Surgical robot for orthopedic surgery

Abstract

The invention discloses a surgical robot for orthopedic surgery, and relates to the technical field of medical equipment. The device comprises a base, a supporting column is fixedly connected to the top of the base, a transverse frame is installed on the top of the supporting column, a supporting seat is fixedly connected to the front side of the transverse frame, mechanical arm bodies are installed on the two sides of the supporting seat, and drilling machines are arranged at the other ends of the mechanical arm bodies; a mounting assembly is arranged at the bottom of the drilling machine and comprises a mounting shell, and the mounting shell is fixedly connected to the output end of the drilling machine. Through the arrangement of the tool changing assembly, when the drill bits are separated from the mounting column, the falling drill bits can be collected through the collecting box, the position of the rotating disc is adjusted, the multiple sets of drill bits of different specifications are arranged at the top of the rotating disc, and when the drill bits are adjusted to the bottom of the mounting column, the drill bits can be pushed upwards to be inserted into the mounting column; automatic drill bit replacement and rapid installation are completed, and a large amount of operation time can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to a surgical robot used for orthopedic surgery. Background Art

[0002] Orthopedic surgery is a type of surgical treatment specifically for problems with bones, joints, ligaments and related soft tissues. Its main purpose is to repair, reconstruct or improve bone and joint dysfunction caused by injury, degeneration, deformity or other pathological conditions. Orthopedic surgery includes many types, such as joint replacement, fracture fixation, spinal surgery, arthroscopic surgery and orthopedic surgery. Orthopedic surgical robots can provide higher operating precision, especially when performing complex bone repair and joint replacement, they can accurately locate and cut, reducing damage to surrounding tissues.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese patent with publication number "CN111345899B" discloses an orthopedic surgical robot, which can adjust the placement seat to a height suitable for the patient's surgery through a first lifting electric cylinder, can fix the patient's limbs through a holding component, and can accurately determine the drilling position through a positioning manipulator; since the present application is a mechanical linkage device, the stability of the operation is guaranteed during the drilling process, which not only simplifies the operation of the orthopedic surgeon, but also greatly improves the surgical efficiency, and solves the problem that the current bone-breaking surgical robots mostly use gun-type orthopedic electric drills to perform the above work, and usually drill holes with a hand-held orthopedic electric drill. Since the orthopedic electric drill will generate relatively large vibrations when working, when the orthopedic surgeon holds the orthopedic electric drill by hand, it is easy to cause inaccurate drilling and low surgical efficiency.

[0004] However, the above device still has the following problems during implementation:

[0005] When orthopedic surgeons operate surgical robots to drill bones, the drill bit will become blunt or damaged due to wear or collision, and needs to be replaced regularly to ensure that the drill bit always maintains optimal cutting performance. At the same time, different operations require different types of drill bits, but when replacing the drill bit, medical staff often need to use tools manually to replace it. Each replacement of the drill bit takes time, which prolongs the overall operation time. In addition, frequent contact and replacement of drill bits increases the risk of infection for medical staff, especially in a sterile environment, which is very inconvenient to use.

[0006] To this end, we provide a surgical robot for orthopedic surgery to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical robot for orthopedic surgery. Through the cooperation of an installation component, a clamping component and a tool changing component, the problem that the orthopedic surgical robot in the prior art needs to manually replace the drill bit, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and easily increases the risk of infection for medical staff is solved.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention is a surgical robot for orthopedic surgery, comprising a base, a pillar fixedly connected to the top of the base, a cross frame installed on the top of the pillar, a support seat fixedly connected to the front side of the cross frame, a mechanical arm body installed on both sides of the support seat, and a drilling machine arranged at the other end of the mechanical arm body;

[0010] The bottom of the drilling machine is provided with a mounting assembly, which includes a mounting shell, the mounting shell is fixedly connected to the output end of the drilling machine, a fixing shell is fixedly connected inside the mounting shell, a mounting column is fixedly connected inside the fixing shell, a mounting slot is opened inside the mounting column, a drill bit is penetrated on one side of the mounting column, one end of the drill bit penetrates into the mounting slot and is fixedly connected to a mounting rod, and the drill bit is installed through the mounting assembly;

[0011] A clamping assembly is provided inside the fixed shell, and the clamping assembly includes a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is provided on the surface of the mounting rod. Through grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting column, and a limit rod is slidably connected inside the through groove. An adjustment plate is provided on the opposite side of the limit rod, and an oblique groove is provided inside the adjustment plate, and a sliding rod is slidably connected inside the oblique groove, so that the drill bit can be quickly limited by the clamping assembly;

[0012] A reset assembly is arranged inside the mounting shell, and the reset assembly includes a moving ring, and the moving ring is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed shell, and a reset spring is fixedly connected to one side of the moving ring, and the drill bit can be quickly removed through the reset assembly;

[0013] A tool changing assembly is arranged on the top of the base, and the tool changing assembly includes a storage shell, and the storage shell is fixedly connected to the top of the base. A rotating disk is arranged inside the storage shell, and a tool head is arranged on the top of the rotating disk. Drill bits of different specifications can be replaced by the tool changing assembly.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the top and the bottom of the sliding rod are both fixedly connected with connecting rods, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the limiting rod.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that a cross bar is slidably connected inside the limit rod, and both ends of the cross bar are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the reset assembly also includes a pull rod, which is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment plate, and the other end of the pull rod passes through the outside of the fixed shell and is fixedly connected to the movable ring, and sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the fixed shell.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the tool changing assembly also includes a fixing ring, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the inside of the storage shell, a top of the fixing ring is fixedly connected to a ejector pin, and a quick-release hole is opened on one side of the mounting shell.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: an adjustment groove is opened inside the rotating disk, a movable plate is slidably connected inside the adjusting groove, a rubber plug is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate, the top of the rubber plug passes through the outside of the rotating disk, a buffer spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable plate, and a push switch is installed inside the adjusting groove.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: a first motor is installed inside the storage shell, a threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, a movable frame is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod, a second motor is fixedly connected to the rear side of the movable frame, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, a top end of the rotating rod passes through a rotating disk and is fixedly connected to a friction disk, and a collection box is installed inside the storage shell.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a support sleeve is movably connected to the surface of the rotating rod, a first gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the support sleeve, the top of the support sleeve is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, a second gear is meshed with one side of the first gear, a third motor is fixedly connected to the bottom axis of the second gear, and one side of the third motor is fixedly connected to the second motor via a bracket.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that a movable sleeve is sleeved on the surface of the support sleeve, and the front side of the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the movable frame.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that a shadowless lamp is installed at the bottom of the support seat, a hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the mechanical arm body, and an output end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the drilling machine.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Through the arrangement of the installation assembly, the present invention can move the drill bit to insert the installation column on one side of the drill bit into the installation groove when the drill bit needs to be installed. At the same time, one side of the installation rod is designed to be concave, and a convex block matching with the installation groove is provided inside. After installation, the drill bit can be driven to rotate through the installation shell, which can effectively improve the installation efficiency of the drill bit.

[0025] 2. The present invention, through the setting of the clamping assembly, can adjust the position of the limit rod so that the limit rod is inserted into the clamping groove after the drill bit is inserted into the installation groove, thereby preventing the drill bit from shaking left and right, achieving the clamping effect, and quickly completing the installation of the drill bit; through the setting of the reset assembly, when the drill bit needs to be removed, the drilling machine can be moved to the top of the storage shell through the mechanical arm body, and the ejector pin is aligned with the quick-release hole, and then the drilling machine is controlled to move downward; when the ejector pin is inserted into the quick-release hole and pushes the moving ring, the positions of the two sets of limit rods can be adjusted to disengage the limit rods from the clamping groove, thereby achieving quick disassembly.

[0026] 3. Through the setting of the tool changing assembly, the present invention can collect the fallen drill bit through the collection box when the drill bit is detached from the mounting column, and adjust the position of the rotating disk. A plurality of groups of drill bits of different specifications are arranged on the top of the rotating disk. When the drill bit is adjusted to the bottom of the mounting column, the drill bit can be pushed upward to be inserted into the mounting column, thereby completing automatic drill bit replacement and quick installation, which can save a lot of surgical time.

[0027] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a structural stereogram of a surgical robot used for orthopedic surgery;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection between a drilling machine and a mounting shell in a surgical robot used in orthopedic surgery;

[0031] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of a mounting shell, a fixing shell and a mounting column in a surgical robot used for orthopedic surgery;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a surface structure of a mounting column in a surgical robot used in orthopedic surgery;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a push of a top needle on a moving ring in a surgical robot used in orthopedic surgery;

[0034] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of a storage shell in a surgical robot used for orthopedic surgery;

[0035] Figure 7 An exploded schematic diagram of the internal structure of a storage shell in a surgical robot used for orthopedic surgery;

[0036] Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of a rotating disc, a friction disc and a supporting sleeve in a surgical robot used for orthopedic surgery;

[0037] Fig. 9 A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery Figure 8 A is an enlarged diagram in the middle;

[0038] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the installation of a drill bit in a surgical robot used in orthopedic surgery.

[0039] In the attached drawings: 1, base; 2, pillar; 3, cross frame; 4, support seat; 5, mechanical arm body; 6, drilling machine; 7, mounting shell; 8, fixed shell; 9, mounting column; 10, mounting slot; 11, drill bit; 12, mounting rod; 13, clamping slot; 14, through slot; 15, limit rod; 16, adjustment plate; 17, inclined slot; 18, slide rod; 19, moving ring; 20, reset spring; 21, storage shell; 22, rotating disk; 23, cutter head; 24, connecting rod; 25, cross rod; 26, Pull rod; 27. Slide groove; 28. Fixed ring; 29. ​​Ejector pin; 30. Quick release hole; 31. Adjustment groove; 32. Moving plate; 33. Rubber plug; 34. Buffer spring; 35. Push switch; 36. First motor; 37. Threaded rod; 38. Moving frame; 39. Second motor; 40. Rotating rod; 41. Friction disk; 42. Collection box; 43. Support sleeve; 44. First gear; 45. Second gear; 46. Third motor; 47. Movable sleeve; 48. Shadowless lamp; 49. Hydraulic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Specific embodiment 1

[0042] See also Figure 1-10The present invention discloses a surgical robot for orthopedic surgery, comprising a base 1, a pillar 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a cross frame 3 is installed on the top of the pillar 2, a support seat 4 is fixedly connected to the front side of the cross frame 3, a mechanical arm body 5 is installed on both sides of the support seat 4, and a drilling machine 6 is arranged at the other end of the mechanical arm body 5; a mounting assembly is arranged at the bottom of the drilling machine 6, the mounting assembly comprises a mounting shell 7, the mounting shell 7 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drilling machine 6, a fixed shell 8 is fixedly connected inside the mounting shell 7, a mounting column 9 is fixedly connected inside the fixed shell 8, a mounting groove 10 is opened inside the mounting column 9, a drill bit 11 is penetrated on one side of the mounting column 9, one end of the drill bit 11 penetrates into the inside of the mounting groove 10 and is fixedly connected to a mounting rod 12, and the drill bit 11 is installed through the mounting assembly; a clamping assembly is arranged inside the fixed shell 8, and the clamping assembly comprises a clamping groove 13, and the clamping groove 13 is opened on the surface of the mounting rod 12, and through grooves 14 are opened on both sides of the mounting column 9. The through grooves 14 are slidably connected with the limiting rods 15, and the opposite side of the limiting rods 15 is provided with adjustment plates 16. The adjusting plate 16 is provided with an inclined groove 17, and the inclined groove 17 is slidably connected with the sliding rod 18. The drill bit 11 is quickly limited by the clamping assembly; a reset assembly is arranged inside the mounting shell 7, and the reset assembly includes a moving ring 19. The moving ring 19 is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed shell 8, and a reset spring 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the moving ring 19. The drill bit 11 is quickly removed through the reset assembly; a tool changing assembly is arranged on the top of the base 1, and the tool changing assembly includes a storage shell 21. The storage shell 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a rotating disk 22 is arranged inside the storage shell 21, and a tool head 23 is arranged on the top of the rotating disk 22. Drill bits 11 of different specifications are replaced by the tool changing assembly.

[0043] Specifically: the robot body 5 is composed of multiple joints and connecting rods, which enable the robot arm to move in different directions. Each joint is driven by a servo motor or a cylinder. The robot arm uses a kinematic model to calculate and control the precise position and direction of the drill 6. These models include forward kinematics and inverse kinematics to determine the movement of each part of the robot arm. The robot arm is equipped with a servo motor and a sensor for accurately controlling the movement of the joints and the angle of the drill 6. The servo system can provide high-precision motion control to ensure the accuracy of drilling. One side of the mounting rod 12 is concave in design, and a convex block is provided inside the mounting groove 10 to match it, so that the cylindrical drill bit 11 can rotate with the mounting column 9. The clamping groove 13 is circular and is opened on the surface of the mounting rod 12. The thickness of the limit rod 15 is the same as the diameter of the through groove 14 and the clamping groove 13, which can ensure that the limit rod 15 can be inserted into the clamping groove 13. Specific embodiment 2

[0045] See also Figure 1-10On the basis of the specific embodiment 1, the top and bottom of the slide bar 18 are fixedly connected with a connecting rod 24, the other end of the connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the limit rod 15, and a cross bar 25 is slidably connected inside the limit rod 15. Both ends of the cross bar 25 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell 8. The reset assembly also includes a pull rod 26, which is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment plate 16, and the other end of the pull rod 26 penetrates to the outside of the fixed shell 8 and is fixedly connected to the moving ring 19. Slide grooves 27 are provided on both sides of the fixed shell 8. The tool changing assembly also includes a fixed ring 28, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the storage shell 21, and a top of the fixed ring 28 is fixedly connected to a pin 29. A quick release hole 30 is provided on one side of the mounting shell 7. An adjusting groove 31 is provided inside the rotating disk 22, and a moving plate 32 is slidably connected inside the adjusting groove 31. A rubber plug 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving plate 32, and the top of the rubber plug 33 penetrates to the outside of the rotating disk 22. A buffer spring 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate 32, and a press switch 35 is installed inside the adjusting groove 31.

[0046] Specifically: the slide bar 18 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined groove 17, and when the adjusting plate 16 moves horizontally left and right, the slide bar 18 can be pushed to move through the inclined groove 17 to achieve the adjustment of the position of the limit rod 15. The reset spring 20 has the function of compression energy storage, which can store elastic potential energy when the moving ring 19 is squeezed, and elastically reset the moving ring 19 when it loses thrust. The cutter head 23 is arranged on the top of the rotating disk 22. There are five of them with different sizes and specifications, which can meet different drilling requirements during the operation. The rotating disk 22 is a semicircular design, which can separate the space of the storage shell 21, and can make the removed drill bit 11 automatically fall into the collection box 42 for collection. The connecting rod 24 is fixed between the slide bar 18 and the limit rod 15, and can transmit the thrust of the slide bar 18. The cross bar 25 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit rod 15, and can support the movement of the limit rod 15. The pull rod 26 is connected between the adjusting plate 16 and the moving ring 19, and can transmit the driving force of the moving ring 19. Specific embodiment three

[0048] See also Figure 1-10On the basis of the specific embodiment 1, a first motor 36 is installed inside the storage shell 21, a threaded rod 37 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 36, a moving frame 38 is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod 37, a second motor 39 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the moving frame 38, a rotating rod 40 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 39, the top end of the rotating rod 40 passes through the rotating disk 22 and is fixedly connected to the friction disk 41, a collecting box 42 is installed inside the storage shell 21, a support sleeve 43 is movably connected to the surface of the rotating rod 40, and a support sleeve 43 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support sleeve The first gear 44 and the top of the support sleeve 43 are fixedly connected to the rotating disk 22, a second gear 45 is meshed with one side of the first gear 44, a third motor 46 is fixedly connected to the bottom axis of the second gear 45, one side of the third motor 46 is fixedly connected to the second motor 39 through a bracket, a movable sleeve 47 is sleeved on the surface of the support sleeve 43, and the front side of the movable sleeve 47 is fixedly connected to the moving frame 38, a shadowless lamp 48 is installed at the bottom of the support seat 4, and a hydraulic rod 49 is fixedly connected to the other end of the robotic arm body 5, and the output end of the hydraulic rod 49 is fixedly connected to the drilling machine 6.

[0049] Specifically: the diameter of the ejector pin 29 is smaller than the inner diameter of the quick-release hole 30, which can ensure that the ejector pin 29 can be inserted into the quick-release hole 30. There are two groups of ejector pins 29, which can increase the uniformity of force when inserted into the quick-release hole 30 and pushing the movable ring 19. A plug hole is provided on the top of the rubber plug 33, and the bottom of the cutter head 23 can be inserted into the rubber plug 33 for fixation. The buffer spring 34 can elastically support the movable plate 32, and the press switch 35 can detect the position of the movable plate 32. The surface of the friction disk 41 is in contact with the rubber plug 33, and the friction disk 41 can be driven to rotate under the drive of the second motor 39. The friction force between the friction disk 41 and the rubber plug 33 drives the cutter head 23 to rotate, which is convenient for adjusting the angle between the mounting groove 10 and the mounting rod 12. The first motor 36 can drive the threaded rod 37 to rotate, and the height of the movable frame 38 is adjusted by the action of the thread. The collection box 42 can collect the removed drill bit 11, and the shadowless lamp 48 can emit light, which is convenient for supplementary lighting during the operation.

[0050] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: before the operation, the doctor uses imaging technology (such as CT or X-ray) to generate detailed images of the bones, which are used to formulate an accurate surgical plan and input into the robot system. The planning software in the robot system converts the surgical plan into movement instructions of the robot arm to ensure that the drilling machine 6 operates according to the predetermined path, and the driving arm body and the drilling machine 6 are started by the external controller to perform drilling processing on the bones;

[0051] When the drill bit 11 is worn or the size needs to be changed during the drilling process, the driving arm body drives the drilling machine 6 to move to the top of the storage shell 21, and then the drilling machine 6 is started again. The drilling machine 6 is driven by a servo motor and can accurately control the rotation angle. The drilling machine 6 drives the mounting shell 7 to rotate so that the ejector pin 29 is aligned with the quick release hole 30, and then the hydraulic rod 49 is controlled to drive the drilling machine 6 to move downward, so that the ejector pin 29 is inserted into the quick release hole 30 and the moving ring 19 is pushed;

[0052] After the moving ring 19 is pushed, it drives the pull rod 26 to move and squeeze the reset spring 20. When the pull rod 26 moves, it drives the adjustment plate 16 to move. When the adjustment plate 16 moves, it drives the inclined slot 17 to push the slide bar 18. After the slide bar 18 is pushed, it drives the connecting rod 24 to move. The connecting rod 24 drives the limiting rod 15 to disengage from the clamping groove 13, canceling the limit on the installation rod 12. At this time, the installation rod 12 and the drill bit 11 are vertically downward and lack a limiting structure. Under the influence of their own weight, they will be separated from the installation column 9 downward and fall into the collection box 42 for collection, completing the rapid removal of the drill bit 11.

[0053] Afterwards, the medical staff starts the third motor 46 through the external controller, and the third motor 46 cooperates with the second gear 45 to drive the first gear 44 to rotate, and the first gear 44 cooperates with the support sleeve 43 to drive the rotating disk 22 to rotate, and the cutter head 23 to be replaced is rotated to the bottom of the mounting column 9, and then the first motor 36 is started, and the first motor 36 cooperates with the threaded rod 37 to drive the moving frame 38 to move, and the moving frame 38 cooperates with the support sleeve 43 to drive the rotating disk 22 to move, and the rotating disk 22 drives the cutter head 23 to be inserted into the mounting groove 10, and the mounting rod 12 at the top of the cutter head 23 is inserted into the mounting groove 10. After that, the rubber plug 33 will be driven to squeeze the buffer spring 34, and at the same time, it will not contact the press switch 35, and then the second motor 39 will be started, and the second motor 39 cooperates with the rotating rod 40 to drive the friction disk 41 to rotate, and the friction disk 41 drives the rubber plug 33 to rotate through the friction force, and the rubber plug 33 drives the cutter head 23 to rotate, so that the concave surface of the cutter head 23 is aligned with the inner hole of the installation groove 10, and then fully inserted, at this time, the buffer spring 34 will reset the rubber plug 33, and the rubber plug 33 drives the moving plate 32 to squeeze the press switch 35, and it is judged that the cutter head 23 is completely installed in the installation groove 10;

[0054] Then start the hydraulic rod 49 and the first motor 36 again, the hydraulic rod 49 drives the mounting shell 7 to move upward, so that the ejector pin 29 is disengaged from the quick-release hole 30, and the first motor 36 drives the cutter head 23 to continue to move upward, and the movement of the cutter head 23 and the mounting shell 7 is performed synchronously. At this time, the reset spring 20 resets the moving ring 19, and the moving ring 19 cooperates with the pull rod 26 to drive the adjustment plate 16 to move, and the adjustment plate 16 cooperates with the slide groove 27 to push the slide rod 18, and the slide rod 18 cooperates with the connecting rod 24 to drive the limit rod 15 to be inserted into the clamping groove 13 again, so that the cutter head 23 can be quickly installed. The entire installation process is automatically controlled, and no manual auxiliary operation is required, which can save a lot of operation time.

[0055] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and can be customized according to the description in the specification and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. Machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art. The control method is automatically controlled by a control unit. The control circuit of the control unit can be realized by simple programming by technicians in this field, which is common knowledge in this field, so the control method and circuit connection are not explained in detail in the present invention.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that technicians in the relevant technical field can better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a pillar (2), the top of the pillar (2) is equipped with a cross frame (3), the front side of the cross frame (3) is fixedly connected to a support seat (4), both sides of the support seat (4) are equipped with a mechanical arm body (5), and the other end of the mechanical arm body (5) is provided with a drilling machine (6); The bottom of the drilling machine (6) is provided with a mounting assembly, which comprises a mounting shell (7), the mounting shell (7) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drilling machine (6), a fixing shell (8) is fixedly connected inside the mounting shell (7), a mounting column (9) is fixedly connected inside the fixing shell (8), a mounting groove (10) is provided inside the mounting column (9), a drill bit (11) is penetrated through one side of the mounting column (9), one end of the drill bit (11) penetrates into the inside of the mounting groove (10) and is fixedly connected to a mounting rod (12), and the drill bit (11) is installed through the mounting assembly; A clamping assembly is provided inside the fixed shell (8), and the clamping assembly includes a clamping groove (13), and the clamping groove (13) is provided on the surface of the mounting rod (12). Through grooves (14) are provided on both sides of the mounting column (9), and a limit rod (15) is slidably connected inside the through groove (14). An adjustment plate (16) is provided on the opposite side of the limit rod (15), and an inclined groove (17) is provided inside the adjustment plate (16). A sliding rod (18) is slidably connected inside the inclined groove (17), and the drill bit (11) is quickly limited by the clamping assembly; A reset assembly is arranged inside the mounting shell (7), and the reset assembly comprises a moving ring (19), the moving ring (19) is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed shell (8), and a reset spring (20) is fixedly connected to one side of the moving ring (19), and the drill bit (11) can be quickly removed through the reset assembly; A tool changing assembly is arranged on the top of the base (1), and the tool changing assembly comprises a storage shell (21). The storage shell (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a rotating disk (22) is arranged inside the storage shell (21), and a tool head (23) is arranged on the top of the rotating disk (22). Drill bits (11) of different specifications can be replaced by the tool changing assembly.

2. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the sliding rod (18) are both fixedly connected to a connecting rod (24), and the other end of the connecting rod (24) is fixedly connected to the limiting rod (15).

3. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross bar (25) is slidably connected inside the limiting rod (15), and both ends of the cross bar (25) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell (8).

4. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset assembly also includes a pull rod (26), which is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment plate (16). The other end of the pull rod (26) passes through the outside of the fixed shell (8) and is fixedly connected to the movable ring (19). Slide grooves (27) are provided on both sides of the fixed shell (8).

5. The surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool changing assembly further comprises a fixing ring (28), wherein the fixing ring (28) is fixedly connected to the inside of the storage shell (21), a top pin (29) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing ring (28), and a quick-release hole (30) is provided on one side of the mounting shell (7).

6. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting groove (31) is provided inside the rotating disk (22), a moving plate (32) is slidably connected inside the adjusting groove (31), a rubber plug (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the moving plate (32), the top of the rubber plug (33) penetrates to the outside of the rotating disk (22), a buffer spring (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving plate (32), and a push switch (35) is installed inside the adjusting groove (31).

7. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first motor (36) is installed inside the storage shell (21); a threaded rod (37) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (36); a movable frame (38) is threadedly connected to the surface of the threaded rod (37); a second motor (39) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the movable frame (38); a rotating rod (40) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (39); a top end of the rotating rod (40) passes through the rotating disk (22) and is fixedly connected to a friction disk (41); and a collecting box (42) is installed inside the storage shell (21).

8. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the rotating rod (40) is movably connected to a support sleeve (43), the surface of the support sleeve (43) is fixedly connected to a first gear (44), the top of the support sleeve (43) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (22), one side of the first gear (44) is meshed with a second gear (45), the bottom axis of the second gear (45) is fixedly connected to a third motor (46), and one side of the third motor (46) is fixedly connected to the second motor (39) through a bracket.

9. A surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: A movable sleeve (47) is sleeved on the surface of the support sleeve (43), and the front side of the movable sleeve (47) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (38).

10. The surgical robot for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shadowless lamp (48) is installed at the bottom of the support seat (4); the other end of the mechanical arm body (5) is fixedly connected to a hydraulic rod (49); and the output end of the hydraulic rod (49) is fixedly connected to the drilling machine (6).

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