Micro-channel chip

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-channel chip, the micro-channel chip comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate is provided with a first reaction tank, a plurality of second reaction tanks, a third reaction tank, an observation flow path and a transmission flow path, the first substrate is also provided with a first valve plate and a second valve plate, and the first valve plate and the second valve plate are both provided with valve structures. The first valve plate and the second valve plate are both movably connected with the first base plate. A sample injection pump, a medicament injection pump and a diluent injection pump are arranged on the second substrate, and the medicament injection pump and the diluent injection pump are both communicated with the conveying flow path. The micro-channel chip provided by the invention has the effect of controlling sequential flow of various fluids.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of microfluidics technology, and in particular relates to a microfluidic chip. Background Art

[0002] Microfluidics is a technology that precisely controls and manipulates microscale fluids. It can integrate basic operating units such as sample preparation, reaction, separation, and detection in the biochemical analysis process onto a micrometer-scale chip, automatically completing the entire analysis process. Microfluidics has the advantages of low sample consumption, fast detection speed, simple operation, multifunctional integration, small size, and easy portability. It has great application potential in biology, chemistry, medicine and other fields.

[0003] Microfluidic chips usually have one or more fluid channels. When mixing test samples and reaction reagents, existing microfluidic chips usually fix the reaction reagents in the chamber of the microfluidic chip first, and then pass the samples through each chamber in turn for reaction. The driving force of the fluid in the microfluidic chip mostly comes from air pumps, syringes, external force extrusion, centrifugal force, etc.

[0004] With the development of the industry, the application areas of microfluidic chips have gradually expanded from laboratories and clinical hospitals to the home market, and users have also changed from professionals to ordinary people, which has put high demands on the ease of operation and cost of microfluidic chips.

[0005] Microfluidic chips powered by air pumps are small in size, precisely controlled, and have efficient flow. However, using air pumps as power will increase the probability of bubbles generated in the fluid. The bubbles generated can hinder the normal operation of the sensor, which makes the microfluidic chip less reliable.

[0006] The operation of a syringe-powered microfluidic chip first requires that the syringe be sealed and docked with the sample port of the microfluidic chip. This operation is relatively difficult and has high operational requirements for ordinary people.

[0007] Microfluidic chips powered by external force extrusion require a relatively small size of microfluidic chip because the force generated by extrusion deformation is relatively small. Such "miniature" changes will directly lead to difficulties in processing and assembling microfluidic chips, high costs, and are not suitable for home use.

[0008] Microfluidic chips powered by centrifugal force are not easy to control flow rate and require high-precision supporting detection equipment, which is expensive and not suitable for home use.

[0009] Common microfluidic chips are not suitable for home use. In addition, samples usually need to be prepared into sample solutions before testing with microfluidic chips. The preparation of sample solutions often requires the use of multiple reagents, which also places high demands on ordinary people. Therefore, multiple reagents need to be prepared on the microfluidic chip. However, existing microfluidic chips have common technical difficulties in controlling the sequential flow of multiple fluids. They cannot accurately distinguish the order of adding reagents and cannot complete complex multi-step chemical reactions.

[0010] There are also microfluidic chips on the market that can control the sequential flow of multiple fluids, which can be achieved through complex chip microchannel networks, valves, etc. However, the manufacturing cost of this microfluidic chip itself is relatively high, and it requires expensive supporting detection equipment, which is still not suitable for home use. Summary of the invention

[0011] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a microfluidic chip.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:

[0013] A microfluidic chip comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate;

[0014] The first substrate extends along a first direction, comprises a first surface and a second surface, and has 2 n observation flow paths extending along the first direction, wherein n≥2;

[0015] The first surface of the first substrate is also provided with two first reaction pools, n-2 groups of second reaction pools, 2 n The mth group of second reaction pools has 2 m+1 second reaction pools, m≤n-2; the fluid flows from the first reaction pool to the second reaction pool or the third reaction pool, the fluid flows from the m-1th group of second reaction pools to the mth group of second reaction pools, and the fluid flows from the mth group of second reaction pools to the third reaction pool; the 2 n The third reaction pools are respectively connected to an observation flow path;

[0016] The two first reaction pools are distributed along a second direction, the second direction is not parallel to the first direction, and a plurality of second reaction pools in any group of second reaction pools are distributed along the second direction, 2 n The third reaction pools are distributed along the second direction;

[0017] 2 n Every two adjacent third reaction pools form a group of third reaction pools; n-1 The third reaction pool of the group is sequentially connected to the 2 second reaction pools of the n-2 groupn-1 The second reaction pools correspond one to one, and any two reaction pools of the n-2th group are connected to the corresponding two third reaction pools;

[0018] 2 of the second reaction pool of group m m+1 Every two adjacent second reaction pools form a group of second reaction pools. m The groups are connected with 2 of the second reaction pool of the m-1 group in turn. m The second reaction pools are in one-to-one correspondence, and any second reaction pool of the m-1th group is connected to the two second reaction pools corresponding to the mth group;

[0019] A conveying flow path is also provided on the first surface of the first substrate, and the conveying flow path is connected to both of the first reaction pools; the second substrate is arranged on the first surface of the first substrate, and a sample injection pump, m+1 drug injection pumps and a diluent injection pump are arranged on the second substrate, the sample injection pump is connected to both of the first reaction pools, the m+1 drug injection pumps and the diluent injection pumps are connected to the conveying flow path, and the m+1 drug injection pumps and the diluent injection pumps are arranged in sequence along the conveying flow path in a direction away from the first reaction pool;

[0020] m+1 first valve plates are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate, and the m+1 first valve plates are arranged in sequence along the direction of the conveying flow path away from the first reaction pool; the first valve plate is movably connected to the first substrate, so that the first valve plate can move on the first substrate; a first valve structure is provided on the first valve plate, and the first valve plate can open or close the conveying flow path by movement; one valve plate of the m+1 first valve plates is used to open or close the conveying flow path connected to the first reaction pool; another valve plate of the m+1 first valve plates is used to open or close the conveying flow path connected to the third reaction pool; the conveying flow path between two adjacent drug injection pumps has a valve plate for controlling its opening or closing;

[0021] m+2 second valve plates are provided on the second surface of the first substrate, and the m+2 second valve plates are arranged in sequence along the first direction; the second valve plate is movably connected to the first substrate so that the second valve plate can move on the first substrate; a second valve structure is provided on the second valve plate, one of the second valve plates is used to simultaneously open or close the connection between 2n third reaction pools and the corresponding observation flow paths, one of the second valve plates is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool and the first group of second reaction pools, one of the second valve plates is used to open or close the connection between the mth group of second reaction pools and the m-1th group of second reaction pools, one of the second valve plates is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction pool and the mth group of second reaction pools, and one of the second valve plates is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool and the third reaction pool.

[0022] Preferably, when m=0, there is no second reaction pool on the first substrate, and every two adjacent third reaction pools in the four third reaction pools form a group of third reaction pools, and the two groups correspond to one first reaction pool respectively in sequence, and any first reaction pool is connected to the corresponding two third reaction pools;

[0023] The number of the drug injection pump is 1, the number of the first valve plate is 1, and the first valve plate is used to open or close the transmission flow path connecting the drug injection pump and the third reaction cell;

[0024] There are two second valve plates, one of which is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool and the third reaction pool, and the other second valve plate is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction pool and the corresponding observation flow path.

[0025] Preferably, when m=1, every two adjacent second reaction pools in the four second reaction pools of the first group of second reaction pools form a small group of second reaction pools, and the two small groups correspond to one first reaction pool respectively in sequence, and any first reaction pool is connected to the two second reaction pools corresponding to the first group;

[0026] The number of the drug injection pumps is two, the number of the first valve plates is two, one of the first valve plates is used to open or close the transmission flow path between the drug injection pump and the third reaction tank, and the other first valve plate is used to open or close the transmission flow path between the two drug injection pumps;

[0027] There are three second valve plates, one of which is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool and the second reaction pool, another second valve plate is used to open or close the connection between the second reaction pool and the third reaction pool, and the last second valve plate is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction pool and the corresponding observation flow path.

[0028] Preferably, the total injection volume of the sample injection pump and the drug injection pump is greater than the total volume of the first reaction pool, the second reaction pool and the third reaction pool;

[0029] The total injection volume of the sample injection pump, the drug injection pump, and the diluent injection pump is greater than the total volume of the first reaction pool, the second reaction pool, the third reaction pool, and the observation flow path.

[0030] Preferably, the drug injection pump comprises a housing, a sleeve, and a plunger, wherein the housing is fixedly mounted on the second substrate, the housing is sleeved on the sleeve, the sleeve is capable of sliding in the housing, the sleeve is sleeved on the plunger, and a sealing structure is provided between the housing and the sleeve, and between the sleeve and the plunger;

[0031] The shell is connected to the first reaction pool, a seal is provided at the end of the sleeve, and the seal, sleeve and plunger form a accommodating space; a spike portion is provided in the shell, and when the sleeve is pushed to the bottom of the shell, the spike portion can pierce the seal.

[0032] In the present invention, the accommodating space can accommodate medicine, which is convenient for preparing medicine in the microfluidic chip, and also convenient for setting a sealing structure between the sleeve and the plunger. The process of pushing the plunger can push the sleeve to move. When the seal is punctured by the sharp part, the medicine in the accommodating space can flow to the first substrate.

[0033] Preferably, the m+1 first valve plates and the m+2 second valve plates are distributed along the first direction, a first valve plate is provided between every two adjacent second valve plates, and the movement directions of the first valve plate and the second valve plate are perpendicular to the first direction; among the m+2 second valve plates, except for the one for simultaneously opening or closing the 2 n In addition to the second valve plates for observing the connection between the third reaction pool and the corresponding flow path, the remaining m+1 second valve plates correspond to the m+1 first valve plates to form valve plate groups, and each valve plate group includes a first valve plate and a second valve plate;

[0034] The valve plate group corresponds to the drug injection pump one by one, the ends of the first valve plate and the second valve plate are both provided with a stopper, each sleeve is provided with a stopper, and the stopper extends between the side of the second substrate and the stopper corresponding to the sleeve.

[0035] Preferably, the first reaction pool, the second reaction pool and the third reaction pool are connected by a reaction flow path, and the end of the reaction flow path passes through the majority of the first substrates; the first valve structure and the second valve structure both include grooves; when two reaction flow paths are connected by the groove, the ends of the two reaction flow paths are connected to the groove.

[0036] Preferably, the second valve plate is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet and the groove are distributed along the movement direction of the second valve plate, and when the second valve plate is in a closed state, the fluid can flow into the air outlet;

[0037] Preferably, an exhaust hole is provided at the end of the observation flow path along the first direction.

[0038] Preferably, a limit assembly is provided on the second substrate, and the limit assembly is at least used to limit the movement range of the second valve plate so that the stroke of the second valve plate is equal to the distance between the air outlet and the groove.

[0039] In the present invention, after the limit assembly limits the stroke of the second valve plate, when the second valve plate moves to the edge of the motion range, the corresponding reaction flow path can only be connected to the air outlet or the groove, and the connection state of the reaction flow path can be controlled by simple operation, which is conducive to reducing the operation difficulty for ordinary people.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

[0041] (1) The microfluidic chip provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is conducive to reducing manufacturing costs;

[0042] (2) In a microfluidic chip provided by the present invention, a sample injection pump, a drug injection pump, and a diluent injection pump are all fixedly mounted on a second substrate, and ordinary people do not need to pay special attention to the tight connection between the injection pump, the drug injection pump, and the diluent injection pump and the second substrate during operation, which helps to reduce the difficulty of operation for ordinary people;

[0043] (3) The microfluidic chip provided by the present invention can realize the driving of samples through a simple injection operation, without the need for sophisticated and expensive supporting equipment, which is conducive to reducing the purchase cost of the public;

[0044] (4) A microfluidic chip provided by the present invention can control the sequential flow of multiple fluids by sequentially injecting and adjusting the first valve plate and the second valve plate;

[0045] (5) The microfluidic chip provided by the present invention has a function of preventing misoperation, which is helpful to reduce the difficulty of operation for ordinary people.

[0046] (6) The microfluidic chip provided by the present invention can realize multiple tests in one sampling by filling a plurality of preparatory reagents in the first reaction pool, the second reaction pool, and the third reaction pool, which is beneficial to reduce the detection cost and improve the detection speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a microfluidic chip in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the microfluidic channel in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first substrate and the second substrate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view of the drug injection pump in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the drug injection pump in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a baffle in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a housing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the first valve plate and the second valve plate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second valve plate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the flow channel, the first valve plate and the second valve plate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the rear flow channel of the micro-pharmaceutical injection pump and the first valve plate and the second valve plate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the rear flow channel of the diluent injection pump and the first valve plate and the second valve plate in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the microfluidic channel in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.14This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the flow channel, the first valve plate and the second valve plate in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] 11. First substrate; 12. Second substrate; 13. Observation flow path; 14. Third reaction cell; 15. First reaction cell; 16. Reaction flow path; 17. Transfer flow path; 18. Second reaction cell; 19. Sample injection pump; 21. Drug injection pump; 22. Dilution injection pump; 23. Shell; 24. Sleeve; 25. Baffle; 26. Plunger; 27. Fluid channel; 28. Plastic film; 29. ​​Spike; 31. First valve plate; 32. Second valve plate; 33. Block; 34. Air outlet; 35. Gear; 36. Exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventor of this case has proposed the technical solution of the present invention after long-term research and extensive practice. The following will further explain the technical solution, its implementation process and principle, etc. in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application and specific implementation cases.

[0065] It should be noted that the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, the present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the spirit, principle and scope of the present invention defined by the claims. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] In the description of the present application, "first", "second", "third" and similar words do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "one" or "an" and other similar words do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. "Include" or "comprise" and other similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprises" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprises" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and other similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0067] In the description of the present application, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, when positional terms such as both sides, outside, up and down are used, it should be understood that they are only used to facilitate understanding and description, considering that the structure may be facing other positions.

[0068] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the technical or scientific terms used should have the usual meanings understood by persons with general skills in the field to which this application belongs. Terms such as "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a conflicting connection, or an integrated connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] The embodiments of the present invention are intended to introduce and illustrate the structural composition of the microfluidic chip and the matching relationship between the various components. Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions, materials and manufacturing processes of the various components in the microfluidic chip in the embodiments of the present invention can be selected according to specific circumstances and are not specifically limited or described herein.

[0070] Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding of the present invention, some specific details are described in detail in the following detailed description of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be fully understood without the description of these details.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A microfluidic chip includes a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12. The first substrate 11 extends along a first direction. The first substrate 11 includes a first surface and a second surface. The second substrate 12 is arranged on the first surface of the first substrate 11.

[0073] An observation flow path 13, a first reaction pool 15, a second reaction pool 18, and a third reaction pool 14 are provided on the first surface of the first substrate 11. The first reaction pool 15, the second reaction pool 18, and the third reaction pool 14 are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and an exhaust hole 36 is provided at the end of the observation flow path 13 along the first direction; the first reaction pool 15, the second reaction pool 18, and the third reaction pool 14 are connected through a reaction flow path 16, and the end of the reaction flow path 16 passes through the first substrate 11.

[0074] The number of observation flow paths 13 is 2 n , n≥2, and the observation channels 13 all extend along the first direction; the number of the third reaction pools 14 is the same as the number of the observation channels 13 , and each third reaction pool 14 is connected to one observation channel 13 .

[0075] The second reaction pools 18 are arranged in groups, and there are n-2 groups of the second reaction pools 18. The fluid flows from the first reaction pool 15 to the second reaction pool 18 or the third reaction pool 14, the fluid flows from the m-1th group of second reaction pools 18 to the mth group of second reaction pools 18, and the fluid flows from the mth group of second reaction pools 18 to the third reaction pool 14.

[0076] Preferably, n-2 groups of second reaction pools 18 are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the mth group of second reaction pools 18 has 2 m+1 A second reaction tank 18, m≤n-2; 2 n Every two adjacent third reaction pools 14 form a group of third reaction pools 14; n-1 The third reaction pool 14 of the group is sequentially connected to the 2 second reaction pools 18 of the n-2 group. n-1 The second reaction pools 18 correspond to each other one by one, and the two reaction pools of any n-2 group are connected to the corresponding two third reaction pools 14; the two third reaction pools 18 of the mth group are connected to each other; m+1 Every two adjacent second reaction pools 18 form a group of second reaction pools 18, 2 m The groups are connected in sequence to the 2 of the second reaction pool 18 of the m-1 group m The second reaction pools 18 correspond one to one, and any second reaction pool of the m-1th group is connected to the two corresponding second reaction pools 18 belonging to the mth group.

[0077] There are two first reaction pools 15, and the two first reaction pools 15 are distributed along the second direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the first direction. A plurality of second reaction pools 18 in any group of second reaction pools 18 are distributed along the second direction. n The third reaction pools 14 are distributed along the second direction.

[0078] A transmission flow path 17 is also provided on the first surface of the first substrate 11 , and the transmission flow path 17 is connected to both of the two first reaction cells 15 .

[0079] Specifically, the first reaction tank 15 , the second reaction tank 18 , and the third reaction tank 14 are all pre-filled with solid chemicals.

[0080] Specifically, a plurality of second reaction pools 18 belonging to the same group of second reaction pools 18 are evenly distributed and symmetrically distributed about the transmission flow path 17 .

[0081] Specifically, the plurality of third reaction pools 14 are evenly distributed and symmetrically distributed about the transfer flow path 17 .

[0082] Specifically, the two first reaction pools 15 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the transfer flow path 17 .

[0083] Specifically, the first direction is the length direction of the first substrate 11 , and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0084] Specifically, m=0. At this time, there is no second reaction pool 18 on the first substrate 11, and the number of the observation channels 13 and the number of the third reaction pools 14 are both 4. Among the 4 third reaction pools 14, every two adjacent third reaction pools 14 form a group of third reaction pools 14, and the two groups correspond to one first reaction pool 15 respectively in sequence, and any first reaction pool 15 is connected to the corresponding two third reaction pools 14.

[0085] When the fluid enters the first reaction pool 15 , the second reaction pool 18 , and the third reaction pool 14 in sequence from the transmission flow path 17 , the air in the first reaction pool 15 , the second reaction pool 18 , and the third reaction pool 14 can be discharged from the exhaust hole 36 at the end of the observation flow path 13 .

[0086] See also Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 7 In this embodiment, a sample injection pump 19, m+1 reagent injection pumps 21 and a diluent injection pump 22 are arranged on the second substrate 12. The sample injection pump 19 is connected to both first reaction pools 15, and the m+1 reagent injection pumps 21 and the diluent injection pumps 22 are connected to the transmission flow path 17. The m+1 reagent injection pumps 21 and the diluent injection pumps 22 are arranged in sequence along the direction of the transmission flow path 17 flowing away from the first reaction pool 15.

[0087] Specifically, the number of the sample injection pump 19 , the drug injection pump 21 , and the diluent injection pump 22 are all one.

[0088] Preferably, the total injection volume of the sample injection pump 19 and the drug injection pump 21 is greater than that of the first reaction pool 15 and the second reaction pool 18. 、 the total volume of the third reaction pool 14 ; the total injection volume of the sample injection pump 19 , the reagent injection pump 21 , and the diluent injection pump 22 is greater than the total volume of the first reaction pool 15 , the second reaction pool 18 , the third reaction pool 14 and the observation flow path 13 .

[0089] further ， Preferably, the drug injection pump 21 includes a housing 23, a sleeve 24, and a plunger 26. The housing 23 is fixedly mounted on the second substrate 12, the housing 23 is sleeved on the sleeve 24, the sleeve 24 can slide in the housing 23, the sleeve 24 is sleeved on the plunger 26, and a sealing structure is provided between the housing 23 and the sleeve 24, and between the sleeve 24 and the plunger 26.

[0090] The shell 23 is connected to the first reaction tank 15, and a seal is provided at the end of the sleeve 24. The seal, the sleeve 24 and the plunger 26 form a accommodating space; a spike portion 29 is provided in the shell 23, and when the sleeve 24 is pushed to the bottom of the shell 23, the spike portion 29 can pierce the seal.

[0091] Specifically, the shell 23 is a hollow structure, and the end of the hollow structure has a contraction structure, which is connected to a fluid channel 27. The fluid channel 27 extends and passes through the second substrate 12, and the end of the fluid channel 27 corresponds to the position of the transmission flow path 17 on the first substrate 11, so that when the second substrate 12 is fixed on the first substrate 11, the fluid channel 27 is connected to the transmission flow path 17.

[0092] The sealing structure is an elastic rubber ring, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve 24 and the plunger 26. The rubber ring is squeezed by the outer wall of the sleeve 24 and the inner wall of the hollow structure and fits with the outer wall of the sleeve 24 and the inner wall of the hollow structure. This can form a seal in the area where the hollow structure is located at the front end of the sleeve 24, preventing external pathogens, dust, etc. from entering the contraction structure, which is beneficial to keeping the area where the hollow structure is located at the front end of the sleeve 24 clean and improving the adaptability of the microfluidic chip to home storage environment and home use environment.

[0093] The end of the sleeve 24 is provided with a contraction part matching the contraction structure, and a rubber ring is also installed on the outer wall of the contraction part. The end of the contraction part is not sealed, and the contraction part has an inner surface matching the shape of the spike part 29; the sealing member is a film with water-blocking properties, which can be a plastic film 28, and the distance between the plastic film 28 and the end of the contraction part is less than the movement distance of the spike part 29 in the contraction part. When the sleeve 24 moves so that the contraction part is inserted into the contraction structure, the rubber ring on the outer wall of the contraction part can be pressed and fitted with the inner wall of the contraction structure to form a sealing structure, thereby preventing liquid from flowing into the hollow structure; when the contraction part continues to enter the contraction structure, the plastic film 28 is punctured by the spike part 29, thereby releasing the medicine located in the accommodation space.

[0094] Specifically, the sample injection pump 19 and the diluent injection pump 22 have the same structure as the drug injection pump 21 , wherein the sample injection pump 19 is ultimately directly connected to the first reaction pool 15 .

[0095] See also Figure 1, Figures 5 to 10 In this embodiment, m+1 first valve plates 31 and m+2 second valve plates 32 are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate 11. The m+1 first valve plates 31 are arranged in sequence along the direction of the conveying flow path 17 flowing away from the first reaction pool 15; the first valve plate 31 is movably connected to the first substrate 11, so that the first valve plate 31 can move on the first substrate 11; the first valve plate 31 has a first valve structure, and the first valve plate 31 can open or close the conveying flow path 17 by moving; one valve plate of the m+1 first valve plates 31 is used to open or close the conveying flow path 17 connected to the first reaction pool 15; the other valve plate of the m+1 first valve plates 31 is used to open or close the conveying flow path 17 connected to the third reaction pool 14; the conveying flow path 17 between two adjacent drug injection pumps 21 has a valve plate for controlling its opening or closing.

[0096] m+1 second valve plates 32 are arranged in sequence along the first direction; the second valve plates 32 are movably connected to the first substrate 11, so that the second valve plates 32 can move on the first substrate 11; the second valve plates 32 have a second valve structure, and one of the second valve plates 32 is used to simultaneously open or close 2 n The connection state between each third reaction pool 14 and the corresponding observation flow path 13, one of the second valve plates 32 is used to open or close the connection state between the first reaction pool 15 and the first group of second reaction pools 18, one of the second valve plates 32 is used to open or close the connection state between the mth group of second reaction pools 18 and the m-1th group of second reaction pools 18, one of the second valve plates 32 is used to open or close the connection state between the third reaction pool 14 and the mth group of second reaction pools 18, and one of the second valve plates 32 is used to open or close the connection state between the first reaction pool 15 and the third reaction pool 14.

[0097] Preferably, the m+1 first valve plates 31 and the m+2 second valve plates 32 are distributed along the first direction, a first valve plate 31 is provided between every two adjacent second valve plates 32, and the movement directions of the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 are perpendicular to the first direction; among the m+2 second valve plates 32, except for the one for simultaneously opening or closing the 2 n In addition to the second valve plates 32 for communicating the third reaction pool 14 with the corresponding observation flow path 13, the remaining m+1 second valve plates 32 correspond to the m+1 first valve plates 31 to form valve plate groups, each valve plate group includes a first valve plate 31 and a second valve plate 32;

[0098] The valve plate group corresponds to the drug injection pump 21 one by one. The ends of the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 are both provided with a stopper 33. Each sleeve 24 is provided with a stopper 25. The stopper 33 extends between the side of the second substrate 12 and the stopper 25 of the corresponding sleeve 24.

[0099] Preferably, both the first valve structure and the second valve structure include a groove; when the two reaction channels 16 are connected via the groove, both ends of the two reaction channels 16 are connected to the groove.

[0100] Further preferably, the second valve plate 32 is provided with air outlet holes 34 , and the air outlet holes 34 and the grooves are distributed along the movement direction of the second valve plate 32 . When the second valve plate 32 is in a closed state, the fluid can flow into the air outlet holes 34 .

[0101] Specifically, the number of the first valve plate 31 is one, and the first valve plate 31 is used to open or close the transmission flow path 17 connecting the drug injection pump 21 and the third reaction pool 14;

[0102] There are two second valve plates 32 , one of which is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction tank 15 and the third reaction tank 14 , and the other second valve plate 32 is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction tank 14 and the corresponding observation flow path 13 .

[0103] Specifically, the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 are both along a length direction perpendicular to the first substrate 11 .

[0104] Specifically, a plurality of slide grooves perpendicular to the length direction of the first substrate 11 are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate 11 , and the plurality of slide grooves are used to accommodate the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 .

[0105] Specifically, a first control unit is provided on the first valve plate 31, and the first control unit includes a groove, and when the first valve plate 31 is in a state of being pushed close to the second substrate 12, the groove is connected with the transmission flow path 17; when the groove is connected with the transmission flow path 17, the agent in the agent injection pump 21 is allowed to flow to the first reaction pool 15; when the groove leaves the reaction flow path 16, the first valve plate 31 blocks the reaction flow path 16 and prevents the liquid in the transmission flow path 17 from flowing in a direction away from the first reaction pool 15.

[0106] Specifically, two second control units are provided on the second valve plate 32 for opening or closing the communication state between the first reaction pool 15 and the third reaction pool 14, each of which includes a groove and an air outlet 34, and when the first valve plate 31 is in a state of being pushed close to the second substrate 12, the groove is connected to the reaction flow path 16. When the groove is connected to the reaction flow path 16, the reagent is allowed to flow from the previous reaction flow path 16 to the next reaction flow path 16; when the air outlet 34 is connected to the reaction flow path 16, the reagent cannot flow from the previous reaction flow path 16 to the next reaction flow path 16, and the reagent can only flow in the previous reaction flow path 16, and the air in the previous reaction flow path 16 can be discharged from the corresponding air outlet 34.

[0107] Specifically, four second control units are disposed on the second valve plate 32 for opening or closing the communication state between the third reaction pool 14 and the corresponding observation flow path 13 .

[0108] Specifically, the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 for opening or closing the connection between the first reaction pool 15 and the third reaction pool 14 are arranged in a group, and the first valve plate 31 and the two stoppers 33 of the second valve plate 32 for opening or closing the connection between the first reaction pool 15 and the third reaction pool 14 extend between the baffle 25 corresponding to the drug injection pump 21 and the side of the second substrate 12. When the baffle 25 corresponding to the drug injection pump 21 moves toward the second substrate 12, the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 for opening or closing the connection between the first reaction pool 15 and the third reaction pool 14 can be pushed at the same time, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of operation for ordinary people.

[0109] Specifically, the block 33 on the second valve plate 32 for opening or closing the communication state between the third reaction pool 14 and the corresponding observation flow path 13 extends between the baffle 25 corresponding to the diluent injection pump 22 and the side of the second substrate 12 .

[0110] Further preferably, a limit assembly is provided on the second substrate 12, and the limit assembly is at least used to limit the movement range of the second valve plate 32, so that the stroke of the second valve plate 32 is equal to the distance between the air outlet 34 and the groove.

[0111] Specifically, the number of the limiting components is the sum of the number of the sample injection pumps 19 , the drug injection pumps 21 , and the diluent injection pumps 22 .

[0112] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of the limit assemblies is 3, and each limit assemblies includes two raised latch teeth 35; the two latch teeth 35 belonging to the same limit assemblies are distributed on the second substrate 12 along a length direction perpendicular to the first substrate 11; the gap between the two latch teeth 35 belonging to the same limit assemblies is used to accommodate the corresponding baffle 25, and when the baffle 25 is located between the two latch teeth 35, the two latch teeth 35 clamp and fix the baffle 25, and make the baffle 25 located at the initial position of injection, so as to limit the movement of the baffle 25, which is beneficial to avoid the external accidental pushing of the drug injection pump 21 during transportation, and ordinary people do not need to correct the baffle 25 before using it.

[0113] See also Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 12Before using the microfluidic chip in this embodiment for testing, ordinary people load the sample obtained by quantitative sampling into the inner cylinder of the sample injection pump 19. At this time, the three baffles 25 are all stuck by the locking teeth 35, the first valve plate 31 closes the transmission flow path 17, and the two second valve plates 32 are in a state where the air outlet 34 is connected to the reaction flow path 16.

[0114] When performing the test, the first step is to push the plunger 26 of the sample injection pump 19, thereby driving the sleeve 24 corresponding to the sample injection pump 19 to move. During this process, the spike portion 29 pierces the plastic film 28; the sample flows from the fluid channel 27 to the first substrate 11 under the push of the plunger 26, and is finally diverted into the two first reaction pools 15.

[0115] The second step is to push the drug injection pump 21, thereby driving the sleeve 24 corresponding to the drug injection pump 21 to move. During this process, the spike portion 29 pierces the plastic film 28; the drug flows from the fluid channel 27 to the transmission flow under the push of the plunger 26, and is finally diverted into the two first reaction tanks 15; during this process, the baffle 25 drives the first valve plate 31 and the corresponding second valve plate 32 to move, and the reaction flow path 16 between the first reaction tank 15 and the second reaction tank 18 is connected, and the transmission flow path 17 is connected. Since the baffle 25 of the diluent injection pump 22 is stuck, no extra space can be provided inside the diluent injection pump 22, and the drug cannot flow to the diluent injection pump 22, but can only flow to the first reaction tank 15.

[0116] The third step is to push the diluent injection pump 22, thereby driving the sleeve 24 corresponding to the diluent injection pump 22 to move. During this process, the spike portion 29 pierces the plastic film 28; the diluent flows from the fluid channel 27 to the transmission flow under the push of the plunger 26, and is finally diverted into the two first reaction pools 15; during this process, the baffle 25 drives the corresponding second valve plate 32 to move, so that the reaction path 16 between the third reaction pool 14 and the observation path 13 is connected, and the liquid in the reaction path 16 can enter the observation path 13.

[0117] In this embodiment, the sequential flow of multiple fluids can be controlled by only pushing the plungers 26 of the sample injection pump 19, the drug injection pump 21 and the diluent injection pump 22 in sequence, which is easy to operate and helps to reduce the operating difficulty for ordinary people.

[0118] In this embodiment, the space for containing liquid formed by the sleeve 24, the plunger 26 and the plastic film 28 can be used to contain prepared reagents, eliminating the need for ordinary people to prepare reagents, and facilitating long-term storage and transportation of the microfluidic chip.

[0119] Example 2

[0120] See also Fig.13 and Fig.14 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: m=1.

[0121] Specifically, in this embodiment, there is one group of second reaction pools 18, and the first group of second reaction pools 18 has four second reaction pools 18. Every two adjacent second reaction pools 18 in the four second reaction pools 18 form a small group of second reaction pools 18. The two small groups correspond to one first reaction pool 15 respectively in turn, and any first reaction pool 15 is connected to the two second reaction pools 18 corresponding to the first group.

[0122] There are two drug injection pumps 21, two first valve plates 31, and a first control unit is provided on each of the two first valve plates 31. The first first valve plate 31 is used to open or close the transmission flow path 17 between the drug injection pump 21 and the third reaction tank 14, and the second first valve plate 31 is used to open or close the transmission flow path 17 between the two drug injection pumps 21.

[0123] There are three second valve plates 32. The first second valve plate 32 is provided with two second control units, and the first second valve plate 32 is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction tank 15 and the second reaction tank 18; the second second valve plate 32 is provided with four second control units, and the second second valve plate 32 is used to open or close the connection between the second reaction tank 18 and the third reaction tank 14; the third second valve plate 32 is provided with eight second control units, and the third second valve plate 32 is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction tank 14 and the corresponding observation flow path 13.

[0124] Specifically, the sample injection pump 19, the first drug injection pump 21, the second drug injection pump 21, and the diluent injection pump 22 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first substrate 11, and the blocks 33 of the first first valve plate 31 and the first second valve plate 32 both extend between the baffle 25 corresponding to the first drug injection pump 21 and the second substrate 12, the blocks 33 of the second first valve plate 31 and the second second valve plate 32 both extend between the baffle 25 corresponding to the second drug injection pump 21 and the second substrate 12, and the blocks 33 of the third second valve plate 32 extend between the baffle 25 corresponding to the diluent injection pump 22 and the second substrate 12.

[0125] It is understandable that during testing, by pushing the plungers 26 of the sample injection pump 19, the first drug injection pump 21, the second drug injection pump 21, and the diluent injection pump 22 in sequence, the sequential flow of multiple fluids can be controlled, which is helpful to reduce the operating difficulty for ordinary people.

[0126] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, some simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microfluidic chip, characterized in that: include: A first substrate (11) and a second substrate (12); The first substrate (11) extends along a first direction, the first substrate (11) comprises a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface of the first substrate (11) is provided with two n observation flow paths (13) each extending along the first direction, wherein n≥2; The first surface of the first substrate (11) is also provided with two first reaction pools (15), n-2 groups of second reaction pools (18), 2 n The mth group of second reaction pools (18) has 2 m+1 second reaction pools (18), wherein m≤n-2; the fluid flows from the first reaction pool (15) to the second reaction pool (18) or the third reaction pool (14); the fluid flows from the m-1th group of second reaction pools (18) to the mth group of second reaction pools (18); the fluid flows from the mth group of second reaction pools (18) to the third reaction pool (14); the 2 n The third reaction pools (14) are respectively connected to an observation flow path (13); The two first reaction pools (15) are distributed along a second direction, the second direction is not parallel to the first direction, and a plurality of second reaction pools (18) in any group of second reaction pools (18) are distributed along the second direction, n The third reaction pools (14) are distributed along the second direction; 2 n Every two adjacent third reaction pools (14) form a group of third reaction pools (14); n-1 The third reaction pool (14) of the group is sequentially connected with the 2 second reaction pools (18) of the n-2 group. n-1 The second reaction pools (18) correspond one to one, and any two reaction pools of the n-2th group are connected to the corresponding two third reaction pools (14); 2 of the second reaction pool (18) of the mth group m+1 Each adjacent two of the second reaction pools (18) form a group of second reaction pools (18), 2 m The groups are sequentially connected to the 2 of the second reaction pool (18) of the m-1 group. m The second reaction pools (18) correspond one to one, and any second reaction pool of the m-1th group is connected to the two second reaction pools (18) corresponding to the mth group; A conveying flow path (17) is also provided on the first surface of the first substrate (11), and the conveying flow path (17) is connected to both of the first reaction pools (15); the second substrate (12) is arranged on the first surface of the first substrate (11), and a sample injection pump (19), m+1 drug injection pumps (21) and a diluent injection pump (22) are arranged on the second substrate (12), the sample injection pump (19) is connected to both of the first reaction pools (15), the m+1 drug injection pumps (21) and the diluent injection pump (22) are connected to the conveying flow path (17), and the m+1 drug injection pumps (21) and the diluent injection pumps (22) are arranged in sequence along the conveying flow path (17) in a direction away from the first reaction pool (15); m+1 first valve plates (31) are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate (11), and the m+1 first valve plates (31) are arranged in sequence along the direction of the conveying flow path (17) flowing away from the first reaction pool (15); the first valve plate (31) is movably connected to the first substrate (11), so that the first valve plate (31) can move on the first substrate (11); the first valve plate (31) has a first valve structure, and the first valve plate (31) can open or close the conveying flow path (17) by moving; one valve plate of the m+1 first valve plates (31) is used to open or close the conveying flow path (17) connected to the first reaction pool (15); the other valve plate of the m+1 first valve plates (31) is used to open or close the conveying flow path (17) connected to the third reaction pool (14); the conveying flow path (17) between two adjacent drug injection pumps (21) has a valve plate for controlling its opening or closing; m+2 second valve plates (32) are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate (11), and the m+2 second valve plates (32) are arranged in sequence along the first direction; the second valve plate (32) is movably connected to the first substrate (11), so that the second valve plate (32) can move on the first substrate (11); the second valve plate (32) has a second valve structure, and one of the second valve plates (32) is used to simultaneously open or close two n The invention relates to a method for controlling the connection between a third reaction pool (14) and a corresponding observation flow path (13), wherein one of the second valve plates (32) is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool (15) and the first group of second reaction pools (18), wherein one of the second valve plates (32) is used to open or close the connection between the mth group of second reaction pools (18) and the m-1th group of second reaction pools (18), wherein one of the second valve plates (32) is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction pool (14) and the mth group of second reaction pools (18), and wherein one of the second valve plates (32) is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool (15) and the third reaction pool (14).

2. A microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: When m=0, there is no second reaction pool (18) on the first substrate (11), and each two adjacent third reaction pools (14) among the four third reaction pools (14) form a group of third reaction pools (14), and the two groups correspond to one first reaction pool (15) respectively in sequence, and any first reaction pool (15) is connected to the corresponding two third reaction pools (14); The number of the drug injection pump (21) is one, the number of the first valve plate (31) is one, and the first valve plate (31) is used to open or close the transmission flow path (17) connecting the drug injection pump (21) and the third reaction pool (14); The number of the second valve plates (32) is two, one of which is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool (15) and the third reaction pool (14), and the other second valve plate (32) is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction pool (14) and the corresponding observation flow path (13).

3. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: When m=1, every two adjacent second reaction pools (18) in the four second reaction pools (18) of the first group of second reaction pools (18) form a small group of second reaction pools (18), and the two small groups correspond to one first reaction pool (15) respectively in sequence, and any first reaction pool (15) is connected to the two corresponding second reaction pools (18) belonging to the first group; The number of the drug injection pumps (21) is two, the number of the first valve plates (31) is two, one of the first valve plates (31) is used to open or close the transmission flow path (17) between the drug injection pump (21) and the third reaction pool (14), and the other first valve plate (31) is used to open or close the transmission flow path (17) between the two drug injection pumps (21); The number of the second valve plates (32) is three, wherein one second valve plate (32) is used to open or close the connection between the first reaction pool (15) and the second reaction pool (18), another second valve plate (32) is used to open or close the connection between the second reaction pool (18) and the third reaction pool (14), and the last second valve plate (32) is used to open or close the connection between the third reaction pool (14) and the corresponding observation flow path (13).

4. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total injection volume of the sample injection pump (19) and the drug injection pump (21) is greater than the first reaction pool (15) and the second reaction pool (18). 、 The total volume of the third reaction tank (14); The total injection volume of the sample injection pump (19), the drug injection pump (21), and the diluent injection pump (22) is greater than the total volume of the first reaction pool (15), the second reaction pool (18), the third reaction pool (14), and the observation flow path (13).

5. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drug injection pump (21) comprises a housing (23), a sleeve (24), and a plunger (26); the housing (23) is fixedly mounted on the second substrate (12); the housing (23) is sleeved on the sleeve (24); the sleeve (24) is capable of sliding in the housing (23); the sleeve (24) is sleeved on the plunger (26); and sealing structures are provided between the housing (23) and the sleeve (24), and between the sleeve (24) and the plunger (26); The shell (23) is connected to the first reaction pool (15); a seal is provided at the end of the sleeve (24); the seal, the sleeve (24) and the plunger (26) form a accommodating space; a spike portion (29) is provided inside the shell (23); when the sleeve (24) is pushed to the bottom of the shell (23), the spike portion (29) can pierce the seal.

6. The microfluidic chip according to claim 5, characterized in that: The m+1 first valve plates (31) and the m+2 second valve plates (32) are all distributed along the first direction, a first valve plate (31) is provided between every two adjacent second valve plates (32), and the movement directions of the first valve plate (31) and the second valve plate (32) are both perpendicular to the first direction; among the m+2 second valve plates (32), except for the one for simultaneously opening or closing the two n In addition to the second valve plates (32) for observing the communication state between the third reaction pool (14) and the corresponding observation flow path (13), the remaining m+1 second valve plates (32) and the m+1 first valve plates (31) correspond to each other to form valve plate groups, each valve plate group comprising a first valve plate (31) and a second valve plate (32); The valve plate group corresponds one-to-one to the drug injection pump (21), and the ends of the first valve plate (31) and the second valve plate (32) are both provided with a stopper (33), and each of the sleeves (24) is provided with a stopper (25), and the stopper (33) extends between the side of the second substrate (12) and the stopper (25) corresponding to the sleeve (24).

7. The microfluidic chip according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first reaction pool (15), the second reaction pool (18), and the third reaction pool (14) are connected via a reaction channel (16), and the end of the reaction channel (16) passes through the majority of the first substrates (11); the first valve structure and the second valve structure both include a groove; when the two reaction channels (16) are connected via the groove, the ends of the two reaction channels (16) are both connected to the groove.

8. The microfluidic chip according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second valve plate (32) is provided with an air outlet hole (34), the air outlet hole (34) and the groove are distributed along the movement direction of the second valve plate (32), and when the second valve plate (32) is in a closed state, fluid can flow into the air outlet hole (34); And / or, an exhaust hole (36) is provided at the end of the observation flow path (13) along the first direction.

9. The microfluidic chip according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limit assembly is provided on the second substrate (12), the limit assembly being used at least to limit the range of motion of the second valve plate (32) so that the stroke of the second valve plate (32) is equal to the distance between the air outlet (34) and the groove.

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