heat-carrying media or directly generate hot air for drying. For the above drying methods, there are problems such as high energy consumption and serious pollution emissions.

[0003] Solar energy is the earliest renewable energy used by humans. It has the advantages of wide distribution, easy access, renewable, and no pollution to the environment. At present, the use of solar energy is common in solar power generation and solar water heating, and the technology is relatively mature. Therefore, solar drying technology has received attention from researchers. Although solar drying technology has many advantages, it cannot continuously supply energy for drying on cloudy days, nights, and rainy days due to the lack of sufficient light. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system, which makes full use of the effective radiation of solar energy and stores the heat generated by solar energy to achieve the purpose of drying the objects to be dried at any time, saving energy consumption and reducing pollution emissions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical methods adopted by the present invention are as follows: A solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system comprises a solar air heat collection module, a solid heat storage module and a drying heat device; the solar air heat collection module comprises an air inlet manifold, an air outlet manifold, a plurality of solar vacuum tubes and a plurality of flow guide tubes, the starting end of the air inlet manifold is an air inlet, the end of the air inlet manifold is closed, one end of the air outlet manifold corresponding to the starting end of the air inlet manifold is closed, one end of the air outlet manifold corresponding to the end of the air inlet manifold is open as an air outlet, one end of the solar vacuum tube is a closed end, the other end of the solar vacuum tube is an open end and is connected to the air outlet manifold, The number of solar vacuum tubes and guide tubes is the same, and multiple solar vacuum tubes and matching guide tubes are arranged in parallel between the air inlet header and the air outlet header, one end of the guide tube is connected to the air inlet header, and the other end of the guide tube extends to the closed end of the solar vacuum tube, and the open end of the solar vacuum tube is connected to the air outlet header to form a channel for air fluid in the solar air thermal collection module; the solid thermal storage module is provided with an air inlet connector and an air outlet connector, the air outlet of the air outlet header is connected to the air inlet connector of the solid thermal storage module, and the air outlet connector of the solid thermal storage module is connected to a drying heat device. As a limitation: it also includes a power supply module, the solid heat storage module includes a heat storage core, an outer shell, an air inlet connector and an air outlet connector, the heat storage core is arranged inside the outer shell, the air inlet connector is installed at one end of the outer shell, and the air outlet connector is installed at the other end of the outer shell; the heat storage core includes a plurality of hot air heat storage units stacked in the height direction, an electric heat storage unit is arranged between adjacent hot air heat storage units, the hot air heat storage unit includes a first solid heat storage medium and a heat exchange pipe arranged in the first solid heat storage medium, the electric heat storage unit includes a second solid heat storage medium and a heating pipe arranged in the second solid heat storage medium, an electric heating element is installed in the heating pipe, and the electric heating element is electrically connected to the power supply module.

[0006] As a further limitation: both the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat storage core are provided with a heat insulation board layer.

[0007] As a further limitation: the power supply module includes a photovoltaic power supply, a mains power supply and a power supply controller, the photovoltaic power supply includes a photovoltaic panel and an inverter, the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the inverter, the inverter and the mains power are both connected to an automatic switcher, and the automatic switcher is used to automatically switch the photovoltaic power supply and the mains power to power the electric heating elements of the solid thermal storage module.

[0008] As another limitation: the air inlet connector and the air outlet connector of the solid heat storage module are both trumpet-shaped reducer interfaces; the large opening end of the air inlet connector of the solid heat storage module is connected to one end of the outer shell; an air distribution plate is provided on the inner side of the large opening end of the air inlet connector; the small opening end of the air inlet connector of the solid heat storage module is connected to the air outlet of the solar air collector module; the large opening end of the air outlet connector of the solid heat storage module is connected to the other end of the outer shell; and the small opening end of the air outlet connector of the solid heat storage module is connected to a drying heat device.

[0009] As a further limitation: it also includes a temperature and humidity adjustment module, the temperature and humidity adjustment module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an adjustment pipeline, a first valve, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are installed on the connecting pipeline between the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module and the drying heat device, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are located between the first valve and the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module, and the connecting pipeline between the first valve and the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module is also connected to a adjustment pipeline for flowing normal temperature air, and a second valve is installed on the adjustment pipeline.

[0010] As a further limitation: it also includes a heat recovery device, the drying heat device is connected to the heat recovery device, the heat recovery device is connected to the external air and the solar air thermal collection module respectively, the recovered heat energy is used to preheat the air and transmit the preheated air to the solar air thermal collection module, and the exhausted air after the heat energy is recovered is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0011] Due to the adoption of the above scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: (1) The present invention provides a solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system, comprising a solar air heat collection module, a solid heat storage module, a power supply module and a temperature and humidity adjustment module. The power supply module and the solar air heat collection module can make full use of the effective illumination time of the sun. The solar air heat collection module generates hot air by heating with solar energy. The photovoltaic panel of the power supply module generates photovoltaic electricity through solar energy. The hot air is transmitted to the solid heat storage module. The solid heat storage module can store thermal energy. The photovoltaic electricity can power the electric heating elements in the solid heat storage module. When it is not within the effective illumination time of the sun, the solid heat storage module can release thermal energy to heat the cold air. When it is in the off-peak electricity period, the off-peak electricity is used to power the electric heating elements in the solid heat storage module, thereby realizing continuous generation of hot air. The off-peak electricity is used for power supply, which can save production costs while meeting the stability of the power grid. In addition, the solar energy is fully utilized to meet the requirements of low-carbon operation and low-cost operation. (2) The present invention provides a solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage and drying system, in which the guide pipe is extended to the bottom of the solar vacuum tube, forming an annular guide heat absorption space in the solar vacuum tube, thereby strengthening the mass transfer process and overcoming the defects of large flow resistance and low mass and heat transfer performance of ordinary heat collecting tubes. It can make full use of solar radiation, quickly heat the air to produce hot air, and improve the efficiency of air heat exchange; (3) The present invention provides a solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system. By setting a power supply module and setting an electric heating element in the solid heat storage module, when the hot air generated by the solar air heat collection module does not reach the required drying temperature, the hot air can be heated to the required drying temperature, and an insulation board layer is set to keep warm to prevent heat loss; by setting an air distribution plate on the inner side of the large open end of the air inlet joint, the air volume entering the solid heat storage module is made uniform; a single hot air heat storage unit and an electric heat storage unit are set, which are easy to assemble and convenient to carry, pack and maintain; the power supply module can automatically switch between photovoltaic power supply and AC power supply, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption and operating costs of the system and improving the system's carbon reduction capability; by setting a temperature and humidity adjustment module, the temperature and humidity of the hot air entering the drying heat device can be adjusted; by setting a heat energy recovery device, energy can be comprehensively utilized, energy waste can be avoided, and the air heating rate can be improved.

[0012] The invention is suitable for drying articles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage and drying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a solid heat storage core according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage and drying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. air inlet manifold; 2. air inlet; 3. air outlet manifold; 4. air outlet; 5. flow guide pipe; 6. solar vacuum tube; 7. air inlet joint; 8. shell; 9. air outlet joint; 10. first solid heat storage medium; 11. heat exchange pipeline; 12. second solid heat storage medium; 13. heating pipeline; 14. electric heating element; 15. insulation board layer; 16. adhesive layer; 17. temperature sensor; 18. humidity sensor; 19. regulating pipeline; 20. second valve; 21. first valve; 22. drying heat device; 23. heat energy recovery device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any improvements and equivalent changes made based on the specific embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment A solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system A solar hot air medium and high temperature solid heat storage drying system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a solar air thermal collection module, a solid heat storage module, a power supply module, a drying heat device 22, a temperature and humidity adjustment module and a heat energy recovery device 23; an induced draft fan can be arranged in front of the solar air thermal collection module, the solar air thermal collection module is connected with the solid heat storage module, the solid heat storage module is connected with the drying heat device 22, the drying heat device 22 is connected with the heat energy recovery device 23, the heat energy recovery device is respectively connected with the external air and the solar air thermal collection module, and is used for preheating the air and transmitting the preheated air to the solar air thermal collection module, the power supply module provides electric energy for the solid heat storage module, and the temperature and humidity adjustment module is installed on the connecting pipeline between the solid heat storage module and the drying heat device 22, and is used for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the hot air entering the drying heat device 22.

[0017] The solar air heat collection module includes an air inlet manifold 1, an air outlet manifold 3, a plurality of solar vacuum tubes 6 and a plurality of guide tubes 5. The starting end of the air inlet manifold 1 is an air inlet 2, and the end of the air inlet manifold 1 is closed. The end of the air outlet manifold 3 corresponding to the starting end of the air inlet manifold 1 is closed, and the end of the air outlet manifold 3 corresponding to the end of the air inlet manifold 1 is open as an air outlet 4. One end of the solar vacuum tube 6 is a closed end, and the other end of the solar vacuum tube 6 is an open end and is connected to the air outlet manifold 3. The number of solar vacuum tubes 6 and guide tubes 5 is the same. The plurality of solar vacuum tubes 6 and the matching guide tubes 5 are arranged in parallel between the air inlet manifold 1 and the air outlet manifold 3. One end of the guide tube 5 is connected to the air inlet manifold 1, and the other end of the guide tube 5 extends to the closed end of the solar vacuum tube 6. The open end of the solar vacuum tube 6 is connected to the air outlet manifold 3, forming a channel for air fluid in the solar air heat collection module. In this embodiment, the guide tube 5 is a metal tube, which is extended to the closed end of the solar vacuum tube 6 to form an annular guide and heat absorption space in the solar vacuum tube 6, thereby strengthening the mass transfer process and overcoming the defects of large flow resistance and low mass and heat transfer performance of ordinary collectors. It can make full use of solar radiation, quickly heat the air to produce hot air, and improve the efficiency of air heat exchange.

[0018] like Figure 2As shown, the solid heat storage module includes a heat storage core, a shell 8, an air inlet joint 7 and an air outlet joint 9. The heat storage core is arranged inside the shell 8. The air inlet joint 7 and the air outlet joint 9 of the solid heat storage module are both trumpet-shaped reducer interfaces. The large opening end of the air inlet joint 7 of the solid heat storage module is connected to one end of the shell 8. An air distribution plate is arranged inside the large opening end of the air inlet joint. The small opening end of the air inlet joint 7 of the solid heat storage module is connected to the air outlet 4 of the solar air heat collection module. The large opening end of the air outlet joint 9 of the solid heat storage module is connected to the other end of the shell 8. The small opening end of the air outlet joint 9 of the solid heat storage module is connected to the drying heat device 22. The heat storage core is included in Multiple hot air heat storage units are stacked in the height direction, an electric heat storage unit is arranged between adjacent hot air heat storage units, and adjacent electric heat storage units and hot air heat storage units are bonded together by using a heat conductive fine material coagulation binder, and the bonded part of the heat conductive fine material coagulation binder forms a binder layer 16, the hot air heat storage unit includes a first solid heat storage medium 10 and a heat exchange pipe 11 arranged in the first solid heat storage medium 10, the electric heat storage unit includes a second solid heat storage medium 12 and a heating pipe 13 arranged in the second solid heat storage medium 12, and an electric heating element 14 is installed in the heating pipe 13; the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat storage core are both provided with a heat insulation board layer 15. The heating pipe 13 and the heat exchange pipe 11 of this embodiment are metal pipes to improve the thermal efficiency of the system. The first solid heat storage medium 10 and the second solid heat storage medium 12 of this embodiment are both regular structures formed by concrete pouring. Concrete is a heat-conducting concrete material, which is composed of a heat conductor, cement, silica sand, gravel and water. The heat-conducting concrete material has the characteristics of thermal stability, thermal conductivity, storage and heat energy in the medium and high temperature range of 100-1000°C. The heat storage core of this embodiment can be set to multiple, and multiple heat storage cores are arranged side by side or stacked up and down to form a regular shape. The heat exchange pipes 11 of the heat storage cores arranged side by side are interconnected and the connecting parts are sealed with high-temperature resistant sealing strips. The adjacent heat storage cores are bonded together with a heat-conducting fine material coagulation binder. When the temperature of the first solid heat storage medium 10 and the second solid heat storage medium 12 of the current level heat storage core is reduced to the point where high-temperature air cannot be generated, they can continue to be used as preheaters of the next level heat storage core, maximizing the use of stored energy and improving the efficiency of the entire system.

[0019] The power supply module includes a photovoltaic power source, a city power source, and a power supply controller. The photovoltaic power source includes a photovoltaic panel and an inverter. The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the inverter. The inverter and the city power source are both connected to an automatic switcher. The automatic switcher is used to automatically switch the photovoltaic power source and the city power source to supply power to the electric heating element 14 of the solid thermal storage module. During the effective solar radiation period, the photovoltaic panel uses solar energy to produce electricity, which is converted into 220V-380V AC power by the inverter. After passing through the electric heating element 14, the electric energy is converted into heat energy and stored in the solid thermal storage module; since the daily radiation period of solar energy is limited, the photovoltaic power can be fully utilized during the day to provide electricity for the electric heating element 14, and the low-peak power electric heating element 14 can be used to provide electricity at night, which reduces the overall energy consumption and operating costs of the system and improves the system's carbon reduction and carbon reduction capabilities.

[0020] The temperature and humidity adjustment module includes a temperature sensor 17, a humidity sensor 18 and an adjustment pipeline 19. A first valve 21, a temperature sensor 17 and a humidity sensor 18 are installed on the connecting pipeline between the solid thermal storage module air outlet connector 9 and the drying heat device 22. The temperature sensor 17 and the humidity sensor 18 are located between the first valve 21 and the solid thermal storage module air outlet connector 9. The connecting pipeline between the first valve 21 and the solid thermal storage module air outlet connector 9 is also connected to the adjustment pipeline 19 for flowing normal temperature air, and a second valve 20 is installed on the adjustment pipeline 19.

[0021] When the solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system of the present embodiment is used to dry feed, the corn stalks are chopped and crushed, and evenly introduced into the rotary drum dryer. An induced draft fan is arranged in front of the air inlet 2 of the solar air thermal collection module to introduce air into the solar air thermal collection module. The air flows into the solar vacuum tube 6 through the solar air thermal collection module air inlet manifold 1 and the guide tube 5, and then flows out to the air outlet manifold 3. During the air flow, the air is heated by solar radiation in the guide tube 5 and the solar vacuum tube 6, and the hot air produced flows through the air outlet manifold 3 and the air inlet joint 7 of the solid thermal storage module to the heat exchange pipe 11 and the heating pipe 13 of the thermal storage core to exchange heat with the first solid thermal storage medium 10 and the second solid thermal storage medium 12, and the heat is stored in the first solid thermal storage medium 10 and the second solid thermal storage medium 12; when drying is required, the air is taken from the solid thermal storage module. The hot air is exported. When the temperature of the hot air does not reach the temperature required for drying, the power supply module provides electric energy to the electric heating element 14 to heat the first solid heat storage medium 10, the second solid heat storage medium 12 and the air, and keep them warm. The power supply module can automatically switch between photovoltaic power supply and city power supply according to demand. If the temperature of the hot air exported from the solid heat storage module is too high, it can be adjusted through the adjustment pipeline 19 of the temperature and humidity adjustment module, and the second valve 20 is opened to allow room temperature air to cool the hot air until it meets the temperature required for drying. In this embodiment, the hot air temperature is adjusted to 60°C-90°C, the first valve 21 is opened, and the hot air flows into the dryer to dry the feed for 4-5 minutes. The dried feed flows out from the dryer outlet to the radiator, and the heat energy is recovered by the heat energy recovery device 23. The moisture content is reduced to below 10%, and the outlet temperature is reduced to 15°C, and the feed is packaged for standby use.

Claims

1. A solar hot air medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a solar air heat collection module, a solid heat storage module and a drying heat device; the solar air heat collection module comprises an air inlet manifold, an air outlet manifold, a plurality of solar vacuum tubes and a plurality of guide tubes, the starting end of the air inlet manifold is an air inlet, the end of the air inlet manifold is closed, one end of the air outlet manifold corresponding to the starting end of the air inlet manifold is closed, one end of the air outlet manifold corresponding to the end of the air inlet manifold is open as an air outlet, one end of the solar vacuum tube is a closed end, the other end of the solar vacuum tube is an open end and is connected to the air outlet manifold, the solar vacuum tube and the guide tube The number of solar vacuum tubes is the same, and the multiple solar vacuum tubes and the matching guide tubes are arranged in parallel between the air inlet header and the air outlet header, one end of the guide tube is connected with the air inlet header, and the other end of the guide tube extends to the closed end of the solar vacuum tube, and the open end of the solar vacuum tube is connected with the air outlet header to form a channel for air fluid in the solar air thermal collection module; the solid thermal storage module is provided with an air inlet joint and an air outlet joint, the air outlet of the air outlet header is connected with the air inlet joint of the solid thermal storage module, and the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module is connected to the drying heat device.

2. A solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module. The solid heat storage module includes a heat storage core, an outer shell, an air inlet connector and an air outlet connector. The heat storage core is arranged inside the outer shell, the air inlet connector is installed at one end of the outer shell, and the air outlet connector is installed at the other end of the outer shell. The heat storage core includes a plurality of hot air heat storage units stacked in a height direction, an electric heat storage unit is arranged between adjacent hot air heat storage units, the hot air heat storage unit includes a first solid heat storage medium and a heat exchange pipe arranged in the first solid heat storage medium, the electric heat storage unit includes a second solid heat storage medium and a heating pipe arranged in the second solid heat storage medium, an electric heating element is installed in the heating pipe, and the electric heating element is electrically connected to the power supply module.

3. A solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface and the lower surface of the heat storage core are both provided with heat insulation board layers.

4. A solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply module includes a photovoltaic power supply, a mains power supply and a power supply controller. The photovoltaic power supply includes a photovoltaic panel and an inverter. The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the inverter. The inverter and the mains power are both connected to an automatic switcher. The automatic switcher is used to automatically switch the photovoltaic power supply and the mains power to power the electric heating elements of the solid thermal storage module.

5. The solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage drying system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet joint and the air outlet joint of the solid heat storage module are both trumpet-shaped reducer interfaces. The large opening end of the air inlet joint of the solid heat storage module is connected to one end of the outer shell, and an air distribution plate is provided inside the large opening end of the air inlet joint. The small opening end of the air inlet joint of the solid heat storage module is connected to the air outlet of the solar air collector module, the large opening end of the air outlet joint of the solid heat storage module is connected to the other end of the outer shell, and the small opening end of the air outlet joint of the solid heat storage module is connected to the drying heat device.

6. A solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage and drying system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature and humidity adjustment module, which includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an adjustment pipeline. A first valve, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are installed on the connecting pipeline between the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module and the drying heat device. The temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are located between the first valve and the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module. The connecting pipeline between the first valve and the air outlet joint of the solid thermal storage module is also connected to an adjustment pipeline for flowing normal temperature air, and a second valve is installed on the adjustment pipeline.

7. A solar hot wind medium-high temperature solid heat storage and drying system according to any one of claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a heat recovery device, a drying heat device is connected to the heat recovery device, and the heat recovery device is respectively connected to the external air and the solar air thermal collection module. The recovered heat energy is used to preheat the air and transmit the preheated air to the solar air thermal collection module, and the exhausted air after the heat energy is recovered is discharged into the atmosphere.

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