Multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers. The multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer comprises 50%-60% of macroelements, 20%-25% of medium elements, 0.5%-1% of microelements, 5% of disease-resistant components and 5% of stress-resistant components. The preparation method of the multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1, pouring the macro-elements, the medium elements, the trace elements, the disease-resistant components, the stress-resistant components and the dissolution regulator into a mixer according to a ratio, and uniformly mixing the macro-elements, the medium elements, the trace elements, the disease-resistant components and the dissolution regulator; and S2, granulating and drying the mixture in the mixer in the step S1 to obtain the multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer. The multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention enhances the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers, and in particular to a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to increase the yield, it is generally necessary to use fertilizers such as compound fertilizers and water-soluble fertilizers. Traditional compound fertilizers are prone to cause fertilizer loss, eutrophication of water bodies, serious damage to soil structure, nutrient imbalance and other problems. Water-soluble fertilizer is a new type of soluble fertilizer. Its production process has many advantages over general chemical fertilizers, urea, and compound fertilizers, such as complete nutrients, fast absorption, and low per-acre input cost. In addition, the fertilization method is simple, which greatly saves labor costs.

[0003] The functionality of common water-soluble fertilizers is basically the same as that of ordinary chemical fertilizers. There is a 2+1 multi-resistant amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (chelated calcium) product on the market. After actual use, it was found that its effect on improving the antiviral and stress resistance of crops is limited and needs to be further improved.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which can enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer and its preparation method comprise: 50%-60% of macroelements, 20%-25% of medium elements, 0.5%-1% of trace elements, 5% of disease-resistant components and 5% of stress-resistant components.

[0008] Preferably, the macroelements include multiple or all of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary elements include several or all of calcium, magnesium and sulfur.

[0010] Preferably, the trace elements include multiple or all of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron and molybdenum.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-disease component is one or all of a biostimulant and an antibiotic, wherein the biostimulant includes humic acid or fulvic acid, and the antibiotic is sphingomyelin or an antimicrobial peptide.

[0012] Preferably, the stress-resistant component includes one or all of an antioxidant and a plant hormone, the antioxidant is vitamin C or vitamin E, and the plant hormone is abscisic acid or jasmonic acid.

[0013] Preferably, a dissolution regulator is also included, and the dissolution regulator is used to adjust the dissolution rate of the multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the dissolution regulator is a fast dissolution regulator, including phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and / or potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0015] Preferably, the dissolution regulator is a slow dissolution regulator, including one or more of starch, cellulose, lignin, protein, chitosan and biodegradable polymers.

[0016] A method for preparing a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1: Pour macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements, disease-resistant ingredients, stress-resistant ingredients and solubility regulators into a mixer according to proportion and mix evenly;

[0018] S2: Granulate and dry the mixed material in the mixer in S1 to obtain a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention enhances the disease resistance of crops and reduces the incidence of diseases by adding disease-resistant components such as biostimulants and / or antibiotics;

[0021] (2) The present invention enhances the stress resistance of crops to adverse environments and reduces the negative impact of adversity on plant growth by adding stress-resistant ingredients such as antioxidants and / or plant hormones;

[0022] (3) The present invention adds a fast-dissolving regulator so that the water-soluble fertilizer that originally takes several weeks to dissolve can be completely dissolved within a few days or a week, so that crops can absorb nutrients in a timely manner and reduce the loss of nutrients in the fertilizer in sandy soil.

[0023] (4) The present invention adds a slow dissolving regulator, so that the water-soluble fertilizer that originally dissolves within a few weeks can be dissolved for a longer time, so that the nutrients are dissolved continuously and stably, which is suitable for crops that require stable nutrient input. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in the following examples, and the embodiments of the present invention include but are not limited to the following examples.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] The multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer includes: 50%-60% of macroelements, 20%-25% of secondary elements, 0.5%-1% of trace elements, 5% of disease-resistant ingredients, and 5% of stress-resistant ingredients; the macroelements include multiple or all of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the secondary elements include multiple or all of calcium, magnesium and sulfur, and the trace elements include multiple or all of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron and molybdenum. The macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements provide the necessary nutrients for plant growth.

[0027] The disease-resistant component is a biostimulant, wherein the biostimulant includes humic acid or fulvic acid. Humic acid is an organic substance in nature. By promoting the activities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, it can improve the growth environment of plants, promote root development, enhance the absorption capacity of plants, and improve the resistance of plants to adversity; fulvic acid is a part of humus, has a small molecular weight, is easily absorbed by plants, can help plants better utilize nutrients in the soil, and has the function of regulating plant growth and enhancing stress resistance. Adding the above-mentioned disease-resistant components to water-soluble fertilizers can enhance the plant's own immune system and provide external protection, reducing the incidence of diseases; using biostimulants and antibiotics can reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, thereby reducing environmental pollution and pesticide residues; biostimulants such as humic acid and fulvic acid can improve soil structure, increase fertilizer absorption and utilization; biostimulants can provide nutrition for beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promote their growth, and further improve the soil environment.

[0028] The stress-resistant component includes an antioxidant, and the antioxidant is vitamin C or vitamin E. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that can remove free radicals in plants, reduce oxidative stress, and participate in various physiological processes of plants, including photosynthesis, light protection, and hormone synthesis. The main function of vitamin E in plants is to act as a fat-soluble antioxidant to protect cell membranes from lipid peroxidation damage. It helps plants resist adversity in the following ways: protecting the integrity of plant cell membranes and maintaining normal cell functions. Reduce oxidative damage caused by environmental stress, such as salt stress, temperature extremes, etc. Participate in the regulation of plant signal transmission and gene expression. Adding the above-mentioned stress-resistant components to water-soluble fertilizers has the following advantages: antioxidants can help plants resist various environmental pressures and reduce the negative impact of adversity on plant growth; by reducing oxidative damage, antioxidants can promote healthy plant growth and improve the quality and yield of crops; by enhancing the resistance of plants themselves, dependence on external pesticides can be reduced, thereby reducing environmental pollution; the use of stress-resistant components can improve the absorption and utilization efficiency of nutrients in fertilizers by plants.

[0029] A method for preparing a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1: Pour macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements, disease-resistant ingredients, and stress-resistant ingredients into a mixer according to proportion and mix evenly;

[0031] S2: The mixed material in the mixer in S1 is granulated by a granulator and dried by a drying device, and the drying temperature is controlled within 30° C. to finally obtain a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] The multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer includes: 50%-60% of macroelements, 20%-25% of secondary elements, 0.5%-1% of trace elements, 5% of disease-resistant ingredients, and 5% of stress-resistant ingredients; the macroelements include multiple or all of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the secondary elements include multiple or all of calcium, magnesium and sulfur, and the trace elements include multiple or all of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron and molybdenum. The macroelements, secondary elements and trace elements provide the necessary nutrients for plant growth.

[0034] The disease-resistant component is an antibiotic, and the antibiotic is spinifex or antimicrobial peptide. Spinifex is an antimicrobial peptide produced by certain beneficial bacteria (such as Bacillus subtilis), which can inhibit the growth of a variety of plant pathogens, thereby protecting plants from diseases. Spinifex works in the following ways: destroying the cell membrane of pathogens, causing leakage of cell contents, and ultimately causing the death of pathogens; competitively inhibiting the growth of pathogens in the rhizosphere of plants, reducing the occurrence of diseases; stimulating the immune system of plants, and the disease-resistant component is one or all of biostimulants and antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides are a class of polypeptides with antimicrobial activity that can effectively inhibit or kill plant pathogens and reduce the occurrence of diseases. It directly binds to the cell membrane of pathogens, changes its permeability, and causes cell death; interferes with the energy metabolism or cell division process of pathogens, inhibiting their growth; as a signal molecule, it induces plants to produce disease resistance and enhances the defense capabilities of plants. Adding the above-mentioned disease-resistant ingredients has the following advantages: by inhibiting the growth of pathogens, the incidence of diseases is reduced, and the health and yield of crops are improved; the use of antibiotics can reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, thereby reducing environmental pollution and pesticide residues; antibiotics can provide a good growth environment for beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promote their growth, and further improve the soil environment; the use of antibiotics can improve the absorption and utilization rate of nutrients in fertilizers by plants.

[0035] The stress-resistant component includes plant hormones, which are abscisic acid or jasmonic acid. Abscisic acid is an important plant hormone, and its main functions include: under drought conditions, it can promote the closure of stomata, reduce water loss, and help plants retain water; it can regulate the ion balance in the plant body and reduce the damage of salt to plant cells; it also participates in the adaptation process of plants to low temperatures, and enhances the cold resistance of plants by regulating the expression of related genes. The main functions of jasmonic acid include: it can induce plants to produce defense-related proteins and secondary metabolites, which can help plants resist diseases and insect pests; it plays a balancing role between plant growth and defense, ensuring that plants can reasonably allocate resources when facing stress; it also participates in the defense response of plants to mechanical damage and herbivore attacks. Adding the above-mentioned stress-resistant ingredients has the following advantages: it can help plants resist various environmental pressures and reduce the negative impact of adversity on plant growth; by regulating the physiological responses of plants, these plant hormones can promote healthy plant growth and improve the quality and yield of crops; by enhancing the plant's own resistance, it can reduce dependence on external pesticides, thereby reducing environmental pollution; the use of stress-resistant ingredients can improve the plant's absorption and utilization efficiency of nutrients in fertilizers.

[0036] A method for preparing a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1: Pour macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements, disease-resistant ingredients, and stress-resistant ingredients into a mixer according to proportion and mix evenly;

[0038] S2: The mixed material in the mixer in S1 is granulated by a granulator and dried by a drying device, and the drying temperature is controlled within 30° C. to finally obtain a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0039] Comparative Example:

[0040] The 2+1 multi-antibiotic amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (chelated calcium) product on the market is used as the most comparative proportion.

[0041] The products prepared by the formula of Example 1-2 and the products of the comparative example were selected and used for wheat, rice, peanut, rapeseed and soybean at a dosage of 30 kg per mu, and the fertilizer application effect was observed and recorded during the growth period. The effect was judged as ineffective, general, good and excellent. The results are shown in Table 1-2:

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Table 1

[0045] It can be seen from Table 1 that the water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention has a better antiviral effect than the water-soluble fertilizer of the comparative example. Adding an appropriate amount of biostimulant and / or antibiotic to the fertilizer can inhibit the reproduction of viruses, achieve a control effect, and thus improve the antiviral effect of crops.

[0046] Stress resistance wheat Rice peanut rape Soybean Example 1 good good good good good Example 2 good good good good good Comparative Example generally generally generally generally generally

[0047] Table 2

[0048] It can be seen from Table 2 that the water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention has a better stress resistance effect than the water-soluble fertilizer of the comparative example. Adding an appropriate amount of antioxidants and / or plant hormones to the fertilizer can significantly enhance the stress resistance of crops.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer includes: 50%-60% of macroelements, 20%-25% of medium elements, 0.5%-1% of trace elements, 5% of disease-resistant components, and 5% of stress-resistant components; the macroelements include multiple or all of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the medium elements include several or all of calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, and the trace elements include multiple or all of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, and molybdenum. The macroelements, medium elements, and trace elements provide the nutrients required for plant growth. The fertilizer also includes a dissolution regulator, which is used to adjust the dissolution rate of the multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0051] In the early stages of crop growth, such as seed germination and seedling growth stages, crops have a relatively large demand for nutrients, especially major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Therefore, a portion of the nutrients in the fertilizer needs to be able to dissolve and release quickly to meet the nutritional needs of crops at this stage. In sandy soils, nutrients are easily lost, so using fast-dissolving fertilizers can quickly replenish nutrients and reduce losses. The above situations all require fertilizers to be able to dissolve quickly. The dissolution regulator is a fast-dissolving regulator, including phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and / or potassium-solubilizing bacteria. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are a type of microorganism that can convert insoluble inorganic phosphates in the soil into a form that can be absorbed by plants. These bacteria reduce soil pH by secreting organic acids or other substances, thereby increasing the solubility of phosphorus. Common phosphate-solubilizing bacteria include certain types of Bacillus and Pseudomonas. Potassium-solubilizing bacteria can decompose potassium-containing minerals such as potassium feldspar and mica in the soil to release soluble potassium. These microorganisms promote the release of potassium by producing acidic substances or enzymes. For example, silicate bacteria such as Bacillus gelatinus are efficient at converting the mineral potassium into a form that can be used by plants.

[0052] By adding fast-dissolving regulators, water-soluble fertilizers that originally took weeks to dissolve can be completely dissolved within a few days or a week, allowing crops to absorb nutrients in a timely manner and reducing nutrient loss in sandy soils.

[0053] A method for preparing a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1: Pour macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements, disease-resistant ingredients, and stress-resistant ingredients into a mixer according to proportion and mix evenly;

[0055] S2: The mixed material in the mixer in S1 is granulated by a granulator and dried by a drying device, and the drying temperature is controlled within 30° C. to finally obtain a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] The multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer includes: 50%-60% of macroelements, 20%-25% of medium elements, 0.5%-1% of trace elements, 5% of disease-resistant components, and 5% of stress-resistant components; the macroelements include multiple or all of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the medium elements include several or all of calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, and the trace elements include multiple or all of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, and molybdenum. The macroelements, medium elements, and trace elements provide the nutrients required for plant growth. The fertilizer also includes a dissolution regulator, which is used to adjust the dissolution rate of the multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

[0058] The dissolution regulator is a slow dissolution regulator, including one or more of starch, cellulose, lignin, protein, chitosan and biodegradable polymers. Slowly dissolving fertilizers can provide long-term nutrient supply, suitable for crops that need stable nutrient input, such as perennial plants or crops that need balanced nutrient supply throughout the growth cycle. In areas with heavy rainfall or frequent irrigation, slowly dissolving fertilizers can reduce the loss of nutrients caused by water flow. In this embodiment, starch is preferably used as a slow dissolution regulator, mainly because the cost of starch is the lowest compared to other ingredients. Starch is a polysaccharide that can be slowly decomposed by enzyme action or microbial activity, thereby gradually releasing the nutrients therein. In fertilizers, starch can be used as a slow-release matrix to extend the fertilizer effect. Cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls and has stable chemical properties and good mechanical properties. In fertilizers, cellulose can increase the organic matter content of the soil, and its decomposition process is slow, which helps to continuously provide nutrients. Lignin is another important component of plant cell walls, with a complex mesh structure that is difficult to decompose quickly. Lignin can be used as a slow-dissolving carrier in fertilizers to extend the fertilizer effect. Protein can be used as a form of nitrogen source. It decomposes slowly in the soil and can provide a long-term nitrogen supply. Chitosan is a derivative of chitin and has good biocompatibility and biodegradability. In fertilizers, chitosan can be used as a slow-release material, which also has the effect of promoting plant growth and enhancing disease resistance. Biodegradable polymers are high-molecular materials that can be decomposed by microorganisms under natural conditions. In fertilizers, these polymers can be used as nutrient encapsulation materials, gradually releasing nutrients through their degradation process. These slow-dissolving regulators can delay the release of nutrients in fertilizers and reduce losses caused by leaching or volatilization; by extending the fertilizer effect, the number of fertilizations can be reduced and production costs can be reduced.

[0059] By adding slow-dissolving regulators, water-soluble fertilizers that originally dissolve within weeks can be dissolved for a longer period of time, allowing nutrients to dissolve continuously and stably, making it suitable for crops that require stable nutrient input.

[0060] A method for preparing a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1: Pour macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements, disease-resistant ingredients, and stress-resistant ingredients into a mixer according to proportion and mix evenly;

[0062] S2: The mixed material in the mixer in S1 is granulated by a granulator and dried by a drying device, and the drying temperature is controlled within 30° C. to finally obtain a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

Claims

1. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: include: Macroelements 50%-60%, secondary elements 20%-25%, trace elements 0.5%-1%, disease-resistant ingredients 5%, and stress-resistant ingredients 5%.

2. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The macroelements include multiple or all of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

3. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary elements include several or all of calcium, magnesium and sulfur.

4. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trace elements include multiple or all of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron and molybdenum.

5. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-disease component is one or all of a biostimulant and an antibiotic, wherein the biostimulant includes humic acid or fulvic acid, and the antibiotic is sphingomyelin or an antimicrobial peptide.

6. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stress-resistant ingredients include one or all of antioxidants and plant hormones, the antioxidant is vitamin C or vitamin E, and the plant hormone is abscisic acid or jasmonic acid.

7. A multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dissolution regulator, which is used to adjust the dissolution rate of the multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

8. A multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dissolution regulator is a fast dissolution regulator, including phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and / or potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

9. A multi-resistance water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dissolution regulator is a slow dissolution regulator, including one or more of starch, cellulose, lignin, protein, chitosan and biodegradable polymer.

10. A method for preparing a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer, which is applicable to the multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Pour macroelements, secondary elements, trace elements, disease-resistant ingredients, stress-resistant ingredients and solubility regulators into a mixer according to proportion and mix evenly; S2: Granulate and dry the mixed material in the mixer in S1 to obtain a multi-resistant water-soluble fertilizer.

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