Bacterial fertilizer preparation process

Abstract

The invention relates to a bacterial fertilizer preparation process. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing raw materials: sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, monopotassium phosphate, monocalcium phosphate, sodium alginate and a compound microbial agent; (2) preparing an intermediate product: uniformly mixing sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, monopotassium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, and carrying out stacking fermentation; (3) preparing a fertilizer core: uniformly stirring and mixing sodium alginate, a compound microbial agent and a part of the intermediate product, and granulating; and (4) preparing the bacterial fertilizer: uniformly stirring and mixing the fertilizer core and the residual intermediate product, and granulating. After the bacterial fertilizer prepared by the preparation process provided by the invention is applied, the fertility of land parcels can be continuously improved, the crop yield is increased, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological fertilizer, and in particular to a process for preparing fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Bacterial fertilizer, also known as biological fertilizer, biofertilizer, etc., does not contain the nutrients required for plant growth and development. After being applied to the soil, it only improves the soil, prevents and treats diseases, and improves the nutritional conditions of crops through the life activities of a large number of beneficial microorganisms it contains. For conventional biological fertilizers, their fertilizer effect is average. After application, due to the influence of the physical and chemical properties of the plot, the activity of the contained microorganisms is generally low, and the effect of improving the fertility of the plot is not obvious, which ultimately manifests as disadvantages such as low crop emergence rate and yield.

[0003] Sheep manure and other livestock and poultry manure are rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements. In order to make use of them as resources, pile fermentation is a common way to utilize them as fertilizer. This method is a biological process in which the organic matter in the manure is decomposed by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi or external microbial agents contained in the manure and other materials under artificial control of fermentation temperature, moisture and composting conditions, and these organic matters are fermented at high temperature into more stable and harmless humus. However, the decomposition degree of organic matter in the manure is limited in single composting fermentation, and the content of nutrients that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plant roots is not high; if it can be further decomposed by other artificial external microbial agents after application, its utilization rate will be further improved, which can also further play a role in the slow release of fertilizer effect, thereby continuously providing fertility for crops, and ultimately greatly improving crop emergence rate and yield. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing bacterial fertilizer to solve the problem of insufficient effectiveness of biological bacterial fertilizer after application in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A process for preparing bacterial fertilizer, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) Raw materials preparation The raw materials include 60 to 70 parts of sheep manure, 10 to 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 to 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 to 10 parts of wheat bran, 3 to 4 parts of urea, 2 to 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 to 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 to 2 parts of sodium alginate and 3 to 4 parts of composite microbial agent in parts by weight; (2) Preparation of intermediate products The sheep manure, the soybean meal, the rapeseed meal, the wheat bran, the urea, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed and then piled and fermented to obtain an intermediate product; (3) Preparation of fertilizer core The sodium alginate, the composite microbial agent, and part of the intermediate product are mixed and granulated to obtain a fertilizer core; (4) Preparation of bacterial fertilizer The fertilizer core and the remaining intermediate product are stirred and mixed and then granulated to obtain the final product bacterial fertilizer.

[0006] As a further optimization, the above-mentioned composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus phaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

[0007] As a further optimization, the total concentration of the bacterial species in the above-mentioned composite microbial agent is 1×10 12 / mL, wherein the ratio of the viable cell count of Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is 2-4:1:2-4:1:1, and more preferably 2:1:2:1:1.

[0008] As a further optimization, the particle size of the above fertilizer core is 3 to 4 mm. By preparing the fertilizer core, combined with the steps of adding sodium alginate and preparing bacterial fertilizer, the final product bacterial fertilizer is endowed with an internal structural characteristic similar to a double-layer structure. After application, the various bacterial species will maintain a relatively close symbiotic relationship with each other for a long time. The fermentation products of the outer layer can not only reduce the adverse effects of the physical and chemical properties of the plot on the microorganisms, and then retain a higher number of live bacteria in the finished bacterial fertilizer, so that it has a higher microbial activity, but also can be used for further decomposition of microorganisms, thereby increasing the degree of decomposition of the fermentation products, and continuously producing nutrients that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plant roots, thereby improving the fertility of the plot.

[0009] As a further illustration, the above-mentioned sheep manure is preferably dry sheep manure, which contains less than 5wt% water.

[0010] As a further optimization, during the above-mentioned stacking fermentation process, the humidity of the material is maintained at 55% to 60% and the temperature is maintained at 35°C to 45°C.

[0011] As a further optimization, during the above-mentioned stacking and fermentation process, the material pile height shall not exceed 1m, the width shall be controlled within 2 meters, the pile shall be turned over every 5 to 6 days, and the composting fermentation shall be stopped after at least 20 days.

[0012] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The invention provides a process for preparing bacterial fertilizer. The process firstly selects common agricultural and animal husbandry waste materials to carry out a conventional composting fermentation process, effectively degrades organic matter in waste materials such as sheep manure and soybean meal, completes the harmless treatment of waste materials such as sheep manure, and increases the nutrients of the final product fertilizer. After the prepared bacterial fertilizer is applied, it can mitigate the adverse effects of the physical and chemical properties of the plot on microorganisms, continuously produce nutrients, improve the fertility of the plot, and increase crop yield. For example, according to research and comparison, when used for soybean planting, the emergence rate and soybean yield can be respectively increased by more than 50%. It can be seen that the bacterial fertilizer can effectively improve the fertility of the soil, continuously promote plant growth and development, and thus increase crop yield, with significant economic and social benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples to provide a better understanding of the present invention.

[0014] Example 1 A bacterial fertilizer preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) Raw materials preparation The invention comprises the following raw materials, in weight proportion: 60 parts of sheep manure with a water content of 5wt%, 15 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of sodium alginate and 3 parts of composite microbial agent; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis with pure water in a ratio of 2:1:2:1:1 in terms of live bacteria count, wherein the total bacterial species concentration is 1×10 12 Pieces / mL; (2) Preparation of intermediate products The sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed and then piled and fermented to obtain an intermediate product; during the pile fermentation process, the humidity of the material is maintained at 55% and the temperature is maintained at 40°C; the material pile is 1m high and 2m wide, and the pile is turned every 5 days, and the composting fermentation is stopped after the 20th day; (3) Preparation of fertilizer core Sodium alginate, composite microbial agent, and intermediate product accounting for 1 / 5 of the total weight are mixed and granulated to obtain fertilizer core with a particle size of 4 mm; (4) Preparation of bacterial fertilizer The fertilizer core and the remaining intermediate product are stirred and mixed and then granulated to obtain the final product bacterial fertilizer.

[0015] Example 2 A bacterial fertilizer preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) Raw materials preparation The invention comprises the following raw materials, in weight: 70 parts of sheep manure with a water content of 5wt%, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of sodium alginate and 4 parts of composite microbial agent; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis with physiological saline in a ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 in terms of live bacteria count, wherein the total bacterial concentration is 1×10 12 Pieces / mL; (2) Preparation of intermediate products The sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed and then piled and fermented to obtain an intermediate product; during the pile fermentation process, the humidity of the material is maintained at 60% and the temperature is maintained at 45°C; the material pile is 1m high and 2m wide, and the pile is turned every 5 days, and the composting fermentation is stopped after the 20th day; (3) Preparation of fertilizer core Sodium alginate, composite microbial agent, and intermediate product accounting for 1 / 5 of the total weight are mixed and granulated to obtain fertilizer core with a particle size of 4 mm; (4) Preparation of bacterial fertilizer The fertilizer core and the remaining intermediate product are stirred and mixed and then granulated to obtain the final product bacterial fertilizer.

[0016] Comparative Example 1 A process for preparing organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) Raw materials preparation The invention comprises, by weight, 70 parts of sheep manure containing 5wt% of water, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate and 2 parts of sodium alginate; (2) Preparation of intermediate products The sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed and then piled and fermented to obtain an intermediate product; during the pile fermentation process, the humidity of the material is maintained at 60% and the temperature is maintained at 45°C; the material pile is 1m high and 2m wide, and the pile is turned every 5 days, and the composting fermentation is stopped after the 20th day; (3) Preparation of fertilizer core Sodium alginate and the intermediate product are taken, stirred and mixed, and then granulated to obtain the final product, organic fertilizer.

[0017] Comparative Example 2 A bacterial fertilizer preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) Raw materials preparation The invention comprises the following raw materials, in weight: 70 parts of sheep manure with a water content of 5wt%, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of sodium alginate and 4 parts of composite microbial agent; the composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis with physiological saline in a ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 in terms of live bacteria count, wherein the total bacterial concentration is 1×10 12 Pieces / mL; (2) Preparation of intermediate products The sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed and then piled and fermented to obtain an intermediate product; during the pile fermentation process, the humidity of the material is maintained at 60% and the temperature is maintained at 45°C; the material pile is 1m high and 2m wide, and the pile is turned every 5 days, and the composting fermentation is stopped after the 20th day; (3) Preparation of bacterial fertilizer Sodium alginate, composite microbial agent and intermediate product are taken, stirred and mixed, and then granulated to obtain the final product, bacterial fertilizer.

[0018] Experimental Example 1 Four plots of sandy soil with similar basic conditions such as altitude and deep soil layer, and fertile and well-drained were selected for experiments, and each experimental plot occupied one acre for soybean planting. The first group of plots to the third group of plots respectively corresponded to the application of the fertilizers prepared in Example 2, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and the application amount was 180kg / mu, and the plots without any fertilizer were used as the control group, and the same planting conditions and management conditions were used simultaneously. By counting the total number of seedlings in each plot and the total yield of the final harvest, it is known by comparison that compared with the control group, from the first group of plots to the third group of plots, the soybean emergence rate increased by 54.75%, 19.60%, and 35.62%, respectively; the soybean yield increased by 50.62%, 18.02%, and 34.17%, respectively; it can be seen that the bacterial fertilizer in this application can effectively improve the fertility of the soil, continuously promote plant growth and development, and thus increase crop yield.

Claims

1. A process for preparing bacterial fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Raw materials preparation The raw materials include 60 to 70 parts of sheep manure, 10 to 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 to 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 to 10 parts of wheat bran, 3 to 4 parts of urea, 2 to 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 to 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 to 2 parts of sodium alginate and 3 to 4 parts of composite microbial agent in parts by weight; (2) Preparation of intermediate products The sheep manure, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed and then piled and fermented to obtain an intermediate product; (3) Preparation of fertilizer core The sodium alginate, the composite microbial agent, and part of the intermediate product are mixed and stirred, and then granulated to obtain a fertilizer core; (4) Preparation of bacterial fertilizer The fertilizer core and the remaining intermediate product are stirred and mixed and then granulated.

2. The process for preparing bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus megaterium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis.

3. The process for preparing bacterial fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total concentration of the bacterial species in the composite microbial agent is 1×10 12 / mL, wherein the ratio of the number of live bacteria of the Bacillus megaterium, the Lactobacillus plantarum, the Bacillus sphaericus, the Bacillus subtilis and the Bacillus licheniformis is 2-4:1:2-4:1:

1.

4. The process for preparing bacterial fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total concentration of the bacterial species in the composite microbial agent is 1×10 12 / mL, wherein the ratio of the number of live bacteria of the Bacillus megaterium, the Lactobacillus plantarum, the Bacillus sphaericus, the Bacillus subtilis and the Bacillus licheniformis is 2:1:2:1:

1.

5. The process for preparing bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sheep manure is selected as dry sheep manure, which contains less than 5wt% water. During the stacking fermentation process, the humidity of the material is maintained at 55%-60% and the temperature is maintained at 35°C-45°C.

6. The process for preparing bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The particle size of the fertilizer core is 3 to 4 mm.

7. The process for preparing bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: During the stacking and fermentation process, the material pile height does not exceed 1 meter, the width is controlled within 2 meters, the pile is turned every 5 to 6 days, and the composting fermentation is stopped after at least 20 days.