Intelligent power supply control circuit

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent power supply control circuit, and relates to the field of power supplies, and the circuit comprises a switch control module which is used for controlling starting through a single key and supplying power to a battery charging module after starting; the battery charging module is used for charging a battery after voltage is input; the voltage sampling feedback module is used for detecting the magnitude of the output voltage of the switch control module, obtaining a sampling voltage and selecting the number of voltage signals output to the single chip microcomputer based on the magnitude of the sampling voltage, and the single chip microcomputer is based on the number of the input voltage signals. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the voltage sampling feedback module and the current detection control module are arranged to cooperate with the single-chip microcomputer, and the set reference voltage is changed based on the detected different voltages, so that when the rated charging voltages are different, the reference voltage can be automatically changed to be matched with the corresponding rated charging current, and the charging efficiency is improved. And the use requirements of different charging devices are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of power supplies, and in particular to an intelligent power supply control circuit. Background Art

[0002] Chargers are often set with different rated charging voltages and charging currents to meet the charging needs of different models of mobile phones, tablets and other devices, such as 5V / 3A, 11V / 6A, 20V / 5A, etc. The rated voltages and currents during charging are different, which brings problems to overcurrent protection.

[0003] Setting a fixed current threshold will affect the charging of different devices (for example, 5A). When the current threshold is smaller than the rated charging current of the device to be charged (for example, a device rated at 6A), the charging will be disconnected. When the current threshold is larger than the rated charging current of the device to be charged (for example, a device rated at 3A), no protection can be provided when overcurrent occurs. Therefore, setting a fixed current threshold is difficult to meet the usage requirements of different charging devices and needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent power supply control circuit to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An intelligent power supply control circuit, comprising: A switch control module is used to control the start-up through a single button and to supply power to the battery charging module after the start-up; A battery charging module is used to charge the battery after voltage input; The voltage sampling feedback module is used to detect the output voltage of the switch control module, obtain the sampled voltage, and select the number of voltage signals output to the single-chip microcomputer based on the size of the sampled voltage. The single-chip microcomputer changes the reference voltage size (i.e., the corresponding current threshold) transmitted to the current detection control module based on the number of input voltage signals. The current detection control module is used to obtain the real-time voltage corresponding to the current flowing through the battery, determine the size of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage, and control whether the switch control module stops working; The output end of the switch control module is connected to the input end of the battery charging module and the input end of the voltage sampling feedback module. The output end of the battery charging module is connected to the first input end of the current detection control module. The output end of the voltage sampling feedback module is connected to the second input end of the current detection control module through the single-chip microcomputer. The output end of the current detection control module is connected to the input end of the switch control module.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the switch control module includes a first button, a first diode, a second diode, a first resistor, a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, and a third diode. One end of the first button is connected to the D pole of the second MOS tube and the power supply voltage, the other end of the first button is connected to the cathode of the third diode, the anode of the first diode, and the S pole of the first MOS tube, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the G pole of the first MOS tube and the output end of the current detection control module, the D pole of the first MOS tube is connected to the G pole of the second MOS tube, and the S pole of the second MOS tube is connected to the anode of the third diode, the input end of the battery charging module, and the input end of the voltage sampling feedback module.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the battery charging module includes a second resistor and a first battery, one end of the second resistor is connected to the output end of the switch control module, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery, the negative electrode of the first battery is grounded, and the two ends of the second resistor serve as the output ends of the battery charging module and are connected to the first input end of the current detection control module.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the voltage sampling feedback module includes a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a second capacitor, and a feedback unit, one end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output end of the switch control module, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the second capacitor, and one end of the feedback unit, the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the feedback unit is grounded.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the feedback unit is composed of multiple feedback sub-units in parallel, the feedback sub-unit includes a voltage regulator diode and a ninth resistor, the cathode of the voltage regulator diode is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor, the anode of the voltage regulator diode is connected to one end of the ninth resistor and an IO port of the single-chip computer, the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded, and the rated voltages of the voltage regulator diodes of different feedback sub-units are different.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the current detection control module includes: A current-to-voltage unit is used to sample the charging current flowing through the battery, convert it into a real-time voltage, and output it to the current threshold judgment unit; A current threshold judgment unit is used to judge the magnitude of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage. When the real-time voltage is greater than the reference voltage, a voltage signal is output to the switch control module to control the switch control module to stop working. The input end of the current-to-voltage unit is connected to the output end of the battery charging module, the output end of the current-to-voltage unit is connected to the first input end of the current threshold judgment unit, the second input end of the current threshold judgment unit is connected to the IO port of the microcontroller, and the output end of the current threshold judgment unit is connected to the input end of the switch control module.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the current-to-voltage unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first amplifier, and a first capacitor. One end of the third resistor is connected to the output end of the battery charging module, one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output end of the battery charging module, the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor and the in-phase end of the first amplifier, the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and the inverting end of the first amplifier, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output end of the first amplifier, one end of the first capacitor, and the first input end of the current threshold judgment unit, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the current threshold judgment unit includes a second amplifier, a third transistor, and a fourth diode. The in-phase end of the second amplifier is connected to the output end of the current-to-voltage unit, the inverting end of the second amplifier is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the output end of the second amplifier is connected to the base of the third transistor, the collector of the third transistor is connected to the power supply voltage, the emitter of the third transistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the input end of the switch control module.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention sets a voltage sampling feedback module and a current detection control module, and cooperates with a single-chip microcomputer to change the set reference voltage based on the different voltage sizes detected, so that when the rated charging voltage is different, the reference voltage will be automatically changed to match the corresponding rated charging current, thereby meeting the use requirements of different charging devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of an intelligent power supply control circuit is shown in FIG.

[0015] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the current detection control module.

[0016] Figure 3 The invention is a circuit diagram of an intelligent power supply control circuit.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-chip microcomputer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , an intelligent power supply control circuit, comprising: The switch control module 1 is used to start the battery by a single button and supply power to the battery charging module 2 after starting the battery; A battery charging module 2 is used to charge the battery after voltage input; The voltage sampling feedback module 3 is used to detect the output voltage of the switch control module 1, obtain the sampled voltage, and select the number of voltage signals output to the single-chip microcomputer based on the size of the sampled voltage. The single-chip microcomputer changes the reference voltage size (i.e., the corresponding current threshold) transmitted to the current detection control module 4 based on the number of input voltage signals. The current detection control module 4 is used to obtain the real-time voltage corresponding to the current flowing through the battery, determine the magnitude of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage, and control whether the switch control module 1 stops working; The output end of the switch control module 1 is connected to the input end of the battery charging module 2 and the input end of the voltage sampling feedback module 3. The output end of the battery charging module 2 is connected to the first input end of the current detection control module 4. The output end of the voltage sampling feedback module 3 is connected to the second input end of the current detection control module 4 through the single-chip microcomputer. The output end of the current detection control module 4 is connected to the input end of the switch control module 1.

[0020] In this example: See Figure 3 The switch control module 1 includes a first button S1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first resistor R1, a first MOS tube V1, a second MOS tube V2, and a third diode D3. One end of the first button S1 is connected to the D pole of the second MOS tube V2 and the power supply voltage VCC, the other end of the first button S1 is connected to the cathode of the third diode D3, the anode of the first diode D1, and the S pole of the first MOS tube V1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the G pole of the first MOS tube V1 and the output end of the current detection control module 4, the D pole of the first MOS tube V1 is connected to the G pole of the second MOS tube V2, the S pole of the second MOS tube V2 is connected to the anode of the third diode D3, the input end of the battery charging module 2, and the input end of the voltage sampling feedback module 3.

[0021] The first button S1 will pop up after being pressed. After the first button S1 is pressed, the voltage passes through the first diode D1, the second diode D2, and the first resistor R1, so that the G pole of the first MOS tube V1 is at a low level (compared with the S pole of the first MOS tube V1), and the first MOS tube V1 is turned on, so that the G pole of the second MOS tube V2 is at a high level, and the second MOS tube V2 is turned on, and the output voltage supplies power to the subsequent circuit. At the same time, the voltage is maintained for the common point A through the third diode D3 to ensure that the circuit is still turned on after the first button S1 pops up.

[0022] In another embodiment, the second diode D2 may be omitted, and the second diode D2 is used as a light emitting diode to indicate the working state of the switch control module 1 .

[0023] In this example: See Figure 3 The battery charging module 2 includes a second resistor R2 and a first battery E1. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output end of the switch control module 1, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery E1. The negative electrode of the first battery E1 is grounded. Both ends of the second resistor R2 serve as the output ends of the battery charging module 2 and are connected to the first input end of the current detection control module 4.

[0024] After the second MOS tube V2 is turned on, the voltage charges the first battery E1 through the second resistor R2.

[0025] In another embodiment, a capacitor may be added to maintain the stability of the charging voltage.

[0026] In this example: See Figure 3 The voltage sampling feedback module 3 includes a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a second capacitor C2, and a feedback unit. One end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the switch control module 1, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, one end of the second capacitor C2, and one end of the feedback unit. The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded, and the other end of the feedback unit is grounded.

[0027] In this example: See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The feedback unit is composed of multiple feedback sub-units connected in parallel. The feedback sub-unit includes a voltage regulator diode and a ninth resistor R9. The cathode of the voltage regulator diode is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7, the anode of the voltage regulator diode is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9 and an IO port of the single-chip computer, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded. The rated voltages of the voltage regulator diodes of different feedback sub-units are different.

[0028] The sum of the voltages across the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 is the output voltage of the switch control module 1. The voltage across the eighth resistor R8 is used as a detection voltage and fed back to multiple feedback sub-units. Based on whether the voltage-regulating diode of the feedback sub-unit is turned on, the current input voltage is judged and fed back to the microcontroller.

[0029] Taking three feedback subunits as examples, corresponding to the charging conditions of 5V / 3A, 11V / 6A, and 20V / 5A respectively, the voltage stabilizing diodes are the fifth diode D5, the sixth diode D6, and the seventh diode D7 respectively. When the voltage is 5V, only the fifth diode D5 is turned on, and the IO1 port of the single-chip computer receives the voltage signal. When the voltage is 11V, the fifth diode D5 and the sixth diode D6 are turned on, and the IO1 and IO2 ports of the single-chip computer receive the voltage signal. When the voltage is 20V, the fifth diode D5, the sixth diode D6, and the seventh diode D7 are all turned on, and the IO1, IO2, and IO3 of the single-chip computer all receive the voltage signal. Based on the different number of voltage signals received by the single-chip computer, the reference voltage output by the IO4 port is different. Under the conditions of 3A rated current, 6A rated current, and 5A rated current, the reference voltage is used as the detection voltage when the battery charging current exceeds the threshold current.

[0030] In another embodiment: Here, three feedback sub-units are taken as an example to correspond to the charging conditions of 5V / 3A, 11V / 6A, and 20V / 5A of the charger. In actual use, the number of feedback sub-units is not limited to meet different charging requirements such as 9V / 3A, 10V / 4A, etc.

[0031] In this example: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the current detection control module 4 includes: The current-to-voltage unit 41 is used to sample the charging current flowing through the battery, convert it into a real-time voltage, and output it to the current threshold determination unit 42; The current threshold judgment unit 42 is used to judge the magnitude of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage. When the real-time voltage is greater than the reference voltage, the current threshold judgment unit 42 outputs a voltage signal to the switch control module 1 to control the switch control module 1 to stop working. The input end of the current-to-voltage unit 41 is connected to the output end of the battery charging module 2, the output end of the current-to-voltage unit 41 is connected to the first input end of the current threshold judgment unit 42, the second input end of the current threshold judgment unit 42 is connected to the IO port of the microcontroller, and the output end of the current threshold judgment unit 42 is connected to the input end of the switch control module 1.

[0032] In this example: See Figure 3The current-to-voltage unit 41 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a first amplifier U1, and a first capacitor C1. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output end of the battery charging module 2, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the battery charging module 2, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the in-phase end of the first amplifier U1, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the inverting end of the first amplifier U1, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the output end of the first amplifier U1, one end of the first capacitor C1, and the first input end of the current threshold judgment unit 42, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0033] The second resistor R2 is connected in series with the first battery E1, the current on the second resistor R2 is the charging current of the first battery E1, and the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, and the first amplifier U1 form a differential circuit to obtain a voltage signal corresponding to the current on the second resistor R2, and output it to the current threshold judgment unit 42. The resistance ratio of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is the same as the resistance ratio of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6.

[0034] In another embodiment: the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, and the sixth resistor R6 may be replaced with potentiometers to facilitate adjustment of the amplification factor of the differential voltage.

[0035] In this example: See Figure 3 The current threshold judgment unit 42 includes a second amplifier U2, a third transistor V3, and a fourth diode D4. The in-phase end of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the output end of the current-to-voltage unit 41, the inverting end of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the output end of the second amplifier U2 is connected to the base of the third transistor V3, the collector of the third transistor V3 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC, the emitter of the third transistor V3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the input end of the switch control module 1.

[0036] When facing different charging devices, after the first button S1 is pressed, the first battery E1 is charged. At this time, the voltage sampling feedback module 3 and the single-chip microcomputer cooperate to obtain the threshold information of the corresponding current based on the voltage size, generate a reference voltage, and output it to the inverting end of the second amplifier U2 to ensure that charging protection can be provided at different rated charging voltages and charging currents.

[0037] When the first battery E1 is charged normally, the current on the second resistor R2 is normal, the voltage at the in-phase terminal of the second amplifier U2 is less than the voltage at the inverting terminal, and the second amplifier U2 outputs a low level; when the charging current of the first battery E1 is too large, the voltage at the in-phase terminal of the second amplifier U2 is higher than the reverse voltage, the second amplifier U2 outputs a high level, the third transistor V3 is turned on, so that the common point B is a high level, the first MOS tube V1 is turned off, the second MOS tube V2 is turned off, and the common point A becomes a low level, which can no longer trigger the switch control module 1 to self-lock, the circuit is disconnected, and the charging of the first battery E1 stops.

[0038] In another embodiment: a related alarm device may be provided to trigger a prompt after the third transistor V3 is turned on.

[0039] The working principle of the present invention is: the switch control module 1 is used to start through a single button control, and after starting, it supplies power to the battery charging module 2; the battery charging module 2 is used to charge the battery after the voltage is input; the voltage sampling feedback module 3 is used to detect the output voltage of the switch control module 1, obtain the sampled voltage, and select the number of voltage signals output to the single-chip microcomputer based on the size of the sampled voltage. The single-chip microcomputer changes the reference voltage size (i.e., the corresponding current threshold) transmitted to the current detection control module 4 based on the number of input voltage signals; the current detection control module 4 is used to obtain the real-time voltage corresponding to the current flowing through the battery, judge the size of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage, and control whether the switch control module 1 stops working.

[0040] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects.

[0041] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An intelligent power supply control circuit, characterized in that: The intelligent power control circuit comprises: A switch control module is used to control the start-up through a single button and to supply power to the battery charging module after the start-up; A battery charging module is used to charge the battery after voltage input; The voltage sampling feedback module is used to detect the output voltage of the switch control module, obtain the sampling voltage, and select the number of voltage signals output to the single-chip microcomputer based on the size of the sampling voltage. The single-chip microcomputer changes the reference voltage transmitted to the current detection control module based on the number of input voltage signals; The current detection control module is used to obtain the real-time voltage corresponding to the current flowing through the battery, determine the size of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage, and control whether the switch control module stops working; The output end of the switch control module is connected to the input end of the battery charging module and the input end of the voltage sampling feedback module. The output end of the battery charging module is connected to the first input end of the current detection control module. The output end of the voltage sampling feedback module is connected to the second input end of the current detection control module through the single-chip microcomputer. The output end of the current detection control module is connected to the input end of the switch control module.

2. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch control module includes a first button, a first diode, a second diode, a first resistor, a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, and a third diode. One end of the first button is connected to the D pole of the second MOS tube and the power supply voltage, the other end of the first button is connected to the cathode of the third diode, the anode of the first diode, and the S pole of the first MOS tube, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the G pole of the first MOS tube and the output end of the current detection control module, the D pole of the first MOS tube is connected to the G pole of the second MOS tube, the S pole of the second MOS tube is connected to the anode of the third diode, the input end of the battery charging module, and the input end of the voltage sampling feedback module.

3. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery charging module includes a second resistor and a first battery. One end of the second resistor is connected to the output end of the switch control module, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery. The negative electrode of the first battery is grounded. The two ends of the second resistor serve as the output ends of the battery charging module and are connected to the first input end of the current detection control module.

4. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage sampling feedback module includes a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a second capacitor, and a feedback unit. One end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output end of the switch control module, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to one end of the eighth resistor, one end of the second capacitor, and one end of the feedback unit. The other end of the eighth resistor is grounded, the other end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the feedback unit is grounded.

5. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feedback unit is composed of multiple feedback sub-units connected in parallel. The feedback sub-unit includes a voltage-stabilizing diode and a ninth resistor. The cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor, the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to one end of the ninth resistor and an IO port of the single-chip computer, and the other end of the ninth resistor is grounded. The rated voltages of the voltage-stabilizing diodes of different feedback sub-units are different.

6. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current detection control module includes: A current-to-voltage unit is used to sample the charging current flowing through the battery, convert it into a real-time voltage, and output it to the current threshold judgment unit; A current threshold judgment unit is used to judge the magnitude of the real-time voltage and the reference voltage. When the real-time voltage is greater than the reference voltage, a voltage signal is output to the switch control module to control the switch control module to stop working. The input end of the current-to-voltage unit is connected to the output end of the battery charging module, the output end of the current-to-voltage unit is connected to the first input end of the current threshold judgment unit, the second input end of the current threshold judgment unit is connected to the IO port of the microcontroller, and the output end of the current threshold judgment unit is connected to the input end of the switch control module.

7. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current-to-voltage unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a first amplifier, and a first capacitor. One end of the third resistor is connected to the output end of the battery charging module, one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the output end of the battery charging module, the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor and the in-phase end of the first amplifier, the other end of the fourth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and the inverting end of the first amplifier, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the output end of the first amplifier, one end of the first capacitor, and the first input end of the current threshold judgment unit, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

8. The intelligent power supply control circuit according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The current threshold judgment unit includes a second amplifier, a third triode, and a fourth diode. The in-phase end of the second amplifier is connected to the output end of the current-to-voltage unit, the inverting end of the second amplifier is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the output end of the second amplifier is connected to the base of the third triode, the collector of the third triode is connected to the power supply voltage, the emitter of the third triode is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the input end of the switch control module.

Images