Device for efficiently crushing, ridging, covering and returning root straws of ridge culture crops to field

Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to an efficient ridge crop root straw crushing, ridge moving and field covering device which comprises a rack, a root straw collecting device, a root straw crushing device and a ridge moving device. According to the root straw collecting device, straw pulling tooth sets of three different angles and types are installed to be attached to the furrow shape to pick up straw, and the stubble cleaning quality is improved through a root digging cutter with the throwing action; according to the root straw crushing device, two crushing rollers and a crushing spiral shell rotate in the opposite direction and rotate at the same time through planet wheels, three crushing cutters are meshed with one another, root straw is crushed more efficiently, and the crushed root straw is blown into furrows through a fan; according to the ridge moving device, soil of ridges on the two adjacent sides of a furrow is flatly pushed to the furrow through planet wheels to form new ridges, the new ridges are subjected to viscosity reduction and suppression through the buffering effect of roller protrusions, broken root straw covering and returning to the field are completed, soil turning is avoided, and soil moisture conservation is effectively achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a device for efficiently crushing, ridge-moving, covering and returning roots and straws of ridge-planted crops to the field. Background Art

[0002] The existing mechanical operation of returning straw to the field is to break up the straw and only scatter it on the field surface. Most machines do not clean the roots thoroughly when breaking the straw, resulting in low straw breaking quality. The decomposition rate of the broken straw is slow, which affects the quality of subsequent field operations. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to develop a device for efficiently crushing, ridge-moving, covering and returning roots and straws of ridge-cropped crops to the field in response to the above-mentioned technical problems. The device can pick up the straw and stubble respectively through the cooperation of a straw-pulling tooth group and a root-planing knife that fit the shape of the ridge ditch, send the roots and straws to the crushing device through a conveyor belt for crushing, crush the roots and straws through counter-rotating non-equal-diameter rollers, and blow the crushed roots and straws into the ditch with a fan. The ridge-moving device can push the soil of the ridges adjacent to both sides of the ditch toward the ditch direction to fill and cover the crushed roots and straws and form new ridges. The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a device for efficiently crushing, ridge-moving, covering and returning roots and straws of ridge-cropped crops, characterized in that the device includes a frame, a root and straw collecting device, a root and straw crushing device, and a ridge-moving device. The front end of the frame is provided with a root and straw collecting device, the upper end of the frame is provided with a root and straw crushing device, and the lower end of the frame is provided with a ridge-moving device.

[0004] The root straw collection device includes a collection shell, a collection rotating frame, straw-pulling teeth, a root planing knife, a collection spiral shaft and a conveyor belt. The first battery and the first motor are both fixedly installed at the rear end of the collection shell, the first battery and the first motor are connected by electric wires, the first collection gear is fixedly installed concentrically with the power output shaft of the first motor, the first collection gear is meshed with the second collection gear, the second collection gear and the first collection pulley are both fixedly installed concentrically with one end of the collection spiral shaft, both ends of the collection spiral shaft are rotatably installed on both ends of the collection shell, the second collection pulley is concentrically fixedly installed at one end of the collection rotating frame, the first collection pulley and the second collection pulley are connected by a collection belt transmission, and both ends of the collection rotating frame are rotatably installed on the collection shell, the above-mentioned straw-pulling teeth include first straw-pulling teeth, second straw-pulling teeth, and third straw-pulling teeth, and the first straw-pulling teeth, the second straw-pulling teeth and the third straw-pulling teeth are arranged in different The installation angle is fixed on the collecting rotating frame in sequence from both ends to the middle. The root planing knife is composed of a blade, a knife column and a top plate. The root planing knife is inserted in the groove of the collecting rotating frame. The root planing spring is mounted on the knife column of the root planing knife, and its two ends are respectively contacted and connected with the top plate at the upper end of the root planing knife and the inside of the collecting rotating frame. The top plate at the upper end of the root planing knife is in contact with the root planing cam. The root planing cam is fixed to the root planing cam shaft, and both ends of the root planing cam shaft are fixed to the two ends of the collecting shell; the transmission gear and the second collecting gear are meshed and fixed concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt, the first transmission pulley is fixed concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt, the second transmission pulley is fixed concentrically with the driven shaft of the conveyor belt, the first transmission pulley and the second transmission pulley are connected through a transmission belt transmission, the driving shaft and the driven shaft of the conveyor belt are respectively inserted at the two ends of the transmission baffle, and the two ends of the transmission baffle are respectively fixed to the collecting shell and the frame.

[0005] The root straw crushing device includes a second motor, a crushing spiral housing, a crushing roller, a crushing knife and a fan. The second battery and the second motor are both fixed to the frame, and the second battery and the second motor are connected by wires. The first gear is fixed concentrically with the power output shaft at one end of the second motor, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the second gear is fixed concentrically with the middle part of the crushing spiral housing, and the crushing spiral housing is rotatably installed on the upper part of the frame; the first crushing pulley is fixed concentrically with the power output shaft at the other end of the second motor, the second crushing pulley is fixed to the outer side of the first crushing connecting rod between the center and one end, and the first crushing belt is fixed The first crushing roller and the second crushing pulley are connected by a crushing belt transmission, the crushing roller includes a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller, the two ends of the first crushing connecting rod are rotatably installed with the small diameter end of the first crushing roller and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller, and the small diameter end of the first crushing roller and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller can be rotatably installed on the crushing gear partition, the crushing gear partition can be rotatably installed in the internal groove of the internal gear, the internal gear is fixed at one end of the frame, the center of the gear shaft is rotatably installed in the groove of the first crushing connecting rod, the third gear and the fourth gear are concentrically fixed at the two ends of the gear shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the internal gear The fifth gear is fixedly mounted concentrically at the small diameter end of the first crushing roller and meshes with the fourth gear. The sixth gear is rotatably mounted at the center position of the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod and meshes with the fourth gear and the seventh gear respectively. The seventh gear is rotatably mounted at a position between the center and one end of the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod and meshes with the eighth gear. The eighth gear is fixedly mounted concentrically at the large diameter end of the second crushing roller. The first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are installed oppositely. The large diameter end of the first crushing roller and the small diameter end of the second crushing roller are rotatably mounted at both ends of the second crushing connecting rod respectively. The second crushing connecting rod is rotatably mounted between the center and one end. The first crushing knife is approximately triangular in shape, and is evenly arranged along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the large-diameter end of the crushing roller; the outer blade of the second crushing knife is approximately "W"-shaped, and the inner blade is arc-shaped, and is evenly arranged along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the middle of the crushing roller; the third crushing knife is approximately "human"-shaped, and is evenly arranged along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the small-diameter end of the crushing roller; the third battery is fixed at the bottom of the frame, the third motor is fixed at one end of the frame, the third battery and the third motor are connected by electric wires, and the fan is fixed to the power output shaft of the third motor.

[0006] The ridge moving device includes a ridge moving gear, a ridge moving blade, a roller frame and a roller. The fourth battery and the fourth motor are both fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame. The fourth battery and the fourth motor are connected by electric wires. The above-mentioned ridge moving gear includes a first ridge moving gear, a second ridge moving gear, a third ridge moving gear, a fourth ridge moving gear and a fifth ridge moving gear. The fourth motor power output shaft passes through a groove on the frame and is fixedly mounted concentrically with the first ridge moving gear. The ridge moving gear shaft is fixedly mounted on the frame. The second ridge moving gear is rotatably installed concentrically on the ridge moving gear shaft and meshes with the first ridge moving gear. The ridge moving gear connection The connecting rod is triangular in shape, the first corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod is fixed with the second ridge shifting gear, the third ridge shifting gear is fixed concentrically with the ridge shifting gear shaft and meshes with the fourth ridge shifting gear, the fourth ridge shifting gear is rotatably installed on the second corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod and meshes with the fifth ridge shifting gear, the fifth ridge shifting gear is rotatably installed on the third corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod, the center of the track limiting plate is fixed at the lowest end of the ridge shifting gear shaft, one end of the ridge shifting connecting rod is fixed concentrically with the fifth ridge shifting gear, the ridge shifting knife bar is rotatably installed in the groove at the other end of the ridge shifting connecting rod, The torsion spring is concentrically mounted on the cross bar at the lower end of the ridge moving cutter rod, and both ends of the ridge moving torsion spring are in contact with the ridge moving cutter plate, the middle part of the ridge moving torsion spring is in contact with the ridge moving cutter rod, the mounting hole on the top of the ridge moving cutter plate is rotatably mounted on the cross bar at the lower end of the ridge moving cutter rod, the roller frame is rotatably mounted on the frame, one end of the roller limiting rod is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the other end is inserted into the groove of the roller frame, the roller spring is mounted on the roller limiting rod, and its two ends are respectively in contact with the roller frame and the upper end of the roller limiting rod, and the above-mentioned roller includes a roller shell, a roller inner shaft, and a roller The roller protrusion, roller protrusion spring, roller protrusion spring sleeve, both ends of the roller inner shaft are rotatably installed with the connecting rods on both sides of the roller frame, the roller outer shell is concentrically fixed with the roller inner shaft, the roller protrusion is slidably installed in the groove on the surface of the roller outer shell, the two ends of the roller protrusion spring are respectively fixed with the roller protrusion and the roller inner shaft, the roller protrusion spring sleeve is sleeved on the roller protrusion spring, and its two ends are respectively fixed with the roller inner shaft and the roller outer shell, and the two ground wheels are rotatably installed on both sides of the frame, thereby forming a ridge-cultivated crop root and straw efficient crushing, ridge moving, covering and returning device to the field.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention mainly comprises a frame, a root straw collecting device, a root straw crushing device, and a ridge moving device; the root straw collecting device picks up straw by installing three straw-picking tooth groups of different angles and types to fit the shape of the ridge, and improves the quality of cleaning the root stubble by using the root planing knife with a projectile action; the root straw crushing device uses planetary gears to realize that the two crushing rollers rotate in the opposite direction to the crushing spiral shell while rotating on their own, and the three crushing knives mesh with each other to crush the roots and straw more efficiently, and the crushed roots and straw are blown into the ridge by the fan; the ridge moving device uses planetary gears to push the soil of the ridge platforms on both sides of the ridge adjacent to the ridge toward the ridge to form a new ridge platform, and the new ridge platform is reduced and suppressed by the buffering effect of the roller protrusion, so as to complete the covering and returning of the crushed roots and straw to the field, avoid soil turning, and effectively realize soil moisture conservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 A partial axonometric view of a device for efficiently crushing and mulching ridge-planted crops and returning them to the field

[0010] Figure 2 Partial axonometric view of the root and straw collection device

[0011] Figure 3 Partial axonometric view of the root and straw crushing device

[0012] Figure 4 Partial axonometric view of the ridge moving device

[0013] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0014] 1. frame 2. collection shell 3. first storage battery 4. first motor 5. first collection gear 6. second collection gear 7. first collection pulley 8. collection belt 9. second collection pulley 10. collection rotating frame 11. first straw tooth 12. second straw tooth 13. third straw tooth 14. root planing knife 15. root planing spring 16. root planing cam 17. root planing cam shaft 18. collection spiral shaft 19. transmission gear 20. transmission belt 21. first transmission pulley 22. transmission belt 23. second transmission pulley 24. second storage battery 25. second motor 26. first gear 27. second gear 28. crushing spiral shell 29. first crushing pulley 30. crushing belt 31. second crushing pulley 32. first crushing connecting rod 33. third gear 34. gear shaft 35. fourth gear 36. fifth gear 37. sixth gear 38. first crushing connecting rod 39. Seventh gear 39, eighth gear 40, first crushing roller 41, second crushing connecting rod 42, third storage battery 43, third motor 44, fan 45, crushing gear partition 46, first crushing knife 47, second crushing knife 48, third crushing knife 49, fourth storage battery 50, fourth motor 51, first ridge shifting gear 52, second ridge shifting gear 53, ridge shifting gear connecting rod 54, third ridge shifting gear 55, fourth ridge shifting gear 56, fifth ridge shifting gear 57, trajectory limiting plate 58, ridge shifting knife rod 59, ridge shifting torsion spring 60, ridge shifting knife plate 61, roller frame 62, roller limiting rod 63, roller spring 64, roller shell 65, roller inner shaft 66, roller protrusion 67, roller protrusion spring 68, roller protrusion spring sleeve 69, ridge shifting gear shaft 70, ridge shifting connecting rod 71, internal gear 72, ground wheel 73, transmission baffle 74, second crushing roller DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is a detailed description of an implementation scheme of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A device for efficiently crushing roots and straws of ridge-cropped crops, moving ridges, covering and returning them to the field comprises a frame 1, a root and straw collecting device, a root and straw crushing device, and a ridge moving device. The front end of the frame 1 is provided with a root and straw collecting device, the upper end of the frame 1 is provided with a root and straw crushing device, and the lower end of the frame 1 is provided with a ridge moving device.

[0016] The root straw collection device includes a collection shell 2, a collection rotating frame 10, straw-pulling teeth, a root planing knife 14, a collection spiral shaft 18 and a conveyor belt 20. The first battery 3 and the first motor 4 are both fixedly mounted at the rear end of the collection shell 2. The first battery 3 and the first motor 4 are connected by electric wires. The first collection gear 5 is fixedly mounted concentrically with the power output shaft of the first motor 4. The first collection gear 5 is meshed with the second collection gear 6. The second collection gear 6 and the first collection pulley 7 are both fixedly mounted concentrically with one end of the collection spiral shaft 18. Both ends of the collection spiral shaft 18 are rotatably mounted on both ends of the collection shell 2. The second collection pulley 9 is concentrically fixedly mounted at one end of the collection rotating frame 10. The first collection pulley 7 and the second collection pulley 9 are connected by a collection belt 8. Both ends of the collection rotating frame 10 are rotatably mounted on the collection shell 2. The above-mentioned straw-pulling teeth include a first straw-pulling tooth 11, a second straw-pulling tooth 12, and a third straw-pulling tooth 13. The first straw-pulling tooth 11, the second straw-pulling tooth 12, and the third straw-pulling tooth 13 are installed at different angles. The root planing knife 14 is fixedly mounted on the collecting rotating frame 10 from both ends to the middle. The root planing knife 14 is composed of a blade, a knife column, and a top plate. The root planing knife 14 is inserted into the groove of the collecting rotating frame 10. The root planing spring 15 is sleeved on the knife column of the root planing knife 14. Its two ends are respectively in contact with the top plate at the upper end of the root planing knife 14 and the inside of the collecting rotating frame 10. The top plate at the upper end of the root planing knife 14 is in contact with the root planing cam 16. The root planing cam 16 is fixedly mounted on the root planing cam shaft 17. Both ends of the root planing cam shaft 17 are fixedly mounted on the two ends of the collecting housing 2. The transmission gear 19 is meshed with the second collection gear 6 and is fixed concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt 20. The first transmission pulley 21 is fixed concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt 20. The second transmission pulley 23 is fixed concentrically with the driven shaft of the conveyor belt 20. The first transmission pulley 21 and the second transmission pulley 23 are connected by transmission through a transmission belt 22. The driving shaft and the driven shaft of the conveyor belt 20 are respectively inserted at both ends of the transmission baffle 73, and the two ends of the transmission baffle 73 are respectively fixed to the collection shell 2 and the frame 1.

[0017] The root straw crushing device includes a second motor 25, a crushing spiral housing 28, a crushing roller, a crushing knife and a fan 44. The second battery 24 and the second motor 25 are both fixed to the frame 1. The second battery 24 and the second motor 25 are connected by wires. The first gear 26 is fixed concentrically with the power output shaft at one end of the second motor 25. The first gear 26 is meshed with the second gear 27. The second gear 27 is fixed concentrically with the middle of the crushing spiral housing 28. The crushing spiral housing 28 is rotatably installed on the upper part of the frame 1; the first crushing pulley 29 is fixed concentrically with the power output shaft at the other end of the second motor 25, the second crushing pulley 31 is fixed to the outer side of the first crushing connecting rod 32 at a position between the center and one end, and the first crushing The pulley 29 and the second crushing pulley 31 are connected by a crushing belt 30. The crushing rollers include a first crushing roller 40 and a second crushing roller 74. The two ends of the first crushing connecting rod 32 are rotatably mounted on the small diameter end of the first crushing roller 40 and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller 74, respectively. The small diameter end of the first crushing roller 40 and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller 74 can be rotatably mounted on the crushing gear partition 45. The crushing gear partition 45 is rotatably mounted in the inner groove of the internal gear 71. The internal gear 71 is fixedly mounted at one end of the frame 1. The center of the gear shaft 34 is rotatably mounted in the groove of the first crushing connecting rod 32. The third gear 33 and the fourth gear 35 are concentrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the gear shaft 34. The third gear 33 and the fourth gear 35 are respectively concentrically fixedly mounted at both ends of the gear shaft 34. 3 meshes with the inner gear 71, the fifth gear 36 is concentrically fixedly mounted on the small diameter end of the first crushing roller 40, and meshes with the fourth gear 35, the sixth gear 37 is rotatably mounted at the center position of the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod 32, and meshes with the fourth gear 35 and the seventh gear 38 respectively, the seventh gear 38 is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod 32 between the center and one end, and meshes with the eighth gear 39, the eighth gear 39 is concentrically fixedly mounted on the large diameter end of the second crushing roller 74, the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74 are installed oppositely, the large diameter end of the first crushing roller 40 and the small diameter end of the second crushing roller 74 are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the second crushing connecting rod 41 respectively, the second crushing connecting rod 41 is between the center and one end are rotatably installed on the frame 1; the above-mentioned crushing blades include a first crushing blade 46, a second crushing blade 47, and a third crushing blade 48. The first crushing blade 46 is approximately triangular in shape, and is equidistantly arranged along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the large diameter end of the crushing roller. The outer blade of the second crushing blade 47 is approximately "W"-shaped, and the inner blade is arc-shaped, and is equidistantly arranged along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the middle of the crushing roller. The third crushing blade 48 is approximately "human"-shaped, and is equidistantly arranged along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the small diameter end of the crushing roller; the third battery 42 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame 1, the third motor 43 is fixedly mounted at one end of the frame 1, the third battery 42 and the third motor 43 are connected by electric wires, and the fan 44 is fixedly mounted to the power output shaft of the third motor 43.

[0018] The ridge shifting device includes a ridge shifting gear, a ridge shifting blade 60, a roller frame 61 and a roller. The fourth battery 49 and the fourth motor 50 are both fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame 1. The fourth battery 49 and the fourth motor 50 are connected by wires. The above-mentioned ridge shifting gear includes a first ridge shifting gear 51, a second ridge shifting gear 52, a third ridge shifting gear 54, a fourth ridge shifting gear 55, and a fifth ridge shifting gear 56. The power output shaft of the fourth motor 50 passes through the groove on the frame 1 and is fixed concentrically with the first ridge shifting gear 51. The ridge shifting gear shaft 69 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The second ridge shifting gear 52 is rotatably mounted concentrically on the ridge shifting gear shaft 69 and meshes with the first ridge shifting gear 51. The wheel connecting rod 53 is triangular, the first corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod 53 is fixed with the second ridge shifting gear 52, the third ridge shifting gear 54 is fixed concentrically with the ridge shifting gear shaft 69 and meshes with the fourth ridge shifting gear 55, the fourth ridge shifting gear 55 is rotatably installed on the second corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod 53 and meshes with the fifth ridge shifting gear 56, the fifth ridge shifting gear 56 is rotatably installed on the third corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod 53, the center of the trajectory limiting plate 57 is fixed at the lowest end of the ridge shifting gear shaft 69, one end of the ridge shifting connecting rod 70 is fixed concentrically with the fifth ridge shifting gear 56, the ridge shifting knife bar 58 is rotatably installed in the groove at the other end of the ridge shifting connecting rod 70, The torsion spring 59 is concentrically mounted on the lower cross bar of the ridge shifting cutter bar 58, and both ends of the ridge shifting torsion spring 59 are in contact with the ridge shifting cutter plate 60, the middle part of the ridge shifting torsion spring 59 is in contact with the ridge shifting cutter bar 58, the mounting hole at the top of the ridge shifting cutter plate 60 is rotatably mounted on the lower cross bar of the ridge shifting cutter bar 58, the roller frame 61 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, one end of the roller limiting rod 62 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and the other end is inserted into the groove of the roller frame 61, the roller spring 63 is mounted on the roller limiting rod 62, and its two ends are respectively in contact with the roller frame 61 and the upper end of the roller limiting rod 62, and the above-mentioned roller includes a roller shell 64, a roller inner shaft 65, and a roller The roller protrusion 66, the roller protrusion spring 67, the roller protrusion spring sleeve 68, the two ends of the roller inner shaft 65 are rotatably installed with the connecting rods on both sides of the roller frame 61, the roller shell 64 is fixed concentrically with the roller inner shaft 65, the roller protrusion 66 is slidably installed in the groove on the surface of the roller shell 64, the two ends of the roller protrusion spring 67 are fixed with the roller protrusion 66 and the roller inner shaft 65, the roller protrusion spring sleeve 68 is sleeved on the roller protrusion spring 67, and its two ends are fixed with the roller inner shaft 65 and the roller shell 64, and the two ground wheels 72 are rotatably installed on both sides of the frame 1, thereby constituting a device for efficiently crushing, moving, covering and returning roots and straw of ridge-crops.

[0019] During operation, the first battery 3 supplies power to the first motor 4, the first motor 4 drives the first collecting gear 5 to rotate and then drives the second collecting gear 6 to rotate, the second collecting gear 6 rotates to drive the first collecting pulley 7 to rotate, the first collecting pulley 7 drives the second collecting pulley 9 to rotate through the collecting belt 8, and then drives the collecting rotating frame 10 to rotate, the collecting rotating frame 10 rotates to drive the straw-pulling tooth group to rotate, and the straw picking in the ridge is realized by the straw-pulling teeth of different lengths. At the same time, the collection rotating frame 10 rotates to drive the root planing knife 14 to rotate around the root planing cam 16, when the root planing knife 14 moves downward, the root planing spring 15 is increased by the thrust of the root planing cam 16, the root planing spring 15 is compressed, the root planing knife 14 extends out to clean the root stubble, and the root planing knife 14 moves upward. The root planing spring 15 resets, and the planing knife 14 moves upward. The root knife 14 retracts; the second collecting gear 6 rotates to drive the collecting spiral shaft 18 to rotate to concentrate the collected roots and straws to the middle and send them to the conveyor belt 20, the second collecting gear 6 rotates to drive the conveying gear 19 to rotate, and then drives the driving shaft of the conveyor belt 20 to rotate, the driving shaft of the conveyor belt 20 rotates to drive the first conveyor pulley 21 to rotate, the first conveyor pulley 21 drives the second conveyor pulley 23 to rotate through the conveyor belt 22, and then drives the driven shaft of the conveyor belt 20 to rotate, and the conveyor belt 20 sends the collected roots and straws into the root straw crushing device; the second battery 24 supplies power to the second motor 25, the second motor 25 drives the first gear 26 to rotate, the first gear 26 rotates to drive the second gear 27 to rotate, and then drives the crushing spiral shell 28 to rotate, the crushing spiral shell The rotation of the first crushing roller 28 drives the straw to move and brings the straw to the highest point of the crushing spiral shell 28, and the straw falls between the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74. The second motor 25 drives the first crushing pulley 29 to rotate. The rotation of the first crushing pulley 29 drives the second crushing pulley 31 to rotate through the crushing belt 30, and then drives the first crushing connecting rod 32 to rotate. The rotation of the first crushing connecting rod 32 drives the first crushing roller 40, the second crushing roller 74 and the crushing gear partition 45 to rotate as a whole. The rotation of the first crushing connecting rod 32 drives the third gear 33 to rotate with the rotation of the crushing gear partition 45. At the same time, the third gear 33 rotates by itself. The rotation of the third gear 33 drives the fourth gear 35 to rotate through the gear shaft 34. The rotation of the fourth gear 35 drives the fifth gear 36 to rotate. The fifth gear 36 rotates to drive the first crushing roller 40 to rotate, the fourth gear 35 rotates to drive the sixth gear 37 to rotate, and then drives the seventh gear 38 to rotate, the seventh gear 38 rotates to drive the eighth gear 39 to rotate, and then drives the second crushing roller 74 to rotate, so that the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74 rotate as a whole in the opposite direction of the crushing spiral housing 28 and rotate at the same time, the first crushing roller 40 and the second crushing roller 74 rotate by themselves, respectively, the first crushing knife 46, the second crushing knife 47, and the third crushing knife 48 thereon are driven to rotate by themselves, and the three crushing knives are meshed with each other, so that the straw is efficiently crushed; the third battery 42 supplies power to the third motor 43, and the third motor 43 drives the fan 44 to rotate, and the crushed roots and straws are blown into the furrow through the pipeline;The fourth battery 49 supplies power to the fourth motor 50, and the fourth motor 50 drives the first ridge shifting gear 51 to rotate. The rotation of the first ridge shifting gear 51 drives the second ridge shifting gear 52 to rotate, and then drives the ridge shifting gear connecting rod 53 to rotate. The rotation of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod 53 drives the fourth ridge shifting gear 55 to rotate around the third ridge shifting gear 54 while generating self-rotation. The rotation of the fourth ridge shifting gear 55 drives the fifth ridge shifting gear 56 to rotate, and then drives the ridge shifting connecting rod 70 to rotate. The ridge shifting connecting rod 70 rotates while rotating around the third ridge shifting gear 54. The rotation of the ridge shifting connecting rod 70 drives the ridge shifting cutter bar 58 to planetary motion. However, the frame structure formed by the track limiting plate 57 and the frame 1 limits the movement of the ridge shifting cutter bar 58, causing the ridge shifting cutter bar 58 to move horizontally along the outer frame contour of the track limiting plate 57. The movement of the rod 58 drives the ridge-moving blade 60 to move, pushing the soil of the ridges on both sides of the adjacent ridges to the ridges, and burying the broken roots and straws in the newly formed ridges. During the pushing process, the pressure increases, the ridge-moving torsion spring 59 is stressed, and the ridge-moving blade 60 rotates to form a ridge slope; when the roller is pressed, the roller spring 63 is stressed, so that the roller shell 64 rotates under the friction with the ridge platform, and then drives the roller inner shaft 65 to rotate, and the rotation of the roller shell 64 drives the roller protrusion 66 to rotate. When the roller protrusion 66 contacts the ridge platform, the roller protrusion spring 67 is subjected to increased pressure, and the roller protrusion spring 67 is compressed, and the roller protrusion 66 retracts into the roller shell 64. When the roller protrusion 66 leaves the ridge platform, the roller protrusion spring 67 is reset, and the roller protrusion 66 extends, so that the new ridge platform is pressed and the soil adhesion to the roller is effectively reduced. ;

[0020] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for efficiently crushing roots and straws of ridge-planted crops, and for ridge-moving, covering and returning the crops to the field, characterized in that the device comprises a frame (1), a root and straw collecting device, a root and straw crushing device, and a ridge-moving device, wherein the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a root and straw collecting device, the upper end of the frame (1) is provided with a root and straw crushing device, and the lower end of the frame (1) is provided with a ridge-moving device.

2. According to claim 1, a device for efficiently crushing, moving, covering and returning roots and straw of ridge-planted crops to the field, characterized in that: the root and straw collecting device comprises a collecting shell (2), a collecting rotating frame (10), straw-pulling teeth, a root planing knife (14), a collecting spiral shaft (18) and a conveyor belt (20); the first storage battery (3) and the first motor (4) are both fixedly mounted at the rear end of the collecting shell (2); the first storage battery (3) and the first motor (4) are connected by electric wires; the first collecting gear (5) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the power output shaft of the first motor (4); the first collecting gear (5) is meshed with the second collecting gear (6); the second collecting gear ( The first collecting pulley (6) and the first collecting pulley (7) are fixedly mounted concentrically with one end of the collecting spiral shaft (18), and both ends of the collecting spiral shaft (18) are rotatably mounted on both ends of the collecting housing (2). The second collecting pulley (9) is fixedly mounted concentrically with one end of the collecting rotating frame (10), and the first collecting pulley (7) and the second collecting pulley (9) are connected by a collecting belt (8) for transmission, and both ends of the collecting rotating frame (10) are rotatably mounted on the collecting housing (2). The above-mentioned straw-splitting teeth include a first straw-splitting tooth (11), a second straw-splitting tooth (12), and a third straw-splitting tooth (13). The first straw-splitting tooth (11), the second straw-splitting tooth ( The first and second straw teeth (12) and the third straw teeth (13) are fixedly mounted on the collecting rotating frame (10) from both ends to the middle at different installation angles. The root planing knife (14) is composed of a blade, a knife column and a top plate. The root planing knife (14) is inserted into a groove of the collecting rotating frame (10). The root planing spring (15) is sleeved on the knife column of the root planing knife (14). The two ends of the root planing spring (15) are respectively in contact with the top plate at the upper end of the root planing knife (14) and the inside of the collecting rotating frame (10). The top plate at the upper end of the root planing knife (14) is in contact with a root planing cam (16). The root planing cam (16) is fixedly mounted on a root planing cam shaft (17). Both ends of the root planing cam shaft (17) are fixedly mounted on the On both ends of the collecting shell (2); the transmission gear (19) is meshed with the second collecting gear (6) and is fixedly mounted concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt (20); the first transmission pulley (21) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the driving shaft of the conveyor belt (20); the second transmission pulley (23) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the driven shaft of the conveyor belt (20); the first transmission pulley (21) and the second transmission pulley (23) are connected by transmission through a transmission belt (22); the driving shaft and the driven shaft of the conveyor belt (20) are respectively inserted at both ends of the transmission baffle (73); and the two ends of the transmission baffle (73) are respectively fixedly mounted to the collecting shell (2) and the frame (1).

3. A device for efficiently crushing, moving, covering and returning roots and straw of ridge-planted crops to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: the straw crushing device comprises a second motor (25), a crushing spiral housing (28), a crushing roller, a crushing knife and a fan (44), the second storage battery (24) and the second motor (25) are both fixed to the frame (1), the second storage battery (24) and the second motor (25) are connected by electric wires, the first gear (26) is fixedly mounted concentrically with a power output shaft at one end of the second motor (25), the first gear (26) is meshed with the second gear (27), the second gear (27) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the middle part of the crushing spiral housing (28), and the crushing spiral housing (28) is rotatable The first crushing pulley (29) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the frame (1); the first crushing pulley (29) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the other end power output shaft of the second motor (25); the second crushing pulley (31) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the first crushing connecting rod (32) at a position between the center and one end; the first crushing pulley (29) and the second crushing pulley (31) are connected by a crushing belt (30); the crushing rollers include a first crushing roller (40) and a second crushing roller (74); the two ends of the first crushing connecting rod (32) are rotatably mounted on the small diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller (74); and the small diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the large diameter end of the second crushing roller (74) are connected by a crushing belt (30). 4) The large diameter end is rotatably mounted on the crushing gear partition (45), the crushing gear partition (45) is rotatably mounted in the inner groove of the internal gear (71), the internal gear (71) is fixedly mounted on one end of the frame (1), the center of the gear shaft (34) is rotatably mounted in the groove of the first crushing connecting rod (32), the third gear (33) and the fourth gear (35) are respectively concentrically fixedly mounted on the two ends of the gear shaft (34), the third gear (33) is meshed with the internal gear (71), the fifth gear (36) is concentrically fixedly mounted on the small diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and meshed with the fourth gear (35), and the sixth gear (37) is rotatably mounted on the first crushing connecting rod (32) and meshed with the fourth gear (35) and the seventh gear (38) respectively. The seventh gear (38) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the first crushing connecting rod (32) between the center and one end and meshed with the eighth gear (39). The eighth gear (39) is coaxially fixed on the large diameter end of the second crushing roller (74). The first crushing roller (40) and the second crushing roller (74) are installed opposite to each other. The large diameter end of the first crushing roller (40) and the small diameter end of the second crushing roller (74) are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the second crushing connecting rod (41) respectively. The second crushing connecting rod (41) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) between the center and one end.The above-mentioned crushing blades include a first crushing blade (46), a second crushing blade (47), and a third crushing blade (48). The first crushing blade (46) is approximately triangular in shape and is arranged equidistantly along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the large diameter end of the crushing roller. The outer blade of the second crushing blade (47) is approximately W-shaped and the inner blade is arc-shaped and is arranged equidistantly along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the middle of the crushing roller. The third crushing blade (48) is approximately in the shape of a "human" and is arranged equidistantly along the outer contour of the crushing roller and fixed to the small diameter end of the crushing roller. The third storage battery (42) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame (1), the third motor (43) is fixedly mounted at one end of the frame (1), the third storage battery (42) and the third motor (43) are connected by electric wires, and the fan (44) is fixedly mounted to the power output shaft of the third motor (43). ; 4. A device for efficiently crushing roots and straw of ridge-cropped crops, moving ridges, covering and returning crops to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ridge-moving device comprises a ridge-moving gear, a ridge-moving blade (60), a roller frame (61) and a roller, a fourth battery (49) and a fourth motor (50) are both fixedly mounted at the bottom of the frame (1), the fourth battery (49) and the fourth motor (50) are connected by electric wires, the above-mentioned ridge-moving gear comprises a first ridge-moving gear (51), a second ridge-moving gear (52), a third ridge-moving gear (54), a fourth ridge-moving gear (55) and a fifth ridge-moving gear (56), a power output shaft of the fourth motor (50) passes through a groove on the frame (1) and is fixedly mounted concentrically with the first ridge-moving gear (51), a ridge-moving gear shaft (69) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1), and a second ridge-moving gear (52) is connected to a third ridge-moving gear (54), a fourth ridge-moving gear (55) and a fifth ridge-moving gear (56). The gear (52) is rotatably mounted concentrically on the ridge shifting gear shaft (69) and meshes with the first ridge shifting gear (51). The ridge shifting gear connecting rod (53) is triangular in shape. The first corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod (53) is fixed to the second ridge shifting gear (52). The third ridge shifting gear (54) is concentrically fixed to the ridge shifting gear shaft (69) and meshes with the fourth ridge shifting gear (55). The fourth ridge shifting gear (55) is rotatably mounted on the second corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod (53) and meshes with the fifth ridge shifting gear (56). The fifth ridge shifting gear (56) is rotatably mounted on the third corner of the ridge shifting gear connecting rod (53). The center of the track limiting plate (57) is fixed to the lowermost end of the ridge shifting gear shaft (69). One end of the ridge shifting connecting rod (70) is connected to the fifth ridge shifting gear (55). The gear (56) is fixedly mounted concentrically, the ridge-moving cutter bar (58) is rotatably mounted in a groove at the other end of the ridge-moving connecting rod (70), the ridge-moving torsion spring (59) is concentrically sleeved with the lower cross bar of the ridge-moving cutter bar (58), and both ends of the ridge-moving torsion spring (59) are in contact with and connected to the ridge-moving cutter plate (60), the middle part of the ridge-moving torsion spring (59) is in contact with and connected to the ridge-moving cutter bar (58), the mounting hole at the top of the ridge-moving cutter plate (60) is rotatably mounted with the lower cross bar of the ridge-moving cutter bar (58), the roller frame (61) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1), one end of the roller limiting rod (62) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1), and the other end is inserted into the groove of the roller frame (61), the roller spring (63) is sleeved on the roller limiting rod (62), and its two ends are respectively in contact with The roller frame (61) and the upper end of the roller limiting rod (62) are in contact and connected. The roller comprises a roller outer shell (64), a roller inner shaft (65), a roller protrusion (66), a roller protrusion spring (67), and a roller protrusion spring sleeve (68). The two ends of the roller inner shaft (65) are rotatably mounted on the connecting rods on both sides of the roller frame (61). The roller outer shell (64) and the roller inner shaft (65) are fixedly mounted concentrically. The roller protrusion (66) is slidably mounted in a groove on the surface of the roller outer shell (64). The two ends of the roller protrusion spring (67) are fixedly mounted on the roller protrusion (66) and the roller inner shaft (65). The roller protrusion spring sleeve (68) is sleeved on the roller protrusion spring (67), and its two ends are fixedly mounted on the roller inner shaft (65) and the roller outer shell (64).Two ground wheels (72) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the frame (1), thereby forming a device for efficiently crushing, moving, covering and returning roots and straw of ridge-planted crops to the field.

Images